Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Predictors Of New Vaccine Introduction In Nigeria, Omotayo Giwa

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

No abstract provided.

Evaluating Clinical Practice Guidelines For Managing Missed Appointments And Patient Re-Engagement In An Outpatient Mental Health Clinic, Agnes Limunga Jackai

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

No abstract provided.

A Survey Of Health Professions Learners’ Attitudes Towards Social Media In Medical Education: A Substance Use Disorders Education Case Study, Gregory A. Jaffe, Sarah Lawson, William Leach, Mallika Kodavatiganti, Erin Avanzato, Katherine Fesperman, Heather Klusaritz

Department of Family & Community Medicine Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Social media is a ubiquitous part of the modern world and plays a key role in the dissemination of information. While utilizing social media for educational purposes has been repeatedly demonstrated as feasible, it has been underutilized in medical education and remains a critical opportunity to integrate microlearning and stigma reduction curricula.

METHODS: A cross-sectional survey on social media usage, attitudes, and beliefs was sent to medical and nursing students at two large academic institutions within Philadelphia. Descriptive statistics are reported, and non-parametric tests were utilized for exploratory analyses.

RESULTS: Health learners were low consumers of social media, reporting …

A Tactile Trans-Flexor Carpi Radialis Surface Landmark Technique For Median Nerve Local Injection: A Cadaveric Study, Clark Chen, Keenan Sobol, Connor Hickey, Duncan Vannest, John Ibrahim, James Raphael

Einstein Health Papers

PURPOSE: Median nerve (MN) block under local anesthesia at the wrist is commonly performed but can be limited by anatomic variation, particularly absence of the palmaris longus tendon. This study investigates a novel trans-flexor carpi radialis (trans-FCR) technique for MN anesthesia that uses the flexor carpi radialis (FCR) tendon as a consistent surface landmark.

METHODS: Fourteen fresh frozen upper extremity cadaver specimens were used. A 25-gauge needle was inserted through the FCR sheath approximately 4 cm proximal to the wrist crease in a transverse fashion, angled approximately 0° to the vertical and parallel to the wrist crease. The trans-FCR technique …

A Lifecycle Governance And Learning Health System Framework For Trustworthy, Generalizable, And Sustainable Human-Ai Partnership In Clinical Practice: Lessons From The Asthma-Guidance And Prediction System (A-Gps), Chung-Il Wi, Shauna Overgaard, Momin Malik, Dave Watson, Deepak Sharma, Jennifer Le-Rademacher, Dan Kelleher, Lu Zheng, Joshua Ohde, Brian Lynch, Ashwani Khurana, Sunghwan Sohn, Mahmoud M Aljuhani, Chris Carpenter, Manuel Arteta, Jason Greenwood, Martha Hartz, Randy Foss, Elif Polat, Imad Absah, Carla Davis, Meera Gupta, Lynnea Myers, Björn Nordlund, Cui Tao, Mark L Wieland, Christi Patten, Amie Jones, Prathibha Varkey, Brenna T Loufek, David E Vidal, Nari Gopala, Eric Klee, Vijay H Shah, John D Halamka, Matthew R Callstrom, Nicholas L Rider, Hongfang Liu, Constantin Aliferis, Vesna D Garovic, Young J Juhn

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into clinical decision support (CDS) holds promise for proactive, personalized, and precision care. However, current understanding of how to establish trustworthy human-AI partnerships is in its infancy, despite its critical importance for implementing AI in healthcare. We present the Asthma-Guidance and Prediction System (A-GPS) as a case study of a practice-integrated AI platform that demonstrates how trustworthy, generalizable and sustainable AI can be developed, evaluated, and implemented in real-world asthma care. We describe major challenges and solutions based on our real-world experience during the process and offer the practical framework, approaches, tools and workflow …

Robust Magnetoelectric Backscatter Communication System For Bioelectronic Implants, Fatima Alrashdan, Joshua E Woods, Ellie C Chen, Wendy Tan, Zhanghao Yu, Wei Wang, Mathews John, Lukas Jaworski, Drew Bernard, Allison Post, Angel Moctezuma-Ramirez, Abdelmotagaly Elgalad, Kaiyuan Yang, Mehdi Razavi, Jacob T Robinson

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Wireless communication technologies for bioelectronic implants enable remote monitoring for diagnosis and adaptive therapeutic intervention without the constraints of wired connections. However, wireless data uplink from millimeter-scale devices deep in the body struggles to achieve low power consumption while maintaining large misalignment tolerances. Here, we report a passive wireless backscatter communication system based on magnetoelectric transducers that consumes less than 0.3 pJ/bit and achieves less than 1E-6 bit error rate at a distance of 55 mm while tolerating a misalignment of 10 mm. Using this robust data uplink, we designed a wireless cardiac sensing node that can transmit electrocardiogram signals …

Reducing Unnecessary Cancellations In Interventional Radiology Procedures, Rose Tarantino

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

No abstract provided.

