Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Special Considerations For Clinical Trials In Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva (Fop)., Edward C Hsiao, Maja Di Rocco, Amanda Cali, Michael Zasloff, Mona Al Mukaddam, Robert J Pignolo, Zvi Grunwald, Coen Netelenbos, Richard Keen, Genevieve Baujat, Matthew A Brown, Tae-Joon Cho, Carmen De Cunto, Patricia Delai, Nobuhiko Haga, Rolf Morhart, Christiaan Scott, Keqin Zhang, Robert J Diecidue, Clive S Friedman, Fredrick S Kaplan, Elisabeth M W Eekhoff

Department of Anesthesiology Faculty Papers

Clinical trials for orphan diseases are critical for developing effective therapies. One such condition, fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP; MIM#135100), is characterized by progressive heterotopic ossification (HO) that leads to severe disability. Individuals with FOP are extremely sensitive to even minor traumatic events. There has been substantial recent interest in clinical trials for novel and urgently-needed treatments for FOP. The International Clinical Council on FOP (ICC) was established in 2016 to provide consolidated and coordinated advice on the best practices for clinical care and clinical research for individuals who suffer from FOP. The Clinical Trials Committee of the ICC developed a …

Carotid Dosimetry After Re-Irradiation With 131cs Permanent Implant Brachytherapy In Recurrent, Resected Head And Neck Cancer, Amanda Walsh, Emily Hubley, Laura Doyle M, David Cognetti, Joseph Curry, Voichita Bar-Ad, Adam Luginbuhl

Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery Faculty Papers

Purpose: Permanent seed implant cesium-131 (¹³¹Cs) brachytherapy provides highly localized radiation for patients with recurrent head and neck cancer (HNC), who may be ineligible for external beam radiation therapy due to a high-risk of toxicity. As carotid blowout is a concern in the setting of re-irradiation, a dose to the carotid artery was examined for ¹³¹Cs brachytherapy implants.

Material and methods: Eleven patients were implanted with¹³¹Cs adjacent to carotid at the time of resection for recurrent HNC. Vascularized tissue flaps were used in some patients. The carotid artery was contoured on the post-implant brachytherapy treatment …

A Prospective, Population-Based Study Of Trends In Operative Vaginal Delivery Compared To Cesarean Delivery Rates In Low- And Middle-Income Countries, 2010-2016., Margo S. Harrison, Sarah Saleem, Sumera Ali, Omrana Pasha, Elwyn Chomba, Waldemar A. Carlo, Ana L. Garces, Nancy F. Krebs, K. Michael Hambidge, Shivaprasad S. Goudar, S. M. Dhaded, Bhala Kodkany, Richard J. Derman, Archana Patel, Patricia L. Hibberd, Fabian Esamai, Edward A. Liechty, Antoinette Tshefu, Adrien Lokangaka, Melissa Bauserman, Carl L. Bose, Fernando Althabe, Jose M. Belizan, Pierre Buekens, Janet L. Moore, Dennis D. Wallace, Menachem Miodovnik, Marion Koso-Thomas, Elizabeth M. Mcclure, Robert L. Goldenberg

Global Health Articles

OBJECTIVE: Few data are available on cesarean delivery and operative vaginal delivery trends in low- and middle-income countries. Our objective was to analyze a prospective population-based registry including eight sites in seven low- and middle-income countries to observe trends in operative vaginal delivery versus cesarean delivery rates over time, across sites.

STUDY DESIGN: A prospective population-based study, including home and facility births among women enrolled from 2010 to 2016, was performed in communities in Argentina, Democratic Republic of Congo, Guatemala, India, Kenya, Pakistan, and Zambia. Women were enrolled during pregnancy and delivery outcome data were collected.

RESULTS: We analyzed 354,287 …

Comparison Of Surgical Outcomes Of The Posterior And Combined Approaches For Repair Of Cervical Fractures In Ankylosing Spondylitis., Panya Luksanapruksa, Paul William Millhouse, Victor Carlson, Thanase Ariyawatkul, Joshua Heller, Christopher K. Kepler

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Faculty Papers

STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study.

PURPOSE: To evaluate surgical outcomes and complications of cervical spine fractures in ankylosing spondylitis (CAS) patients who were treated using either the posterior (P) or combined approach (C).

OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE: Ankylosing spondylitis typically causes progressive spinal stiffness that makes patients susceptible to spinal fractures. CAS is a highly unstable condition. There is contradictory evidence regarding which treatment option, the posterior or the combined approach, yields superior clinical results.

METHODS: A single institution database was reviewed for data in the period 1999 to 2015. All CAS patients who underwent posterior or combined instrumented fusion were …

Tendinosis Develops From Age- And Oxygen Tension-Dependent Modulation Of Rac1 Activity., Rowena Mcbeath, Richard W. Edwards, Brian J. O'Hara, Mitchell G. Maltenfort, Susan M. Parks, Andrzej Steplewski, A. Lee Osterman, Irving M. Shapiro

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Faculty Papers

Age-related tendon degeneration (tendinosis) is characterized by a phenotypic change in which tenocytes display characteristics of fibrochondrocytes and mineralized fibrochondrocytes. As tendon degeneration has been noted in vivo in areas of decreased tendon vascularity, we hypothesized that hypoxia is responsible for the development of the tendinosis phenotype, and that these effects are more pronounced in aged tenocytes. Hypoxic (1% O₂ ) culture of aged, tendinotic, and young human tenocytes resulted in a mineralized fibrochondrocyte phenotype in aged tenocytes, and a fibrochondrocyte phenotype in young and tendinotic tenocytes. Investigation of the molecular mechanism responsible for this phenotype change revealed that …

Efficacy Of Alternative Seating On Attention, In-Seat Behavior, And Occupational Performance In Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, A. Chacko, K. Kosztyo, N. Long, Z. Mullan, J. Norkitis, L. Wratcher, M.-C. Potvin, Phd, Otr/L

Student Papers, Posters & Projects

Currently, there is one systematic review conducted by Gochenour and Poskey7 that synthesize current research evidence regarding alternative seating for students with attention difficulties. A limitation of this review, as noted by the authors, is a lack of a consistent definition of attention difficulty in the studies they included. A systematic review focused on a specific, well-defined diagnosis will better contribute to practice recommendations since these recommendations will be tailored to a clear and comprehensive understanding of the child’s attentional and occupational challenges. The review also included studies of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).7 While those with ASD may …

Biomarkers In Patients With Mucopolysaccharidosis Type Ii And Iv., Honoka Fujitsuka, Kazuki Sawamoto, Hira Peracha, Robert W. Mason, William Mackenzie, Hironori Kobayashi, Seiji Yamaguchi, Yasuyuki Suzuki, Kenji Orii, Tadao Orii, Toshiyuki Fukao, Shunji Tomatsu

Department of Pediatrics Faculty Papers

Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), dermatan sulfate (DS), heparan sulfate (HS), and keratan sulfate (KS), are the primary biomarkers in patients with mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS); however, little is known about other biomarkers. To explore potential biomarkers and their correlation with GAGs, blood samples were collected from 46 MPS II patients, 34 MPS IVA patients, and 5 MPS IVB patients. We evaluated the levels of 8 pro-inflammatory factors (EGF, IL-1β, IL-6, MIP-1α, TNF-α, MMP-1, MMP-2, and MMP-9), collagen type II, and DS, HS (HS0S, HSNS), and KS (mono-sulfated, di-sulfated) in blood. Eight biomarkers measured were significantly elevated in untreated MPS II patients, compared with those …

Whole Genome Metagenomic Analysis Of The Gut Microbiome Of Differently Fed Infants Identifies Differences In Microbial Composition And Functional Genes, Including An Absent Crispr/Cas9 Gene In The Formula-Fed Cohort, Matthew D. Di Guglielmo, Karl Franke, Courtney Cox, Erin L. Crowgey

Department of Pediatrics Faculty Papers

Background: Advancements in sequencing capabilities have enhanced the study of the human microbiome. There are limited studies focused on the gastro-intestinal (gut) microbiome of infants, particularly the impact of diet between breast-fed (BF) versus formula-fed (FF). It is unclear what effect, if any, early feeding has on short- term or long-term composition and function of the gut microbiome.

Results: Using a shotgun metagenomics approach, differences in the gut microbiome between BF (n = 10) and FF (n = 5) infants were detected. A Jaccard distance principle coordinate analysis was able to cluster BF versus FF infants based on the presence …

A Systematic Review Of The Efficacy Of Motivational Interviewing On Occupational Performance, J. Binder, Ots, C. Hannum, Ots, C. Mccarthy, Ots, E. Mcleod, Ots, J. Overpeck, Ots, L. Kaiser, Otd, Ms, Otr/L, M.-C. Potvin, Phd, Otr/L

Student Papers, Posters & Projects

This systematic review aims to review the efficacy of MI to address such performance goals falling within the occupational therapy scope of practice.

