Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Age And Experience Differences In Posture And Movement Of Children While English Horseback Riding At A Walk, Mary Katherine Belissary

Theses and Dissertations

The purposes of this study were to: (1) describe posture and movement of non-disabled children while English horseback riding at a walk, (2) propose a developmental sequence for each of three components of body posture and movement: the upper extremity the lower extremity, and the head and trunk, and (3) describe age differences in posture and movement while riding.

The study was designed as a cross-sectional descriptive study. Thirty children without disabilities: ten five-year-olds who had never received formal riding lessons; ten seven- and eight-year-olds who had received six months or less of formal riding lessons; and ten nine and …

The Effects Of Religious Affiliation And Attendance On Illicit Sexual Behavior And Substance Abuse, Thomas W. Zane

Theses and Dissertations

A sample of 7724 college students in Washington and Utah was selected to study the relationships of religious activity and religious affiliation to illicit sexual behaviors, use of marijuana, and getting drunk. For all religious affiliations (except for the Jews), there were significant correlations between church activity and the measured illicit behaviors. LDS rates of behavior were significantly lower at <.001 for the five illicit behaviors. Two factor analyses were calculated to determine which sexual behaviors would load on a single factor and which substances would load on another factor. Extramarital coitus, heavy petting, and passionate kissing formed the first "sexual" factor. The use of beer, liquor, and marijuana combined with the behavior getting drunk to form the "substance-abuse" factor. A canonical analysis reported a moderate relationship with a canonical coefficient of .534 between the two factors. A discriminant analysis based on each subjects' religious affiliation and activity level yielded a 70-80 percent correct classification percentage.

Evaluation Of Analytical, Pharmacokinetic And Pharmacodynamic Methods For The Study Of Digoxin, Santosh John Vetticaden

Theses and Dissertations

The primary objective of the research was to investigate the pharmacodynamics of digoxin in dogs. Initially an assay specific for digoxin in the presence of its major metabolites, viz., digoxigenin, digoxigenin mono-digitoxoside, digoxigenin bis-digitoxoside and dihydrodigoxin was developed using HPLC-RIA. Methodology for non-invasive measurement of left ventricular ejection time (LVET) and other systolic time intervals (STI) in beagle dogs were developed. This involved surgery for exteriorization of the carotid artery in the dogs and subsequent measurements of LVET and STI after recovery. STI, heart rate (HR) and digoxin levels were monitored in normal beagle dogs administered 0.05 mg/kg or 0.025 …

Qualitative And Quantitative Morphology Of Lateral Rectus Motoneurons Of The Principal Abducens Nucleus, Helen Russell-Mergenthal

Theses and Dissertations

Nine lateral rectus motoneurons of the principal abducens nucleus, intracellularly stained with HRP, were morphometrically analyzed by light microscopy using a new method for determining motoneuron size. Particular emphasis was placed on devising a method of estimating total dendrite size from the proximal dendritic diameter alone.

The dendrites of these cells were divided into three types. One type, the microdendrites, had a consistent diameter of l micrometer, variable but short lengths, and added very little to the overall cell size. The majority of the dendrites on these cells (83) were standard in appearance but they could be separated into two …

The Incidence Of Postoperative Retching And Vomiting In The Adult Patient Undergoing Abdominal Surgery Following Intraoperative Administration Of Droperidol, Gary L. Miller

Theses and Dissertations

The complication of postoperative nausea and vomiting is still one of the most common today. The potential for secondary complications associated with retching and vomiting such as aspiration pneumonitis strain of suture line with possible hemorrhage, and potential fluid and electrolyte imbalance makes prevention of retching and vomiting a primary concern in the management of the postoperative patient.