Improving Medication Literacy In Older Adults With Chronic Kidney Disease Through Nurse-Led Education, Markesia R. Forward

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

No abstract provided.

Staff Education To Enhance Home Care Staff Knowledge, Competence, And Confidence In End -Of-Life Communication, Pamela Rene Stubbs-Price

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

No abstract provided.

Staff Education To Improve Psychiatric Nurses’ Knowledge On The Identification And Management Of Malignant Hyperthermia After Electroconvulsive Therapy, Grace Nwawuihe

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

No abstract provided.

Assessment And Mitigation Of Covid-19 Occupational Hazards Among Small Businesses In A High-Risk Community, Sadie H Conway, Denise Vasquez, Soyoung Kwon, Kristina D Mena, Louis D Brown, Janelle Rios

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose –: This project explored COVID-19 workplace hazards and factors influencing the implementation of risk mitigation approaches among small businesses in a high-risk community.

Design/methodology/approach –: Using a novel framework, data were collected from 90 workplaces through site visits and consultations with at least one owner, manager or supervisor ("employer") and at least one non-managerial staff member ("employee"). A risk assessment and mitigation plan were prepared based on site-specific hazards; later, a follow-up visit assessed whether recommendations had been implemented and factors influencing these decisions.

Findings –: A total of 84 businesses (93.3%) implemented at least one recommendation, citing ease …

Wnt-Dependent Ontogeny Of Acellular Cementum-Forming Cementoblasts On The Tooth Root Surface, Taishi Komori, Mizuki Nagata, Natnicha Praneetpong, Hanwen Fan, Yuxiao Zhou, Noriaki Ono, Wanida Ono

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Cementum is a specialized mineralized tissue that covers the tooth root surface and anchors the tooth to the surrounding periodontal ligament. The cervical acellular cementum (AC) is indispensable for periodontal attachment and represents a key target for periodontal regenerative therapies. However, the developmental origin and molecular identity of AC-forming cementoblasts remain poorly understood. Here, through an integrated spatial and single-cell transcriptomic analysis, we identify AC-forming cementoblasts as a distinct population of noncanonical mineralizing cells enriched for cell-matrix organization and Wnt signaling signatures, distinguishing them from cellular cementum-forming cementoblasts localized in the apical portion. Lineage tracing using a Wnt inhibitory factor …

Exploring Virtual Nurse Perceptions Of Caring Through Acute Care Teleconferencing, Monika Lu

Doctoral Projects

Virtual nursing programs have emerged as innovative solutions to address hospital operational challenges and workforce shortages. However, concerns remain about the potential for decreased human connection in telehealth environments. Limited evidence exists regarding virtual nurses’ perceptions of caring behaviors and their ability to develop therapeutic relationships through teleconferencing technology. Purpose: This exploratory study examined virtual nurses’ (ViRNs) perceptions of caring and identified strategies for fostering patient relationships in telehealth settings. Methods: A mixed-methods custom survey was distributed to 25 eligible ViRNs at Stanford Health Care, with 19 respondents (76% response rate). ViRN caring perceptions were measured quantitatively using a 5-point …

Selective And Differential Roles Of Pvhcrh Neurotransmitters In Diet-Induced Obesity In Mice, Zhiying Jiang, Yuhan Cao, Michelle He, Cunjin Su, Runzhou Yang, Maojie Yang, Jing Cai, Hongli Li, Yuanzhong Xu, Shi-Bin Li, Hiroshi Yamaguchi, Luis De Lecea, Benjamin R Arenkiel, Qingchun Tong

The Brown Foundation: Institute of Molecular Medicine

Stress and diet are known to synergistically promote risks of obesity but the underlying neural basis remains elusive. Corticotropin-releasing hormone neurons in the paraventricular hypothalamus (PVHCRH) are stress responsive and release both CRH and glutamate. Here we generated a mouse model with gain or loss of release in CRH or glutamate from PVHCRH neurons. While these models showed no changes in body weight when fed chow, they exhibited contrasting effects when fed high-fat high-caloric diets (HFD). Whereas disrupting glutamate release from PVHCRH neurons led to diet-induced obesity (DIO), that of CRH caused no impact. Conversely, augmented CRH release led to …