Intra-Arterial Chemotherapy In Retinoblastoma - A Paradigm Change., Fairooz P. Manjandavida, Christina Stathopoulos, Jing Zhang, Santhosh G. Honavar, Carol L. Shields

Wills Eye Hospital Papers

Intra-arterial chemotherapy (IAC), also known as superselective ophthalmic artery chemotherapy or chemosurgery, is currently widely accepted as one of the primary treatment modalities for intraocular retinoblastoma worldwide. Following the introduction of the technique in 1998, IAC has evolved over the past decades to be safer and more effective. Accumulated evidence shows that IAC is more effective in providing eye salvage in group D and E retinoblastoma as compared to conventional systemic intravenous chemotherapy (IVC). In contrast to IVC, IAC has the added benefits of reduced overall treatment duration and minimal systemic toxicity. This review provides a comprehensive update on the …

Coats Disease In 351 Eyes: Analysis Of Features And Outcomes Over 45 Years (By Decade) At A Single Center., Carol L. Shields, Sanika Udyaver, Lauren A. Dalvin, Li-Anne S. Lim, Hatice T Atalay, Chloe T.L. Khoo, Mehdi Mazloumi, Jerry A. Shields

Wills Eye Hospital Papers

Purpose: To assess features and outcomes of Coats disease over 5-decades.

Methods: Retrospective review of Coats disease patients at a single center. Features and outcomes were compared based on decade of presentation.

Results: There were 351 patients with Coats disease. The presenting median age (6 years), male sex (84%), and unilaterality (100%) did not change per decade. Coats disease classification did not change per decade with Stage 1 (1%), Stage 2 (21%), Stage 3 (68%), Stage 4 (6%), and Stage 5 (1%). Clinical features that changed per decade (1970s vs. 1980s vs. 1990s vs. 2000s vs. 2010s) included 1980s features …

Single Institution Implementation Of Permanent 131cs Interstitial Brachytherapy For Previously Irradiated Patients With Resectable Recurrent Head And Neck Carcinoma, Voichita Bar-Ad, Emily Hubley, Adam Luginbuhl, David Cognetti, Joseph Curry, Amy Harrison, Jennifer Johnson, James Keller, Cheng Peng, David To, Laura Doyle

Department of Radiation Oncology Faculty Papers

Purpose: Permanent interstitial brachytherapy is an appealing treatment modality for patients with locoregional recurrent, resectable head and neck carcinoma (HNC), having previously received radiation. Cesium-131 (131Cs) is a permanent implant brachytherapy isotope, with a low average photon energy of 30 keV and a short half-life of 9.7 days. Exposure to medical staff and family members is low; patient isolation and patient room shielding are not required. This work presents a single institution’s implementation process of utilizing an intraoperative, permanent 131Cs implant for patients with completely resected recurrent HNC.

Materials & Methods: Fifteen patients receiving 131Cs permanent seed brachytherapy were included …

The Effect Of Mirror Therapy On Upper Extremity Functioning For Patients Poststroke: A Systematic Review, Caitlin Beach, Halie Finke, Abby Garrity, Amanda Norcini, Lily Postus, Kristen Tekel, Lyn Kaiser, Otd, Otr/L

Student Papers, Posters & Projects

Due to the high incidence of stroke and the detrimental impact it can have on a patient’s independence, several systematic reviews examining the effect of MT on post-stroke rehabilitation for upper extremity functioning have been conducted. However, it is necessary to provide an update to existing systematic reviews to include new clinical studies that have recently been published. Since stroke is a leading cause of disability, this study aims to determine the effectiveness of MT in post-stroke rehabilitation for upper extremity function as compared to conventional therapy.

Randomized Phase 3 Evaluation Of Trifarotene 50 Μg/G Cream Treatment Of Moderate Facial And Truncal Acne., Jerry Tan, Diane Thiboutot, Georg Popp, Melinda Gooderham, Charles Lynde, James Del Rosso, Jonathan Weiss, Ulrike Blume-Peytavi, Jolanta Weglovska, Sandra Johnson, Lawrence Parish, Dagmara Witkowska, Nestor Sanchez Colon, Alessandra Alió Saenz, Faiz Ahmad, Michael Graeber, Linda Stein Gold

Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Acne vulgaris often affects the face, shoulders, chest, and back, but treatment of nonfacial acne has not been rigorously studied.

