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- Grazing (135)
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- Forage quality (47)
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- IGC Proceedings (1977-2023) (1881)
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Articles 1381 - 1410 of 1952
Full-Text Articles in Weed Science
Management Of Acidifying Legume Based Pastures For Sustainable Production In Southern Australia, A M. Ridley, R E. White, R J. Simpson
Management Of Acidifying Legume Based Pastures For Sustainable Production In Southern Australia, A M. Ridley, R E. White, R J. Simpson
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
A field experiment was used to determine nitrate leaching losses under perennial (Phalaris aquatica and Dactylis glomerata) and annual (Lolium rigidum) grass pastures under control and high N treatments. Previously published results and assumptions were made to extrapolate results to typical grazed pastures, and best bet practices to manage soil acidification were suggested. Nitrate leaching losses of approximately 14 and 28 kg N/ha/year were estimated for grazed perennial and annual pastures (equating to soil acid addition of 1 and 2 kmol H+/ha/year). Other sources of acid addition known to occur in this environment accounted for a …
Forage Production In Alternative Agriculture: Dairy Farms In Eastern Canada, G Allard, M Mauries, D Pellerin
Forage Production In Alternative Agriculture: Dairy Farms In Eastern Canada, G Allard, M Mauries, D Pellerin
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Alternative agriculture has been adopted by dairy farmers in response to concerns over conventional agriculture. The purpose of this study is to compare forage production characteristics on 12 alternative or conventional dairy farms. Yields and quality components were determined for the first and the second cuts of forage harvested in 1994 and 1995. Similar yields as well as similar crude protein and ADF concentrations were obtained for forages produced on alternative and conventional farms. Although potassium concentrations were lower under alternative farming, forage production is not a limiting factor in alternative dairy farming.
Effects Of Color Of Facilities On Evaluation Of Farm Landscape, Y Hosokawa, K Toda
Effects Of Color Of Facilities On Evaluation Of Farm Landscape, Y Hosokawa, K Toda
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The objective of this study was to make clear the color of farm facilities, being harmonious with the landscape. For the color design of farm facility, the questionnaire was given to 429 subjects by the 8-ordered choices from each figure painted 8 colors, i.e., red, yellow red, yellow, green, blue, purple, white, and black, in each landscape element of the roof of barn, the board of fence, the steel tower and the plastic-pack of silos by using the image processor. The harmonious color chosen were red in the roof of barn and mostly white in both fence, steel tower silo, …
Rhizobial And Nutritional Responses Of Desmanthus Clay Soils Of Queensland, N J. Brandon, R A. Date, R M. Jones, R L. Clem, G A. Bahnisch, P R. Spies, A Becerra, B A. Robertson, T.W G. Graham
Rhizobial And Nutritional Responses Of Desmanthus Clay Soils Of Queensland, N J. Brandon, R A. Date, R M. Jones, R L. Clem, G A. Bahnisch, P R. Spies, A Becerra, B A. Robertson, T.W G. Graham
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The objective of these studies was to determine the reasons for chlorosis of desmanthus observed at some sites in southeast Queensland. Inoculation with Rhizobium increased growth of desmanthus in 2 of 4 soils in the field and 4 of 8 soils in pots. Greatest responses occurred in soils with few or no effective native Rhizobium. Most soils however, contained native strains that were effective. Omission of sulphur significantly reduced dry weight of desmanthus grown in pots in 5 of 7 soils by 30-51% relative to plants supplied with all nutrients. Omission of P and Mo resulted in similar yield reductions …
Biological Nitrogen Fixation In A Grass-Clover Pasture Grazed By Dairy Cows, F P. Vinther, K Søegaard, O Aaes
Biological Nitrogen Fixation In A Grass-Clover Pasture Grazed By Dairy Cows, F P. Vinther, K Søegaard, O Aaes
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The objective of this study was to estimate the annual input of nitrogen through biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) to a grass-clover pasture (Lolium perenne L. - Trifolium repens L.) grazed by dairy cows. The input was estimated by combining measurements of BNF in non-grazed plots, BNF in urine affected plots and estimates of the proportion of the pasture affected by urine. Total BNF in non-grazed plot was 75 and 256 kg N ha-1 in 1994 and 1995, respectively. Urine affected BNF both by decreasing the proportion of clover and by decreasing the proportion of N derived from the atmosphere. The …
Phosphorus Requirements In Legumes: Calibration Of A Rapid And Simple Tissue Test, A Moron
Phosphorus Requirements In Legumes: Calibration Of A Rapid And Simple Tissue Test, A Moron
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The objective of this research was to adjust and calibrate a phosphorus (P) tissue test to diagnose in a simple and rapid manner the nutritional status of commonly used legumes in Uruguay. Field experiments conducted during 1993-94 with four legumes, showed a significant yield response to increasing P fertilizer rates. A colorimetric sap analysis was used to determine P status in legumes. A strong relationship was found between P sap analysis and relative yields. A critical level of 90-100 μg P/ml in sap to attain 90% of the maximum yield was obtained.
