Plant Biology Commons^™

Deep And Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Of Rice Plants Infested By The Beet Armyworm (Spodoptera Exigua) And Water Weevil (Lissorhoptrus Oryzophilus), R. C. Venu, M. Sheshu Madhav, M. V. Sreerekha, Kan Nobuta, Yuan Zhang, Peter Carswell, Michael J. Boehm, B. C. Meyers, Kenneth L. Korth, Guo-Liang Wang

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

The beet armyworm (Spodoptera exigua) and the rice water weevil (Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus) are two important insect pests in rice production. To identify insect-responsive genes in rice, we performed a deep transcriptome analysis of Nipponbare rice leaves infested with both beet armyworm and water weevil using massively parallel signature sequencing (MPSS). Many antisense, alternative, and novel transcripts were commonly and specifically induced and suppressed in the infested tissue. Key genes involved in the defense metabolic pathways such as salicylic acid and jasmonic acid biosynthesis pathways were up-regulated in the infested leaves. To validate theMPSS results, we analyzed …

Education In Plant Pathology Present Status And Future Challenges, James Macdonald, Caitilyn Allen, David Gadoury, William Jacobi, Segenet Kelemu, James Moyer, Tim Murray, Kevin Ong, Charles Pearson, John Sherwood, Ann Vidaver

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Plant pathology is largely a mission driven discipline that seeks to increase the fundamental understanding of host–pathogen interactions and the etiology of plant diseases for the purpose of preventing or mitigating crop loss. This is an important mission because all nations face serious challenges in their efforts to prevent disease on plants cultivated for food, fiber, ornamental use, timber, and fuel, as well as those growing in native ecosystems. In 1994, it was estimated that global losses due to plant diseases ranged from 9.7 to 14.2% of potential yield (12).

Triticum Mosaic Virus: A Distinct Member Of The Family Potyviridae With An Unusually Long Leader Sequence, Satyanarayana Tatineni, Amy D. Ziems, Stephen N. Wegulo, Roy French

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

The complete genome sequence of Triticum mosaic virus (TriMV), a member in the family Potyviridae, has been determined to be 10,266 nucleotides (nt) excluding the 3′ polyadenylated tail. The genome encodes a large polyprotein of 3,112 amino acids with the “hall-mark proteins” of potyviruses, including a small overlapping gene, PIPO, in the P3 cistron. The genome of TriMV has an unusually long 5′ nontranslated region of 739 nt with 12 translation initiation codons and three small open reading frames, which resemble those of the internal ribosome entry site containing 5′ leader sequences of the members of Picornaviridae. Pairwise …

A Nonsense Mutation In A Cinnamyl Alcohol Dehydrogenase Gene Is Responsible For The Sorghum Brown Midrib6 Phenotype1[W][Oa], Scott E. Sattler, Aaron J. Saathoff, Eric J. Haas, Nathan A. Palmer, Deanna L. Funnell-Harris, Gautam Sarath, Jeffrey F. Pedersen

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

brown midrib6 (bmr6) affects phenylpropanoid metabolism, resulting in reduced lignin concentrations and altered lignin composition in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor). Recently, bmr6 plants were shown to have limited cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase activity (CAD; EC 1.1.1.195), the enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of hydroxycinnamoyl aldehydes (monolignals) to monolignols. A candidate gene approach was taken to identify Bmr6. Two CAD genes (Sb02g024190 and Sb04g005950) were identified in the sorghum genome based on similarity to known CAD genes and through DNA sequencing a nonsense mutation was discovered in Sb04g005950 that results in a truncated protein lacking the NADPH-binding and C-terminal …

Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria Allow Reduced Application Rates Of Chemical Fertilizers, A. O. Adesemoye, H. A. Torbert, J. W. Kloepper

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

The search for microorganisms that improve soil fertility and enhance plant nutrition has continued to attract attention due to the increasing cost of fertilizers and some of their negative environmental impacts. The objectives of this greenhouse study with tomato were to determine (1) if reduced rates of inorganic fertilizer coupled with microbial inoculants will produce plant growth, yield, and nutrient uptake levels equivalent to those with full rates of the fertilizer and (2) the minimum level to which fertilizer could be reduced when inoculants were used. The microbial inoculants used in the study were a mixture of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria …

First Report Of Columbia Root-Knot Nematode (Meloidogyne Chitwoodi) In Potato In Turkey, A. Ozarslandan, Z. Devran, N. Mutlu, I. H. Elekcioglu

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Columbia root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne chitwoodi Golden et al., was identified from potatoes, Solanum tuberosum L., collected from Nigde Province, Turkey in September 2006. Seed potatoes are the most likely source for this introduction. The nematode is currently found to be infecting potatoes grown in the Netherlands, Portugal, Belgium, Germany, the United States, Mexico, South Africa, and Argentina. M. chitwoodi acquired a quarantine status in Europe (1) because of its potential to become established worldwide and its high damage probability. Some countries prohibit import of both seed and table stock potatoes originating in states known to harbor M. chitwoodi. Lesions …

Crop Updates 2009 - Cereals, Jeff Baldock, Doug Edmeades, Mark Seymour, Paul Carmody, Ian Pritchard, Alan Meldrum, Michael Robertson, Roger Lawes, Rob Sands, Peter White, Felicity Byrne, Andrew Bathgate, Kedar Adhikari, Tanveer Khan, Stuart Morgan, Alan Harris, P. Gaur, K. M. H. Siddique, H. Clarke, N. C. Turner, W. Macleod, S. Morgan, Chris Veitch, Tony Leonforte, Kithsiri Jayasena, Geoff J. Thomas, Rob Loughman, Kazue Tanaka, Ravjit Khangura, Mohammad Amjad, Richard Oliver, Dusty Severtson, Peter Mangano, John Botha, Brenda A. Coutts, Manisha Shankar, Kasia Rybak, Michael Baker, Andrea Hills, Shahajahan Miyan, Peter Portmann, Nicole Rice, Robert Henry, Jeff Russell, Blakely H. Paynter, Linda Price, Brenda Shackley, Vicki Scanlan, Darshan Sharma, Christine M. Zaicou-Kunesch

Crop Updates

This session covers twenty seven papers from different authors:

PLENARY

1. Building soil carbon for productivity and implications for carbon accounting, Jeff Baldock, CSIRO Land and Water, Adelaide, SA

2. Fact or Fiction: Who is telling the truth and how to tell the difference, Doug Edmeades, agKnowledge Ltd, Hamilton

3. Four decades of crop sequence trials in Western Australia, Mark Seymour,Department of Agriculture and Food

BREAK CROPS

4. 2008 Break Crops survey Report, Paul Carmody,Development Officer, Department of Agriculture and Food

5. Attitudes of Western Australian wheatbelt growers to ‘Break Crops’, Paul Carmody and Ian …

Crop Updates 2009 - Weeds, Abul Hashem, Mike Clarke, Aik Cheam, Michael Walsh, Harmohinder Dhammu, Vince Lambert, Chris Roberts, Russell Quartermaine, David Nicholson, Mike Jackson, Bill Campbell, John Moore, Mario D'Antuono, Paul Matson, Peter Newman, Sally Peltzer, Dave Minkey, Stephen B. Powles, Qin Yu, Mechelle Owen, Roberto Busi, Sudheesh Manalil, Leigh Smith, Peter White, Fiona Evans, Art Diggle, Catherine Borger, Pippa Michael, Siew Lee, Rob Grima, Glenn Adam, Trevor Bell, Steve Davies, Glen Riethmuller

Crop Updates

This session covers twenty three papers from different authors:

Herbicides

1. New pre-seeding grass selective herbicides – How well do they work in zero or no-till systems? Dr Catherine Borgerand Dr Abul Hashem, Department of Agriculture and Food

2. Velocity®—An alternate mode of action for the control of wild radish in cereals, Mike Clarke, Bayer Cropscience Pty Ltd, Dr Aik Cheam, Department of Agriculture and Food, Dr Michael Walsh, WAHRI, University of Western Australia

3. Herbicide tolerance of new barley varieties, Harmohinder Dhammu, Vince Lambert, Chris Roberts and Russell Quartermaine, Department of Agriculture and Food