OBJECTIVES: Assess the safety and efficacy of trifarotene 50 μg/g cream, a novel topical retinoid, in moderate facial and truncal acne.

METHODS: Two phase III double-blind, randomized, vehicle-controlled, 12-week studies of once-daily trifarotene cream versus vehicle in subjects aged 9 years or older. The primary end points were rate of success on the face, as determined by the Investigator's Global Assessment (clear or almost clear and ≥2-grade improvement), and absolute change from baseline in inflammatory and noninflammatory counts from …

Electrocardiogram And Cardiac Testing Among Patients In The Emergency Department With Seizure Versus Syncope., Jennifer L. White, Judd E. Hollander, Jesse M. Pines, Peter M. Mullins, Anna Marie Chang

Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVE: Cardiogenic syncope can present as a seizure. The distinction between seizure disorder and cardiogenic syncope can only be made if one considers the diagnosis. Our main objective was to identify whether patients presenting with a chief complaint (reason for visit) as seizure or syncope received an electrocardiogram in the emergency department across all age groups.

METHODS: We conducted a secondary analysis of data collected in the 2010 to 2014 National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey comparing patients presenting with a chief complaint of syncope versus seizure to determine likelihood of getting an evaluation for possible life threatening cardiovascular disease. …

The Top 10 Things To Know About Transfusion Medicine Before Intern Year: An Evidence-Based Course For Graduating Medical Students., Alexis R. Peedin, Irina Perjar, Marshall A. Mazepa, Marian A. Rollins-Raval, Yara A. Park, Jay S. Raval

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

Background: Transfusion medicine (TM) knowledge varies widely among physician trainees. In addition, there have been few instances in which curricular changes have been meaningfully assessed for TM education in medical school.

Methods: We created and presented a novel lecture to improve TM knowledge for graduating medical students using eight objectives designed to reinforce critical information about blood management. Each objective was coded according to unique color schemes, fonts, and graphics to create visual associations while quickly and clearly presenting complex concepts. The validated BEST Collaborative exam was used to measure changes in student TM knowledge, while a survey was conducted …

Laryngeal Preservation Strategies In Locally Advanced Laryngeal And Hypopharyngeal Cancers., Athanassios Argiris, Jean Louis Lefebvre

Department of Medical Oncology Faculty Papers

For long, the treatment of locoregionally advanced laryngeal and hypopharyngeal squamous cell cancers (SCC) consisted of either total laryngectomy (TL) or definitive radiotherapy (RT). The development of induction cisplatin plus 5-fluorouracil (PF) and the correlation between chemosensitivity and radiosensitivity in previously untreated patients opened a new era of treatment aiming at laryngeal preservation (LP). The fundamental concept was to employ induction PF in order to select patients for subsequent treatment with either TL or RT according to tumor response to PF. The first two trials (VALGSG for laryngeal SCC and EORTC 24891 for hypopharyngeal SCC) concluded that such an approach …

Second-Harmonic Generation Microscopy Analysis Reveals Proteoglycan Decorin Is Necessary For Proper Collagen Organization In Prostate., Kirby R. Campbell, Rajeev Chaudhary, Monica Montano, Renato V. Iozzo, Wade A. Bushman, Paul J. Campagnola

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

Collagen remodeling occurs in many prostate pathologies; however, the underlying structural architecture in both normal and diseased prostatic tissues is largely unexplored. Here, we use second-harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy to specifically probe the role of the proteoglycan decorin (Dcn) on collagen assembly in a wild type (wt) and Dcn null mouse (Dcn  -    /    -  ). Dcn is required for proper organization of collagen fibrils as it regulates size by forming an arch-like structure at the end of the fibril. We have utilized SHG metrics based on emission directionality (forward-backward ratio) and relative conversion efficiency, which are both related to …

Speaking Good (And Safe) Dermatologic English, Lawrence Charles Parish, W. Clark Lambert

Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Faculty Papers

Periodically, our feathers become ruffled about the use or misuse of English in dermatology. 1, 2 We have railed against the derogatory term for crusted scabies3, suggested a contrived term to lessen the burden connoted by decubitus ulcers4, and discouraged renaming atopic dermatitis to atopiform dermatitis. 5 Imagine what the dermatologic lexicographers, Morris Leider (1908-1987) 6and Morris Rosenbaum, might be saying were they here today. 7

