Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Levels Of Protein C And Protein S, Tissue-Plasminogen Activator, And Fibrinogen During Cardiopulmonary Bypass, Yahya Ünlü, Sali̇m B. Teki̇n, Hi̇kmet Koçak

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Aim: The exposure of blood to foreign surfaces during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) leads to an activation of the coagulation system. The goal of this study was to evaluate the levels of protein C and protein S, tissue-plasminogen activator (t-PA) and fibrinogen before, during and after CPB. Materials and Methods: Thirty-three patients undergoing elective coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and 11 patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery (control group) were included in this study. Blood samples were taken at different time intervals preoperatively, before, during and after CPB, and in the postoperative period. Protein C and protein S, t-PA and fibrinogen levels were …

Cryptosporidiosis Among Children Attending Al-Nasser Pediatric Hospital, Gaza, Palestine, Adnan Ibrahim Al-Hindi, Abdelraouf A. Elmanama, Kamal Jad Allah Elnabris

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Aim: The present study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of cryptosporidiosis in patients with diarrhea who attended Al-Nasser Pediatric Hospital in Gaza. Materials and Methods: From January to May 2005, single stool specimens from each of 416 children attending Al-Nasser Hospital were examined by Ziehl Neelsen (ZN) stain and ELISA for the presence of Cryptosporidium oocysts. Results: Cryptosporidium oocysts were detected in 62 (14.9%) of the tested specimens by acid-fast staining technique and in 68 (16.3%) using ELISA kit. The number of infected females was found to be significantly higher than males (P = 0.03). The highest number of …

Effect Of Montelukast Treatment On Serum Paraoxonase Activity In Asthmatic Children, Murat Can, A. Görkem Mungan, Şerefden Açikgöz, Bi̇rol Yüksel, Selda Demi̇rtaş, Nazan Tomaç

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Montelukast, widely used in the treatment of asthma, is a selective and potent oral cysteinyl leukotriene-1 receptor antagonist. In this study, we investigated the effects of montelukast on oxidative stress and antioxidant defense in childhood asthma by measuring malondialdehyde and the paraoxonase activity. Twenty-five children with mild to moderate atopic asthma and 25 nonatopic children as controls were enrolled in the study. Asthmatic children were treated with montelukast, 5 mg tablets, for one month. Serum paraoxonase, malondialdehyde and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels were measured before and after treatment. Serum paraoxonase and paraoxonase/HDL ratios were significantly increased after montelukast treatment. …

New Replacement Of A Thrombosed Mitral Valve Via Right Anterolateral Thoracotomy In A Patient With Coronary Artery By-Pass Graft And Functioning Internal Mammary Artery Graft, Münacetti̇n Cevi̇z, Neci̇p Beci̇t, Bi̇lgehan Erkut, Hi̇kmet Koçak

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

A 49-year-old male, who had undergone mitral valve replacement with mechanical cardiac valve and coronary arterial by-pass grafting six years previously, was admitted to our hospital with acute dyspnea. Transesophageal echocardiography revealed that one of the leaflets of the prosthetic valve was entirely immobilized in the closed position, and an immobile soft tissue mass was detected on the ventricular side of the obstructed leaflet. We performed re-replacement using a 29-mm mechanical prosthetic St. Jude valve under deep hypothermic circulatory arrest via right atrial thoracotomy. Postoperative course was uneventful, and the patient was discharged with oral anticoagulant therapy on day 7 …

Left Atrial Myxoma And Trichilemmal Cysts, Hasan Kocatürk, M. Cengi̇z Çolak, Hi̇kmet Koçak

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

A 56-year-old man had a 6 x 5-cm mass originating from the fossa ovalis in the atrial septum found by echocardiography and multiple enlarging scalp masses. The mass had a regular surface and was prolapsing into the mitral valve during diastole. The tumor was successfully treated by surgical excision, which revealed a well-defined mass with a narrow-base stalk originating from the fossa ovalis in the atrial septum. Histological examination confirmed the diagnosis of myxoma. The scalp masses were also removed surgically; histopathologic examination corresponded to benign trichilemmal cyst. The patient recovered without complication and was discharged 10 days after the …