4. Herbicide tolerance of …

Evaluating Pseudomonas Aeruginosa As Plant Growth–Promoting Rhizobacteria In West Africa, Anthony O. Adesemoye, Esther O. Ugoji

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Some parameters of growth were examined in three test crops as indices of plant growth–promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) ability of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Crops include Abelmoschus esculentus L. (okra), Lycopersicon esculentum L. (tomato), and Amaranthus sp. (African spinach). This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of PGPR in West Africa and determine whether the inoculation method has an impact on PGPR’s effectiveness. Bacterium was isolated from topsoil in the Botanical Garden, University of Lagos, Nigeria. Inoculation with bacteria was done by soaking seeds in 10⁶ cfu/ml of bacterial suspension, and coating was done using 10% starch (w/v) as seed adhesive …

Roadmap For Future Research On Plant Pathogen Effectors, James R. Alfano

Center for Plant Science Innovation: Faculty Publications

Bacterial and eukaryotic plant pathogens deliver effector proteins into plant cells to promote pathogenesis. Bacterial pathogens containing type III protein secretion systems are known to inject many of these effectors into plant cells. More recently, oomycete pathogens have been shown to possess a large family of effectors containing the RXLR motif, and many effectors are also being discovered in fungal pathogens. Although effector activities are largely unknown, at least a subset suppress plant immunity. A plethora of new plant pathogen genomes that will soon be available thanks to next-generation sequencing technologies will allow the identification of many more effectors. This …

Histone H3 Phosphorylation: Universal Code Or Lineage Specific Dialects?, Heriberto Cerutti, J. Armando Casas-Mollano

Center for Plant Science Innovation: Faculty Publications

Post-translational modifications of histones modulate the functional landscape of chromatin and impinge on many DNA-mediated processes. Phosphorylation of histone H3 plays a role in the regulation of gene expression and in chromosome condensation/segregation. Certain evolutionarily conserved residues on histone H3—namely Thr3, Ser10, Thr11, and Ser28—are phosphorylated during interphase or mitosis in both metazoa and plants. However, many of the kinases involved in these events appear to have evolved independently in different lineages. Likewise, the mechanistic function of specific phosphorylated amino acids, although poorly understood, also seems to differ among eukaryotes. Moreover, some modifications, such as phosphorylation of histone H3 Ser10, …

Protein-Protein Interactions Of Tandem Affinity Purified Protein Kinases From Rice, Jai S. Rohila, Mei Chen, Shuo Chen, Johann Chen, Ronald L. Cerny, Christopher Dardick, Patrick Canlas, Hiroaki Fujii, Michael Gribskov, Siddhartha Kanrar, Lucas Knoflicek, Becky Stevenson, Mingtang Xie, Xia Xu, Xianwu Zheng, Jing-Kang Zhu, Pamela Ronald, Michael E. Fromm

Center for Plant Science Innovation: Faculty Publications

Eighty-eight rice (Oryza sativa) cDNAs encoding rice leaf expressed protein kinases (PKs) were fused to a Tandem Affinity Purification tag (TAP-tag) and expressed in transgenic rice plants. The TAP-tagged PKs and interacting proteins were purified from the T1 progeny of the transgenic rice plants and identified by tandem mass spectrometry. Forty-five TAPtagged PKs were recovered in this study and thirteen of these were found to interact with other rice proteins with a high probability score. In vivo phosphorylated sites were found for three of the PKs. A comparison of the TAP-tagged data from a combined analysis of 129 …

Participation Of Leaky Ribosome Scanning In Protein Dual Targeting By Alternative Translation Initiation In Higher Plants, Yashitola Wamboldt, Saleem Mohammed, Christian Elowsky, Chris Wittgren, Wilson B. M. De Paula, Sally Ann Mackenzie

