Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Medicine + Health, Fall 2013, George Washington University, School Of Medicine And Health Sciences, Office Of Communications And Marketing

Medicine + Health Magazine

No abstract provided.

Himmelfarb Library Liaison Letter - October 2013, George Washington University, Himmelfarb Health Sciences Library

Himmelfarb Library Liaison Letters

No abstract provided.

Gastric Electrical Stimulation With Enterra Therapy Improves Symptoms Of Idiopathic Gastroparesis., Richard W. Mccallum, Irene Sarosiek, H. P. Parkaman, William J.S. Snape, Frederick J. Brody, J. Wo, Thomas V. Nowak

Medicine Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Incidence Of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Infection In A Children's Hospital In The Washington Metropolitan Area Of The United States, 2003-2010, Xiaoyan Song, Joanthan Cogen, Nalini Singh

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has emerged as a major public health threat. In this retrospective cohort study, we included patients with laboratory-confirmed MRSA infections treated at Children’s National Medical Center in Washington, District of Columbia between July 2003 and December 2010. The secular trends in the incidence rates of skin/soft tissue and invasive MRSA infections were assessed. Molecular analyses were performed on a subset of patients with invasive infections whose MRSA isolates were available for genotyping. The study identified 3750 patients with MRSA infections. The incidence of MRSA infections peaked in 2007 (incidence rate: 5.34 per 1000 patient-visits) and subsequently …

All Hands On Deck: A Team Approach To System Migration, Jolinda Thompson, Christopher D. Cook, Steven W. Brown, Catherine M. Sluder, Alicia Pinkney, Laura E. Abate, Meaghan Corbett

Himmelfarb Library Faculty Posters and Presentations

Purpose: To determine if a team approach to a complex integrated library system (ILS) migration would result in a timely and successful outcome.

Brief Description: Changing needs and an aging integrated library system server platform prompted Himmelfarb Health Sciences Library to migrate to a new ILS. After considering several options, Himmelfarb decided to join with the George Washington University's Jacob Burns Law Library in their move to a hosted instance of Innovative Interface's Sierra ILS and Encore OPAC.

Though some separation of data and functionality could be achieved, there were several functions that would be shared between the two libraries' …

You Can Do That In A Library? Building Sound Minds And Healthy Bodies, Alexandra Gomes, Gisela Butera, Laura E. Abate

Himmelfarb Library Faculty Posters and Presentations

Recognizing that while medical students are learning to care for others, they are often taking poor care of themselves, librarians at the George Washington University's Himmelfarb Health Sciences Library developed a three-pronged Healthy Living initiative, launched in the fall 2012 semester. Focusing on diet/nutrition, exercise, and stress reduction, the initiative included new collections and multiple activities with partners from both on and off-campus.

The Himmelfarb Library Annual Art Show: Celebrating The Creative Abilities Of Faculty, Staff, And Students, Christopher D. Cook, Kelly Knight, Elaine Sullo

Himmelfarb Library Faculty Posters and Presentations

Himmelfarb Health Sciences Library at the George Washington University has held an annual art show since 1987. Students, staff, faculty, and clinicians from the School of Medicine and Health Sciences, the School of Public Health and Health Services, the School of Nursing, the GW Hospital, and Himmelfarb Health Sciences Library are invited to submit artwork to be displayed throughout the first floor of the library in a month-long display. The talent of the artists is celebrated at an opening reception where light refreshments are served and students, staff, and faculty mingle and view the art.

Library art shows serve as …

Past, Present, And Future: Create A Library Video To Promote Outreach And Marketing!, Gisela Butera, Alicia Pinkney, Alexandra Gomes

Himmelfarb Library Faculty Posters and Presentations

In the fall of 2011, the Himmelfarb Health Sciences Library Marketing Committee was tasked with creating a video on the history of the library. As the project developed, a broader scope was outlined to capture not only our past but our current staff, services, and programs with a goal of using it for outreach. The final video project was completed in Spring 2012.

