Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Comparison Of The Efficacy Of Prednisolone, Montelukast, And Omalizumab In An Experimental Allergic Rhinitis Model, Mete Kaan Bozkurt, Baykal Tülek, Banu Bozkurt, Nalan Akyürek, Mehmet Öz, Aysel Kiyici

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To compare the efficacy of prednisolone, montelukast, and omalizumab in reducing allergic symptoms and inflammation at tissue level in an experimental allergic rhinitis model. Materials and methods: Forty Sprague Dawley rats were randomized into 5 groups as naive (NS/NC), sensitized/challenged (S/C) by subcutaneous ovalbumin antigen injection, and montelukast-, prednisolone-, and omalizumab-treated groups. A nasal allergen challenge was performed every day from day 20 to day 26. The number of sneezes and nasal/eye rubbing movements, IL-4 and CysLT levels in serum, nasal and bronchoalveolar lavage fluids determined by ELISA, and histopathological findings of nasal mucosa, sinus, and lung tissues were compared. …

Protective Effect Of L-Carnitine In A Rat Model Of Retinopathy Of Prematurity, Sadullah Keleş, İbrahi̇m Caner, Orhan Ateş, Özgür Çakici, Fati̇h Saruhan, Uğur Yilmaz Mumcu, Deni̇z Ünal, Kadi̇r Şerafetti̇n Tekgündüz, Ayhan Taşteki̇n, Ahmet Hacimüftüoğlu, Nesri̇n Gürsan, Hami̇t Hakan Alp

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To investigate the effects of L-carnitine (LC) on rats with oxygen-induced retinopathy. Materials and methods: The study was conducted on 40 Sprague Dawley rat pups. The rat pups were randomly divided into 4 groups: group 1 (n = 10), the healthy control group with intraperitoneal 0.1 mL/day physiological saline injection; group 2 (n = 10), exposed to hyperoxygen, did not receive LC but received 0.1 mL/day physiological saline intraperitoneally; group 3 (n = 10), exposed to hyperoxygen and received 100 mg/kg/day LC intraperitoneally; group 4 (n = 10), exposed to hyperoxygen and received 200 mg/kg/day LC intraperitoneally. After postnatal day …

The Frequency Of Human Papillomaviruses In Colorectal Cancer Samples In Mashhad, Northeastern Iran, Mojtaba Meshkat, Naser Tayyebi Meibodi, Samaneh Sepahi, Narges Fadaee, Masoumeh Salehpour, Zahra Meshkat

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Infection with the human papillomaviruses (HPVs) is associated with the development of several cancers, including oral, esophageal, skin, lung, and cervical. However, the association of HPVs and colorectal cancers remains controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between HPV infection and paraffin-embedded colorectal tissue samples in Mashhad in the northeast of Iran. Materials and methods: Paraffin-embedded tissue specimens from 111 patients with colorectal cancer were subjected to DNA extraction. The quality of extracted DNA was confirmed by amplification of a b-globin fragment using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and GH20/PCO4 primers. PCR with GP5+/GP6+ primers was then …

Novel Gammaherpesvirus Functions 1 Encoded By Bovine Herpesvirus (Bovine Lymphotropic Virus), J. Jia, G. Delhon, E. R. Tulman, D. G. Diel, Fernando A. Osorio, X. Wen, G. F. Kutish, D. L. Rock

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

The genus Macavirus of the subfamily Gammaherpesvirinae includes viruses that infect lymphoid cells of domestic and wild ruminants and swine, causing asymptomatic latent infections in reservoir hosts. Here, we describe the genome of bovine herpesvirus 6 (BoHV-6), a

macavirus ubiquitous in healthy cattle populations. The BoHV-6 genome exhibited architecture conserved in macaviruses, including a repetitive H-DNA region and unique, 141 kilobase pair L

DNA region predicted to encode 77 genes. BoHV-6 encoded in variable genomic regions a novel complement of genes relative to other characterized macaviruses, likely contributing to distinctive aspects of BoHV-6 infection biology and host range. Most notably, …

An Evolutionary Perspective On Infectious And Chronic Disease, John Eberth

Theses and Dissertations

The integration of evolutionary biology with traditional medicine can elucidate novel mechanisms of contemporary disease. Whereas the goal of traditional medicine is to treat and cure the proximate causes, evolutionary biology aims to understand the driving forces behind why humans are susceptible to disease. To form the basis of this hypothesis we postulate that modern man's current genetic information was programmed at a time, and in an environment, that is not relevant to today's human populations. The discordance between these genes of our ancestors and the environment of contemporary humans is thought to be a major reason for the increase …

