Preoperative Physical Therapy Results In Shorter Length Of Stay And Discharge Disposition Following Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Retrospective Study, Sheldon R. Garrison, Kelly E. Schneider, Maharaj Singh, Jennifer Pogodzinski

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Objective: Total knee arthroplasty is an effective surgical approach used to treat arthritis and knee trauma. Its utilization has grown, as has the accompanying financial impact, resulting in an equal need to advance physical therapy practice. One emerging approach improving patient outcomes and reducing cost is the inclusion of a preoperative physical therapy visit. The aim of this study was to quantify the economic impact of a standardized preoperative physical therapy visit in the healthcare setting. Design: This study is a retrospective review of 1,043 adult patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty. Methods: Patients who underwent total knee arthro-plasty were …

A Novel Radiographic Classification Of Severe Spinal Curvatures Exceeding 100°: The Omega (Ω), Gamma (Γ) And Alpha (Α) Deformities, Isaac Obiri Karikari, Henry Pang, Kwadwo P. Yankey, Henry Ofori Duah, Harry Akoto, Rick Hodes, Oheneba Boachie-Adjei, Focos Spine Research Group

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Purpose For spine curvatures with Cobb angles > 100°, curve classification and characterization become more difficult with conventional radiographs. 3-D computerized axial tomography scans add relevant information to categorize and describe a new classification to aid preoperative assessment in communication and patient evaluation. The purpose of this study is to describe a radiographic classification system of curves exceeding 100°. Methods A consecutive series of patients with curves exceeding 100° underwent a full spine radiographic review using conventional radiographs and 3-D CT. A descriptive analysis was performed to categorize curves into 4 main types (1, 2, 3 and 4) and 6 subtypes …

Halo Gravity Traction Can Mitigate Preoperative Risk Factors And Early Surgical Complications In Complex Spine Deformity, Sravisht Iyer, Oheneba Boachie-Adjei, Henry Ofori Duah, Kwadwo P. Yankey, Rufai Mahmud, Irene Wulff, Henry O. Tutu, Harry Akoto

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Study Design.  Retrospective review of prospective cohort. Objective.  We sought to examine the role of halo gravity traction (HGT) in reducing preoperative surgical risk. Summary of Background Data.  The impact of HGT on procedure choice, preoperative risk factors, and surgical complications has not been previously described. Methods.  Patients treated with HGT before primary surgery were included. The FOCOS Score (FS) was used to quantify operative risk. FS was calculated using patient-factors (ASIA, body mass index, etiology), procedure-factors (PcF; osteotomy planned, number of levels fused, etc.), and curve magnitude (CM). Scores ranged from 0 to 100 with higher scores indicating increased …

The Relationship Between Blood Flow And Motor Unit Firing Rates In Response To Fatiguing Exercise Post-Stroke, Spencer Murphy, Matthew J. Durand, Francesco Negro, Dario Farina, Sandra K. Hunter, Brian D. Schmit, David D. Gutterman, Allison S. Hyngstrom

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

We quantified the relationship between the change in post-contraction blood flow with motor unit firing rates and metrics of fatigue during intermittent, sub-maximal fatiguing contractions of the knee extensor muscles after stroke. Ten chronic stroke survivors (>1-year post-stroke) and nine controls participated. Throughout fatiguing contractions, the discharge timings of individual motor units were identified by decomposition of high-density surface EMG signals. After five consecutive contractions, a blood flow measurement through the femoral artery was obtained using an ultrasound machine and probe designed for vascular measurements. There was a greater increase of motor unit firing rates from the beginning of …

Prevalence Of Molar-Incisor Hypomineralization In Milwaukee, Wisconsin, Usa: A Pilot Study, Megan Davenport, Andrew D. Welles, Matina V. Angelopoulou, Cesar D. Gonzalez, Christopher Okunseri, Lori Barbeau, Naveen K. Bansal, Rodney Vergotine, Brian D. Hodgson

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Purpose: This pilot study investigated the prevalence of Molar-Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH) in third-grade school children in Milwaukee Wisconsin, USA.