Center for Plant Science Innovation: Faculty Publications

Postendosymbiotic evolution has given rise to proteins that are multiply targeted within the cell. Various mechanisms have been identified to permit the expression of proteins encoding distinct N termini from a single gene. One mechanism involves alternative translation initiation (aTI). We previously showed evidence of aTI activity within the Arabidopsis thaliana organellar DNA polymerase gene POLg2. Translation initiates at four distinct sites within this gene, two non-AUG, to produce distinct plastid and mitochondrially targeted forms of the protein. To understand the regulation of aTI in higher plants, we used Polg2 as a model to investigate both cis- and trans …

Intergenic Transcription By Rna Polymerase Ii Coordinates Pol Iv And Pol V In Sirna-Directed Transcriptional Gene Silencing In Arabidopsis, Binglian Zheng, Zhengming Wang, Shengben Li, Bin Yu, Jin -Yuan Liu, Xuemei Chen

Center for Plant Science Innovation: Faculty Publications

Intergenic transcription by RNA Polymerase II (Pol II) is widespread in plant and animal genomes, but the functions of intergenic transcription or the resulting noncoding transcripts are poorly understood. Here, we show that Arabidopsis Pol II is indispensable for endogenous siRNA-mediated transcriptional gene silencing (TGS) at intergenic low-copy-number loci, despite the presence of two other polymerases—Pol IV and Pol V—that specialize in TGS through siRNAs. We show that Pol II produces noncoding scaffold transcripts that originate outside of heterochromatic, siRNA-generating loci. Through these transcripts and physical interactions with the siRNA effector protein ARGONAUTE4 (AGO4), Pol II recruits AGO4/siRNAs to homologous …

Effects Of Increased Pco2 And Temperature On The North Atlantic Spring Bloom. Iii. Dimethylsulfoniopropionate, Peter A. Lee, Jamie R. Rudisill, Aimee R. Neeley, Jennifer M. Maucher, David A. Hutchins, Yuanyuan Feng, Clinton E. Hare, Karine Leblanc, Julie M. Rose, Steven W. Wilhelm, Janet M. Rowe, Giacomo R. Ditullio

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

The CLAW hypothesis argues that a negative feedback mechanism involving phytoplankton- derived dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) could mitigate increasing sea surface temperatures that result from global warming. DMSP is converted to the climatically active dimethylsulfide (DMS), which is transferred to the atmosphere and photochemically oxidized to sulfate aerosols, leading to increases in planetary albedo and cooling of the Earth’s atmosphere. A shipboard incubation experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of increased temperature and pCO₂ on the algal community structure of the North Atlantic spring bloom and their subsequent impact on particulate and dissolved DMSP concentrations (DMSP_p and DMSP_{d …}

Choline-Utilizing Microblal Strains For Biologically Controlling Fusarium Head Blight, David A. Schisler, Naseem I. Khan, Michael J. Boehm, Patricia J. Slininger

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Three choline utilizing strains of microorganisms isolated from the anthers of wheat, Aureobasidium pullulans strainAS 55.2, Arthrobacter species strain OH 221.3, and Pseudomonas species strain AS 64.4, are superior antagonists of F. graminearum. These microorganisms are effective for suppression and control of FHB in cereals, particularly in wheat and barley.

Dollar Spot Fungus Sclerotinla Homoeocarpa Produces Oxalic Acid, R. C. Venu, Robert A. Beaulieu, Terrance L. Graham, Ainhoa Martinez Medina, Michael J. Boehm

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Dollar spot, caused by Sclerotinia homoeocarpa,. is one of the most devastating diseases of turfgrass worldwide. Many fungi belonging to the genus Sclerotinia produce oxalic acid along with pectolytic cell wall-degrading enzymes. A series of in vitro experiments showed the relationships among temperature, pH, mycelial growth and acid production. Mycelial growth and acid production were most abundant when S. homoeocarpa was grown between 20 and 30°C. Acid production by S. homoeocarpa appeared to be dependent upon the pH of the environment in which it was grown. High performance liquid chromatography analysis of spent broth revealed the presence of oxalic acid. …

Molecular Characterization Of Citrus Tatter Leaf Virus Historically Associated With Meyer Lemon Trees: Complete Genome Sequence And Development Of Biologically Active In Vitro Transcripts, Satyanarayana Tatineni, Mohammad R. Afunian, Mark E. Hilf, Siddarame Gowda, William O. Dawson, Stephen M. Garnsey

