Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Interaction Between Age And Fatigue On Antagonist Muscle Coactivation During An Acute Post-Fatigue Recovery Phase, Elizabeth Cafferty, Sara Harper, Brennan J. Thompson

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

PURPOSE: This study investigated the age-related changes in antagonist muscle coactivation of the biceps femoris (BF) during an acute recovery period following a leg extensor fatiguing protocol. METHODS: Twenty-three young (mean±SD: age=25.1±3.0 years) and twenty-three old men (age=71.5±3.9 years) participated. Surface electromyography (sEMG) was recorded from the BF muscles for antagonist muscle coactivation. Testing involved participants performing leg extension isometric maximal voluntary contractions (MVCs) and isokinetic MVCs at 240°·s-1 at baseline (Pre) and again after the fatigue protocol at 0 (Post0), 7 (Post7), 15 (Post15), and 30 (Post30) minutes post fatigue. Root mean square (RMS) values were computed …

10-Year Weight Change And Biological Aging In A Random Sample Of 3,059 U.S. Adults, Joshua Brockbank, Larry A. Tucker

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Telomeres play a key role in the protection of chromosomes. A good index of biological aging is the length of telomeres. Telomeres gradually shorten over time. Hence, they are strongly related to chronological age. Lifestyle is also an important factor influencing telomere length. PURPOSE: This investigation was designed to study the relationship between 10-yr weight change and leukocyte telomere length (LTL) in a large sample of 3,059 randomly selected U.S. adults, 35-70 years old. METHODS: NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) data were used with a cross-sectional design to determine the relationship between percent weight change and LTL. Percent …

Impacts Of A Novel Non-Stimulant-Based Ergogenic Supplement Blend On Maximal Oxygen Uptake And Time To Fatigue: A Pilot Study, Michiel P. Breen, Jason M. Cholewa, Steven B. Machek

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

CrossFit athletes are frequently subjected to high-intensity training sessions that demand commensurately robust muscular and cardiovascular endurance capacities. Despite the propensity of research investigating the role of aerobically-associated ergogenic aids, few have elucidated their combination in highly trained athletic populations. PURPOSE: to evaluate the preliminary efficacy of a novel supplement comprising several empirically-supported ingredients and their potential ability to impact the aerobic performance in experienced CrossFit athletes. METHODS: Six experienced CrossFit athletes (3M/3F; aged 41±13y; training 5±1 times/week) ingested 2.0mL daily of a novel supplement proprietary formulation (Flow, Cerus, Vero Bleach, FL) containing Beetroot (Beta Vulgaris), Ashwagandha (Withania Somnifera), Arjuna …

Snapping Triceps Syndrome: A Rare Cause Of Medial Elbow Pain, Dale Bongbong, Kevin Gilbert Ms, Kenneth Vitale Md, Fascm, Jennifer Tram Md

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

PURPOSE: Snapping medial triceps is a relatively rare cause of medial elbow pain that occurs when the tricep tendon dislocates over the medial or lateral epicondyle. Physical exams usually demonstrate intermittent medial elbow pain with extreme elbow flexion or extension, however dynamic diagnostic studies allow for direct visualization of the dislocating tricep. This case report adds to the sparse literature on snapping medial triceps. METHODS: We report a rare occurrence of snapping medial triceps in a young female who initially presented with pain at the posteromedial right elbow with extreme flexion and extension. Intermittent snapping of the medial elbow was …

Vigorous Physical Activity And The Length Of Telomeres Across Levels Of Bmi In 4,458 U.S. Adults, Christina M. Blackmon, Larry A. Tucker

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Telomere length is an index of cellular aging. Longer telomeres are predictive of longer life. Healthy lifestyles are associated with longer telomeres. PURPOSE: This study focused on the relationship between time spent in vigorous physical activity (PA) and leukocyte telomere length (LTL) in 4,458 randomly selected U.S. adults, 20-69 years old. METHODS: The association was studied using data collected as part of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and a cross-sectional design. Vigorous physical activity was indexed by calculating total time spent jogging or running per week (Jog/Run/Wk). Weekly jog/run time was calculated by multiplying days of jog/run …

Strength Training And Biological Aging: Telomere Evidence From A National Sample Of 4,813 U.S. Adults, Carson J. Bates, Larry A. Tucker