Evaluation Of Different Nitrogen Sources On The Production And Chemical Properties Of C4-Sub-Tropic Pastures, J F. Reckling, G.H J. Kruger
Evaluation Of Different Nitrogen Sources On The Production And Chemical Properties Of C4-Sub-Tropic Pastures, J F. Reckling, G.H J. Kruger
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Digitaria eriantha fertilised with limestone ammonium nitrate (LAN 28 % N), although not statistically significant, resulted in higher dry matter production in comparison to those plants fertilised with urea (U 46% N). Significant lower (P<0.05) soil calcium levels were found in plots fertilised with LAN. Plants fertilised with urea had double the amount of Aspartic and Glutamic acid, indicating that urea did not convert to NO3 -, but was taken up as ammonium.
Effect Of Nitrogen And Potash Fertilization On Dry Matter Yield And Mineral Composition Of Pangolagrass, J B. Andrade, C L. Justo, J.L. V. Coutinho, R M. Peres, E Ferrari Junior, V T. Paulino, W Henrique, J C. Werner, H B. Mattos
Effect Of Nitrogen And Potash Fertilization On Dry Matter Yield And Mineral Composition Of Pangolagrass, J B. Andrade, C L. Justo, J.L. V. Coutinho, R M. Peres, E Ferrari Junior, V T. Paulino, W Henrique, J C. Werner, H B. Mattos
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The effect of nitrogen and potash fertilizations on dry matter and protein yields and chemical composition of pangolagrass (D. decumbens Stent.) was studied in a randomized block design with four replications using a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement. Nitrogen and potash were applied after each cut as an equivalent to 3 and 2% of dry matter (65°C) yield, respectively. There were great increases in dry matter and protein yields when nitrogen alone or combined with potash was used. Potash fertilization alone had no effect on the variables described above. Nitrogen fertilization improved forage pangolagrass composition, being particularly effective on crude …
Nitrogen In Stubble As A Limiting Factor Of Regrowth And Yield Of Orchardgrass After Cutting, T Matsunaka, T Ishii, M Jin
Nitrogen In Stubble As A Limiting Factor Of Regrowth And Yield Of Orchardgrass After Cutting, T Matsunaka, T Ishii, M Jin
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Two field trials were carried out to reexamine the role of total nonstructural carbohydrates (TNC) and nitrogen (N) of the stubble in regrowth of orchardgrass (Dactylis Glomerata L.) during 10 days after cutting and the yield of next cutting. The regrowth and the yield were independent of TNC content in the stubble. They increased with N content in the stubble derived from the different rate of previous N application. When the TNC content in the stubble at the time of cutting was more than about 18% (dry matter basis), the regrowth even in a darkroom was not affected by …
Effect Of Nitrogen Fertilization Upon Spring Growth In Thinopyrum Poticum In Alkaline Soils. Argentina, R Fernandez Grecco, A Sciotti, A Mazzanti, H Echeverria
Effect Of Nitrogen Fertilization Upon Spring Growth In Thinopyrum Poticum In Alkaline Soils. Argentina, R Fernandez Grecco, A Sciotti, A Mazzanti, H Echeverria
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Wheatgrass is a perennial forage grass adapted to low fertility alkaline soils in the Flooding pampa. It has an annual forage growth cycle characterised by a high spring-summer concentration and low values in winter. The objective of this study was to assess that it is possible to anticipate and increase forage growth and DM production of wheatgrass pastures applying nitrogen fertilization. The experiment was carried out at the Balcarce Experimental Station from 28/08/95 to 04/12/95. Using a completely randomized block design the effects of 6 levels of N: 0, 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 kg Nha-1, added as NO3 …