The use of antiemetic drugs to prevent or control postoperative nausea and vomiting is a long-standing practice. Droperidol, an antiemetic, routinely used since being introduced in 1963, has been found to be successful in treating postoperative nausea and vomiting. This study examines …

Alterations In Blood-Brain Barrier Function Following Acute Hypertension: Comparison Of The Blood-To-Brain Transfer Of Horseradish Peroxidase With That Of Alpha-Aminoisobutyric Acid, Mary Draper Bennett Ellison

Theses and Dissertations

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) selectively restricts the blood-to-brain passage of many solutes owing to unique properties of cerebrovascular endothelial cell membranes. This selective blood/brain interface participates in the maintenance of brain homeostasis by controlling nutrient, gas, and fluid exchange necessary for brain function. Normal BBB function can be altered under various pathological and experimental conditions, allowing the transfer into brain parenchyma of blood-borne solutes normally excluded. To date, experimental study of the BBB has been accomplished primarily through the use of two different methodological approaches. Some investigators have focused on the barrier's morphological correlates and its morphopathological alteration under various …

The Effects Of Needle Play On Pre-School Children's Anxiety Concerning Injections, Michelle Anne Belyea

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of needle play in reducing pre-school children's anxiety concerning injections. The Pre-school Observational Scale of Anxiety was used to measure the degree of anxiety experienced by the children. The hypothesis stated that there would be a significant decrease in anxiety of pre-school children who participated in needle play as compared with the anxiety scores of pre-school children who did not participate in needle play.The sample consisted of 20 pre-school children who were receiving routine health care and injections for immunizations or PPDs (purified protein derivative) at a county health department …

Adult Age Differences In Recall And Reading Times For Prose, Dee Rene Ramsel

Theses and Dissertations

One strategy used by good college-age readers is to spend additional time viewing or reading information which is relevant to their goals or purpose in reading. Additional viewing time of goal-relevant information then presumably leads to superior retention of this information, at the expense of information which is irrelevant to the reader's goals. One way to detect different strategies used by younger and older readers is to measure how much viewing time readers allot to goal-relevant information and how much of this information is recalled. Relevant information can be designated as that material which contains answers to previously-memorized questions or …

The Effect Of Social Support On The Blood Pressure Of Mild And Moderate Hypertensives, Edith Price Vaughan

Theses and Dissertations

The study was conducted to determine the relationship between social support and the blood pressure of mild and moderate hypertensives. Motivation for the study was derived from the growing realization that the social support of an individual has a far-reaching effect on illness and health and that little research has been done concerning the specific effect that social support has on blood pressure.

The Norbeck Social Support Questionnaire (NSSQ) was administered to a convenience sample of 30 subjects selected from among the hypertensive clients of the Family Practice Clinic and General Medical Clinic located in the Peninsula Health Center. The …

The Incidence Of Obesity In Lds College Women: The Effect Of Selected Physical Socio-Environmental Variables On Total Percent Body Fat In Two Populations Of Lds Women, Carrie Tanner Summers

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of selected physical socio-environmental variables on total percent body fat. The sample population consisted of single, LDS, white women attending Brigham Young University (BYU) and California State University at Fullerton (CSUF). Significant data as well as trends that appeared were included in this paper.

From the data collected, it was concluded that the sample populations at BYU and CSUF were the same. The incidence of obesity was determined only among individuals attending both universities. The entire sample population mean was 22.19 percent. This percentage did not meet the obesity criteria. …

Firo-B Profiles Of Physical Therapy Students And Their Performances In Clinical Education, Nora Donohue

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this research was to determine if there was a relationship between physical therapy students' personalities and their preferences in clinical education. Associated problems addressed by the research were to determine if there were differences in personality measures between the physical therapy students as well as differences from one another in how they rank ordered a list of clinical education methods and behaviors.

Thirty-four senior physical therapy students who had completed the academic and clinical requirements of the curriculum rank ordered a list of twenty clinical education methods and behaviors which was compiled from factors cited in the …

The Relationship Between Oral Contraceptives And Intraepithelial Neoplasia Of The Uterine Cervix, Barbara Jeannette Fox

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between specific oral contraceptive use and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), and to determine if duration of use and content of oral contraceptives were related to CIN. The hypotheses tested in this study were: (1) norgestrel-containing oral contraceptives are associated with more severe levels of CIN, and (2) longer duration of oral contraceptive use is associated with more severe CIN.

