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Articles 121 - 149 of 149
Full-Text Articles in Systems Biology
Keeping Insects At Bay: Beyond Deet, Thomas P. Rooney
Keeping Insects At Bay: Beyond Deet, Thomas P. Rooney
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Comparison Of C. Elegans And C. Briggsae Genome Sequences Reveals Extensive Conservation Of Chromosome Organization And Synteny, Ladeana W. Hiller, Raymond D. Miller, Scott Everet Baird, Asif Chinwalla, Lucinda A. Fulton, Daniel C. Koboldt, Robert H. Waterston
Comparison Of C. Elegans And C. Briggsae Genome Sequences Reveals Extensive Conservation Of Chromosome Organization And Synteny, Ladeana W. Hiller, Raymond D. Miller, Scott Everet Baird, Asif Chinwalla, Lucinda A. Fulton, Daniel C. Koboldt, Robert H. Waterston
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
To determine whether the distinctive features of Caenorhabditis elegans chromosomal organization are shared with the C. briggsae genome, we constructed a single nucleotide polymorphism-based genetic map to order and orient the whole genome shotgun assembly along the six C. briggsae chromosomes. Although these species are of the same genus, their most recent common ancestor existed 80-110 million years ago, and thus they are more evolutionarily distant than, for example, human and mouse. We found that, like C. elegans chromosomes, C. briggsae chromosomes exhibit high levels of recombination on the arms along with higher repeat density, a higher fraction of intronic …
Essential Elements Of A Defense-Review Of Dna Testing Results, Dan E. Krane
Essential Elements Of A Defense-Review Of Dna Testing Results, Dan E. Krane
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Some Of The Problems Associated With Lcn (Low Copy Number) Testing, Dan E. Krane
Some Of The Problems Associated With Lcn (Low Copy Number) Testing, Dan E. Krane
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Run-Specific Limits Of Quantitation And Detection (An Alternative To Minimum Peak Height Thresholds), Dan E. Krane
Run-Specific Limits Of Quantitation And Detection (An Alternative To Minimum Peak Height Thresholds), Dan E. Krane
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Empirical Analysis Of The Str Profiles Resulting From Conceptual Mixtures, Dan E. Krane
Empirical Analysis Of The Str Profiles Resulting From Conceptual Mixtures, Dan E. Krane
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Assessing The Implications For Close Relatives In The Event Of Similar But Non-Matching Dna Profiles, Dan E. Krane
Assessing The Implications For Close Relatives In The Event Of Similar But Non-Matching Dna Profiles, Dan E. Krane
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Preliminary Notes On Tachinidae Reared From Lepidoptera In The Ecuadorian Andes, John O. Stireman Iii
Preliminary Notes On Tachinidae Reared From Lepidoptera In The Ecuadorian Andes, John O. Stireman Iii
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
Current estimates of the species richness of Tachinidae among geographical provinces suggest that the Neotropical Region harbors the largest number of species and represents a geographic epicenter of tachinid diversification (O’Hara 2006). The Neotropics boasts an impressive fauna consisting of 2864 described species belonging to 822 genera at the time of the Neotropical catalog (Guimarães 1971), making it almost twice as species rich as any other geographic realm (O’Hara 2006; Stireman et al. 2006). This diversity is most apparent at middle elevations (1000– 2000m) along the mountain chains of tropical Central and South America, where tachinids are an abundant and …
Autoregulation Of Gld-2 Cytoplasmic Poly(A) Polymerase, Labib Rouhana, Marvin Wickens
Autoregulation Of Gld-2 Cytoplasmic Poly(A) Polymerase, Labib Rouhana, Marvin Wickens
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
Cytoplasmic polyadenylation regulates mRNA stability and translation and is required for early development and synaptic plasticity. The GLD-2 poly(A) polymerase catalyzes cytoplasmic polyadenylation in the germline of metazoa. Among vertebrates, the enzyme is encoded by two isoforms of mRNA that differ only in the length of their 3′-UTRs. Here we focus on regulation of vertebrateGLD-2 mRNA. We show that the 3′-UTR of GLD-2 mRNA elicits its own polyadenylation and translational activation during frog oocyte maturation. We identify the sequence elements responsible for repression and activation, and demonstrate that CPEB and PUF proteins likely mediate repression in the resting oocyte. …
Caenorhabditis Briggsae Methods, Scott Everet Baird, Helen M. Chamberlin
Caenorhabditis Briggsae Methods, Scott Everet Baird, Helen M. Chamberlin
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