Effect Of Nitrogen Fertilization Upon Winter Growth In Natural Pastures Of The South East Of Buenos Aires Province, Argentina, R C. Fernandez Grecco, A E. Mazzanti, H A. Echeverria
Effect Of Nitrogen Fertilization Upon Winter Growth In Natural Pastures Of The South East Of Buenos Aires Province, Argentina, R C. Fernandez Grecco, A E. Mazzanti, H A. Echeverria
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The effect of winter nitrogen fertilization upon herbage accumulation during the winter-spring period on a natural pasture of the Flooding Pampa dominated by cool season annual (Lolium multiflorum) and perennial (Stipa neesiana) grasses was evaluated. The experiment was carried out from August to November in 1994 and 1995. Fertilization treatments were: 0, 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 kgN ha- 1 (N0, N50, N100, N150, N200 and N250, respectively). The experimental plots were set out in three randomized blocks. In 1994, maximum forage accumulation was reached at N150, and no significant differences were found among N150, …
Effectivity Of Arbuscular Mycorrhizas In Sustainable Grassland Agriculture Following Conversion From Intensive Management, W R. Eason, J Scullion, E P. Scott
Effectivity Of Arbuscular Mycorrhizas In Sustainable Grassland Agriculture Following Conversion From Intensive Management, W R. Eason, J Scullion, E P. Scott
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
With increased interest in sustainable agriculture, attention has focused on the role of arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) in the productivity of agricultural systems. AM spores were taken from grassland and grass-arable systems with either a history of high-input, conventional, or low-input, organic management, and used as a source of inoculum in host plants (Allium amelioprasum, Trifolium repens and Lolium perenne). Spores from organic management systems produced a greater yield response than those from conventional systems. Where various spore inoculum produced differences in host growth responses, it was observed that the infected root of these host plants also produced similar …
Buffelgrass Forage And Seed Production Responses To N And Fertilization, W R. Ocumpaugh, M A. Hussey, B L. Burson
Buffelgrass Forage And Seed Production Responses To N And Fertilization, W R. Ocumpaugh, M A. Hussey, B L. Burson
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Forage and seed production responses to nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertilizer of Common buffelgrass (Cenchrus ciliaris L.) were evaluated for three years (1991-93). An incomplete factorial set of five rates of N and P were applied each year. Seed data were collected by hand stripping mature seed followed by a forage harvest. Seed quality characteristics were determined on each seed sample. No response to N fertilizer was observed in 1991 nor to P in any year. In 1992, there was a linear forage yield response to N fertilizer. In 1993, both the linear and quadratic effects of N …
Grassland Management In Central Area Of The Masurian Landscape Park, K Mlynarczyk, E Marks, E Korona
Grassland Management In Central Area Of The Masurian Landscape Park, K Mlynarczyk, E Marks, E Korona
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Permanent grassland occupy some 12% of the area of the Masurian Landscape Park. The Cirsio-Polygonetum plant association was distinguished on the semi-natural meadows situated on the peat-marsh soil. Changes in botanical composition of the meadow sward and the productivity of DM, against a background of different mineral fertilization, were examined in a medium-scale plot experiment. It was concluded that both aspects ofutilization must be accorded high priority in the case of extensively managed meadows: medium level of forage production and the landscape conservation.