Methods: A convenience sample of third-grade school children in the Milwaukee Public School System (MPS) participated in the study. Calibrated examiners trained on the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry (EAPD) MIH recommendations examined the children between December 1, 2014 and June 30, 2015. Children were examined at their schools using a flashlight and mirror after receiving consent from parents/caregivers and assent from each child. Findings were recorded onto a standardized form by one of five trained examiners. Summary statistics were calculated, …

The Design And Physical Properties Of An Optimized Chitosan Hydrogel For Potential Use In Endodontics, Hunter Housley

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Introduction: The aim of this study was to synthesize an optimized chitosan/carbon dot hydrogel and measure its effects on the proliferation of dental pulp stem cells. Methods: 1.5% w/v chitosan hydrogel samples were fabricated with 300 mg/ml aqueous β-glycerol phosphate (β-GP) to create an optimized chitosan with a gelation onset temperature below 37°C. Spermidine-functionalized carbon dots (CDs) were added to test groups in concentrations of 25 µg/ml and 50 µg/ml. Complex shear viscosity of the prepared hydrogel samples was evaluated with a Kinexus pro+ shear rheometer (Malvern Panalytical). Samples were evaluated for cellular proliferation with dental pulp stem cells at …

The Effect Of A Portable Electrical Muscle Stimulation Device At Home On Muscle Strength And Activation Patterns In Locomotive Syndrome Patients: A Randomized Control Trial, Yuichi Nishikawa, Kohei Watanabe, Shuhei Kawade, Tetsuya Takahashi, Hiroaki Kimura, Hirofumi Maruyama, Allison S. Hyngstrom

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

The aim of the present study was to quantify the effect of electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) intervention using a portable device on muscle strength and activation patterns in locomotive syndrome. Nineteen women were randomly assigned to the intervention group (n = 10; age = 71–82 years) and control group (n = 9; age = 70–84 years). Participants in the intervention group used a portable EMS device to stimulate the bilateral quadriceps muscles for 8 weeks (23 min/5 days/week). To understand the effects of EMS, the following measurements were made at baseline, 8 weeks, and 12 weeks: locomotive syndrome assessment score, …

Does Weight Status Impact Metabolic Health In Adolescents When Controlling For Physical Fitness?, Stacy Stolzman, Joseph Skelton, April L. Harkins, Marie K. Hoeger Bement

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

Purpose:

To determines whether adolescents who are fit with overweight/obesity are similar in their metabolic profile to adolescents who are fit and normal weight.

Methods:

Adolescents participated in 3 sessions: (1) resting vitals and anthropometrics; (2) maximal aerobic treadmill test () to determine physical fitness; and (3) dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and fasting laboratory draw for analysis of insulin, glucose, high-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, and C-reactive protein.

Results:

Of the 30 fit adolescents who are normal weight and 16 adolescents who are fit and overweight/obese (OW/OB), metabolic syndrome was apparent in 1 adolescent who are normal weight and 4 adolescents who are …

The Influence Of Continuity Of Nursing Care In The Acute Care Setting On Readiness For Discharge And Post-Discharge Return To Hospital, Sarah J. Bahr

Dissertations (1934 -)

Background: Promoting continuity of nursing care has the potential to increase patient readiness for discharge, which has been associated with fewer readmissions and emergency department (ED) visits. The few studies that have examined nursing continuity during acute care hospitalizations did not focus on discharge or post-discharge outcomes.Objectives: The aim of this research study was to examine the association of continuity in nurse assignment to patients prior to hospital discharge with return to hospital (readmission and ED/Observation visits), including exploration of the mediating pathway through patient readiness for discharge and moderation effects of unit environment and unit nurse characteristics.Methods: …

The Influence Of Full Coverage Restorations On Pulp Vitality: A Ten-Year Retrospective Study, Abby Yavorek

Master's Theses (2009 -)