Caenorhabditis briggsae is being developed in parallel to C. elegans as a model system, primarily for the study of evolution. Like C. elegans, C. briggsae is a protandrous hermaphrodite and like C. elegans, its genome has been sequenced. From this point, these two model systems diverge. The development, behavior, and physiology of C. elegans have been characterized through tens of thousands of genetic and molecular studies. Genetic and molecular characterizations of C. briggsae are relatively few. Experimental resources in C. elegans include a high density recombination map that is well integrated with the genome sequence. The C. briggsae …
Essential Elements Of A Defense-Review Of Dna Testing Results, Dan E. Krane
Essential Elements Of A Defense-Review Of Dna Testing Results, Dan E. Krane
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Implications Of Spatial Autocorrelation And Dispersal For The Modeling Of Species Distributions, Volker Bahn
Implications Of Spatial Autocorrelation And Dispersal For The Modeling Of Species Distributions, Volker Bahn
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
Modeling the geographical distributions of wildlife species is important for ecology and conservation biology. Spatial autocorrelation in species distributions poses a problem for distribution modeling because it invalidates the assumption of independence among sample locations. I explored the prevalence and causes of spatial autocorrelation in data from the Breeding Bird Survey, covering the conterminous United States, using Regression Trees, Conditional Autoregressive Regressions (CAR), and the partitioning of variance. I also constructed a simulation model to investigate dispersal as a process contributing to spatial autocorrelation, and attempted to verify the connection between dispersal and spatial autocorrelation in species’ distributions in empirical …
Evaluating Forensic Dna Evidence, Dan E. Krane, William C. Thompson
Evaluating Forensic Dna Evidence, Dan E. Krane, William C. Thompson
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Phylogenetic Reconstruction Of Exoristinae Using Molecular Data: A Bayesian Re-Analysis, John O. Stireman Iii
Phylogenetic Reconstruction Of Exoristinae Using Molecular Data: A Bayesian Re-Analysis, John O. Stireman Iii
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
A few years ago I published the results of a phylogenetic analysis of New World Exoristinae based on molecular data from two genes, 28S rDNA and Elongation Factor 1-alpha (Stireman 2002). In that study I employed parsimony, neighbor joining, and maximum likelihood inference methods to generate phylogenetic reconstructions, and explored a variety of weighting schemes and combinations of the sequence data (i.e. each gene separately and both together). The results of these analyses generally supported recent taxonomic hypotheses (e.g., Herting 1984; Wood 1987; O’Hara and Wood 2004). For example, Tachinidae and Exoristinae were reconstructed as monophyletic in most analyses, as …
The Genetics Of Ray Pattern Variation In Caenorhabditis Briggsae, Scott Everet Baird, Cynthia R. Davidson, Justin C. Bohrer
The Genetics Of Ray Pattern Variation In Caenorhabditis Briggsae, Scott Everet Baird, Cynthia R. Davidson, Justin C. Bohrer
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
Background: How does intraspecific variation relate to macroevolutionary change in morphology? This question can be addressed in species in which derived characters are present but not fixed. In rhabditid nematodes, the arrangement of the nine bilateral pairs of peripheral sense organs (rays) in tails of males is often the most highly divergent character between species. The development of ray pattern involves inputs from hometic gene expression patterns, TGFβ signalling, Wnt signalling, and other genetic pathways. In Caenorhabditis briggsae, strain-specific variation in ray pattern has provided an entrée into the evolution of ray pattern. Some strains were fixed for a derived …
Vertebrate Gld2 Poly(A) Polymerases In The Germline And The Brain, Labib Rouhana, Liaoteng Wang, Natascha Buter, Jae Eun Kwak, Craig A. Schiltz, Tania Gonzalez, Ann E. Kelley, Charles F. Landry, Marvin Wickens
Vertebrate Gld2 Poly(A) Polymerases In The Germline And The Brain, Labib Rouhana, Liaoteng Wang, Natascha Buter, Jae Eun Kwak, Craig A. Schiltz, Tania Gonzalez, Ann E. Kelley, Charles F. Landry, Marvin Wickens
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
Cytoplasmic polyadenylation is important in the control of mRNA stability and translation, and for early animal development and synaptic plasticity. Here, we focus on vertebrate poly(A) polymerases that are members of the recently described GLD2 family. We identify and characterize two closely related GLD2 proteins in Xenopus oocytes, and show that they possess PAP activity in vivo and in vitro and that they bind known polyadenylation factors and mRNAs known to receive poly(A) during development. We propose that at least two distinct polyadenylation complexes exist in Xenopus oocytes, one of which contains GLD2; the other, maskin and Pumilio. GLD2 protein …
Evaluating Forensic Dna Evidence: Essential Elements Of A Competent Defense Review, Dan E. Krane
