Botany Commons^™

A Watershed Analysis Of Threemile Pond: Implications For Water Quality And Land Use Management, Colby Environmental Assessment Team, Colby College, Problems In Environmental Science Course (Biology 493), Colby College

Colby College Watershed Study: Threemile Pond (2003)

The 2003 Colby Environmental Assessment Team chose to study the Threemile Pond watershed. The Threemile Pond watershed is located in Vassalboro, China., Windsor, and Augusta, Maine. Threemile Pond is a popular site for recreation and is home to a wide range of flora and fauna. Like all other lakes in Maine, it is a young lake. However, intensive human activity in the watershed contributes a substantial amount of nutrients and the lake has algal blooms annually in the summer months. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of land use and development on the water quality of …

Molecular Phylogenetics Of Neotropical Leafless Angraecinae (Orchidaceae): Re-Evaluation Of Generic Concepts, Barbara S. Carlsward, W. Mark Whitten, Morris H. Williams

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

Phylogenetic relationships of leafless Neotropical Angraecinae (Dendrophylax Rchb.f., Harrisella Fawc. & Rendle, Polyradicion Garay, and Campylocentrum Benth.) were estimated using combined nuclear (ITS nrDNA) and plastid (matK and trnL-F) data sets with African angraecoid taxa as outgroups. Results indicate that Harrisella, Polyradicion, and Campylocentrum filiforme (Sw.) Cogn. are embedded within Dendrophylax and should be included in Dendrophylax. This contrasts with earlier generic concepts, which have been based mainly on gross differences in floral size and various morphological autapomorphies. Based on our current sampling, Campylocentrum includes both leafy and leafless species and is sister to a broadly defined Dendrophylax.

A Utah Flora: 3rd Edition, Stanley L. Welsh, N. Duane Atwood, Sherel Goodrich, Larry C. Higgins

Books by Faculty of the Monte L. Bean Life Science Museum

No abstract provided.

Discovery: The Student Journal Of Dale Bumpers College Of Agricultural, Food And Life Sciences - Volume 4 2003, Several Authors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Molecular Phylogenetics Of Neotropical Leafless Angraecinae (Orchidaceae): Re-Evaluation Of Generic Concepts, Barbara Carlsward, W. Whitten, Morris Williams

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

Phylogenetic relationships of leafless Neotropical Angraecinae (Dendrophylax Rchb.f., Harrisella Fawc. & Rendle, Polyradicion Garay, and Campylocentrum Benth.) were estimated using combined nuclear (ITS nrDNA) and plastid (matK and trnL-F) data sets with African angraecoid taxa as outgroups. Results indicate that Harrisella, Polyradicion, and Campylocentrum filiforme (Sw.) Cogn. are embedded within Dendrophylax and should be included in Dendrophylax. This contrasts with earlier generic concepts, which have been based mainly on gross differences in floral size and various morphological autapomorphies. Based on our current sampling, Campylocentrum includes both leafy and leafless species and is sister to a broadly defined Dendrophylax.

Instructions For Authors, Discovery Editors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

A New Record From Turkey: Galinsoga Ciliata (Rafin) S.F.Blake (Asteraceae), İlhan Kaya, Yildiz Nemli̇

Turkish Journal of Botany

Galinsoga ciliata (Rafin.). S.F.Blake (Asteraceae) from West Anatolia is described as a new record for the Flora of Turkey.

A New Record For Turkey From East Anatolia: Alyssum Heterotrichum Boiss., Murat Ünal, Lütfi̇ Behçet

Turkish Journal of Botany

Alyssum heterotrichum Boiss. (Brassicacecae) from east Anatolia (B9 Van) is a new record for the flora of Turkey.

