Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

A Multi-Center, Two-Arm, Single-Blind Randomized Trial Of Two Different Intravenous Fluids During Labor (Poster)., Lisa M. Dapuzzo-Argiriou Md, John C. Smulian Md, Mph, Meredith Rochon Md, Luisa Galdi Do, Jessika Kissling Md, Peter F. Schnatz Do, George Neubert Md, Angel Gonzalez-Rios Md, James Airoldi Md, Mary Anne Carrillo Md, Jaimie Maines Md, Allen R. Kunselman Ms, John Repke Md, Richard S. Legro Md

Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology

No abstract provided.

An Ethnobotanical, Ecological And Lc-Ms-Based Chemometric Investigation Of Phaleria Nisidai, A Traditional Adaptogen Containing Diterpene Esters From Palau, Micronesia, Daniel Kulakowski

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

An ethnobotanical, ecological and LC-MS-based chemometric investigation of Phaleria nisidai, a traditional adaptogen containing diterpene esters from Palau, Micronesia

Palau is a country with a rich heritage of traditional medicine still being practiced. One of the most popular and respected remedies in Palau is a tea made from fresh leaves of Phaleria nisidai Kaneh. (Thymelaeaceae). Interviews conducted to determine the use of this plant revealed that it is employed non-specifically to treat a variety of general health concerns. Its use as a prophylactic to keep away sickness, as a 'system cleaner', as well as for strength and energy indicate …

Adaptive Pair-Matching In The Search Trial And Estimation Of The Intervention Effect, Laura Balzer, Maya L. Petersen, Mark J. Van Der Laan

U.C. Berkeley Division of Biostatistics Working Paper Series

In randomized trials, pair-matching is an intuitive design strategy to protect study validity and to potentially increase study power. In a common design, candidate units are identified, and their baseline characteristics used to create the best n/2 matched pairs. Within the resulting pairs, the intervention is randomized, and the outcomes measured at the end of follow-up. We consider this design to be adaptive, because the construction of the matched pairs depends on the baseline covariates of all candidate units. As consequence, the observed data cannot be considered as n/2 independent, identically distributed (i.i.d.) pairs of units, as current practice assumes. …

Concomitant Socioeconomic, Behavioral, And Biological Factors Associated With The Disproportionate Hiv Infection Burden Among Black Men Who Have Sex With Men In 6 U.S. Cities, Kenneth H. Mayer, Lei Wang, Beryl A. Koblin, Sharon B. Mannheimer, Manya Magnus, +13 Additional Authors

Epidemiology Faculty Publications

Background

American Black men who have sex with men (MSM) are disproportionately affected by HIV, but the factors associated with this concentrated epidemic are not fully understood.

Methods

Black MSM were enrolled in 6 US cities to evaluate a multi-component prevention intervention, with the current analysis focusing on the correlates of being newly diagnosed with HIV compared to being HIV-uninfected or previously diagnosed with HIV.

Results

HPTN 061 enrolled 1553 Black MSM whose median age was 40; 30% self-identified exclusively as gay or homosexual, 29% exclusively as bisexual, and 3% as transgender. About 1/6th(16.2%) were previously diagnosed with HIV (PD); …

The Santa Clara, 2014-01-30, Santa Clara University

The Santa Clara

No abstract provided.

The Santa Clara, 2014-01-23, Santa Clara University

The Santa Clara

No abstract provided.

Is Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy An Effective Treatment For Autism? A Review, Daniel Dunleavy, Bruce A. Thyer

Journal of Adolescent and Family Health

Objectives: We review outcome studies regarding the effectiveness of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) for Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). Method: Studies were identified through electronic bibliographic databases and manual searches of article reference lists. Results: A total of 8 studies met eligibility criteria, consisting of three randomized controlled trials (RCTs), one quasi-experimental study involving a comparison group, two pre-experimental one-group pretest–posttest studies, and two single-system designs. Studies reviewed did not offer credible evidence to suggest that HBOT is an effective treatment for autism. Conclusion: It is premature to call HBOT an effective treatment for Autism and ASD. Individuals clinically treated with …

The Santa Clara, 2014-01-16, Santa Clara University

The Santa Clara

No abstract provided.