Reserving Pastures In Communal Grasslands By Agropastoralists Of Tanzania, M L. Kusekwa, A J. Mwilawa, J.K K. Msechu
Reserving Pastures In Communal Grasslands By Agropastoralists Of Tanzania, M L. Kusekwa, A J. Mwilawa, J.K K. Msechu
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Studies were conducted in “Maasai” and “Gogo” tribal communities to gain understanding of traditional management of reserved pastures. Survey techniques were used and forage production and chemical composition were estimated. Household heads were invariably old men who had no formal education. Household size averaged 14 and 11, in Maasai and Gogo tribes respectively. Most reserved pastures were privately owned. Over 90% of pastoralists preferred individual ownership of reserved grazing. Herbage production was 2510 kg DM/ha in Maasai and 3680 kg DM/ha in Gogo locations. Pastures and low protein content (5.1-6.5% CP). Constraints to reserve grazing strategies were land and water …
Impact Of Extensive Management On Demography Of One Invasive Species Of Permanent Grasslands, D Magda
Impact Of Extensive Management On Demography Of One Invasive Species Of Permanent Grasslands, D Magda
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The objective of this study is to show the effect of extensive practices on the population dynamics of a grassland species (Chaerophyllum aureum) in order to control invasion process. Fertilisation intensity (none or 45g/m2), number (none, one or two) and date of cutting (before or after seed maturity) have been experienced on permanent plots in fields to follow consequences on demography of adults and seedlings. Adult density is regulated through cutting effect and intraspecific competition process. Reduction of competition by cutting leads to a paradoxal highest adult survival rate in on cut treatment compared with abandoned invaded fields. …
Influence Of Drying Method And Temperature On Ruminal Degradable Protein Of Switchgrass, D E. Farnham, K J. Moore, J R. George
Influence Of Drying Method And Temperature On Ruminal Degradable Protein Of Switchgrass, D E. Farnham, K J. Moore, J R. George
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The nutritional value of herbage protein fed to ruminant livestock can be influenced greatly by the extent to which it is degraded in the rumen. This study was conducted to determine if drying method and temperature alters measurements of in situ ruminal escape protein (EP) of switchgrass herbage. Switchgrass harvested at the pre-heading stage was either air dried, freeze dried, or oven dried at 38, 49, 60, or 710 C. Samples from each of the six drying treatments were digested in situ in Dacron bags for 4, 8, 12, or 16 h. Drying treatment had a significant impact on EP …
Development Of Natural Horse Pastures In Finland In The 1900s, H Jansson, K H. Jansson, A Olin, T Talikka, J Pykala
Development Of Natural Horse Pastures In Finland In The 1900s, H Jansson, K H. Jansson, A Olin, T Talikka, J Pykala
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The purpose of the study was to assess the importance of natural pastures as a growing environment for horses and, at the same time, to evaluate the landscape value of such pastures. Another aim was to look at possible ways of conserving areas which have been in use as horse pastures for a long period of time as traditional biotopes belonging to the Finnish horse grazing culture, and to examine how their management and care could be improved.
Relationship Of Soil To Native Pasture In A Flooding Pampa Area (Argentine), S P. Debelis, A A. Bozzo, A Bujan, M B. Barrios
Relationship Of Soil To Native Pasture In A Flooding Pampa Area (Argentine), S P. Debelis, A A. Bozzo, A Bujan, M B. Barrios
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The influence of the topography in soils found in the area surrounding the Chascomús lagoon is examined. The study of the profiles within the representative transect in each microenvironment reveals changes related to its traits. Its relationship with the vegetation present in each toposequence position was observed. The worsening of the natural drainage conditions, are related to reduction of organic matter, increase in the values of pH and PSI, greater intensity of hydromorphic traces and appearance of groups of characteristic species.