The Role Of Microrna In Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B-Induced Inflammation And Acute Lung Injury, Roshni Rao

Theses and Dissertations

Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) is a potent activator of the Vβ8+T-cells leading to the proliferation of nearly 30% of the T-cell pool. As a consequence, excessive amounts of cytokine mediators are released leading to extensive tissue damage and sometimes toxic shock and death. Due to the ease with which SEB can be aerosolized anddisseminated, it is considered a biological weapon. In the current study, we investigated the pro-inflammatory effects of SEB in two mouse models of acute inflammatory lung injury. Specifically, while inflammatory cues are known to elicit changes in key transcriptional factors and gene expression, we explored for the …

Pure Sensory Symmetric Peripheral Polyneuropathy As An Early Presenting Sign Of Microscopic Polyangiitis, Matthew Sullivan Do, Craig A. Mackaness Do

Department of Medicine

No abstract provided.

Burkitt Lymphoma Presenting As Left Lateral Rectus Palsy, Daniel Tseytlin Do, Usman Shah Md

Department of Medicine

No abstract provided.

The Effect Of Gaba A Antagonism On Locomotor Activity And Dopamine Release In The Mouse Caudate Putamen Following Acute Toluene Inhalation: An In-Vivo Microdialysis Study, Sean Callan

Wayne State University Theses

Toluene is ubiquitous solvent commonly inhaled recreationally. Despite its frequency of misuse, there is little understanding of how toluene acts within the brain. To examine this, this master's thesis examined the impact of acutely inhaled toluene on dopamine (DA) release in the mouse CPu in vivo using microdialysis techniques. Toluene inhalation produced dose-dependent increases in DA levels as well as changes in locomotor activity. These effects were potentiated by pre-treatment with the GABAA antagonist bicuculline via reverse microdialysis delivery. These results suggest that the DA dynamics of toluene abuse are related to toluene's previously explored effects on the GABA system. …

Inattention And Hyperactivity Among Preschool Age Children Born Prematurely, Andrew Heitzer

Wayne State University Theses

A large body of literature shows that compared to children born at term, preterm- children are at increased risk for difficulties with inattention and hyperactivity. Less consistency exists, however, in the limited body of research exploring the contribution of early biological risk to behavioral disinhibition within the population of children born prematurely. Therefore, our goal was to examine perinatal variables that may influence activity level and hyperactivity among preterm preschoolers. Ninety-eight preterm (23.4 - 33.9 weeks gestation) preschoolers (3-4 years) participated in the study. Direct measures of inattention and hyperactivity as well as parental ratings were used to evaluate behavior. …

Effects Of Hyperbaric Oxygen On Eye Tracking Abnormalities In Males After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury, Joanna R. Wares, David X. Cifu, Kathy W. Hoke, Paul A. Wetzel, George Gitchel, William Carne

Department of Math & Statistics Faculty Publications

The effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) on eye movement abnormalities in 60 military servicemembers with at least one mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) from combat were examined in a single-center, randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled, prospective study at the Naval Medicine Operational Training Center. During the 10 wk of the study, each subject was delivered a series of 40, once a day, hyperbaric chamber compressions at a pressure of 2.0 atmospheres absolute (ATA). At each session, subjects breathed one of three preassigned oxygen fractions (10.5%, 75%, or 100%) for 1 h, resulting in an oxygen exposure equivalent to breathing either surface air, …

Immunotherapy As A Treatment Option For Patients With Pancreatic Cancer, Yehuda Lehrfield

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

Pancreatic cancer is one of the worst forms of cancer that can develop in an individual. Traditionally, chemotherapy is administered but it has very limited success. Using the immune system to treat the cancer is very enticing and many studies have been conducted to attempt to harness the body’s own mechanisms to defeat the cancer. It seems that in order to properly treat the tumor a two pronged approach must be used. First, the immune system must be stimulated to react to the tumor and attack it. A possible cytokine that can be utilized is interferon alpha, which could result …

Neural Plasticity Following Ischemia, Shira Brickman

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

Neural plasticity refers to the ability of one’s brain to change its structure and/or function in response to changes in behavior, environment, and neural processes. When a person suffers an ischemic brain injury, it often leads to hemisyndrome with motor and sensory deficits in the arm, leg, and face of one side. This article discusses the various ways that the existing network can be restructured and neuronal connections can be remodeled after the injury to enable partial or complete recovery of motor function. Spontaneous functional recovery after stroke develops through the overlapping sequence of events including a phase of axonal …