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Telomere length is an index of biological aging. As humans age, their telomeres become progressively shorter. Additionally, healthy lifestyle practices are associated with longer telomeres and unhealthy habits predict shorter telomeres. PURPOSE: This study evaluated the association between weekly time spent strength training (ST) and leukocyte telomere length (LTL) in 4,813 randomly selected U.S. adults, 20-69 years old. METHODS: Data collected as part of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) was employed to answer the research question using a cross-sectional design. The findings are generalizable to the U.S. adult population. Time spent ST per wk was calculated by …

The Effect Of Quercetin On Bone Turnover Markers, Inflammatory Markers, And Bone Mineral Density In Postmenopausal Women: A Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Investigation, Alyssa R. Bailly, Garrett M. Hester, Robert J. Buresh, Michaela M. Alesi, Jeremy B. Ducharme, Christine M. Mermier, Trisha A. Vandusseldorp

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Maintaining optimal bone health prevents major bone disorders (e.g., osteoporosis) and prolongs longevity. Quercetin is a plant-based flavonoid that is suggested to have anti-inflammatory effects and may improve bone health. PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of quercetin supplementation over 90-days on prominent bone turnover markers (BTMs), inflammatory markers, bone mineral density (BMD), body composition, and physical functioning in postmenopausal women. METHODS: Thirty-three healthy, nonosteoporotic, postmenopausal women (59.2±7.0 years) participated in a double-blind, placebo-controlled investigation. Participants were randomized into one of two supplement groups: 1) 500 mg of quercetin (QUE) once daily or 2) 500 mg of methylcellulose (placebo; …

Validity Of A Novel Sensor For Noninvasive Measurement Of Core Body Temperature In Humans During Exercise, Colin Atkins, Grace Handler, Casandra Mendez, Alvin Molina, Lauryn Outlaw, Matthew G. Becker, Matthew M. Schubert

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The measurement of core body temperature during exercise can be useful for athletic performance and the prevention of heat-related illness. Non-invasive sensors have been developed for the measurement of core body temperature, but more data on their validity and reliability is needed before they can be recommended for widespread adoption. PURPOSE: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate a noninvasive core temperature sensor (T_Core) during exercise compared to an ingestible thermistor (T_Pill). METHODS: Twenty men and women (25 ± 4 years) participated in this study. Participants completed 20 minutes of exercise at 60% age-predicted …

Handgrip, Pinch Grip, And Reaction Time Of Firefighters And Police Officers, Zarmina Amin, Galilea Gutierrez, Yangmi Kang, Larissa True

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Handgrip strength (HGS) and pinch grip strength are related to proper hand function. Quick and accurate reaction to stimuli is critical to perceptual-motor abilities. Firefighters (FF) and police officers (PO) are routinely involved in high-intensity emergency tasks that require HGS, pinch grip strength, and reaction time (RT). PURPOSE: The purpose was to examine differences in bimanual HGS, bimanual pinch grip strength, and dominant hand RT between FF and PO in the Southwest. METHODS: Anthropometric measures of the hand were taken. HGS was measured using a hand dynamometer. Tip, key and palmar pinch grip strength were measured using a …

Heart Rate Variability Threshold Evaluation During Arm And Leg Cycling, Kaylee Allen, Nicolas Clark, David H. Fukuda Ph.D.

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Background: The Heart Rate Variability Threshold (HRVT) is a point of deflection in heart rate variability assessed during incremental exercise to exhaustion. This threshold is thought to represent a shift in the autonomic balance. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate (HRVT) during arm (AC) and leg cycling (LC). Methods: There were twenty-three participants (age: 23.3±4.7 years; height: 168.6±7.5 cm; weight 66.8±8.9 kg). Participants completed two graded exercise tests, one for AC and one for LC on different days. They wore a heart rate monitor which recorded R-R intervals. The test performed was a graded exercise test to …

The Role Of Gut Health In Parkinson’S Disease: The Impact On Motor Symptoms And Fitness Levels, Kaylie Zapanta, E Todd Schroeder, Beth E. Fisher

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

While Parkinson’s disease (PD) has traditionally been considered a central nervous system disease, recent groundbreaking research argues that PD symptomology is influenced by gut microbiota alterations (dysbiosis).¹ People with PD suffer from dysbiosis,^2-6 and gut symptoms characteristic of dysbiosis, like constipation.^7,8 Given this evidence, strategies that improve gut health in PD are warranted. One possible strategy is exercise. In non-PD populations, fitness status is linked to gut health,^9-13 and exercise which increases fitness status improves the gut.^14-19 It is now known that exercise improves motor symptoms in PD,^20-23 but the gut may be a …