An Impulse Control Disorder Case With Penile Fracture And Trichotillomania, Bi̇rgül Elbozan Cumurcu, Burhanetti̇n Kaya, Feryal Çam Çeli̇kel, Ahmet Soylu, Fi̇kret Erdemi̇r

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Penile fractures are classically described as presenting with rapid detumescence of an erection associated with blunt trauma. This clinical finding is due to a tear in the tunica albuginea surrounding the corpora cavernosum. In this study, we report and discuss a case of trichotillomania and penile bending impulse resulting in penile fracture, which was operated in the urology clinic. The possible psychological and psychiatric problems underlying the impulsive behavior are discussed, and the value of a psychiatric evaluation is emphasized.

The Endogenous Cannabinoid Anandamide Inhibits Cromakalim-Activated K+ Currents In Follicle-Enclosed Xenopus Oocytes, Murat Oz, Keun-Hang Susan Yang, Meral Dinc, Toni S. Shippenberg

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

The effect of the endogenous cannabinoid anandamide on K+ currents activated by the ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channel opener cromakalim was investigated in follicle-enclosed Xenopus oocytes using the two-electrode voltage-clamp technique. Anandamide (1–90 μM) reversibly inhibited cromakalim-induced K+ currents, with an IC50 value of 8.1 ± 2 μM. Inhibition was noncompetitive and independent of membrane potential. Coapplication of anandamide with the cannabinoid type 1 (CB1) receptor antagonist N-(piperidin-1-yl)-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboximide hydrochloride (SR 141716A) (1 μM), the CB2 receptor antagonist N-[(1S)endo-1,3,3-trimethyl bicyclo heptan-2-yl]-5-(4-chloro-3-methylphenyl)-1-(4-methylbenzyl)-pyrazole-3-carboxamide (SR144528) (1 μM), or pertussis toxin (5 μg/ml) did not alter the inhibitory effect of anandamide, suggesting that known cannabinoid receptors …

Visualizing The Function And Migration Of T Cells, Kari J. Dugger

All ETDs from UAB

Lymphocytes are highly mobile cells that can travel throughout the body in response to a multitude of stimuli. Identifying lymphocyte trafficking patterns in vivo is essential for a complete understanding of immune function. Cell-cell and cell-tissue interactions in immune development and in lymphocyte response to stimuli can be comprehended with these investigations. Although the location of cell populations in various tissues at any given point in time may be investigated by techniques such as flow cytometry and immunofluorescence, these methods are not easily used in the assessment of dynamic cell migration patterns in vivo. In the past years, technologies for …

The Role Of Chloride In The Volume Regulation Of Human Glioma Cells, Nola Jean Ernest

All ETDs from UAB

According to the Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States, the most common primary brain tumors are gliomas, tumors composed of cells of glial origin, most commonly astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. The most aggressive of these tumors are characterized by hyperproliferation, marked cellular and nuclear atypia, extensive infiltration into surrounding normal brain tissue, and large areas of cell and tissue death. Previous data published by our lab and others suggest that these biological processes may involve regulated cell volume changes. Using cell volume regulation in the presence of an anisosmotic challenge as a model for cell swelling and shrinkage, cell …

The Substituted Pyrrole Jb-03-14 Induces Autophagic Cell Death And Growth Arrest In Breast Tumor Cells, Christopher Ryan Arthur

Theses and Dissertations

The use of chemotherapy in the treatment of cancer has stimulated the demand for better chemotherapeutic agents that are more potent at destroying tumor cell populations and more selective for the specific tumor versus normal host tissues. This project is directed at discovering new anti-tumor agents that are effective against breast cancer based on structures derived from marine organisms, specifically brominated pyrroles. We utilized an in vitro breast cancer model to study the effects of pyrroles on tumor proliferation and survival, as well as growth arrest and cell death. Our findings indicate that the substituted pyrrole JG-03-14 induces time dependent …

The Quantitative Genetics Of Neurodevelopment: A Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study Of Childhood And Adolescence, James Eric Schmitt