Adolescents And Parents' Perceptions Of Best Time For Sex And Sexual Communications From Two Communities In The Eastern And Volta Regions Of Ghana: Implications For Hiv And Aids Education, Emmanuel Asampong, Joseph Osafo, Jeffrey Bingenheimer, Clement Ahiadeke

Prevention and Community Health Faculty Publications

Background

Adolescents and parents’ differ in their perceptions regarding engaging in sexual activity and protecting themselves from pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). The views of adolescents and parents from two south-eastern communities in Ghana regarding best time for sex and sexual communications were examined.

Methods

Focus Group interviews were conducted with parents and adolescents (both In-school and Out-of school) from two communities (Somanya and Adidome) in the Eastern and Volta regions of Ghana with epidemiological differentials in HIV infection.

Results

Findings showed parents and adolescents agree that the best timing for sexual activity amongst adolescents is determined by socioeconomic …

Providing Outreach And Enrollment Assistance: Lessons Learned From Community Health Centers In Massachusetts, Julia Paradise, Sara J. Rosenbaum, Peter Shin, Jessica Sharac, Carmen Alvarez, Julia Zur, Leighton Ku

Geiger Gibson/RCHN Community Health Foundation Research Collaborative

In 2006, major health care reform legislation was enacted in Massachusetts. In many ways a prototype for the Affordable Care Act (ACA), the Massachusetts law required nearly all state residents to obtain health insurance, and made insurance accessible and affordable by reforming the health insurance market and providing subsidies for coverage through expansions of Medicaid and CHIP and a new program for low-income adults who are not eligible for Medicaid, known as Commonwealth Care. The law also created the “Connector,” which, like the ACA’s health insurance Marketplaces, is designed to facilitate and simplify access to insurance for individuals, families, and …

Determining Who Responds Better To A Computer Vs. Human-Delivered Physical Activity Intervention: Results From The Community Health Advice By Telephone (Chat) Trial, Eric B. Hekler, Matthew P. Buman, Jennifer Otten, Cynthia M. Castro, Lauren Grieco, Bess Marcus, Robert H. Friedman, Melissa A. Napolitano, Abby C. King

Prevention and Community Health Faculty Publications

Background

Little research has explored who responds better to an automated vs. human advisor for health behaviors in general, and for physical activity (PA) promotion in particular. The purpose of this study was to explore baseline factors (i.e., demographics, motivation, interpersonal style, and external resources) that moderate intervention efficacy delivered by either a human or automated advisor.

Methods

Data were from the CHAT Trial, a 12-month randomized controlled trial to increase PA among underactive older adults (full trial N = 218) via a human advisor or automated interactive voice response advisor. Trial results indicated significant increases in PA in both …

Hiv-1 Nef Targets Calnexin: A Novel Mechanism Behind Nef Effects On Host Cell And Viral Proteins, Lucas Jennelle, Ruth Hunegnaw, Dmitri Sviridov, Michael I. Bukrinsky

Medicine Faculty Posters and Presentations

No abstract provided.

Epidemiology Of Esophageal Cancer, Yuwei Zhang

Environmental and Occupational Health Faculty Publications

Esophageal cancer (EsC) is one of the least studied and deadliest cancers worldwide because of its extremely aggressive nature and poor survival rate. It ranks sixth among all cancers in mortality. In retrospective studies of EsC, smoking, hot tea drinking, red meat consumption, poor oral health, low intake of fresh fruit and vegetables, and low socioeconomic status have been associated with a higher risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Barrett’s esophagus is clearly recognized as a risk factor for EsC, and dysplasia remains the only factor useful for identifying patients at increased risk, for the development of esophageal adenocarcinoma in …

Palliative Care For The Medically Complex Child, Melanie Anspacher, Neha H. Shah

E-Learning Modules

**From the AAMC website: Contains time-sensitive information that will likely be inaccurate, obsolete, or irrelevant by August 12, 2016**

Children with special health care needs are increasingly prevalent in US hospitals. The pediatric hospitalist is often the primary provider of inpatient care for these patients. The Complex Care Curriculum was developed to provide a multi-modal educational curriculum for providers with the overall goal of improving inpatient care for this population. The curriculum is composed primarily of a series of topic-specific learning modules. This particular resource was created to provide pediatricians with educational materials related to palliative care for the medically …