Obesity Rise Plateaus In Developed Nations And Accelerates In Developing Nations, Ncdrf Collaboration, Bin Zhou, Nowell H. Phelps, Agnese Galeazzi, Olivia N. O’Driscoll, James E. Bennett, Lakshya Jain, Ysé D’Ailhaud De Brisis, Gladys E. Maestre, Jesus D. Melgarejo

School of Medicine Publications

Global reporting of obesity is commonly based on comparisons over multiple decades1 and lacks a granular and systematic analysis of its dynamics. We used 4,050 population-based studies with measured height and weight data on 232 million participants to assess the worldwide dynamics of obesity from 1980 to 2024. The rise in obesity decelerated in school-aged children and adolescents throughout the 1990s in many high-income countries, and subsequently plateaued in most at age-standardized prevalences spanning 20 percentage points, from 3–4% for girls in Japan, Denmark and France to 23% for boys in the USA. There were indications of a small …

Abl Kinases Regulate Fgf Signaling Independent Of Crk Phosphorylation To Prevent Peters Anomaly Type Ii, Hao Wu, Yingyu Mao, Qian Wang, Honglian Yu, Michael Bouaziz, Neoklis Makrides, Enpeng Wang, Zhipeng Ding, Anthony J Koleske, Glenn L Radice, Jerry Hsu, Xin Zhang

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Peters anomaly is an anterior segment dysgenesis and a leading cause of congenital corneal opacity. Here, we show that loss of ABL kinases restores lens induction in the absence of FGF signaling but induces Peters anomaly type II independently of ERK signaling, a phenotype also observed with elevated FGF-Ras activity. This defect is rescued by allelic deletion of the ABL substrates CRK and CRKL. Contrary to prevailing models, ABL kinases do not act through direct phosphorylation of CRK proteins; instead, they phosphorylate PTPN12, suppressing p130CAS phosphorylation and CRK recruitment required for RHO GTPase activation. ABL kinase deficiency reduces actomyosin contractility …

Hierarchical Small Molecule Inhibition Of Myst Acetyltransferases, Xuemin Chen, Alexandra Castroverde, Minervo Perez, Ronald Holewinski, Kiall F Suazo, Rashmi Karki, Thorkell Andresson, Benjamin A Garcia, Jordan L Meier

2020-Current year OA Pubs

MYST lysine acetyltransferases (KATs) are a class of epigenetic enzymes critical for cellular function that constitute an emerging therapeutic target in cancer. Recently, several drug-like MYST inhibitors have been reported that show promise in preclinical models as well as in clinical trials of breast cancer. Understanding the specificity of these molecules is critical for their effective use as chemical probes. Here we apply an integrated profiling strategy to systematically define the potency and selectivity of drug-like MYST KAT inhibitors. First, we use optimized chemoproteomic profiling and histone acetylation biormarkers to study the industry-developed KAT inhibitor PF-9363. This reveals dose-dependent engagement …

A Study Of Descriptive Values Of Echocardiography In Unanesthetized Syrian Hamsters, Kasidit Ladkhoksung, Nattapart Lerdkarnvijai, Thanakorn Ngamsawat, Napassorn Napassorn, Suphisara Chantharadech, Pattharat Asvaesoontorn, Thawat Lekdumrongsak, Sirilak Surachetpong

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The Syrian hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) is the most commonly presented hamster species in veterinary practice, yet descriptive echocardiographic values remain limited, particularly under conscious conditions. This study aimed to establish normal two-dimensional, M-mode, and Doppler echocardiographic values in healthy conscious Syrian hamsters and to evaluate the influence of age, body weight, and sex on cardiac parameters. Forty Syrian hamsters (27 males and 12 females; one excluded) underwent physical examination, thoracic radiography, and echocardiography. Age and body weight were recorded. Echocardiographic parameters were analyzed for their distribution and correlation with age and body weight. All echocardiographic parameters demonstrated a …

Assessment Of Platelet Activation In Dogs With Naturally Occurring Acute Pancreatitis, Guhyun Kwon, Seulgi Bae