Theses and Dissertations

Understanding the causes of individual differences in brain structure may give clues about the etiology of cognition, personality, and psychopathology, and also may identify endophenotypes for molecular genetic studies on brain development. We performed a comprehensive statistical genetic study of anatomic neuroimaging data from a large pediatric sample (N=600+) of twins and family members from the Child Psychiatry Branch at the NIMH. These analyses included variance decomposition of structural volumetric endophenotypes at several levels of resolution, voxel-level analysis of cortical thickness, assessment of gene by age interaction, several multivariate genetic analyses, and a search for genetically-mediated brain-behavioral relationships. These analyses …

The Effect Of Walnuts Compared To Fatty Fish On Plasma And Erythrocyte Fatty Acid Composition, Lymphocyte Subsets And Inflammatory Mediators, Yu-Lan Ching

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of walnuts vs. fatty fish on circulating inflammatory markers, on lymphocyte subsets, on plasma concentrations of eicosanoids precursor polyunsaturated fatty acid and on erythrocyte membrane fatty acid composition. Under controlled metabolic feeding conditions and randomized crossover (3x3 Latin-square) design, 27 subjects alternately consumed a control diet, a walnut diet (1.5 oz (42.5g) /day of walnuts, 6 times/week) or a fish diet (8 oz (226g) /week of salmon) for 4 weeks each. Consumption of the walnut diet (ALA 5.43 g/day) compared to the fish diet (EPA 170 mg/day and DHA 590 …

Identification And Characterization Of Ogg1 Mutations In Patients With Alzheimer's Disease, Guogen Mao, Xiaoyu Pan, Beibei Zhu, Yanbin Zhang, Fenghua Yuan, Jian Huang, Mark A. Lovell, Maxwell P. Lee, William R. Markesbery, Guo-Min Li, Liya Gu

Toxicology and Cancer Biology Faculty Publications

Patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) exhibit higher levels of 8-oxo-guanine (8-oxoG) DNA lesions in their brain, suggesting a reduced or defective 8-oxoG repair. To test this hypothesis, this study investigated 14 AD patients and 10 age-matched controls for mutations of the major 8-oxoG removal gene OGG1. Whereas no alterations were detected in any control samples, four AD patients exhibited mutations in OGG1, two carried a common single base (C₇₉₆) deletion that alters the carboxyl terminal sequence of OGG1, and the other two had nucleotide alterations leading to single amino acid substitutions. In vitro biochemical assays revealed …

Functional Interplay Between The B-Box 2 And The B30.2(Spry) Domains Of Trim5Α, Xi Ling, Byeongwoon Song, Shi-Hua Xiang, Joseph Sodroski

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

The retroviral restriction factors, TRIM5α and TRIMCyp, consist of RING and B-box 2 domains separated by a coiled coil from carboxy-terminal domains. These carboxy-terminal domains (the B30.2(SPRY) domain in TRIM5α and the cyclophilin A domain in TRIMCyp) recognize the retroviral capsid. Here we show that some B-box 2 changes in TRIM5α, but not in TRIMCyp, resulted in decreased human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) capsid binding. The phenotypic effects of these B-box 2 changes on the restriction of retroviral infection depended on the potency of restriction and the affinity of the TRIM5α interaction with the viral capsid, two properties specified by the …

Characterization Of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Monomeric And Trimeric Gp120 Glycoproteins Stabilized In The Cd4-Bound State: Antigenicity, Biophysics, And Immunogenicity, Barna Dey, Marie Pancera, Krisha Svehla, Yuuei Shu, Shi-Hua Xiang, Jeffrey Vainshtein, Yuxing Li, Joseph Sodroski, Peter D. Kwong, John R. Mascola, Richard Wyatt

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 exterior gp120 envelope glycoprotein is highly flexible, and this flexibility may contribute to the inability of monomeric gp120 immunogens to elicit broadly neutralizing antibodies. We previously showed that an S375W modification of a critical interfacial cavity central to the primary receptor binding site, the Phe43 cavity, stabilizes gp120 into the CD4-bound state. However, the immunological effects of this cavity-altering replacement were never tested. Subsequently, we screened other mutations that, along with the S375W alteration, might further stabilize the CD4-bound state. Here, we define a selected second cavity-altering replacement, T257S, and analyze the double mutations …