Extensification Of Sheep Grazing Systems: Effects On Soil Nutrients, Species Composition And Animal Production, C A. Marriott, I J. Gordon
Extensification Of Sheep Grazing Systems: Effects On Soil Nutrients, Species Composition And Animal Production, C A. Marriott, I J. Gordon
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The effects of ceasing fertiliser inputs to perennial ryegrass/white clover swards, combined with patterns of seasonal grazing, on soil nutrient status, floristic composition and animal production (ewes and single lambs) were studied in a long-term experiment at three upland sites in Scotland. Four unfertilised treatments had a factorial combination of seasonal grazing in summer and autumn at two sward heights (4 and 8 cm). There was also an ungrazed, unfertilised control and a fertilised treatment (140 kg N/ha plus maintenance P and K), grazed at 4 cm sward height in both seasons. All treatments were imposed annually from 1990/91. By …
Grassland Management For Geese: Sustainable Use For Conservation And Agriculture, S M. Percival, R Lilley
Grassland Management For Geese: Sustainable Use For Conservation And Agriculture, S M. Percival, R Lilley
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Increasing numbers of overwintering wild geese have caused considerable problems to agriculture but are often also of conservation concern as their populations are relatively small. Islay, Scotland, is one site where this problem is particularly acute. We studied the two goose species which use this site, the barnacle goose, Branta leucopsis, and the white-fronted goose, Anser albifrons flavirostris, and found that they preferred younger pastures located closer to their roost sites. These preferred areas could be important in developing a sustainable strategy for future goose management. Further non-sustainable population increases might be avoided by increasing disturbance in these areas.
Cattle Toxicity From Woolly Locoweed (Astragalus Mollissimus): A Case Study In Central New Mexico, Casey N. Spackman, Clint A. Stonecipher, Daniel Cook
Cattle Toxicity From Woolly Locoweed (Astragalus Mollissimus): A Case Study In Central New Mexico, Casey N. Spackman, Clint A. Stonecipher, Daniel Cook
Poisonous Plant Research (PPR)
Livestock toxicity resulting from poisonous plants poses a significant challenge for ranchers, particularly concerning locoweeds (Astragalus spp. or Oxytropis spp.). This study investigated a case of cattle poisoning in central New Mexico, where clinical signs were consistent with locoweed toxicity. Rangeland conditions were hot and dry following earlier spring rains, promoting advantageous environmental conditions for a locoweed outbreak. Analysis of Woolly locoweed (Astragalus mollissimus) and animal samples from the ranch confirmed the presence of swainsonine, a key toxin in locoweeds. It can be concluded that the likely cause of cattle losses was locoweed toxicity, highlighting the …
Whitetop (Hoary Cress) Control In Residential Situations, Taun Beddes, Michael Caron, Jacob Hadfield, Corey Ransom
Whitetop (Hoary Cress) Control In Residential Situations, Taun Beddes, Michael Caron, Jacob Hadfield, Corey Ransom
All Current Publications
Whitetop (Lepidium draba, formerly Cardaria draba) is a persistent, perennial weed that grows in open, sunny areas. It spreads by seeds and rhizomes, enabling it to spread by several feet in a single season. It is common in wildlands, agricultural, and residential areas. It rapidly spreads into unhealthy lawns, landscape beds, and vegetable gardens. This fact sheet provides information on identification, lifecycle, landscape damage, and suppression and control options.
Herbicides, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia
Herbicides, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia
Grains and other field crops factsheets
Herbicides play a vital role in integrated weed management programs. Knowledge of the mechanisms and activity of herbicides will improve the impact and sustainability of herbicides as a weed management tactic. This fact sheet is a guide to the types of herbicides available and when and how they should be used.
Herbicide Application, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia
Herbicide Application, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia
Grains and other field crops factsheets
Herbicides can be applied by a variety of means, including boom sprayers, aerial spraying, misters, blanket wipers, rope wick applicators, weed seekers and back-pack sprayers. This fact sheet reviews the different methods, including nozzles and calibration of equipment, used to apply herbicides.