INTRODUCTION: The incidence of pulpal disease after delivery of a full-coverage crown has been previously described as between 2-19%. The objective of this study was to identify and analyze the factors that contribute to the incidence of NS-RCT after the delivery of single-unit full-coverage restorations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Insurance claims from 88,409 crown placements in the Delta Dental of Wisconsin Insurance database were analyzed from the years 2008 to 2017. The Cox Regression model was used to analyze the effect of the predictor variables on the survival of the tooth. Untoward events were defined as NS-RCT, tooth extraction, retreatment of …

Comparison Of Power Versus Manual Toothbrush In Reducing Gingivitis, Keerthi Kamreddy

Master's Theses (2009 -)

The purpose of the present 4-week, parallel-arm, single-blinded, clinical study is to investigate the efficacy and safety of a new power toothbrush in comparison with a standard flat trim ADA approved manual brush. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of powered toothbrush on gingivitis reduction compared to a manual toothbrush. Secondary objectives of this study are to evaluate the effectiveness of plaque removal.Materials & Methods: The study was a single-blinded parallel arm randomized controlled interventional trial. Forty-six male and female subjects with gingivitis (32 female and 16 males) with a mean age of 26 …

Injectable Gels With Potential Use In Endodontics, Maksim Montatskiy

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Objective: To formulate a thermoreversible hydrogel using methyl-cellulose, carbon dots and inorganic salts to achieve physiologically compatible gelation temperature; to test cytotoxic effects of formulation against dental pulp stem cells.Materials/Methods: A 5% w/v methylcellulose (MC) solution was prepared and equal volumes of NaCl aqueous solution were added to make various sodium chloride salt concentrations and reach the final MC concentration of 2.5%. Samples were analyzed using a shear rheometer to monitor complex shear viscosity as a function of temperature to arrive at onset gelation temperature closest to targeted temperature. Carbon dots were synthesized by thermal method using ammonium citrate …

An In Vitro Study Of Surface Alterations To Peek And Titanium And Its Effect Upon Human Gingival Fibroblasts, Maryam Gheisarifar

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Objective: Soft tissue attachment to different surfaces plays a pivotal role in long term success of dental implants. The aim of the current study was to evaluate viability and adhestion of human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) upon specific surface modifications on different implant abutment materials. Material & Methods: A total of 150 specimens in 6 experimental groups were used: titanium alloy (Ti [smooth machined]), titanium laser-modified (TiL), PEEK (P [smooth machined]), PEEK laser-modified (PL), PEEK plasma treated (PP), PEEK laser and Plasma treated (PLP). The surface roughness (Sa), water contact angle (WCA), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were measured. Human gingival …

Effect Of Different Implant Abutment Materials On Optical Properties Of Translucent Monolithic Zirconia Crowns, Nisha Patel

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of implant abutment color on the final shade of monolithic translucent zirconia crowns. The null hypothesis was that abutment color or brand of zirconia would have no effect on color of monolithic translucent zirconia crowns.Material and methods: A maxillary right central incisor implant (Nobel Replace Trilobe RP) in a dentoform model was used to mill customized abutments of titanium, gold-anodized titanium, pink-anodized titanium, and zirconium dioxide. An A2 dentin shade polymethyl methacrylate abutment was used as a control. Four types of zirconia systems (BruxZir Anterior; Glidewell Laboratories, LAVA …

Evaluation Of Accuracy Of Static Computer-Guided Implant Placement Compared With Partially-Guided Or Free-Hand Placement, Laxmi Sukhtankar

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Purpose: To evaluate precision and trueness of static computer-assisted implant surgery (sCAIS) in comparison with partially-guided and free-hand implant placement in vitro.Materials & Methods: The study was conducted on one hundred mandible replicas obtained from a cone beam computer tomography of a partially edentulous case for implant placement in mandibular right first molar site. First, the fully guided implant placement with different sleeve to bone distances (2mm = H2, 4mm = H4, 6mm= H6) was determined. Second, fully guided implant placement was compared with partially guided, and free implant placement. The achieved implant position was digitized and compared …