Cold Atmospheric Plasma For Selectively Ablating Metastatic Breast Cancer Cells, Mian Wang, Benjamin Holmes, Xiaoqian Cheng, Wei Zhu, Michael Keidar, Lijie Grace Zhang

Medicine Faculty Publications

Traditional breast cancer treatments such as surgery and radiotherapy contain many inherent limitations with regards to incomplete and nonselective tumor ablation. Cold atomospheric plasma (CAP) is an ionized gas where the ion temperature is close to room temperature. It contains electrons, charged particles, radicals, various excited molecules, UV photons and transient electric fields. These various compositional elements have the potential to either enhance and promote cellular activity, or disrupt and destroy them. In particular, based on this unique composition, CAP could offer a minimally-invasive surgical approach allowing for specific cancer cell or tumor tissue removal without influencing healthy cells. Thus, …

Determine Tb-Lam Lateral Flow Urine Antigen Assay For Hiv-Associated Tuberculosis: Recommendations On The Design And Reporting Of Clinical Studies, Stephen D. Lawn, Keertan Dheda, Andrew D. Kerkhoff, Jonathan G. Peter, Susan Dorman, Catharina C. Boehme, Mark P. Nicol

Medicine Faculty Publications

Detection of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis cell wall antigen lipoarabinomannan (LAM) in urine permits diagnoses of tuberculosis (TB) to be made in HIV-infected patients with advanced immunodeficiency. This can be achieved at the point-of-care within just 30 minutes using the Determine TB-LAM, which is a commercially available, lateral-flow urine ‘strip test’ assay. The assay has been shown to have useful diagnostic accuracy in patients enrolling in antiretroviral treatment services or in HIV-infected patients requiring admission to hospital medical wards in sub-Saharan Africa. Such patients have high mortality risk and have most to gain from rapid diagnosis of TB and immediate initiation …

Peripheral Laser Iridoplasty Opens Angle In Plateau Iris By Thinning The Cross-Sectional Tissues, Ji Liu, Tania Lamba, David A. Belyea

Ophthalmology Faculty Publications

Plateau iris syndrome has been described as persistent angle narrowing or occlusion with intraocular pressure elevation after peripheral iridotomy due to the abnormal plateau iris configuration. Argon laser peripheral iridoplasty (ALPI) is an effective adjunct procedure to treat plateau iris syndrome. Classic theory suggests that the laser causes the contraction of the far peripheral iris stroma, "pulls" the iris away from the angle, and relieves the iris-angle apposition. We report a case of plateau iris syndrome that was successfully treated with ALPI. Spectral domain optical coherence tomography confirmed the angle was open at areas with laser treatment but remained appositionally …

Himmelfarb Library Liaison Letter - September 2013, George Washington University, Himmelfarb Health Sciences Library

Himmelfarb Library Liaison Letters

No abstract provided.

Neonatal Neurobehavioral Abnormalities And Mri Brain Injury In Encephalopathic Newborns Treated With Hypothermia, Maya B. Coleman, Penny Glass, Judy Brown, Nadja Kadom, Tammy Tsuchida, Joseph Scafidi, Taeun Chang, Gilbert Vezina, An Nguyen Massaro

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Background

Neonatal Encephalopathy (NE) is a prominent cause of infant mortality and neurodevelopmental disability. Hypothermia is an effective neuroprotective therapy for newborns with encephalopathy. Post-hypothermia functional–anatomical correlation between neonatal neurobehavioral abnormalities and brain injury findings on MRI in encephalopathic newborns has not been previously described.

Aim

To evaluate the relationship between neonatal neurobehavioral abnormalities and brain injury on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in encephalopathic newborns treated with therapeutic hypothermia.