Data was collected from 52 clinical records of clients who attended a colposcopy clinic during a four month period. Clients included in the study were utilizing one of five specific oral …

Interactions Between Murine Peritoneal Macrophages And Naegleria Fowleri, Leigh Ann Belcher

Theses and Dissertations

In the present study, we have examined the differences among Corynebacterium parvum-activated, thioglycollate-elicited, and resident macrophages from (C57BL/6 X C3H)F1 mice utilizing two microcytotoxicity assays. Macrophage and Naegleria fowleri were interchangeably employed as effector and target cells. To assess the ability of the macrophage to lyse N. fowleri, the amoebae were labeled with 5 μCi of 3H-uridine per 5 x 10^5 cells for 18 h prior to co-culturing with adherent macrophage monolayers. Although the macrophage-induced lysis was density and time dependent, C. parvum macrophages consistently demonstrated an increased cytotoxic response to N. fowleri after 24 h co-incubation at a 10:1 …

Synthesis Of Mesoionic Nucleosides As Potential Antineoplastic Agents, Shanaz Mohammedali Tejani

Theses and Dissertations

During the past few decades, analogs of purine nucleosides have been described that are modified either in the heterocyclic base, sugar moiety or both, and many of these modified nucleosides display antiviral and/or antineoplastic activity. The Class II mesoionic purinones are isosteric with their non~mesoionic purinone counterparts. It is conceivable that the mesoionic purinone nucleosides might constitute an entirely novel class of modified nucleosides with potential chemotherapeutic activity. That the mesoionic heterobases are bioisosteric as well as isosteric with non-mesoionic purinones was realized by demonstrating that certain mesoionic xanthine derivatives, such as Anhydro-8-ethylw-5-hydroxy-7-oxo-l,3,4-thiadiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidinium hydroxide and Anhydro-6-p-chlorobenzyl-8-ethyl-5-hydroxy-7-oxo—l,3,4—thiadiazolo [3,2-a]pyrimidinium hydroxide were comparable …

The Relationship Of Sex Role Self Concept And Role Conflict In Female Nursing Administrators, Charlotte B. Hoelzel

Theses and Dissertations

This study investigated the relationship between the sex role self concept of female nursing administrators and the role conflict they experienced. The correlation of age. education and experience with sex role self concept and role conflict was examined. This was a descriptive survey with a purposive probability sample of 126 subjects from three mid-Atlantic states. A mail survey resulted in a useful return of 88 questionnaires, including 81 females.

The Bem Sex Role Inventory was utilized to measure sex role self concept; masculinity and femininity are viewed as two independent dimensions present in every individual. Role conflict was measured by …

Translation Of The Tibia During Isometric Contraction Of The Quadriceps, Charles V. Connors

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to determine in normal knees, and in knees with anterior cruciate ligament absence, what effect maximal voluntary isometric contraction of the quadriceps has on translation of the tibia on the femur. Ten subjects with bilaterally normal knees, and nine subjects with one normal knee and the contralateral knee having an arthroscopic finding of absent anterior cruciate ligament were tested. Tibial translation was measured with a dial indicator at 15, 45 and 60 degrees of knee flexion. There was a measurable anterior translation of the tibia in all knees. An analysis of variance with post …

Differences In The Maternal Feeding Choice And The Perceived Locus Of Control, Glenda E. Stephan

Theses and Dissertations

The research question for this descriptive investigation was: Does a difference exist between the maternal feeding choice and the perceived locus of control? The investigation was conducted from September 15, 1982 until October 29, 1982 in a privately owned community hospital in Southeastern United States. Two randomly selected days per week were used for data collection.

The sample consisted of fifty Caucasian women between the ages of eighteen and thirty-four who had delivered a normal, viable, and stable infant within the past twenty-four to seventy-two hours. The sample consisted of twenty-six breast feeding and twenty-four formula feeding women.

The subjects …

Distribution Of Imipramine, Desipramine And Their Principal Metabolites Between Plasma, Red Blood Cells And Brain In Humans And Animal Models, Stuart Chapman Bogema Jr.

Theses and Dissertations

An HPLC prodecure was developed for the simultaneous measurement of imipramine (IMP), desipramine (DMI), desmethyl desipramine (DMD), 2-hydroxyimipramine (2HI) and 2-hydroxydesipramine (2HD) in human, rat and rabbit blood and brain specimens. The HPLC results were validated by comparison to an established GC-MS method.