Measuring Polyvictimization Among Vulnerable Children: A Confirmatory Factor Analysis, Kelli J. Jones

Dissertations (1934 -)

The purpose of this study was to test the pathways to polyvictimization model, a conceptual model developed by Dr. David Finkelhor, as an accurate measure of victimization among children in fragile families. Polyvictimization is the simultaneous, accumulative exposure to multiple forms of victimization. Finkelhor’s pathways to polyvictimization model consisted of four hypothesized pathways to becoming polyvictimized. The four pathways include a) residing in a dangerous community, b) living in a dangerous family, c) having a chaotic, multi-problem family environment, and d) the child has emotional or behavioral problems that increase risk behavior, engender antagonism, and compromise the capacity to protect …

Identifying A History Of Nonfatal Strangulation: What Impacts Screening By Healthcare, Law Enforcement And Advocates?, Jennifer Delwiche

Dissertations (1934 -)

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a pervasive social epidemic in the United States, affecting as many as one in four women in their lifetime (CDC, 2010). Nonfatal strangulation (NFS) is one type of IPV, in which the application of external pressure on the neck of the victim results in interruption of blood or oxygen flow (Shields et al., 2010). Research has indicated that a history of nonfatal strangulation for victims of IPV can indicate an increased risk for worsening violence, medical complications, or death. Despite the identification of increased vulnerability for victims with a history of nonfatal strangulation, there is …

Healthcare Provider Influence On Health Behavior Modification In Gestational Diabetics, Denise K. Fryzelka

Dissertations (1934 -)

The overall aim was to understand the process of healthcare provider influence by exploring associations between professional influence measures and patient engagement in health behavior modification in women with Gestational Diabetic Mellitus (GDM). An integrative literature review resulted in defining and developing the Healthcare Provider Influence (HPI) conceptual model based on the Integrated Theory of Health Behavior Change and Transformational Leadership theory. HPI is defined as a process wherein a purposeful interpersonal interactive, collaborative, and transformative relationship develops between a patient and a healthcare provider working together toward a specific focus of health behavior modification outcomes. Measures for testing the …

Toward Quality Preceptorship: A Dyad Sudy, Laurie Ann Kunkel-Jordan

Dissertations (1934 -)

Problem: Approximately 70% of newly graduated nurses work in hospital settings, but their turnover rates are high, costly to employers, and due, in part, to lack of satisfaction with job orientation processes. Effective preceptorship is widely regarded as pivotal to newly graduated nurses’ successful transition to the professional nurse role; yet, the critical elements of preceptorship have not been empirically determined. Numerous researchers proffer the preceptor - newly graduated nurse interpersonal relationship as key, but preceptorship research has not been focused on this dyadic interaction. Consequently, its true impact remains unknown. Accordingly, this study addressed the following research question, “Are …

Exploring The Trajectory And Prevention Of Alcohol Use Among Young People From The Perspective Of Professional Youth Workers, Kristin Haglund, Mark Hayter

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Excessive alcohol use is a significant health issue. Underage drinking is one expression of excessive alcohol use. Researchers have identified a trajectory of alcohol involvement. Gaps exist in understanding the influences that delay and promote the trajectory of alcohol use among young people. The purpose of this study was to explore the contexts and influences that limited and contributed to the trajectory of alcohol use among young people. A qualitative descriptive design was used. Eight youth workers from a city in Northern England participated in individual audio-recorded semi-structured interviews. Transcriptions were coded. Data were analyzed within, and across, codes to …

Clarifying Model For Continuity Of Care: A Concept Analysis, Sarah J. Bahr, Marianne E. Weiss

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Aim

The aim is to clarify the use of the term continuity in the specific context of acute care hospitalization and discharge.

Background

The meaning of “continuity” is often co‐mingled with other concepts, specifically coordination and communication. To increase usefulness for contemporary concerns with the hospitalization‐postdischarge continuum, continuity of care is examined from the specific context of acute hospitalization and discharge.