Study design

Neonates with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) referred for therapeutic hypothermia were prospectively enrolled in this observational study. Neurobehavioral functioning was assessed with the NICU network neurobehavioral scale (NNNS) performed …

Anesthetic Considerations For Robot-Assisted Gynecologic And Urology Surgery, Jeffrey S. Berger, Taghreed Alshaeri, Rayo Lukula, Paul Dangerfield

Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Faculty Publications

Robotic surgery was first conceived by the United States military in the 1980s. It rapidly developed in both complexity and utility and, in the early 21st century, modern robotic surgery for gynecologic and urologic surgery gained approval in the United States. Today, an ever-increasing number and variety of surgical procedures enlist robotic-assistance.

Numerous anesthetic considerations for robotic surgery exist. A few of the most important aspects of conducting a safe anesthetic include: investigating the patient’s co-morbid conditions, realizing the risks associated with the robotic equipment, and positioning the patient with care.

This manuscript reviews the current literature on robotic-assisted surgery …

Does Comorbidity Increase The Risk Of Mortality Among Children Under 3 Years Of Age?, Christa L. Fischer Walker, Jamie Perin, Jodi L. Liu, Joanne Katz, James M. Tielsch, Robert Black

Global Health Faculty Publications

Objectives Diarrhoea and pneumonia remain leading causes of morbidity and mortality in children under 5 years of age. Little data is available to quantify the burden of comorbidity and the relationship between comorbid diarrhoea and pneumonia infections and mortality. We sought to quantify the relationship between comorbidity and risk of mortality among young children in two community-based studies conducted among South Asian children.

Design Secondary data analysis of two cohort studies.

Participants We identified two cohort studies of children under 3 years of age with prospective morbidity at least once every 2 weeks and ongoing mortality surveillance.

Outcome measures We …

Plasma S-Adenosylmethionine, Dnmt Polymorphisms, And Peripheral Blood Line-1 Methylation Among Healthy Chinese Adults In Singapore, Maki Inoue-Choi, Heather H. Nelson, Kim Robien, Erland Arning, Teodoro Bottiglieri, Woon-Puay Koh, Jian-Min Yuan

Epidemiology Faculty Publications

Background

Global hypomethylation of repetitive DNA sequences is believed to occur early in tumorigenesis. There is a great interest in identifying factors that contribute to global DNA hypomethylation and associated cancer risk. We tested the hypothesis that plasma S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) level alone or in combination with genetic variation in DNA methyltransferases (DNMT1, DNMT3A andDNMT3B) was associated with global DNA methylation extent at long interspersed nucleotide element-1 (LINE-1) sequences.

Methods

Plasma SAM level and LINE-1 DNA methylation index were measured using stored blood samples collected from 440 healthy Singaporean Chinese adults during 1994-1999. Genetic polymorphisms of …

Allostatic Load Amplifies The Effect Of Blood Lead Levels On Elevated Blood Pressure Among Middle-Aged U.S. Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study, Ami R. Zota, Edmond R. Shenassa, Rachel Morello-Frosch

Environmental and Occupational Health Faculty Publications

Background

Scientists and regulators have sought to understand whether and how physiologic dysregulation due to chronic stress exposure may enhance vulnerability to the adverse health effects of toxicant exposures. We conducted a cross-sectional study to determine whether allostatic load (AL), a composite measure of physiologic response to chronic exposure to stress, amplifies the effect of lead exposure on blood pressure among middle-aged adults.

Methods

We analyzed associations between blood lead levels and blood pressure in a nationally representative sample of 8,194 U.S. adults (aged 40-65 years) participating in the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey, 1999--2008. Outcomes were elevated systolic …

Increased Reticulocytosis During Infancy Is Associated With Increased Hospitalizations In Sickle Cell Anemia Patients During The First Three Years Of Life, Emily Riehm Meier, Colleen Byrnes, Y. Terry Lee, Elizabeth C. Wright, Alan N. Schechter, Naomi L. Luban, Jeffrey L. Miller

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Objective

Among older children with sickle cell anemia, leukocyte counts, hemoglobin, and reticulocytosis have previously been suggested as disease severity markers. Here we explored whether these blood parameters may be useful to predict early childhood disease severity when tested in early infancy, defined as postnatal ages 60–180 days.