DMD is a minor metabolite of IMP and DMD in humans. 2HI is a minor metabolite of IMP in most humans. 2HD reaches appreciable concentrations in blood in humans treated with DMI and IMP. Plasma and RBC concentrations of IMP and DMI were compared to improvement in depression in patients treated with IMP. No good correlation was …

An Assessment Of The Perception Of Phonetic Ambiguities In 4 And 5 Year Olds, Elizabeth A. Carter

Theses and Dissertations

The question of how humans clearly perceive speech, which is anything but clear when analyzed acoustically, has prompted researchers to look at the phenomenon of phonetic ambiguity. In adults, phonetic ambiguity perception has been shown to be aided by the listener using expectations due to the saliency (i.e., familiarity of the ambiguous word or phrase) and to pre-exposure (i.e., priming) to the items prior to testing. Priming makes the subject aware of the alternative (i.e., unfamiliar or rare) member of a phonetic ambiguity pair. In the present study, thirty-two 4 and 5 year olds were exposed to a tape containing …

Relaxation Therapy As An Adjunct Strategy For The Treatment Of Bronchial Asthma: An Examination Of Pertinent Psychological And Illness Variables, Robert Joseph Marcello

Theses and Dissertations

Bronchial asthma is described as a relatively common and heterogeneous disorder. The complexity of the pathophysiological process and the myriad of etiological and precipitating factors are discussed. Such factors include: heredity, allergies, and psychological precipitants. The position is taken that regardless of what caused the initial onset of symptoms, psychological factors may contribute to the intractability and severity of the disorder. The utility of Behavior Therapy Techniques such as: Relaxation Therapy, Biofeedback- Assisted Relaxation Therapy, and Systematic Desensitization; as adjunct strategies for the treatment of bronchial asthma is discussed. It is concluded that while each of these arousal reducing strategies …

Prepared Childbirth Couple's Prenatal Expectations, Labor Coach's Supportstyle And Effect On The Couple's Postpartal Perceptions And Satisfaction, Shelley Flippen Conroy

Theses and Dissertations

This descriptive study explored the congruency between the Prepared Childbirth couple's planned antenatal coaching support style and the observed coaching support style and the couple's postpartal perceptions of the coaching support style. Also explored were the relationship of coach's support style and the degree of the couple's postpartal satisfaction with the childbirth experience. A rrodified version of Campbell's Antenatal Questionnaire and Postpartal Questionnaire (1980) and Standley and Anderson's Naturalistic Observation Fonn were utilized for this study and administered to 10 Prepared Childbirth couples for labor observation and detennination of coaches' support styles. The researcher was not able to observe two …

Health Risk Appraisal And Health Promotion Behavior In Young Adults, Diane L. Hanna

Theses and Dissertations

Health Risk Appriaisal (HRA) is gaining widespread popularity as a health promotion strategy. Yet there are limited studies to date to assess the impact of HRA on health behavior, particularly among young populations. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effectiveness of individual HRA results as a stimulus for young adults to pursue health promoting behavior. It was hypothesized that young adults exposed to the results of their personal HRA would demonstrate a significantly higher health habits change score than would young adults given the HRA, but not exposed to its results.

A pretest-posttest, control group design was …

The Influence Of Assertiveness Characteristics Of Raters On Perceived Assertiveness In Others, Elise Heffelfinger Labe Sloan

Theses and Dissertations

The present study examined the perceptions of assertiveness, limited to the situation of ability to refuse requests, by assertive and nonassertive subjects as they rated assertive and nonassertive encoders. Gender differences were also assessed. Subjects were 40 Caucasion male and female undergraduate General Psychology students at a large urban university. Within each gender group there were 10 high-assertive and 10 low-assertive subjects as determined by their scores on the second part of the Conflict Resolution Inventory. The subjects rated videotaped assertive and unassertive encoders on an attractiveness scale, assertiveness scale, and on the Impact Message Inventory, (an interpersonal assessment instrument). …

Supramedullary Afferents To The Nucleus Raphe Magnus In The Rat: A Study Using Transcannula Hrp-Gel And Autoradiography Techniques, Susan Mary Carlton

Theses and Dissertations

The nucleus raphe magnus (NRM) is known to play an important role in a descending antinociceptive system through its projections to the spinal cord dorsal horn and trigeminal subnucleus caudalis. Identifying those nuclei which project to NRM is essential in determining other CNS cell groups which could influence analgesic mechanisms by virtue of their connections with NRM.