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Citrus tatter leaf virus isolated from Meyer lemon trees (CTLV-ML) from California and Florida induces bud union incompatibility of citrus trees grafted on the widely used trifoliate and trifoliate hybrid rootstocks. The complete genome sequence of CTLV-ML was determined to be 6,495 nucleotides (nts), with two overlapping open reading frames (ORFs) and a poly (A) tail at the 3′ end. The genome organization is similar to other capilloviruses, with ORF1 (nts 37 to 6,354) encoding a putative 242-kDa polyprotein which contains replication-associated domains plus a coat protein (CP), and ORF2 (nts 4,788 to 5,750), which is located within ORF1 in …

Plant-Microbes Interactions In Enhanced Fertilizer-Use Efficiency, Anthony O. Adesemoye, Joseph W. Kloepper

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

The continued use of chemical fertilizers and manures for enhanced soil fertility and crop productivity often results in unexpected harmful environmental effects, including leaching of nitrate into groundwater, surface runoff of phosphorus and nitrogen runoff, and eutrophication of aquatic ecosystems. Integrated nutrient management systems are needed to maintain agricultural productivity and protect the environment. Microbial inoculants are promising components of such management systems. This review is a critical summary of the efforts in using microbial inoculants, including plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi for increasing the use efficiency of fertilizers. Studies with microbial inoculants and nutrients have demonstrated that …

Accumulation Of A 5′ Proximal Subgenomic Rna Of Citrus Tristeza Virus Is Correlated With Encapsidation By The Minor Coat Protein, Siddarame Gowda, Satyanarayana Tatineni, Svetlana Y. Folimonova, Mark E. Hilf, William O. Dawson

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

During replication, Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) produces large amounts of two unusual subgenomic (sg) RNAs that are positive-stranded and 5′ coterminal. Although these RNAs are produced in similar amounts and are similar in size, with LMT1 (~750 nt) only slightly larger than LMT2 (~650), we found that the similar sgRNAs are produced differently. We previously showed that the LMT1 RNA is produced by premature termination during genomic RNA synthesis. However, LMT2 production was found to correlate with virion assembly instead of RNA replication. The time course of accumulation of the LMT2 RNA occurred late, coinciding with virion accumulation. The long …

Integrated Management Strategies For Phytophthora Sojae Combining Host Resistance And Seed Treatments, A. E. Dorrance, A. E. Robertson, S. Cianzo, L. J. Giesler, C. R. Grau, M. A. Draper, A. U. Tenuta, T. R. Anderson

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Phytophthora sojae has re-emerged as a serious soybean pathogen in the past decade. This may be due in part to changes in resistance levels in current cultivars, adoption of P. sojae populations to deployed Rps genes, and highly favorable environments in the past decade. This multilocation study evaluated the effect of seed treatments on the incidence and severity of Phytophthora root and stem rot on soybeans with different combinations of Rps genes and levels of partial resistance. The efficacy of the seed treatments was highly variable across locations. Seed treatments (metalaxyl and mefenoxam) provided protection and increased yields across cultivars …

First Report Of Soybean Rust Caused By Phakopsora Pachyrhizi In Nebraska, S. R. Watson, L. J. Giesler, A. D. Ziems, T. E. Brovont

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Soybean rust caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi Sydow was first observed in the continental United States in Louisiana in November 2004 (2). As part of the national soybean rust monitoring effort, samples were collected on 3 October 2007 during the scouting of fields with green leaves in southeastern Nebraska. After incubation at room temperature for 24 h, uredinea and urediniospores were observed with microscopic examination. Urediniospores were obovoid, hyaline to pale brown, and measured 20 to 30 × 18 to 20 μm.