Using an appropriate word or words to describe an anatomic part or a portion of the skin is just good medical practice. We do not believe a lightning bolt will descend as portrayed in …

Automated Fiber Tract Reconstruction For Surgery Planning: Extensive Validation In Language-Related White Matter Tracts., Matteo Mancini, Sjoerd B. Vos, Vejay N. Vakharia, Aidan G. O'Keeffe, Karin Trimmel, Frederik Barkhof, Christian Dorfer, Salil Soman, Gavin P. Winston, Chengyuan Wu, John S. Duncan, Rachel Sparks, Sebastien Ourselin

Department of Neurosurgery Faculty Papers

Diffusion MRI and tractography hold great potential for surgery planning, especially to preserve eloquent white matter during resections. However, fiber tract reconstruction requires an expert with detailed understanding of neuroanatomy. Several automated approaches have been proposed, using different strategies to reconstruct the white matter tracts in a supervised fashion. However, validation is often limited to comparison with manual delineation by overlap-based measures, which is limited in characterizing morphological and topological differences. In this work, we set up a fully automated pipeline based on anatomical criteria that does not require manual intervention, taking advantage of atlas-based criteria and advanced acquisition protocols …

Diagnostic Value Of Two Dimensional Shear Wave Elastography Combined With Texture Analysis In Early Liver Fibrosis., Zhao-Cheng Jian, Jin-Feng Long, Yu-Jiang Liu, Xiang-Dong Hu, Ji-Bin Liu, Xian-Quan Shi, Wei-Sheng Li, Lin-Xue Qian

Department of Radiology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Staging diagnosis of liver fibrosis is a prerequisite for timely diagnosis and therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B. In recent years, ultrasound elastography has become an important method for clinical noninvasive assessment of liver fibrosis stage, but its diagnostic value for early liver fibrosis still needs to be further improved. In this study, the texture analysis was carried out on the basis of two dimensional shear wave elastography (2D-SWE), and the feasibility of 2D-SWE plus texture analysis in the diagnosis of early liver fibrosis was discussed.

AIM: To assess the diagnostic value of 2D-SWE combined with textural analysis …

Changes In Ultraviolet Radiation Exposure To The Ocular Region: A Population-Based Study., Ezekiel Weis, Sebastian Q. Vrouwe, David B. Lebaron, Matthew B. Parliament, Jerry A Shields, Carol L. Shields

Wills Eye Hospital Papers

In contrast to the well-established association between ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure and skin cancers, the relationship between UVR and uveal malignant melanoma (UM) remains controversial. To address this controversy, we evaluated the incidence rates of cutaneous malignancies in the eyelids as a proxy for UVR exposure in the ocular region using a population-based cancer registry. Overall, 74,053 cases of eyelid basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and 7890 cases of melanoma over a 26-year period (1982–2007) were analyzed. The incidence of eyelid basal cell carcinoma and uveal melanoma remained stable, whereas other cutaneous areas demonstrated an increase in the rates. A comparability …

View Point On Social Media Use In Interventional Cardiology, Mirvat Alasnag, Mamas Mamas, David Fischman, Salvatore Brugaletta, Jordan Safirstein, Pascal Meier, Vijay Kunadian, Lukasz Koltowski, Sheila Sahni, Chadi Alraies, Michael Gibson

Division of Cardiology Faculty Papers

No abstract provided.

Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome 1 And 2 Have Differential Effects On Lung Fibroblast Behavior, Karina Cuevas-Mora, Dominic Sales, Hoora Shaghaghi, Ross Summer, Freddy Romero

Center for Translational Medicine Posters

Objective

To determine whether mitochondrial function and/or the proteasome system is altered in fibroblasts from the HPS mouse lung.