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Recent studies have demonstrated that platelets are crucial in inflammation and immune responses. Alteration in platelet activity impact morbidity and survival due to the formation of intravascular clots or bleeding resulting from impaired platelet function. Aiming to evaluate changes in platelet activity in dogs with naturally occurring acute pancreatitis (AP), we identified differences in quantitative and morphological platelet indices, as well as the ratio of platelets expressing P-selectin on their surface (activated platelet ratio; APR) between dogs with naturally occurring AP and healthy dogs. The study included 9 client-owned dogs with AP (the AP group) and 28 client-owned healthy dogs …

Dissociation Between Physical Reasoning And Tool Use In Individuals With Left Hemisphere Brain Damage, Shuchen Liu, Seda Karakose-Akbiyik, Alfonso Caramazza, Filipa Dourado Sotero, Laurel J. Buxbaum, Aaron L. Wong

Moss-Magee Rehabilitation Papers

Tool use and physical reasoning are often assumed to rely on shared cognitive and neural mechanisms. At some level, this correspondence is expected: using an object typically requires understanding its physical properties. However, both capacities are complex and multicomponential, so the relationship between them may vary across levels of representation and task demands. Here, we asked whether third-person physical reasoning about object dynamics can dissociate from tool use (i.e., performing a tool's typical action) in individuals with left-hemisphere stroke. We tested 11 patients, five of whom showed impairments in tool use. Physical reasoning was assessed using a novel collection of …

Fall Prevention In A Medical Intermediate Care Unit (Mimu) Through Use Of A Collaborative Fall Bundle, Sara M. Jose

Doctor of Nursing Practice Final Project Abstract

PURPOSE

This DNP project focused on reducing the fall rate in a medical intermediate care unit by half, from 1.81 falls per 1000 patient days to 0.91 falls per 1000 patient days.

BACKGROUND

The number of patient falls poses a significant concern in a medical intermediate care unit. The fall rate goal is zero.

METHODOLOGY

The Collaborative Fall Bundle includes implementing the Fall TIPS Toolkit, an 11 x 17 bedside poster informing patients and staff of their fall risk factors and interventions to counteract; an alarm buddy system pairing two nurses to answer each other's call lights and assist with …

Implementing A Mindfulness Mobile Application, Smiling Mind To Reduce Stress Experienced By Inpatient Psychiatric Nurses, Justin Ruiz, Emma Mowery

Doctor of Nursing Practice Final Project Abstract

Purpose

To investigate the impact of implementing the use of the Smiling Mind app (a free and easily accessible mobile application that teaches mindfulness skills) among inpatient psychiatric nurses. The aims were to see a 20% reduction in Perceived Stress and improved Workplace Satisfaction after 10 weeks.

Background

Stressors experienced at work by inpatient psychiatric nurses include patient acuity, emotional demands, environmental factors, and policy implementation. Unmanaged stress can disrupt a nurse's work-life and harm the quality of care provided to patients.

Methodology

Using a pre-post implementation design, 7-day shift and 10-night shift nurses used the Smiling Mind app for …

Getting To The Heart Of The Problem: Blood Pressure Management Through Medication Adherence, Mallory G. Livengood

Evidence-Based Practice Project Reports

Clinical hypertension affects one in four adults globally, making it the most common chronic condition. Despite its widespread impact, hypertension can be prevented, as it represents the most modifiable risk factor in preventing cardiovascular disease. The primary purpose of this evidence-based project was to determine whether a one-month follow-up with a healthcare provider improved medication adherence through enhanced hypertension management. Twelve eligible participants were selected from a primary clinic located in Northwest Indiana, based on their newly initiated anti-hypertensive medications or who required a medication adjustment due to poor hypertension management. Each participant’s preferred method of communication was noted, and …

Breastfeeding Promotion For Infants With Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (Nas), Olivia Czerwonka

Evidence-Based Practice Project Reports

Neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) is the exposure in utero to drugs with the incidence in the United States increasing from 4 to 6.3 per 1000 births (Wei et al., 2023). The purpose of this quality improvement project was to implement a breastfeeding support intervention to increase breastfeeding frequency and reduce hospital length of stay of newborns with NAS. A tailored multicomponent guideline based upon the current Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding as established by WHO and UNICEF (2017) was implemented. Mothers of infants diagnosed with NAS were recruited using convenience sampling from a Northwest Indiana Hospital. Key stakeholders within the …

Incorporating The Use Of Puppets And Puppetry-Based Approaches In Nutrition: A Scoping Review Of Interventions, Basil H. Aboul-Enein, Nada Benajiba, Majd Jan, Sarah Ali Alasmari, Patricia J. Kelly, Stephen F. Gambescia, Elizabeth Dodge