Predictors And Moderators Of Outcomes Of Hiv/Std Sex Risk Reduction Interventions In Substance Abuse Treatment Programs: A Pooled Analysis Of Two Randomized Controlled Trials, Paul Crits-Christoph, Robert Gallop, Jaclyn S. Sadicario, Hannah M. Markell, Donald A. Calsyn, Wan Tang, Hua He, Xin Tu, George Woody

Mathematics Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Introduction To Volume 6, Michael Sherr

Journal of Adolescent and Family Health

Introduction to Volume 6

The Santa Clara, 2014-01-09, Santa Clara University

The Santa Clara

No abstract provided.

Assessing The Optimal Virulence Of Malaria‐Targeting Mosquito Pathogens: A Mathematical Study Of Engineered Metarhizium Anisopliae, Bernhard Konrad, Michael R. Lindstrom, Anja Gumpinger, Jielin Zhu, Daniel Coombs

School of Mathematical & Statistical Sciences Faculty Publications

Background

Metarhizium anisopliae is a naturally occurring fungal pathogen of mosquitoes. Recently, Metarhizium has been engineered to act against malaria by directly killing the disease agent within mosquito vectors and also effectively blocking onward transmission. It has been proposed that efforts should be made to minimize the virulence of the fungal pathogen, in order to slow the development of resistant mosquitoes following an actual deployment.

Results

Two mathematical models were developed and analysed to examine the efficacy of the fungal pathogen. It was found that, in many plausible scenarios, the best effects are achieved with a reduced or minimal pathogen …

Relationship Between Altitude And Lithium In Groundwater In The United States Of America: Results Of A 1992–2003 Study, Rebekah S. Huber, Namkug Kim, Carl E. Renshaw, Perry F. Renshaw, Douglas Kondo

Dartmouth Scholarship

Therapeutic dosages of lithium are known to reduce suicide rates, which has led to investigations of confounding environmental risk factors for suicide such as lithium in groundwater. It has been speculated that this might play a role in the potential relationship between suicide and altitude. A recent study in Austria involving geospatial analysis of lithium in groundwater and suicide found lower levels of lithium at higher altitudes. Since there is no reason to suspect this correlation is universal given variation in geology, the current study set out to investigate the relationship between altitude and lithium in groundwater in the United …

Skin Lesion Extraction And Its Application, Yanliang Gu

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports - Open

In this thesis, I study skin lesion detection and its applications to skin cancer diagnosis. A skin lesion detection algorithm is proposed. The proposed algorithm is based color information and threshold. For the proposed algorithm, several color spaces are studied and the detection results are compared. Experimental results show that YUV color space can achieve the best performance. Besides, I develop a distance histogram based threshold selection method and the method is proven to be better than other adaptive threshold selection methods for color detection. Besides the detection algorithms, I also investigate GPU speed-up techniques for skin lesion extraction and …

Meta-Analysis Of Social-Personality Psychological Research, Blair T. Johnson, Alice H. Eagly

CHIP Documents

This publication provides a contemporary treatment of the subject of meta-analysis in relation to social-personality psychology. Meta-analysis literally refers to the statistical pooling of the results of independent studies on a given subject, although in practice it refers as well to other steps of research synthesis, including defining the question under investigation, gathering all available research reports, coding of information about the studies and their effects, and interpretation/dissemination of results. Discussed as well are the hallmarks of high-quality meta-analyses.

Effects Of Oxidation On Protein-Nanoparticle Interactions, Valdez R. Rahming, Md. Abul Fazal

Chemistry Faculty Publications

Aims: Upon entrance into the blood stream most nanoparticles bind to an array of proteins forming a “protein corona”. Fibrinogen is the second most abundant blood protein and has been reported to bind to a variety of nanoparticles including metal oxides, polymeric nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes.
Study Design: Study the effects of oxidation on the binding interactions between human serum fibrinogen and magnetic iron (III) oxide nanoparticles.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Chemistry, College of St. Benedict, 37 South College Avenue, St. Joseph, MN 56374, U.S.A., between June 2011 and May 2012.
Methodology: Spectroscopic techniques (UV-Vis, IR, fluorescence, …

Women In Leadership: How A Woman’S Background Affects Her Leadership Style, Serena Bahe, Richard Ruiz, Armando Tejeda, Steven Sill

Verbum Incarnatum: An Academic Journal of Social Justice

Stereotypes and beliefs about women have often kept them from equality with men. What is more striking is that women perpetuate the stereotypes and beliefs as much as men and society as a whole. This literature review focuses on three areas in a woman’s background that influence her ability to lead: a) triggers that propel her into a leadership position, b) the “intersectionalities” or multiple identities and personalities a woman must have to be an effective leader, and c) how the context of where she leads affects her leadership behavior. It also addresses the need for more research to identify …