Monitoring Progression Of Ductal Carcinoma In Situ Using Photoacoustics And Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound., Ryan Margolis, Corinne Wessner, Maria Stanczak, Ji-Bin Liu, Jingzhi Li, Kibo Nam, Flemming Forsberg, John R. Eisenbrey

Department of Radiology Faculty Papers

Breast cancer is the leading form of cancer in women, accounting for approximately 41,400 deaths in 2018. While a variety of risk factors have been identified, physical exercise has been linked to reducing both the risk and aggressiveness of breast cancer. Within breast cancer, ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is a common finding. However, less than 25% of DCIS tumors actually progress into invasive breast cancer, resulting in overtreatment. This overtreatment is due to a lack of predictive precursors to assess aggressiveness and development of DCIS. We hypothesize that tissue oxygenation and perfusion measured by photoacoustic and contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging, …

Impact Of Tumor Regional Involvement On Active Surveillance Outcomes: Validation Of The Cumulative Cancer Location Metric In A Us Population., Joon Yau Leong, Courtney Capella, Seth Teplitsky, Leonard G. Gomella, Edouard J. Trabulsi, Costas D. Lallas, Thenappan Chandrasekar

Department of Urology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Treatment progression for men on active surveillance (AS) for prostate cancer (PCa) is driven primarily by grade and volume progression on isolated prostate biopsies (PBx). As PCa is a multifocal disease, regional disease progression over time should be accounted for.

OBJECTIVE: To validate the utility of the cumulative cancer location (CCLO) metric, which assesses regional core involvement, as described by Erickson et al (Cumulative cancer locations is a novel metric for predicting active surveillance outcomes: a multicenter study. Eur Urol Oncol 2018;1:268-75), in predicting AS outcomes in a North American cohort.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: A single-institutional retrospective chart …

An Innovative Occupational Therapy Fieldwork Placement: Using The Occupational Justice Framework To Enhance Refugee Resettlement In U.S. Daily Life, Stephen Kern, Phd, Otr/L, Faota, Christina Kubica, Msw

Department of Occupational Therapy Posters and Presentations

Learning Objectives

1. Describe and discuss the occupational justice framework
2. Describe and discuss the application of the framework to the refugee resettlement process
3. Discuss how this non-traditional fieldwork training setting & model creates a model for development of professional habits

A Proline Insertion-Deletion In The Spike Glycoprotein Fusion Peptide Of Mouse Hepatitis Virus Strongly Alters Neuropathology., Manmeet Singh, Abhinoy Kishore, Dibyajyoti Maity, Punnepalli Sunanda, Bankala Krishnarjuna, Sreeparna Vappala, Srinivasarao Raghothama, Lawrence C. Kenyon, Debnath Pal, Jayasri Das Sarma

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

Fusion peptides (FPs) in spike proteins are key players mediating early events in cell-to-cell fusion, vital for intercellular viral spread. A proline residue located at the central FP region has often been suggested to have a distinctive role in this fusion event. The spike glycoprotein from strain RSA59 (PP) of mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) contains two central, consecutive prolines in the FP. Here, we report that deletion of one of these proline residues, resulting in RSA59 (P), significantly affected neural cell syncytia formation and viral titers postinfection in vitro. Transcranial inoculation of C57Bl/6 mice with RSA59 (PP) or RSA59 (P) …

A Unique Role For Clathrin Light Chain A In Cell Spreading And Migration., Oxana M. Tsygankova, James H. Keen

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Faculty Papers

Clathrin heavy chain is the structural component of the clathrin triskelion, but unique functions for the two distinct and highly conserved clathrin light chains (CLCa and CLCb, also known as CLTA and CLTB, respectively) have been elusive. Here, we show that following detachment and replating, CLCa is uniquely responsible for promoting efficient cell spreading and migration. Selective depletion of CLCa, but not of CLCb, reduced the initial phase of isotropic spreading of HeLa, H1299 and HEK293 cells by 60-80% compared to siRNA controls, and wound closure and motility by ∼50%. Surface levels of β1-integrins were unaffected by CLCa depletion. However, …

Rural Hospital Nursing Skill Mix And Work Environment Associated With Frequency Of Adverse Events., Jessica G. Smith, Colin M. Plover, Moira C. Mcchesney, Eileen T. Lake

College of Population Health Faculty Papers

Introduction: Though rural hospitals serve about one fifth of the United States (U.S.), few studies have investigated relationships among nursing resources and rural hospital adverse events.

Objectives: The purpose was to determine relationships among nursing skill mix (proportion of Registered Nurses (RNs) to all nursing staff), the work environment and adverse events (medication errors, patient falls with injury, pressure ulcers, and urinary tract infections) in rural hospitals.

Methods: Using a cross-sectional design, nurse survey data from a large study examining nurse organizational factors, patient safety, and quality from four U.S. states were linked to the 2006 American Hospital Association data. …