Evaluating Forensic Dna Evidence: Essential Elements Of A Competent Defense Review, Dan E. Krane
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Evaluating Forensic Dna Evidence, Dan E. Krane
Evaluating Forensic Dna Evidence, Dan E. Krane
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Forensic Dna Evidence: Collection, Mixtures, And Degradation, Dan E. Krane
Forensic Dna Evidence: Collection, Mixtures, And Degradation, Dan E. Krane
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Chemical Defenses In Garlic Mustard (Alliaria Petiolata) And Their Potential Role In Species Interactions In Forest Understories, Don Cipollini
Chemical Defenses In Garlic Mustard (Alliaria Petiolata) And Their Potential Role In Species Interactions In Forest Understories, Don Cipollini
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
Garlic mustard [Alliaria petiolata [(M. Bieb) Cavara & Grande; Brassicaceae] is a European native biennial herb, first recorded on Long Island, NY in the 1860s, and is expanding rapidly in northeastern and midwestern forests in the U.S. and in southern Canada. Garlic mustard flourishes in moist woodlands with moderate exposure to light, but it can grow in a diversity of other habitats. It is found in natural areas, woodlots, and along edges of agricultural fields and lawns throughout North America. Several life history traits likely contribute to the invasiveness of this species. It has a high inbreeding rate and can …
Current Issues In Forensic Dna Profiling, Dan E. Krane
Current Issues In Forensic Dna Profiling, Dan E. Krane
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Regional Variation In Recruitment Of Hemlock Seedlings And Saplings In The Upper Great Lakes, Usa, Thomas P. Rooney, Ronald J. Mccormick, Stephen L. Solheim, Donald M. Waller
Regional Variation In Recruitment Of Hemlock Seedlings And Saplings In The Upper Great Lakes, Usa, Thomas P. Rooney, Ronald J. Mccormick, Stephen L. Solheim, Donald M. Waller
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
Mature eastern hemlock–northern hardwood forest cover decreased drastically in the upper Midwest following European settlement and has yet to rebound substantially. Previous studies show that stands retaining substantial hemlock canopy coverage have low hemlock seedling and sapling densities. Results from various geographically restricted studies suggest several possible mechanisms that could cause low seedling or sapling density. We examined the relative importance of these proposed mechanisms in the Southern Superior Uplands Section of the Laurentian Forest Province. We surveyed 294- m2 plots in 100 hemlock stands in northern Wisconsin and western upper Michigan to assess how these proposed mechanisms affect the …
Periphyton Production On Wood And Sediment: Substratum-Specific Response To Laboratory And Whole-Lake Nutrient Manipulations, Yvonne Vadeboncoeur, David M. Lodge
Periphyton Production On Wood And Sediment: Substratum-Specific Response To Laboratory And Whole-Lake Nutrient Manipulations, Yvonne Vadeboncoeur, David M. Lodge
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
Substratum heterogeneity is a large source of variability in periphyton production, but the influence of substratum on periphyton response to experimental manipulations is rarely measured. Using laboratory and whole-lake experiments, we compared area-specific primary production of periphyton on wood (epixylon) and sediment (epipelon), and tested whether periphyton on the 2 substrata responded differently to water-column fertilization. In the laboratory, natural periphyton assemblages on wood or sediment were exposed to 1 of 6 treatments in a fully factorial (light [250, 70, or 10 μmol m−2 s−1] × nutrient [control or + N and P]) experiment. We measured 14 …
Exploring Cost Constraints On Stem Elongation In Plants Using Phenotypic Manipulation, Don Cipollini, Jack C. Schultz
Exploring Cost Constraints On Stem Elongation In Plants Using Phenotypic Manipulation, Don Cipollini, Jack C. Schultz
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
Negative associations between individual life‐history traits of an organism are referred to as life‐history trade‐offs (Stearns 1992; Zera et al. 1998). The existence of costly trade‐offs is thought to have favored the evolution of phenotypic plasticity as a mechanism through which organisms can account for environmental heterogeneity while modulating costs and benefits incurred by fixed allocation to competing functions (Bradshaw 1965; Stearns 1992; Sultan 1995; Dudley and Schmitt 1996; Pigliucci 1996). In plants, the ability to modify stem elongation in response to environmental cues appears to be a classic form of adaptive phenotypic plasticity (Sultan 1995; Gedroc et al. 1996). …
Top-Down Cascade From A Bitrophic Predator In An Old-Field Community, Matthew D. Moran, Thomas P. Rooney, L. E. Hurd
Top-Down Cascade From A Bitrophic Predator In An Old-Field Community, Matthew D. Moran, Thomas P. Rooney, L. E. Hurd