The Grapefruit Juice Effect, Rebecca Leitner

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

A drug interaction is the effect that a substance can have when taken together with a drug. Grapefruit juice has proven to be a source of interaction with many drugs, causing increased bioavailability, leading to possible toxicity and increased instances of side effects. This paper discusses the mechanisms of the interaction and the components of grapefruit juice responsible for the interaction, as well as two classes of drugs that are affected, calcium channel antagonists and HMGCoA reductase inhibitors, and possible ways to avoid the interaction. The mechanisms are inhibition of the enzyme cytochrome P-450 3A4 (CYP3A4) and the transport molecule …

Strand Exchange Of Telomeric Dna Catalyzed By The Werner Syndrome Protein (Wrn) Is Specifically Stimulated By Trf2, Deanna Edwards, David K. Orren, Amrita Machwe

Toxicology and Cancer Biology Faculty Publications

Werner syndrome (WS), caused by loss of function of the RecQ helicase WRN, is a hereditary disease characterized by premature aging and elevated cancer incidence. WRN has DNA binding, exonuclease, ATPase, helicase and strand annealing activities, suggesting possible roles in recombination-related processes. Evidence indicates that WRN deficiency causes telomeric abnormalities that likely underlie early onset of aging phenotypes in WS. Furthermore, TRF2, a protein essential for telomere protection, interacts with WRN and influences its basic helicase and exonuclease activities. However, these studies provided little insight into WRN's specific function at telomeres. Here, we explored the possibility that WRN and TRF2 …

Preparation, Characterization, And Delivery Of Antibodies Binding To A Model Oncogenic Rna, Human Initiator Trna, Jennifer Archer

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) account for a higher percent of the genome than coding mRNAs, and are implicated in human disease such as cancer, neurological, cardiac and many others. While the majority of ncRNAs involved in disease were originally attributed to a class of RNAs called micro RNAs (miRNAs) with a small size of only about 19 -24 base pairs, emerging research has now demonstrated a class of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) that have a size of over 200 base pairs to be responsible for gene regulation and other functional roles and have also found to contribute to pathogenesis in humans. …

The Role Of Lim Kinase 1 And Its Substrates In Cell Cycle Progression, Lisa Ritchey

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

LIM Kinase 1 (LIMK1), a modulator of actin and microtubule dynamics, has been shown to be involved in cell cycle progression. In this study we examine the role of LIMK1 in G1 phase and mitosis. We found ectopic expression of LIMK1 resulted in altered expression of p27Kip1, the G1 phase Cyclin D1/Cdk4 inhibitor. Overexpression of LIMK1 resulted in lower levels of p27Kip1 and p27Kip1-pY88 (inactive p27Kip1). Knockdown of LIMK1 resulted in elevated levels of p27Kip1 and p27Kip1-pY88. Together, these results suggest LIMK1 regulates progression of G1 phase through modulation of p27Kip1 expression. LIMK1 is involved in the mitotic process through …

Host And Bacterial Determinants Of Staphylococcus Aureus Nasal Colonization In Humans, Gowrishankar Muthukrishnan

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Staphylococcus aureus (SA), an opportunistic pathogen colonizing the anterior nares in approximately 30% of the human population, causes severe hospital-associated and community-acquired infections. SA nasal carriage plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of staphylococcal infections and SA eradication from the nares has proven to be effective in reducing endogenous infections. To understand SA nasal colonization and its relation with consequent disease, assessment of nasal carriage dynamics among a diverse population and determining factors responsible for SA nasal carriage have become major imperatives. Here, we report on an extensive longitudinal monitoring of SA nasal carriage in 109 healthy individuals over …

Evaluation Of Histopathologic And Histomorphometric Changes Of Testicular Tissue And Gonadotropin Levels Following Consumption Of Methylphenidate In Male Mice, Simin Fazelipour, Zahra Tootian, Zahra Ghahri Saremi, Minoo Shafii, Mohammad Taghi Sheibani, Seyed Babak Kiaei, Mehrnoush Kiumarsi, Fardin Assadi

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

One of the most common psychiatric disorders in children is attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, which is treated extensively by methylphenidate. This study investigates the assessment of the effects of methylphenidate on histopathologic and histomorphometric changes of the testes and serum levels of gonadotropin in mice. Materials and methods: In this study, 36 adult male mice were used. After determining their body weights, the animals were divided randomly into 2 experimental groups and 1 control group. The experimental groups received methylphenidate (2 and 10 mg kg^{-1} day^{-1}) via gavage for a period of 40 days. After evaluation of body weight, general anesthesia was …

The Effect Of Lycopene On The Ototoxicity Induced By Cisplatin, Mehmet Turan Çi̇çek, Mahmut Tayyar Kalci̇oğlu, Tuba Bayindir, Yüksel Toplu, Mustafa Iraz