Design

Concept analysis.

Data Sources

Medline via Ovid, Cochrane Library, Cinahl, and Google Scholar. Search years encompassed 2001–2016.

Review Methods

Rodgers evolutionary concept analysis method.

Results

A total of 50 papers were included in this concept analysis. Synthesis of …

Oscillations In Neural Drive And Age-Related Reductions In Force Steadiness With A Cognitive Challenge, Hugo M. Pereira, Bonnie A. Schlinder-Delap Mrs., Kevin G. Keenan, Francesco Negro, Dario Farina, Allison S. Hyngstrom, Kristy A. Nielson, Sandra K. Hunter

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

A cognitive challenge when imposed during a low-force isometric contraction will exacerbate sex- and age-related decreases in force steadiness, but the mechanism is not known. We determined the role of oscillations in the common synaptic input to motor units on force steadiness during a muscle contraction with a concurrent cognitive challenge. Forty-nine young adults (19–30 yr; 25 women, 24 men) and 36 old adults (60–85 yr; 19 women, 17 men) performed a cognitive challenge (counting backward by 13) during an isometric elbow flexion task at 5% of maximal voluntary contraction. Single-motor units were decomposed from high-density surface EMG recordings. For …

Association Of Food Insecurity With Early Childhood Caries, Matina V. Angelopoulou, S. D. Shanti, Cesar D. Gonzalez, Ashley Love, Jeffrey Chaffin

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Objectives

The aim of this study was to examine the association of food insecurity on the prevalence of dental caries in preschool children.

Methods

Eighty-two children, aged 12-71 months old, from the Marquette University School of Dentistry Community South Clinic and their caregivers participated in this cross-sectional study. Following informed consent, parents completed the validated six-item US Department of Agriculture food insecurity questionnaire and questions regarding demographic information and family structure. Upon clinical examination caries was recorded using the decayed, missing, filled teeth (dmft) index based on the International Caries Detection and Assessment System criteria.

Results

The correlation between dmft …

Effects Of Implementing A Health Team Communication Redesign On Hospital Readmissions Within 30 Days, Kristi Opper, Joseph Beiler, Olga Yakusheva, Marianne E. Weiss

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Background and Rationale

Poor communication between health team members can interfere with timely, coordinated preparation for hospital discharge. Research on daily bedside interprofessional health team rounds and nursing bedside shift handoff reports provides evidence that these strategies can improve communication.

Aims

To improve health team communication and collaboration about hospital discharge; improve patient experience of discharge measured by patient‐reported quality of discharge teaching, readiness for discharge, and postdischarge coping difficulty; and reduce readmissions and emergency department (ED) visits postdischarge.

Methods

A two‐sample pre‐ and postintervention design provided baseline data for redesign of health team communication processes and comparison data for …

Fatiguing Trunk Flexor Exercise Decreases Pain Sensitivity In Postpartum Women, Rita Deering, Tatyana Pashibin, Meredith Cruz, Sandra K. Hunter, Marie K. Hoeger Bement

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

Background: Low back pain (LBP) is common in the general population and among postpartum women. Abdominal muscle exercise is often used to treat LBP, but it is unknown if fatiguing abdominal muscle exercise can produce exercise-induced hypoalgesia (EIH).

Objectives: To assess pressure pain thresholds (PPTs) at rest and following fatiguing trunk flexor exercise (EIH) in (1) nulligravid and postpartum women to evaluate the impact of pregnancy and childbirth and (2) nulligravid women and men to examine sex differences.

Methods: Seventy healthy adults (31 postpartum women, 23 nulligravid women, 16 men) participated. Postpartum and nulligravid women were tested twice (16–18 weeks …

The Effectiveness Of Different Attachment Systems Maxillary And Mandibular Implant Overdentures, Gary L. Stafford

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Data sources Cochrane Oral Health's Trials Register, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Medline, Embase, the US National Institutes of Health Ongoing Trials Register (ClinicalTrials.gov) and the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform.