Study Design

Data from fifty-nine subjects who were followed at Children’s National Medical Center’s Sickle Cell Program for at least three years was retrospectively analyzed. Comparisons were made between white blood cell counts, hemoglobin and reticulocyte levels measured at ages 60–180 days and the clinical course of sickle cell anemia during infancy …

The Science-Of-Team-Science, Transdisciplinary Capacity, And Shifting Paradigms For Translational Professionals, Gaetano R. Lotrecchiano

Clinical Research and Leadership Faculty Publications

The Science-of-Team-Science (SciTS) has become an important area of study as collaborative research becomes more normative throughout science inquiry and especially in medical and healthcare sectors. Team science aims for higher and collaborative levels of inquiry that operate within economies of knowledge similar to transdisciplinarity that strive to synthesize knowledge and innovate as a result of newly developed and hybridized methods of approach. This newly becoming and normalizing mode of science will require professionals to be aware of and embrace the shifting realities which have been the consequence of this new economy of knowledge. The next century of inquiry will …

Ereply. Re: Balancing The Pulmonary Circulation In Tricuspid Atresia With An Aortopulmonary Window, Pranava Sinha, Syed Murfad Peer, Mary T. Donofrio

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Appendicitis Is Like A Box Of Chocolates, Clint D. Cappiello, Phillip C. Guzzetta, Faisal G. Qureshi

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Appendicitis is the most commonly encountered abdominal emergency in pediatric surgery. However, the presentation of acute appendicitis is as diverse as the patient population. We present here a case of appendicitis presenting as an intra-abdominal mass consistent with lymphoma. Our patient is a 3 year old male with an atypical presentation of acute appendicitis. Additionally, he was found to have malrotation at the time of surgery. A delayed presentation, coupled with anomalous laboratory findings and aberrant anatomy made for a difficult diagnosis and overall interesting case of appendicitis.

Analysis Of Lmnb1 Duplications In Autosomal Dominant Leukodystrophy Provides Insights Into Duplication Mechanisms And Allele-Specific Expression, Elisa Giorgio, Harshvardhan Rolyan, Laura Kropp, Anish Baswanth Chakka, Svetlana Yatsenko, Adeline Vanderver, +31 Additional Authors

Neurology Faculty Publications

Autosomal dominant leukodystrophy (ADLD) is an adult onset demyelinating disorder that is caused by duplications of the lamin B1 (LMNB1) gene. However, as only a few cases have been analyzed in detail, the mechanisms underlying LMNB1 duplications are unclear. We report the detailed molecular analysis of the largest collection of ADLD families studied, to date. We have identified the minimal duplicated region necessary for the disease, defined all the duplication junctions at the nucleotide level and identified the first inverted LMNB1 duplication. We have demonstrated that the duplications are not recurrent; patients with identical duplications …

Himmelfarb Headlines - August/September 2013, George Washington University, Himmelfarb Health Sciences Library

Himmelfarb Headlines (2009 - present)

News and information about Himmelfarb Health Sciences Library of interest to users. Includes articles on linked data and the Semantic Web, Amirsys Imaging Reference Center, and profiles of Hiroki Morizono and Julie Silverman.

Bendamustine Combined With Rituximab For Patients With Relapsed Or Refractory Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma, Jeffrey L. Vacirca, Peter I. Acs, Imad A. Tabbara, Peter J. Rosen, Peter Lee, Eric Lynam

Medicine Faculty Publications

Patients with relapsed or refractory diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) are treated with salvage regimens and may be considered for high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation if disease is chemosensitive. Bendamustine is active in indolent B cell lymphomas and chronic lymphocytic leukemia but has not been extensively studied in aggressive lymphomas. This trial examines the combination of bendamustine and rituximab in patients with relapsed and refractory DLBCL. Patients received bendamustine at 90 mg/m2 (n = 2) or 120 mg/m2 (n = 57) on days 1 and 2 and rituximab at 375 mg/m2 on day 1 every …