Georgeoral Immunization Of Rhesus Macaques With Adenoviral Hiv Vaccines Using Enteric-Coated Capsules, George T. Mercier, Pramod N. Nehete, Marco F. Passeri, Bharti N. Nehete, Eric A. Weaver, Nancy Smyth Templeton, Kimberly Schluns, Stephanie S. Buchl, K. Jagannadha Sastry, Michael A. Barry

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

Targeted delivery of vaccine candidates to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract holds potential for mucosal immunization, particularly against mucosal pathogens like the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Among the different strategies for achieving targeted release in the GI tract, namely the small intestine, pH sensitive enteric coating polymers have been shown to protect solid oral dosage forms from the harsh digestive environment of the stomach and dissolve relatively rapidly in the small intestine by taking advantage of the luminal pH gradient. We developed an enteric polymethacrylate formulation for coating hydroxy-propyl-methyl-cellulose (HPMC) capsules containing lyophilized Adenoviral type 5 (Ad5) vectors expressing HIV-1 gag …

Differential Engagement Of Tim-1 During Activation Can Positively Or Negatively Costimulate T Cell Expansion And Effector Function, Vijay K. Kuchroo, Sheng Xiao, Nader Najafian, Jay Reddy, Monica Albin, Chen Zhu, Eric Jensen, Jaimie Imitola, Thomas Korn, Ana C. Anderson, Zheng Zhang, Cristina Gutierrez, Thomas Moll, Raymond A. Sobel, Dale T. Umetsu, Hideo Yagita, Hisaya Akiba, Terry Strom, Mohamed H. Sayegh, Rosemarie H. Dekruyff, Samia J. Khoury

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

It has been suggested that T cell immunoglobulin mucin (Tim)-1 expressed on T cells serves to positively costimulate T cell responses. However, crosslinking of Tim-1 by its ligand Tim-4 resulted in either activation or inhibition of T cell responses, thus raising the issue of whether Tim-1 can have a dual function as a costimulator. To resolve this issue, we tested a series of monoclonal antibodies specifi c for Tim-1 and identifi ed two antibodies that showed opposite functional effects. One anti–Tim-1 antibody increased the frequency of antigen-specifi c T cells, the production of the proinfl ammatory cytokines IFN-γ and IL-17, …

Modulation Of Cd4 Co-Receptor Limits Spontaneous Autoimmunity When High-Affinity Transgenic Tcr Specific For Self-Antigen Is Expressed On A Genetically Resistant Background, Zsolt Illés, Hanspeter Waldner, Jay Reddy, Ana C. Anderson, Raymond A. Sobel, Vijay K. Kuchroo

Jay Reddy Publications

Myelin proteolipid protein (PLP) 139–151 is an immunodominant peptide that induces experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in H-2^s SJL/J mice. While PLP 139–151-specific TCR transgenic (tg) 4E3 mice develop fulminant spontaneous disease on the susceptible SJL/J background, spontaneous EAE is dramatically reduced on the H-2^s congenic B10.S background. On this resistant background, we observed a high frequency of positively selected tg CD42CD82 (DN) thymocytes and peripheral DN tg T cells. Splenic DN tg T cells responded to anti-CD3 stimulation similarly to CD41 cells, but proliferative and cytokine responses to PLP 139–151 were blunted, implying that CD4 coreceptor down-regulation modulated …

Su.32. Myelin-Specific Regulatory T Cells Accumulate In The Central Nervous System, But Fail To Suppress Pathogenic Effector T Cells At The Peak Of Autoimmune Inflammation [Abstract Only], Thomas Korn, Mohamed Oukka, Jay Reddy, Estelle Betelli, Amit Awasthi, Raymond Sobel, Kai Wucherpfennig, Vijay K. Kuchroo