College of Nursing Faculty Papers & Presentations

Puppetry-based activities could serve as a low cost and manageable intervention in improving health-related outcomes. This review aims to identify the research to date and gaps in practice of the role and application of puppetry interventions in nutrition education. A scoping review was conducted using the PICOS framework and PRISMA-ScR guidelines, identifying studies across eight databases between January, 1980 and July, 2025.Twenty-five studies were identified, with the majority (n = 19) aimed at pre-school and school-aged children. Fifteen studies used quasi-experimental, pre-post designs. The use of hand and finger puppets was common, as well as videos and puppet theatre. …

Frailty Is A Predictor Of Inpatient Mortality And Unplanned Icu Admission Following Early Fixation Of Intertrochanteric Fractures., Victor Koltenyuk, Jared Sasaki, Nithin Gupta, Zachary Chanmin, Ruby G Patel, Taylor Manes, Jack W Weick

Surgery Articles

Purpose: This study sought to examine the role of frailty in predicting inpatient mortality following early surgical fixation of intertrochanteric (IT) fractures.

Methods: The ACS-TQIP (2017-21) database was queried for patients with intertrochanteric fractures undergoing surgical fixation within 48 h. Frailty status was determined using the 5-item modified frailty index (mFI-5) (0 = nonfrail, 1 = prefrail, and, 2 = frail, and > 2 = severely frail). The primary end point was inpatient mortality. Secondary end points were unplanned ICU admission and thromboembolic events (DVT or PE). Significance was considered a p-value < 0.05.

Results: Frailty, as determined by the mFI-5, was …

Two-Year Retrospective Evaluation Of Frailty To Optimize Postoperative Spinal Fusion Outcomes In Adults Aged 65 And Older, Sheri Loo

Doctoral Projects

Many older adults over the age of 65 have both spinal stenosis requiring spinal fusion surgery and frailty. As life expectancy has increased, many older individuals will undergo elective spinal fusion surgery to decrease their chronic pain in pursuit of improved quality of life. There is currently an underutilization of frailty screening for risk stratification of postoperative complications. A retrospective chart review over a two-year period from July 2023 to June 2025of adults aged 65 and older who underwent posterior spinal fusion surgery, involving 126 participants, was completed. We assessed the correlation between frailty and postoperative outcomes, discharge disposition, and …

Leveraging Mobile Health To Prevent Coronary Artery Disease Through Physical Activity Promotion Among Underserved Youth, Alina Yang, Jessh M. Mavoungou, Matthew C. Miller, Zarmina Amin, Zan Gao

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Coronary artery disease (CAD) develops earlier than often recognized, with underserved youth facing disproportionate cardiometabolic risk. Low participation in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (PA) is a key driver. This viewpoint explores how mobile health (mHealth) technologies can serve as tools to increase PA engagement among underserved youth, guided by a combined Self-Determination Theory and RE-AIM (Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance) framework. It highlights current barriers to mHealth adoption, limited cultural relevance, engagement challenges, and accessibility gaps, and presents key considerations for designing culturally informed, age-tailored, and youth-centered mHealth interventions. Overall, the paper calls for a more inclusive and targeted approach …

The Mediating Effect Of Physical Activity On Mental Health Among Sexual Minority Adolescents During Covid-19, You Fu, Ryan D. Burns, Hayley Almes, Xiangren Yi, Nora Constantino

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: Adolescents identifying as a sexual minority frequently experience mental health issues exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Physical activity (PA) has numerous benefits for mental health and emotional development. The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating effect of PA on the association between sexual minority status and mental health among adolescents during COVID-19. Methods: A sample of adolescents (grades 9-12) completed the online Adolescent Behaviors and Experiences Survey (ABES; N = 7677; 49.6% male) in 2021. The independent variable in this study was a recorded binary response item asking about sexual orientation. The dependent variable was a …

Evaluating The Impact Of A Standardized Intimate Partner Violence Screening Tool In A Clinical Setting, Dylan Bogucki

Evidence-Based Practice Project Reports

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is defined as any act of violence, including physical, sexual, stalking, or psychological aggression by an intimate partner, former or current. Despite being preventable, IPV remains a leading nonobstetric cause of morbidity and mortality among women, which highlights the need for systematic screening in clinical settings. The purpose of this quality improvement project is to identify women who have previously experienced or are currently experiencing IPV and to connect them with appropriate resources. Twenty-one studies were identified, all demonstrating moderate to high methodological quality and supporting the need for routine IPV screening in women’s health settings. …