In an attempt to define NRM afferents, 19 adult Sprague-Dawley rats were stereotaxically implanted with a pellet of HRP gel within NRM and in adjacent areas. A transcannula technique was specifically developed for the subcortical placement of HRP in a gel form. Use …

Synthesis Of 3-(Substituted-Aryl)-1,2,3,4-Oxatriazolium-5-Olates As Potential Hypotensive Agents, Mary Quinn Lund

Theses and Dissertations

Hypertension or high blood pressure is a major cause of illness and death in the United States today.^1,2 An estimated thirty-six million people suffer from this disease.³ Prolonged hypertension and its attendant strain on various organs may cause heart failure, brain stroke or kidney damage.⁴ Usually, a pressure of 140/90 mm Hg is taken to be the dividing line between normotension and hypertension.^5,6

The hypertensive condition is generally characterized as either primary (essential) hypertension or secondary hypertension.¹ A specific cause can be identified in secondary hypertensive patients, such as, pheochromocytoma or adrenal tumor. These causes …

Postmortem Stability Of Drugs In Blood And Tissues, Barry Steven Levine

Theses and Dissertations

The delay that occurs between specimen acquisition and analysis in clinical and forensic toxicology requires the establishment that no changes in drug concentration have occurred during this timed interval. In this research, severai groups of common drugs were examined for stability in serum, blood and tissues at room temperature and at 4°C. Specifically, benzodiazepines, barbiturates, lidocaine, procainamide and nortriptyline were studied. Decreases were found in the following drugs: chlordiazepoxide, norchlordiazepoxide, demoxepam, and nitrazepam. No changes were found in the other drugs. More detailed work was performed on chlordiazepoxide (CDP). Two breakdown products, demoxepam and nordiazepam (ND) were identified and quantitated. …

Temperature Recordings In Neonates, Linda Marie Hestvik

Theses and Dissertations

Summary

The purposes of this ex post facto research study were to answer the following questions:

1. What is the length of time required for glass thermometers to register the temperature in neonates at the rectal and axillary sites?

2. Do significant differences exist between simultaneous axillary and rectal temperature recordings in neonates?

3. What is the relationship between axillary and rectal temperature recordings at specified time intervals in neonates?

A sample of 30, full-term neonates was obtained from the Newborn Nursery of a large teaching hospital in the Middle Atlantic region. All participants were over 24 hours of age …

An Investigation Of Central Nervous System Conduction Properties In Diabetes Mellitus Using Brainstem Auditory And Somatosensory Evoked Potentials, Randy L. Anderson

Theses and Dissertations

In this study brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEPs), median nerve conduction velocities (CV) and early somatosensory evoked potentials ( SEPs), were employed as indices of neural conduction properties in a group of young insulin dependent diabetics (five males and five females) and a group of nondiabetic controls (five males and five females). The median nerve CV was determined from 64 summated nerve responses recorded at the elbow. The nerve was stimulated at the wrist using 0.2 msec square wave electrical pulses. The SEP was recorded from scalp electrodes using the same median nerve stimulation technique as for the CV measure. …

The Relationship Between Type A Coronary-Prone Behavior Pattern, Achievement, And Life Satisfaction, Larraine A. Felland

Theses and Dissertations

This study examined the relationship between Type A coronary-prone behavior pattern, academic achievement and life satisfaction. The subjects were 87 undergraduates selected for their extreme scores on the Jenkins Activity Survey, Form T. There were 41 Type As and 46 Type Bs. Along with the Jenkins Activity Survey, Form T the participants were administered a life satisfaction survey similar to Soper's (1979) and their official academic gradepoint average was obtained from the Academic Records office. A point-biserial correlation indicated that there was a significant (p

The various relationships and their possible explanations and indications were discussed in depth. Significance of …

Synthesis And Biological Evaluation Of Sparsomycin Analogues, Scherer Preston Sanders

Theses and Dissertations

In 1962, Owen, Dietz, and Camiener reported the isolation of a new antitumor antibiotic from the culture filtrate of Streptomyces sparsogenes. The structure of the crystalline antibiotic, named sparsomycin, remained elusive until 1970, when Wiley and MacKellar reported results of spectroscopic and degradation studies which elucidated the structure. In addition to the molecular structure, investigators have examined the mechanism of action, toxicity, and related analogues, striving to establish sparsomycin or a synthetic analogue's usefulness as an effective chemotherapeutic agent.

The initial pharmacological evaluation of sparsomycin revealed it possessed activity against KB human epidermoid carcinoma cells, a variety of gram-negative and …