Study selection Randomised controlled trials (RCTs), including cross-over trials on maxillary or mandibular implant overdentures with different attachment systems with at least one-year follow-up were considered. There were no restrictions on language or date of publication.

Data extraction and synthesis Data were abstracted by four reviewers with risk of bias being assessed using the Cochrane tool. Data were combined using a fixed effects …

Incremental Clinical Effectiveness And Cost Effectiveness Of Providing Supervised Physiotherapy In Addition To Usual Medical Care In Patients With Osteoarthritis Of The Hip Or Knee: 2-Year Results Of The Moa Randomised Controlled Trial, J. H. Abbott, R Wilson, Daniel Pinto, C. M. Chapple, A. A. Wright

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

Objective

To investigate the clinical- and cost-effectiveness at 2-year follow-up of providing individual, supervised exercise physiotherapy and/or manual physiotherapy in addition to usual medical care.

Method

People with hip or knee osteoarthritis meeting the American College of Rheumatology clinical diagnostic criteria were randomised (1:1, concealed, assessor-blinded) to four groups: usual medical care; supervised exercise physiotherapy; manual physiotherapy; or combined exercise and manual physiotherapy. Physiotherapy group participants were provided 10 50-min treatment sessions including booster sessions at 4 and 13 months, in addition to usual care. The primary outcome at 2-year follow-up was incremental cost-utility ratio (ICUR) of each physiotherapy intervention …

Two Weeks Of Ischemic Conditioning Improves Walking Speed And Reduces Neuromuscular Fatigability In Chronic Stroke Survivors, Matthew J. Durand, Timothy F. Boerger, Jennifer Nguyen, Saad Z. Alqahtani, Michael T. Wright, Brian D. Schmit, David D. Gutterman, Allison S. Hyngstrom

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

This pilot study examined whether ischemic conditioning (IC), a noninvasive, cost-effective, and easy-to-administer intervention, could improve gait speed and paretic leg muscle function in stroke survivors. We hypothesized that 2 wk of IC training would increase self-selected walking speed, increase paretic muscle strength, and reduce neuromuscular fatigability in chronic stroke survivors. Twenty-two chronic stroke survivors received either IC or IC Sham on their paretic leg every other day for 2 wk (7 total sessions). IC involved 5-min bouts of ischemia, repeated five times, using a cuff inflated to 225 mmHg on the paretic thigh. For IC Sham, the cuff inflation …

Young Women’S Knowledge About Fertility And Their Fertility Health Risk Factors, Qiyan Mu, Lisa Hanson, James B. Hoelzle, Richard J. Fehring

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Objective

To explore the relationships among young women’s demographic characteristics, their self-perceived and actual knowledge about fertility, and their fertility health risk factors.

Design

A quantitative, cross-sectional study.

Setting

Online survey.

Participants

Young women between the ages of 18 and 24 years (N = 342).

Methods

We used an online survey to collect data from young women regarding their demographic characteristics, their self-perceived and actual knowledge about fertility, and their fertility health risk factors. We used multiple linear regression to explore the relationships among these factors.

Results

Participants were mainly White, had some form of college education, and used …

Primary Molar Pulpotomies With Different Hemorrhage Control Agents And Base Materials: A Randomized Clinical Trial, G. Atasever, T. I. Keceli, Serdar Uysal, H. Cem Güngör, S. Olmez

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Objective: To evaluate the clinical and radiographical success of primary molar pulpotomies which used 15.5% ferric sulfate (FS) or 1.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) for hemostasis and zinc oxide-eugenol (ZOE) and calcium hydroxide (CH) pastes as base materials.

Methods: In 29 healthy children, 80 primary molars were randomly allocated to one of the study groups: Group 1: FS-ZOE, Group 2: FS-CH, Group 3: NaOCl-ZOE, and Group 4: NaOCl-CH. After hemostasis with the respective solutions, pulp stumps and floor of the pulp chambers were covered with either ZOE or CH pastes. All teeth were restored with stainless steel crowns. Follow-up examinations were …