Enhanced Plant Nutrient Use Efficiency With Pgpr And Amf In An Integrated Nutrient Management System, A. O. Adesemoye, H. A. Torbert, J. W. Kloepper

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

A 3-year field study was conducted with field corn from 2005 to 2007 to test the hypothesis that microbial inoculants that increase plant growth and yield can enhance nutrient uptake, and thereby remove more nutrients—especially N, P, and K—from the field as part of an integrated nutrient management system. The field trial evaluated microbial inoculants, which include a commercially available plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF), and their combination across 2 tillage systems (no-till and conventional till) and 2 fertilization regimes (poultry litter and ammonium nitrate). Data were collected on plant height, yield (dry mass of ears and …

Phytopathogen Type Iii Effector Weaponry And Their Plant Targets, Anna Block, Guangyong Li, Zheng Qing Fu, James R. Alfano

Center for Plant Science Innovation: Faculty Publications

Phytopathogenic bacteria suppress plant innate immunity and promote pathogenesis by injecting proteins called type III effectors into plant cells using a type III protein secretion system. These type III effectors use at least three major strategies to alter host responses. One strategy is to alter host protein turnover, either by direct cleavage or by modulating ubiquitination and targeting to the 26S proteasome. Another strategy involves alteration of RNA metabolism by transcriptional activation or ADP-ribosylation of RNA-binding proteins. A third major strategy is to inhibit the kinases involved in plant defence signalling, either by removing phosphates or by direct inhibition. The …

Method For Efficient Post Transcriptional Gene Slencing Using Intrinsic Direct Repeat Sequences And Utilization Thereof Infunctional Genomics, Amitava Mitra, Chonglie Ma

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

It is well documented that transgenes with inverted repeats can efficiently trigger post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS), presumably via a double stranded RNA induced by complementary sequences in their transcripts. We show here that transgenes with intrinsic direct repeats can also induce PTGS at a very high frequency (80-100%). A transgene with three or four repeats induced PTGS in almost 100% of the primary transformants, regardless of whether a strong (en hanced 35S promoter) or a relatively weak (chlorophyll a?b binding protein promoter) promoter was used. The PTGS induced by three or four repeats is consistently inherited in Subsequent generations, and …

An Antibiotic Complex From Lysobacter Enzymogenes Strain C3: Antimicrobial Activity And Role In Plant Disease Control, S. Li, C. C. Jochum, F. Yu, K. Zaleta-Rivera, L. Du, Steven D. Harris, Gary Y. Yuen

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Lysobacter enzymogenes C3 is a bacterial biological control agent that exhibits antagonism against multiple fungal pathogens. Its antifungal activity was attributed in part to lytic enzymes. In this study, a heat-stable antifungal factor (HSAF), an antibiotic complex consisting of dihydromaltophilin and structurally related macrocyclic lactams, was found to be responsible for antagonism by C3 against fungi and oomycetes in culture. HSAF in purified form exhibited inhibitory activity against a wide range of fungal and oomycetes species in vitro, inhibiting spore germination, and disrupting hyphal polarity in sensitive fungi. When applied to tall fescue leaves as a partially-purified extract, HSAF at …

Crop Updates 2008 - Lupins, Pulses And Oilseeds, Mark Seymour, Robert Johnson, Ian Pritchard, Raj Malik, Wayne Parker, Martin Harries, Robert French, Jo Walker, Laurie Maiolo, Leigh Smith, Alan Harris, Rod Hunter, Tanveer Khan, Jenny Garlinge, Pooran Gaur, Kambot Siddique, Heather Clarke, Neil Turner, William Macleod, Stuart Morgan, Wendy Vance, Philip Chambers, Chris Veitch, Tony Leonforte, Rodger Beermier, Moin U. Salam, Jenny Davidson, Jean Galloway, Pip Payne, Tess Humphries, Art Diggle, Harmohinder Dhammu, Michael Materne, Kerry Regan, Mohammad Amjad, Andy Sutherland, Pat Fels, Glen Riethmuller, Wallace Cowling, Milton Saunders, Eliot Jones, Chris Newman, John Duff, David Sermon, Svetlana Micic, Anthony Dore, Geoff Strickland, Blakely Paynter, Vince Lambert, Chris Roberts

Crop Updates

This session covers twenty six papers from different authors:

Regional Roundup

1. SOUTH EAST AGRICULTURAL REGION, Mark Seymour Department of Agriculture and Food, and Robert Johnson CBH Group, Esperance