A New Methodology For The Synthesis Of 2-Alkyl-5,6-Bis(Alkylthio)Benzo[D]Thiazole-4,7-Dione, Jeena Foronda

Capstone Research Projects

Cancer is a rapidly growing fatal disease and with the various thiazole compounds being scientifically generated, possible treatment options can be implemented. Proper synthesis of 2,3-dimethoxy-1,4-benzoquinone allows for a variety of compounds to be made with further treatment of alkylthio reagents. Both thioacetamide and thiobenzamide are used to react with 2,3-dimethoxy-1,4-benzoquinone in order to build a library of thiazoles. Final compounds can be tested for the ability to inhibit recombinant enzyme activity and the capability to kill tumor cells. A basic oxidation procedure along with nucleophilic attack was used to create target products.

Engineering Collaborations In Medical Modeling And Simulation, Frederic D. Mckenzie, Salim Chemlal, Tom Hubbard, Robert E. Kelly, Roderick C. Borgie, David A. Besachio, Michel Audette

Computational Modeling & Simulation Engineering Faculty Publications

Fifty years ago computer science was just beginning to see common acceptance as a growing discipline and very few universities had a computer science department although other departments were utilizing computers and software to enhance their methodologies. We believe modeling and simulation (M&S) is on a similar path. Many other disciplines utilize M&S to enhance their methodologies but we also believe that M&S fundamentals can be essential in making better decisions by utilizing the appropriate model for the problem at hand, expanding the solution space through simulation, and understanding it through visualization and proper analyses. After our students learn these …

Nudging The Fda, W. Nicholson Price Ii, I. Glenn Cohen

Law Faculty Scholarship

[Excerpt] "The FDA’s regulation of drugs is frequently the subject of policy debate, with arguments falling into two camps. On the one hand, a libertarian view of patients and the health care system holds high the value of consumer choice. Patients should get all the information and the drugs they want; the FDA should do what it can to enforce some basic standards but should otherwise get out of the way. On the other hand, a paternalist view values the FDA’s role as an expert agency standing between patients and a set of potentially dangerous drugs and potentially unscrupulous or …

Estimating Population Treatment Effects From A Survey Sub-Sample, Kara E. Rudolph, Ivan Diaz, Michael Rosenblum, Elizabeth A. Stuart

Johns Hopkins University, Dept. of Biostatistics Working Papers

We consider the problem of estimating an average treatment effect for a target population from a survey sub-sample. Our motivating example is generalizing a treatment effect estimated in a sub-sample of the National Comorbidity Survey Replication Adolescent Supplement to the population of U.S. adolescents. To address this problem, we evaluate easy-to-implement methods that account for both non-random treatment assignment and a non-random two-stage selection mechanism. We compare the performance of a Horvitz-Thompson estimator using inverse probability weighting (IPW) and two double robust estimators in a variety of scenarios. We demonstrate that the two double robust estimators generally outperform IPW in …

2014 Abstracts Student Research Conference, Student Research Conference

Student Research Conference Select Presentations

No abstract provided.

Vibrational Spectroscopy: Disease Diagnostics And Beyond, Hugh Byrne, Kamila Ostrowska, Haq Nawaz, Jennifer Dorney, Aidan Meade, Franck Bonnier, Fiona Lyng

Books/Book Chapters

Summary

This chapter outlines some developments in the applications of vibrational spectroscopy for disease diagnostics and demonstrates how the applications of the spectroscopic techniques can be extended to the analysis and evaluation of disease aetiology and the mechanisms of interaction and the cellular and subcellular responses to, for example chemotherapeutic agents and nanoparticles. The primary emphasis is on Raman spectroscopy, although some examples are based on infrared absorption spectroscopy. The studies presented are chosen to illustrate how a range of multivariate analytical techniques can be employed to maximize the potential benefits of the complex spectral information obtained from tissue or …

Lost In Translation: Animal Models And Clinical Trials In Cancer Treatment, Isabella W.Y. Mak, Nathan Evaniew, Michelle Ghert