The Two-Dimensional Relationship Between Ground Reaction Force Vector And Knee Axis Of Rotation Reflect Knee Loading Deficits During Squatting Post-Aclr, Jiaqi Wang, Susan Sigward

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

PURPOSE

Individuals post-anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLr) perform reduced knee extensor moments (KEM) during squats by shifting weight to the non-surgical (NSx) limb ¹ or by shifting demands from the knee to hip ^1,2. These compensations occur without observable differences in joint angles by small adjustments in the center of pressure (COP). This makes them difficult to detect and may contribute to their persistence. Differences between limbs in COP position suggest that individuals adjust the relationship of the ground reaction force vector (GRFv) relative to the joint center to redistribute the loading demands in the surgical limb ³. …

Stimulated Muscle Contractions Regulate Membrane-Bound And Soluble Tlr4 To Prevent Lps-Induced Signaling And Myotube Atrophy In Skeletal Muscle Cells, Jeremy B. Ducharme, Zachary J. Fennel, Zachary J. Mckenna, Quint N. Berkemeier, Michael R. Deyhle

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) activation by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) contributes to chronic inflammation and causes upregulation of muscle atrophy signaling pathways. Exercise can suppress LPS/TLR4 axis activation by reducing the expression of TLR4 on immune cells. It is unknown how this regulation occurs, and it is not clear how exercise affects TLR4 on skeletal muscle. PURPOSE: To uncover the nature and mechanisms by which exercise affects TLR4 expression and intracellular signaling using cell culture models and human experiments. METHODS: C2C12 myotubes were subjected to electrical pulse stimulation (EPS) with and without subsequent treatment with 500 ng/mL lipopolysaccharide (LPS) along with …

Sex Differences In Hemodynamic Response To High Intensity Interval Exercise (Hiie), Leah N. Coe

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

There are sex differences in the cardiorespiratory and hemodynamic response to exercise due to inherent differences in heart size, blood volume, and hemoglobin mass that elicit a higher VO₂max in men versus women. These alterations in cardiac structure and function may mediate changes in VO₂max per the Fick Equation. However, existing data are inconclusive on whether sex differences in training responsiveness exist. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to investigate potential sex differences in the hemodynamic response to HIIE. If men and women reveal discrepant cardiovascular responses to HIIE, this may partially mediate sex differences …

Inter-Step Height Variation Of Stairways And Observations Of Fall-Related Events, Chayston B. Brown, Shandon Poulsen, Chris Dakin, Sara Harper, Tyson Barrett

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

INTRODUCTION: Variation in step height within a stairway could negatively impact safe stairway negotiation by decreasing step height predictability, and consequently, increasing stair users’ fall risk. Unfortunately, inter-stairway step height variability is common, particularly in older stairways, but its impact may be lessened by highlighting steps’ edges using high-contrast stripes on the top front edge of each step. Such contrast enhancement may draw greater attention to the steps’ edges and potentially enhance the precision of the edge’s estimated location. PURPOSE: To determine (1) if fall-related events are associated with greater inter-step height variation, and (2) if such fall-related events are …

The Impact Of Squat Velocity On Force, Power, And Muscle Activity, Kyle D. Puccini, James Baldonado, Bonnie Yee, Christie R. O'Hara

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The squat is a thoroughly examined movement pattern and commonly used in sport performance training protocols, rehabilitation programs, and recreational exercise. Previous research measuring absolute strength has shown hamstring muscle activity in a six-repetition max barbell back squats. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of varying squat velocities (25, 50, 75 deg/s) on force, power, and the activation of the quadricep and hamstring muscles. Using a single-blind randomized research design, we hypothesized that hamstring muscle activity will increase at faster squat velocities. Our secondary hypothesis is that peak power will occur at 50 deg/s and …

Impact Of Mask Wearing On Post-Exercise Hemodynamics, Payton J. Price, Zachary Zeigler, Luke Heikka, Adarius West, Sofia Harman, Anthony Acevedo

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

As the guidelines regarding COVID-19 regressed, many fitness centers established regulations requiring mask-wearing during exercise. Data suggest that the impact of a mask during exercise has minimal effects on exercise hemodynamics. The post-exercise period has been described as a window of opportunity to lower blood pressure, a phenomenon called post-exercise hypotension. The impact of wearing a mask on post-exercise hemodynamics is unknown. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of mask-wearing during exercise on post-exercise hemodynamics. METHODS: Nine total participants aged 18-30 yr were recruited for this experimental cross-over study. This within-subject design involved …