2. CENTRAL AGRICULTURAL REGION, Ian Pritchard, Department of Agriculture and Food

3. GREAT SOUTHERN AND LAKES REGION, Raj Malik, Department of Agriculture and Food

4. NORTHERN AGRICULTURAL REGION, Wayne Parker and Martin Harries, Department of Agriculture and Food

LUPINS

5. Cropping lupins in wide rows in Western Australia, Martin Harries and Bob French, Department of Agriculture and Food

6. The effect of sowing time and radish density …

Crop Updates 2008 - Cereals, Christine M. Zaicou-Kunesch, Shahajahan Miyan, Brenda Shackley, Steve Penny, Sarah Ellis, Darshan Sharma, Blakely Paynter, Jeff Russell, Andrea Hills, Glen Riethmuller, Bill Bowden, Paul Blackwell, Harmohinder Dhammu, Vince Lambert, Chris Roberts, David Cox, Sally Cox, Jeremy Lemon, Paul Damon, Zed Rengel, Geoff J. Thomas, Ciara Beard, Anne Smith, Kithsiri Jayasena, Sean Kelly, Rob Loughman, Bill Macleod, Raj Malik, Ravjit Khangura, Vivien Vanstone, Colin Hanbury, Mehreteab Aberra, Gordon Masnish, Brenda A. Coutts, Geoff Strickland, Monica Kehoe, Dustin Severtson, Roger A C Jones, Dominie Wright, Megan Jordan, Xinhua He, Eli Manyol, Song-Ai Nio, Imran Malik, Tina Botwright-Acuña, Len Wade, Nigel Metz, Linda Price, Dean A. Diepeveen, Leisa Armstrong, Peter Clarke, Doug Abrecht, Rudi Appels, Matthew Bellgard

Crop Updates

This session covers twenty four papers from different authors:

WHEAT AGRONOMY

1. Wheat variety performance in the Northern Agricultural Region in 2007, Christine Zaicou, Department of Agriculture and Food

2. Wheat variety performance on the Central Agricultural Region in 2007, Shahajahan Miyan, Department of Agriculture and Food

3. Response of wheat varieties to sowing time in the Great Southern and Lakes Region in 2007, Brenda Shackley and Steve Penny, Department of Agriculture and Food

4. Wheat variety performance in the South Coastal Region in 2007, Sarah Ellis, Department of Agriculture and Food

5. Flowering dates of wheat varieties in Western …

Uses Of The Pseudomonas Syringae Effector Protein Hopu1 Related To Itsability To Adp-Rbosylate Eukaryotc Rna Binding Protens, James R. Alfano, Zheng Qing Fu, Thomas E. Elthon

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

The bacterial plant pathogen Pseudomonas Syringae injects effector proteins into host cells via a type III protein secre tion system to cause disease. The invention relates to the discovery that the type III effector HopU1 is a mono-ADP ribosyltransferase (ADP-RT) and suppresses plant innate immunity. The HopU1 substrates in Arabidopsis thaliana extracts were RNA-binding proteins that possess RNA recognition motifs (RRMs). A. thaliana knock-out lines defective in the glycine-rich RNA-binding protein AtGRP7, a HopU1 substrate, were more susceptible than wild type plants to P syringae. The ADP-ribosylation of AtGRP7 by HopU1 required two arginines within the RRM. The inven tion …

Comparison Of Plant Growth-Promotion With Pseudomonas Aeruginosa And Bacillus Subtilis In Three Vegetables, A. O. Adesemoye, M. Obini, E. O. Ugoji

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Our objective was to compare some plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) properties of Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa as representatives of their two genera. Solanum lycopersicum L. (tomato), Abelmoschus esculentus (okra), and Amaranthus sp. (African spinach) were inoculated with the bacterial cultures. At 60 days after planting, dry biomass for plants treated with B. subtilis and P. aeruginosa increased 31% for tomato, 36% and 29% for okra, and 83% and 40% for African spinach respectively over the non-bacterized control. Considering all the parameters tested, there were similarities but no significant difference at P < 0.05 between the overall performances of the two organisms.