Human Clinical Trials Collection

Due to practical and ethical concerns associated with human experimentation, animal models have been essential in cancer research. However, the average rate of successful translation from animal models to clinical cancer trials is less than 8%. Animal models are limited in their ability to mimic the extremely complex process of human carcinogenesis, physiology and progression. Therefore the safety and efficacy identified in animal studies is generally not translated to human trials. Animal models can serve as an important source of in vivo information, but alternative translational approaches have emerged that may eventually replace the link between in vitro studies and …

Morquio A Syndrome-Associated Mutations: A Review Of Alterations In The Galns Gene And A New Locus-Specific Database, A Morrone, A Caciotti, R Atwood, K Davidson, C Du, Patricia Francis-Lyon, P Harmatz, M Mealiffe, S Mooney, T R. Oron, A Ryles, K A. Zawadzki, N Miller

Nursing and Health Professions Faculty Research and Publications

Morquio A syndrome (mucopolysaccharidosis IVA) is an autosomal recessive disorder that results from deficient activity of the enzyme N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfatase (GALNS) due to alterations in the GALNS gene, which causes major skeletal and connective tissue abnormalities and effects on multiple organ systems. The GALNS alterations associated with Morquio A are numerous and heterogeneous, and new alterations are continuously identified. To aid detection and interpretation of GALNS alterations, from previously published research, we provide a comprehensive and up-to-date listing of 277 unique GALNS alterations associated with Morquio A identified from 1,091 published GALNS alleles. In agreement with previous findings, most reported GALNS …

Plan B Career Information: Annotated Resource List, Elizabeth Howard

Undergraduate Research Award

No abstract provided.

Santa Clara Magazine, Volume 56 Number 1, Fall 2014, Santa Clara University

Santa Clara Magazine

14 - HEARING THE CRY OF THE POOR: The Jesuit martyrs of El Salvador by Ron Hansen M.A. ’95. Their murder in November 1989 marked a turning point in the country’s civil war. What do they have to say to us now?

25 - THE OPEN WINDOW by Lucía Cerna. A first-person account by the housekeeper in the Jesuit community at the University of Central America. She witnessed the killing of six Jesuits by government soldiers, and telling the truth about that night cost her dearly.

29 - WHAT DO YOU STAND FOR? By Mary Jo (Hull) Ignoffo ’78. The …

Santa Clara Magazine, Volume 55 Number 2, Winter 2014, Santa Clara University

Santa Clara Magazine

16 - RISE UP, MY LOVE by Brian Doyle. There are sanctuaries built for worship—and that carry beauty visible to everyone. Then there are the improvised places of faith, more subtle in how they speak to the wonder worked there.

18 - THE CHAPLAIN IS IN THE HOUSE by Jeremy Herb ’08 with Ppotos by Pat Semansky ’08. With the way things have gone recently in Congress, looking to the heavens for some help and guidance might seem like a very good idea. Enter Pat Conroy, S.J., M.Div. ’83.

24 - WELCOME TO CITIZENVILLE by Jim Cottrill. Who published the …

Evaluation Of Presynaptic Dopamine Dynamics After: Toluene Inhalation Or Trkb Receptor Activation, Aaron Kwaku Apawu

Wayne State University Dissertations

Dopamine (DA) neurons in the striatum mediate several functions of the brain and have been linked to a host of neurological disorders including Parkinson's disease and addiction, both of which occur as a result of dysfunction in the DA system. In the present study, our first objective was to understand how the striatal DA system adapts to acute and repeated administration of inhalant toluene. The use of toluene as inhalant, like other drugs of abuse, is known to perturb DA neurotransmission in the brain reward pathway. However, the exact mechanism underling toluene's influence on striatal DA neurotransmission is unknown. The …

Numerical Algorithms For Solving A Generalized Cancer Chemotherapy Problem, Frank Nani, Mingxian Jin

Math and Computer Science Faculty Working Papers

In this paper, two elaborate numerical algorithms are presented for solving the Nani- Oguztoreli functional differential equations associated with cell-cycle specific cancer chemotherapy. The generalized cell-cycle specific cancer chemotherapy model of Nani- Oguztoreli contains discrete time delays which represent the times that the cancer cells spend in each cell-cycle phase. The model also takes into account that inter-cell cycle phase transition rate constants, recruitment of resting cells from the GO phase, and effect of chemotherapy drug on cells in each phase. The algorithms utilize a modified version of the Method of Steps algorithms. The constructed numerical schemes can be implemented …