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To determine the efficacy of lycopene, which is considered an antioxidant agent, in decreasing the cochlear damage induced by cisplatin. Materials and methods: A total of 38 rats were randomized into 4 groups: control, cisplatin, cisplatin + lycopene, and lycopene-treated groups. In all groups, the distortion-product otoacoustic emission measurements were performed on days 0, 1, 2, and 5. Results: There were no significant differences between the control and lycopene groups at any frequencies. In the cisplatin group, the statistically significant differences were found in the measurements taken between day 0 and day 5 at all frequencies and between days 1 …

Is There A Genetic Predisposition For Turkish Patients With Sarcoidosis In The 329-Bp Region Containing The Btnl2 Rs2076530 Polymorphism?, Muhsi̇n Özdemi̇r, Faruk Saydam, Emel Kurt, İrfan Deği̇rmenci̇, Tunç Tuncel, Oğuz Çi̇li̇ngi̇r, Hasan Veysi̇ Güneş, Sevi̇lhan Artan

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Sarcoidosis is a complex, multifactorial immune disorder with unknown etiology. A single nucleotide polymorphism ( G->A, rs2076530) in the butyrophilin-like 2 (BTNL2) gene results in a truncating protein formation. It has been previously reported that this variation may be a risk factor for sarcoidosis in certain ethnic groups. This study was conducted to determine whether there is any genetic predisposition for the BTNL2 rs2076530 polymorphism in the 329-bp region in Turkish patients with sarcoidosis. Materials and methods: DNA samples were obtained from volunteers including 53 Turkish patients with sarcoidosis and 52 healthy controls. Analysis of the 329-bp region was …

Clinical And Demographic Findings Of Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis And Ankylosing Spondylitis Treated In A Tertiary Care Center In Turkey, Özlem Cemeroğlu, Zeynep Sila Yaşar, Mustafa Sağlam, Haşi̇m Çakirbay

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) are 2 common rheumatic diseases that are frequent causes of disability. In this descriptive study, demographic, clinical, and laboratory findings of patients with RA and AS being followed in a tertiary care center in Turkey were reported. Materials and methods: The patient data of 45 RA and 45 AS cases were collected retrospectively from electronic medical records. Demographic findings, clinical and laboratory assessments of disease activity, drugs used for the treatment, and effect on quality of life of patients with RA and AS were analyzed. Results: In RA patients, 27% had mild, 44% …

Comparison In Clinical Features And Life Impact Between Juvenile-Onset And Adult-Onset Ankylosing Spondylitis, Mingqiang Guan, Jian Wang, Zhigang Zhu, Jun Xiao, Liang Zhao, Zhihan Li, Zhanjun Shi

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To compare the differences in clinical characteristics and disease impact on life between patients with juvenile-onset ankylosing spondylitis (JoAS) and patients with adult-onset AS (AoAS). Materials and methods: Demographic and clinical data were collected from 139 AS patients. Disease activity was defined with the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI). Functional status was assessed with the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI). Status of quality of life was evaluated with the Ankylosing Spondylitis Quality of Life (ASQoL) questionnaire. Results: There were 50 patients with JoAS (36.0%) and 89 with AoAS (64.0%). The JoAS group showed more onset with peripheral …

Oxaliplatin And Ototoxicity: Is It Really Safe For Hearing?, Sali̇m Yüce, Mehmet Meti̇n Şeker, Sema Koç, İsmai̇l Önder Uysal, Turgut Kaçan, Mehtap Doğan, Mansur Doğan, Nalan Akgül Babacan, Saadetti̇n Kiliçkap

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Oxaliplatin is an effective and widely used chemotherapeutic agent in the treatment of many solid tumors. The most common side effects are peripheral neuropathy, gastrointestinal toxicity, and neutropenia. There have been some case reports about ototoxicity with oxaliplatin, but no clinical trials. In this trial, we explored whether or not oxaliplatin has ototoxic effects. Materials and methods: A total of 18 patients, 14 with colorectal cancer and 4 with pancreatic cancer, were included in this study. Four patients (22%) were treated with a capecitabine and oxaliplatin (CapeOx) regimen, and 14 patients (78%) were treated with fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX-6). …

Pharmacological Profile Of A Nitric Oxide Donor Spermine Nonoate In The Mouse Corpus Cavernosum, Fatma Peyman Ertuğ, Erği̇n Şi̇ngi̇ri̇k, Hacer Si̇nem Büyüknacar, Cemi̇l Göçmen, Mehmet Ata Seçi̇lmi̇ş