Jay Reddy Publications

Treatment with ex vivo generated regulatory T cells (Treg) has been regarded as highly attractive therapeutic approach for autoimmune diseases. However, the dynamics and function of T-reg in autoimmunity are not well understood. Thus, we developed Foxp3gfp “knock-in” mice and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)35–55/IAb tetramers to track autoantigen-specific effector T cells (T-eff) and T-reg in vivo during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, an animal model for multiple sclerosis. Following immunization with the encephalitogenic peptide MOG35–55 emulsified in complete Freund's adjuvant, MOG35–55-tetramer-reactive, Foxp3+ T-reg expanded in the peripheral lymphoid compartment and readily accumulated in the central nervous system (CNS), but did not prevent …

Genetic Microheterogeneity And Phenotypic Variation Of Helicobacter Pylori Arginase In Clinical Isolates, Justin Hovey, Emily Watson, Melanie Langford, Ellen Hildebrandt, Sangeetha Bathala, Jeffrey Bolland, Domenico Spadafora, George Mendz, David Mcgee

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

Background: Clinical isolates of the gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori display a high level of genetic macro- and microheterogeneity, featuring a panmictic, rather than clonal structure. The ability of H. pylori to survive the stomach acid is due, in part, to the arginase-urease enzyme system. Arginase (RocF) hydrolyzes L-arginine to L-ornithine and urea, and urease hydrolyzes urea to carbon dioxide and ammonium, which can neutralize acid.

Results: The degree of variation in arginase was explored at the DNA sequence, enzyme activity and protein expression levels. To this end, arginase activity was measured from 73 minimally-passaged clinical isolates and six laboratory-adapted strains …

Molecular Mechanisms Of Olfactory Neurodegeneration, Radhika Anand Vaishnav

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

Olfactory sensory decline has been associated with normal aging as well as neurodegenerative disorders, yet the underlying mechanisms are unclear. The overall aim of this dissertation was to investigate the fundamental molecular and cellular mechanisms associated with olfactory neurodegeneration. This investigation uses an integrative approach, combining proteomics and gene expression analyses with cellular and tissuelevel characterization. Using these approaches, two model systems were investigated: 1) normally aging C57BL/6 mice of ages 1.5-, 6- and 20-months; and 2) a mouse model of elevated endogenous oxidative stress-associated neurodegeneration, namely, the Harlequin mutant mouse. The first specific aim was to test the hypothesis …

Antioxidants And Pain Control In Patients With Chronic Pancreatitis: A Never-Ending Story, Raffaele Pezzilli, Lorenzo Fantini

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Chronic pancreatitis is a benign disease often characterized by recurrent episodes of abdominal pain accompanied by progressive pancreatic exocrine and endocrine insufficiency; it sometimes requires multiple hospitalizations. This disease is frequently the result of chronic alcohol abuse, even if other factors such as genetic alterations, autoimmune disorders, and obstructive disease of the biliary tract and the pancreas may cause the disease. The pain can be considered the most important symptom; it significantly modifies the quality of life of patients with chronic pancreatitis and its control represents a challenge in the treatment of the disease. Among the several modalities for controlling …

Cobalamin Deficiency During Pregnancy Expressed As Elevated Urine Methylmalonic Acid Levels Determined By A Photometric Assay, Osman Meti̇n İpçi̇oğlu, Mustafa Gültepe, Ömer Özcan

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Aim: Deficiency of cobalamin and folate during pregnancy is associated with megaloblastic anemia. Lower levels of folate and vitamin B12 were reported in mothers whose offspring had neural tube defects compared to unaffected controls. Increased methylmalonic acid (MMA) levels are a sensitive indicator of mild vitamin B12 deficiency and elevated homocysteine levels denote vitamin B12 or folate deficiency. We aimed to evaluate cobalamin state in pregnancy by using urine MMA levels determined by an economic spectrophotometric method. Materials and Methods: For this cross-sectional study, plasma total homocysteine (tHcy), serum folate and vitamin B12, and urine MMA levels were measured in …

K26 Antigen From L. Infantum Mon1: Sequence Based Function-Localization Analysis, Behrooz Darbani, Mahmoud Toorchi, Safar Farajnia, Seyyed Abolghasem Mohammadi, C. Neal Stewart

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

No abstract provided.