Muscle Mitochondrial Function At Different Phases Of The Menstrual Cycle, Brandon S. Pfeifer, Briell King, Erin Atkinson, Chad R. Hancock, Robert D. Hyldahl

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The effect of menstrual cycle (MC) phase on muscle recovery from damage has been studied using markers of strength and soreness, but remains inconclusive. Mitochondrial function is essential for muscle recovery, and has been found to be influenced by estradiol (E2). Understanding the relationship between MC phase and mitochondria can provide further insight into women’s muscle health. The PURPOSE of this study was to determine how MC phase affects markers of muscle damage and recovery, with emphasis on mitochondrial function, following electrically-stimulated muscle contractions. METHODS: 22 premenopausal females were recruited and split into two groups, early follicular (EF) and …

Exercise And Esr1 Control Mitochondrial Content And Function To Regulate Adiposity, Alice M. Ma, Nicole Lee Yang, Alexander R. Strumwasser, Zhenqi Zhou, Andrea L. Hevener

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Mechanisms that underlie adipose tissue remodeling to enhance metabolic health in response to exercise training remain inadequately understood. PURPOSE: We utilized mouse genetics and human GWAS to determine the impact of exercise training on mitochondrial DNA copy number, and interrogate the relationship between Esr1 and adipose tissue health. METHODS: We performed RNAseq on adipose tissue from 100 strains of inbred mice following exercise training and determined mitochondrial content by qPCR. We performed deep phenotyping of mice harboring conditional Esr1 overexpression selectively in adipose tissue. Adipose specific Esr1 overexpression and control mice were fed a high fat diet and …

“Cheating” In A Fast By Exercising After A Snack, Katelynn Hales, Landon Deru Ms, Mba, Atc, Bruce Bailey Phd, Facsm,, Hi'ilei Chan, Jake Moss

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

As the prevalence of chronic diseases has increased, research has emerged supporting the utility of intermittent fasting in managing certain health conditions. Despite potential benefits, adhering to a fasting regimen can be difficult. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was twofold. The first purpose was to describe how consuming a modest snack prior to exercise influences plasma glucose, beta-hydroxybutyrate and hunger in reference to fasting with and without exercise. The second purpose was to examine how exercising in a fasted state influences plasma glucose, beta-hydroxybutyrate and hunger. METHODS: A randomized crossover design with counterbalanced treatment conditions was used to compare …

The Relationship Of Nutritional Intake And Bpa And Bps Exposure To Muscle Power In College Students., A C. Haney, T Sine, J Jones, J Dos Santos

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

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Oral Health In Division 1 Female Athletes, K Arjuna, S Bryner, M Pycraft, R Engle, B K. Leary, M E. Leary, R W. Bryner

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

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The Influence Of Cyp1a2 And Adora2a Polymorphisms And Caffeine Consumption Under Anaerobic Conditions, K Armstrong, M Sedholm, M Shin, H. S. Kieffer Facsm

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

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Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Does Not Improve Lower Extremity Anaerobic Physical Fatigue In Healthy Participents, J M. Baker, F Proessl, M C. Canino, J R. Hougland, D R. Huck, J W. Stauffer, R J. Campbell, C Connaboy, B C. Nindl Facsm, S D. Flanagan

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

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Effects Of Cell Culture Conditions On Extracellular Vesicle Production In Human Embryonic Kidney Cells, G M. Balascio, K T. Shuler, A D. Mitchell, E R. Munoz, B E. Wilson, M B. Hudson

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

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Hydration Is More Important Than Exogenous Carbohydrate Intake During Push-To-The-Finish Cycling In The Heat, C W. Berry, S. T. Wolf, R M. Cottle, W. L. Kenney

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

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Sex-Differences In Counter Movement Jump Kinetics And Kinematics Following 10-Week Marine Officer Candidates School, M B. Bird, K J. Koltun, M Lovalekar, J N. Forse, Q Mi, B J. Martin, B C. Nindl Facsm

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

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Brachial Artery Low-Flow-Mediated Constriction (L-Fmc) Is Augmented In Older Women, E F. Blake, S E. Mascone, L E. Eagan, C M. Weiner, J. C. Smith, S M. Ranadive

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

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Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis: Insight Into Subclinical Atherosclerosis, S E. Brackett, T V. Barreira, J P. Deblois, J Y. Kim, K S. Heffernan

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

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Establishing Inter-Day Reliability Of Neuromuscular Coordination Of The Lower Extremity During A Drop-Jump Landing, K N. Callaghan, A L. Daly-Smith, B T. Capra, D A. Phillips

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

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