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
We tested the hypothesis that a bitrophic (third and fourth level) arthropod predator can exert a cascading, top-down influence on other arthropods and plants in an early successional old field. First-stadium mantids, Tenodera sinensis, were added to replicated open-field plots in numbers corresponding to naturally occurring egg hatch density and allowed to remain for ≈ 2 mo. Sticky-trap dispersal barriers around both control and mantid-addition plots allowed us to monitor emigration of arthropods continuously during the experiment. Biomass of herbivores, carnivores, and plants, and abundances of arthropod taxa within plots were determined at the beginning, middle, and end of …
Benthic-Pelagic Links: Responses Of Benthos To Water-Column Nutrient Enrichment, S. C. Blumenshine, Yvonne Vadeboncoeur, D. M. Lodge, K. L. Cottingham, S. E. Knight
Benthic-Pelagic Links: Responses Of Benthos To Water-Column Nutrient Enrichment, S. C. Blumenshine, Yvonne Vadeboncoeur, D. M. Lodge, K. L. Cottingham, S. E. Knight
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
Although the responses of pelagic algae and invertebrates to gradients of nutrient enrichment are well known, less is known about the responses of benthos to such gradients or how benthic and pelagic responses may interact. We performed a 9-wk experiment in 2000-L mesocosms in the field to test for the effect of water-column nutrient enrichment on phytoplankton, algae on sediments (epipelon) and hard surfaces (plastic strips), as well as pelagic and benthic primary consumers. The experimental design consisted of 4 nutrient enrichment rates (0, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 μg P L-1 d-1, together with N to yield …
Longitudinal Dynamics Of Seston Concentration And Composition In A Lake Outlet Stream, Yvonne Vadeboncoeur
Longitudinal Dynamics Of Seston Concentration And Composition In A Lake Outlet Stream, Yvonne Vadeboncoeur
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
Concentrations of suspended particulate organic carbon (POC), dissolved organic carbon, bacteria, and chlorophyll a were measured in a lake outlet in western Montana, USA. Seven sites within the first 3 km downstream from the lake were sampled over 14 mo. Downstream change in concentration of each variable was tested for fit to a power function (C=aDb). Downstream changes in POC, bacteria, and chlorophyll a, sometimes fit a power function, and the value of the exponent b was positively correlated with discharge. At low discharge, a downstream decline in lake algae was accompanied by an increase in stream algae. …
Micronuclear Genome Organization In Euplotes Crassus: A Transposonlike Element Is Removed During Macronuclear Development, Scott Everet Baird, Gina M. Fino, Susan L. Tausta, Lawrence A. Klobutcher
Micronuclear Genome Organization In Euplotes Crassus: A Transposonlike Element Is Removed During Macronuclear Development, Scott Everet Baird, Gina M. Fino, Susan L. Tausta, Lawrence A. Klobutcher
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
After mating, hypotrichous ciliated protozoa transform a set of their micronuclear chromosomes into thousands of short, linear DNA molecules that form the macronuclear genome. To examine micronuclear genome organization in the hypotrich Euplotes crassus, we have analyzed two cloned segments of micronuclear DNA as well as the macronuclear DNA molecules that are derived from them. E. crassus was found to display a number of features characteristic of other hypotrich genomes, including (i) clustering and close spacing of the precursors of macronuclear DNA molecules, (ii) the frequent occurrence of internal eliminated sequences within macronuclear precursors, (iii) overlapping macronuclear precursors, (iv) lack …
Characterization Of Chromosome Fragmentation In Two Protozoans And Identification Of A Candidate Fragmentation Sequence In Euplotes Crassus, Scott Everet Baird, Lawrence A. Klobutcher
Characterization Of Chromosome Fragmentation In Two Protozoans And Identification Of A Candidate Fragmentation Sequence In Euplotes Crassus, Scott Everet Baird, Lawrence A. Klobutcher
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
Following the sexual cycle, hypotrichous ciliated protozoans fragment a set of their micronuclear chromosomes to generate the thousands of short, linear DNA molecules present in the transcriptionally active macronucleus. We have used a hybrid selection procedure to examine macronuclear DNA molecules for subtelomeric length heterogeneity to determine whether chromosome fragmentation occurs at unique or multiple sites. The results suggest that multiple, but closely spaced, chromosome fragmentation sites are used by Oxytricha nova. In contrast, Euplotes crassus uses unique chromosome fragmentation sites in a reproducible manner to generate the ends of macronuclear DNA molecules. Additional studies compared DNA sequences in …