Seasonal Phenology And Starch Allocation Patterns In Populations Of Oxycaryum Cubense F. Cubense And Paraguayense In Mississippi, Louisiana, And Florida, Allison C. Squires, Ryan M. Wersal, Gray Turnage, Christopher R. Mudge, Benjamin P. Sperry
Seasonal Phenology And Starch Allocation Patterns In Populations Of Oxycaryum Cubense F. Cubense And Paraguayense In Mississippi, Louisiana, And Florida, Allison C. Squires, Ryan M. Wersal, Gray Turnage, Christopher R. Mudge, Benjamin P. Sperry
Biological Sciences Department Publications
Phenological studies for Cuban bulrush [Oxycaryum cubense (Poepp. & Kunth) Lye] have been limited to the monocephalous form in Lake Columbus (Mississippi). Accordingly, there is little available information on potential phenological differences among O. cubense forms (monocephalous vs. polycephalous) and populations in other geographic locations in the United States. Therefore, seasonal patterns of biomass and starch allocation in O. cubense were quantified from two populations in Lake Columbus on the Tennessee-Tombigbee Waterway in Mississippi (monocephalous), two populations from Lake Martin in Louisiana (polycephalous), and two populations from Orange Lake in Florida (polycephalous). Monthly samples of O. cubense inflorescence, emergent, and …
From Pixels To Plants: Remote Sensing Of California Invasive Plants, Kenneth Rangel
From Pixels To Plants: Remote Sensing Of California Invasive Plants, Kenneth Rangel
Master's Projects and Capstones
Invasive plants cause significant impacts to ecosystems, the economy, and human health. California has experienced significant plant invasions and is well suited to future invasion because of its Mediterranean climate and human disturbance. Eradication or control of invasive plant species requires a detailed understanding of their spatial distribution, which typically involves on the ground surveys that can be expensive or inconsistent. Remote sensing offers a potential alternative or supplement to in-person invasive plant mapping. This study performed a comparative analysis of 41 remote sensing studies that mapped the distribution of California invasive plants. I found that while high spectral resolution …
Impact Of Early-Season Postemergence Co-Applications Of Foliar And Residual Herbicides On Crop Injury, Growth, And Yield In 2,4-D- And Dicamba-Tolerant Cotton (Gossypium Hirsutum L.), Logan N. Vallee
LSU Master's Theses
Studies were conducted in 2021 through 2023 at the LSU AgCenter Dean Lee Research and Extension Center near Alexandria, LA to determine the sensitivity of 2,4-D- or dicamba- tolerant cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) to an early season application of a Group 15 and foliar-only herbicides. Both studies were randomized complete block designs with a two-factorial arrangement of treatments with four replications. In the dicamba-tolerant cotton study, Factor A consisted of no foliar-herbicide, dicamba alone, glyphosate alone, or dicamba plus glyphosate. Factor B consisted of either no Group 15 residual herbicide, acetochlor, or S-metolachlor. In the 2,4-D- tolerant cotton …
Vegetation Management During Establishment Of Native Grasses And Forb Plantings On Roadsides And Prairie Restoration, Rachel Woody-Pumford
Vegetation Management During Establishment Of Native Grasses And Forb Plantings On Roadsides And Prairie Restoration, Rachel Woody-Pumford
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
North American prairies have been shrinking due to agricultural production, overgrazing, development of cities and towns, and climate change. However, integrated roadside vegetation management (IRVM) creates the opportunity to reestablish prairies along roadsides through planting native grasses and forbs. Utilizing postememergence (POST) herbicides registered for use along rights-of-way has the potential to remove invasive species and create space for newly establishing native grass and forb species. The use of clopyralid, florpyrauxifen-benzyl, metsulfuron, and quinclorac were found to be safe for use in plantings containing big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii Vitman) and butterfly milkweed (Asclepias tuberosa L.). However, florpyrauxifen-benzyl injured and stunted …
Salinity Tolerance Of Flowering Rush, Butomus Umbellatus, Andrew Coomes
Salinity Tolerance Of Flowering Rush, Butomus Umbellatus, Andrew Coomes
Master's Theses
Flowering rush is an invasive aquatic plant in North America that causes deleterious effects to native ecosystems. There are two cytotypes, a triploid and diploid, and multiple genotypes contained within the diploid cytotype currently established in the U.S. Despite its presence in river drainages connected to estuarine areas, documentation on the salinity tolerance of flowering rush is scarce. Currently, information is limited to anecdotal reports suggesting intolerance to saline conditions. A better understanding of the osmotic tolerance of this species is essential to providing insight into its’ invasive range and better inform management efforts. These studies investigated vegetative propagule germination …