Diagnostic Performance Of Qus For Identifying Osteoporosis In Postmenopausal Turkish Women, Ayfer Gemalmaz, Güzel Di̇şci̇gi̇l, Cengi̇z Ceylan

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Aim: The aims of this study were to evaluate the ability of quantitative ultrasound (QUS) to identify osteoporosis in postmenopausal women on the basis of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) T-scores, the best predictor of osteoporotic fractures, and to find a cut-off value for QUS with the optimum sensitivity and specificity, in order to select postmenopausal women for DXA referral. Materials and Methods: This study included 116 postmenopausal women attending Adnan Menderes University Family Medicine Clinic in Aydin. Bone density was measured at the calcaneus using QUS and at lumbar spine and femoral neck with DXA. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was …

Characterization And Functional Analysis Of Usp14, Stephen Lewis Crimmins

All ETDs from UAB

The ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) is essential for regulated protein degrada-tion, a requirement for numerous neuronal process, including vesicle cycling, neuro-transmitter release, spine morphology, and synaptic plasticity. Better understanding of UPS function in neurons will increase our knowledge of neurological diseases caused by alterations in ubiquitin signaling. I utilized the ataxia (axJ) mice as a tool to study the UPS in the nervous system. The axJ mice have lowered expression of ubiquitin-specific protease 14 (Usp14) in all tissues; this decreased expression results from an intracisternal-A particle insertion into Usp14. The axJ mice are phenotypically indistinguishable from wild type littermates at …

Coupling Selection Of The Hiv- 1 Trna Primer Used For Reverse Transcription With Viral Translation And Encapsidation, Uros V. Djekic

All ETDs from UAB

HIV-1 belongs to the Retroviridae family. A hallmark of retroviral replication is the process of reverse transcription. Viral reverse transcriptase requires placement of a cellular tRNA primer onto the primer binding site (PBS) in order to initiate conversion of the viral RNA genome into a double stranded DNA copy. Mutation of the HIV-1 PBS forces the virus to utilize the non-cognate primer. Even though extensive studies have been done over the past 15 years, the mechanism of HIV-1 primer selection has yet to be completely elucidated. HIV-1 captures free tRNA during a yet undefined step in viral replication. However, our …

Protease Dysregulation: Role In Neutrophilic Inflammation In Cystic Fibrosis, Amit Gaggar

All ETDs from UAB

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a lethal disorder characterized by abnormal epithelial ion transport; this disorder is characterized by an ongoing airway remodeling and neutrophilic inflammation. Much of the airway remodeling is due to activation of a group of enzymes known as proteases; human neutrophil elastase (HNE) is a prominent protease found in the CF airway. While specific cytokines/chemokines are well-known for their role in the inflammation seen in CF, it is unknown how the protease-rich environment in CF lung disease influences airway inflammation. Recently, our group has characterized a novel collagen-derived fragment, proline-glycine-proline (PGP), which causes neutrophil influx through mechanisms …

Protein Interaction And Cell Surface Trafficking Differences Between Wild-Type And Δf508 Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator, Rebecca F. Goldstein

All ETDs from UAB

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is caused by mutation of one protein, the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), which normally functions as a chloride channel at the apical surface of epithelial cells. The most common CFTR mutation results in the deletion of a single amino acid (phenylalanine) at position 508, which causes the protein to fold improperly. The ΔF508 CFTR is a temperature-sensitive (TS) processing mutant: At the restrictive temperature, 37°C, ΔF508 CFTR misfolds in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and is degraded, but at the permissive temperature, 27°C, it is “rescued” from degradation (rΔF508). In particular, rΔF508 CFTR folds correctly enough …

Interference With Hiv-1 Primer Selection By Sirna Directed To The Hiv-1 Primer Binding Site, Wenlong Han

All ETDs from UAB

The replication of Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is characterized by the process of reverse transcription, which converts the viral RNA genome into a DNA intermediate prior to integration into the host cell chromosome. The initiation of reverse transcription needs a cellular tRNA primer, which binds to a region in the viral RNA genome, designated as the primer binding site (PBS). The 18-nucleotide PBS region of HIV-1, which is complementary to the 3′ terminal 18 nucleotides of tRNALys,3, is absolutely conserved among all HIV-1. The highly conserved PBS is a very good target for HIV-1 therapy. My dissertation research …