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To investigate the effects of spermine NONOate in the cavernous tissue obtained from mice treated or untreated with sildenafil. Materials and methods: We studied the effects of spermine NONOate on the tone and nitrergic relaxation responses of isolated mouse corpus cavernosum and compared them with sodium nitroprusside in the absence or presence of L-nitroarginine, hydroxocobalamin, pyrogallol, diethyldithiocarbamate (DETCA), or 1H-[1,2,4]Oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ). The neurogenic contractions and relaxations of the tissues were induced by electrical field stimulation. Some mice received a single oral dose of sildenafil and after 1 h the effects of spermine NONOate were evaluated by in vitro studies. Results: …

The Comparison Of Folate And Vitamin B12 Levels Between Depressive And Nondepressive Postmenopausal Women, Özlem Şengül, Di̇lek Uygur, Mustafa Güleç, Berna Di̇lbaz, Esma Meltem Şi̇mşek, Ümi̇t Göktolga

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To investigate if there is any association between the serum folate and vitamin B12 status and the depressive symptoms in postmenopausal women. Materials and methods: The study included 95 postmenopausal women. The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) was used to assess their depressive symptoms. The investigated women were classified into 2 groups based on the existence of depressive symptoms. These 2 groups were compared in terms of folic acid and vitamin B12 levels. Results: Among 95 cases, 27 postmenopausal women scored 16 or more on the CES-D scale and were classified as the depressive group (Group 1), and …

Incidence Of Maternal Vitamin D Deficiency In A Region Of Ankara, Turkey: A Preliminary Study, Gökçe Gür, Ayhan Abaci, Adem Yasi̇n Köksoy, Ahmet Anik, Gönül Çatli, Fati̇h Mehmet Kişlal, Kadi̇r Okhan Akin, Nesi̇be Andiran

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To evaluate vitamin D levels and risk factors for vitamin D deficiency in healthy newborns and their mothers. Materials and methods: Ninety-nine healthy pregnant women (≥37 weeks of gestation) were enrolled in the study. Previous history of pregnancies and births, nutritional status, multivitamin supplementation, educational status, type of clothing, and the economic level of the family were recorded. Blood samples were drawn from the mothers and the umbilical cord of the newborns to measure serum 25(OH)D3, calcium, phosphorus, and parathormone levels. Results: While vitamin D insufficiency was identified as 62.6% in mothers, it was 58.6% in newborns; on the other …

Effects Of Osteocytes On Vibration-Induced Reflex Muscle Activity In Postmenopausal Women, Şafak Sahi̇r Karamehmetoğlu, İlhan Karacan, Muharrem Çi̇dem, Suat Hayri̇ Küçük, Hakan Ekmekçi̇, Cengi̇z Bahadir

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To assess whether osteocytes have an effect on reflex myoelectrical activity during whole-body vibration (WBV) in postmenopausal women. Materials and methods: Participants were classified into 2 groups: the low bone mineral density (BMD) group (n = 37) and normal BMD group (n = 43). Hip BMD was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Surface electromyography data recorded from the adductor longus muscle were processed to obtain vibration-induced reflex myoelectrical activity. Changes in plasma sclerostin (SOST) levels with WBV were expressed as a standardized vibration-induced SOST index. Results: The standardized vibration-induced SOST index was 1.03 ± 0.24 in the low BMD group …

Determining Torsion Angle Of Humerus Head Using Mri Method, Ayfer Meti̇n Telli̇oğlu, Saci̇de Karakaş, Füsun Taşkin

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To measure the torsion angle of the humerus using images obtained via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in healthy volunteers and to evaluate outcomes with respect to sex and age groups. Materials and methods: The study consisted of 36 healthy adults (18 males and 18 females aged between 20 and 68 years). The humeral torsion angle (HTA) was calculated using axial MRI images. Differences between results in terms of sex and age groups were evaluated with the Mann-Whitney U test. Results: The median HTA was 21.5° (25th to 75th percentile: 7.8°-28°; range: -4° to 36°) in females, while it was 18.5° …

Clonal Comparison Of Acinetobacter Strains Isolated From Intensive Care Patients And The Intensive Care Unit Environment, Esra Kirkgöz, Yasemi̇n Zer

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Acinetobacter baumannii is one of the most commonly encountered microorganisms in nosocomial infections. It is thought that strains found in the environment can be a source for contamination of patients by Acinetobacter strains that are resistant to environmental conditions. This study was carried out to compare Acinetobacter strains isolated from a variety of nonviable environments and from patients in intensive care units (ICUs), and to explore whether environmental areas may be a source for bacterial contamination. Materials and methods: We studied A. baumannii strains isolated from ICU patients. When A. baumannii was isolated from the clinical sample of a patient, …