Forage Yield And Economic Losses Associated With The Brown-Midrib Trait In Sudangrass, M. D. Casler, Jeffrey F. Pedersen, D. J. Undersander

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Brown-midrib genes increase digestibility due to reduced lignification in sudangrass, Sorghum bicolor subsp. drummondii (Nees ex Steud.) de Wet & Harlan. Brown-midrib lines are known to be low in forage yield potential, but this reduction in forage yield has not been previously quantified. The objectives of this study were to quantify the increase in forage quality and decrease in forage yield and to provide an economic assessment of this dichotomy. Piper and Greenleaf (normal leaves) were compared with their brown-midrib counterparts and four highly selected brown-midrib (FG) lines at two locations for 2 yr. Brown-midrib lines averaged 9.0% lower in …

Registration Of Rn582 Sorghum Germplasm Line, J. F. Pedersen, J. J. Toy

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

RN582 sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.)Moench] germplasm line (Reg. no. GP-591, PI 628277) was developed jointly by the USDA-ARS and the Agricultural Research Division, Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Nebraska, and was released in September 2001.

RN582 is an S₆ selection from the cross (RTx430 ms₃ms₃X E 35-1) X E 35-1. RTx430 was developed and released by the Texas Agricultural Experiment Station (Miller, 1984) and was provided to this project containing the nuclear male sterility gene ms₃ by A.B. Maunder in 1988. E 35-1 is an Ethiopian land race with white …

Diurnal Variation In The Basal Emission Rate Of Isoprene, Jennifer L. Funk, Clive G. Jones, Christine J. Baker, Heather M. Fuller, Christian P. Giardina, Manuel T. Lerdau

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

Isoprene is emitted from numerous plant species and profoundly influences tropospheric chemistry. Due to the short lifetime of isoprene in the atmosphere, developing an understanding of emission patterns at small time scales is essential for modeling regional atmospheric chemistry processes. Previous studies suggest that diurnal fluctuations in isoprene emission may be substantial, leading to inaccuracies in emission estimates at larger scales. We examined diurnal patterns in the basal emission rate of isoprene in red oak (Quercus rubra), eastern cottonwood (Populus deltoides), and eucalyptus (Eucalyptus saligna) and the influence of light and temperature on the magnitude of these diurnal patterns. Maximum …

On The Rare Endemic Hydrophyllum Brownei Kral & Bates (Browne's Waterleaf): New Population Information And A Recommendation For Change In Status, Travis D. Marsico

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Hydrophyllum brownei Krai & Bates (Browne's waterleaf), newly described in 1991, is endemic to the Ouachita Mountain Natural Division of Arkansas. For the purpose of better understanding population parameters within which H. brownei grows, ranges of shade values, population extents, and population distance relationships to streams were measured. Hydrophyllum brownei grows in extremely high shade, in populations of widely varying sizes, and always in association with a stream system. In order to list species associated with H. brownei, vouchers of species assemblages were collected at the H. brownei sites visited. The species is designated as critically imperiled globally because of …

David Grandison Fairchild (Botanist), Janet Butler Munch

Publications and Research

Biographical sketch of American botanist David Grandison Fairchild (1869-1954).

Macrofungi Flora Of Bozkır District (Konya), Si̇nan Aktaş, Celaleddi̇n Öztürk, Giyasetti̇n Kaşik, Şükrü Sabahlar, Hasan Hüseyi̇n Doğan

Turkish Journal of Botany

The macrofungi specimens were collected from different localities of the Bozkır (Konya) district in 2000-2001, particularly during autumn and spring. As a result of these field and laboratory studies, 74 species belonging to 23 families were identified. Of these, seven belong to Ascomycetes and 67 belong to Basidiomycetes.

Isolation And Identification Of Soilborne Fungi In Fields Irrigated By Gap In Harran Plain Using Two Isolation Methods, Ayşe Di̇lek Azaz

Turkish Journal of Botany

The microfungal flora of field soils irrigated by the South-eastern Anatolia Project (GAP: Güneydoğu Anadolu Projesi) in Harran Plain were investigated in terms of quality and quantity, using the soil dilution plate and soil washing methods. A total of 1690 microfungi were isolated from 105 soil samples. With the identification of these isolates, 109 species plus 16 different sterile fungi were identified. Sixty-two of these taxa were isolated through the soil dilution plate method, seven through the soil washing method, and 40 through both methods. The results indicate that ten of these species belong to Mucorales, four to Sphaeriales, one …

A New Record For Turkey: Solidago Canadensis L., Sali̇h Terzi̇oğlu, Rahi̇m Anşi̇n, Emel Kanoğlu

Turkish Journal of Botany

Solidago canadensis L. (Compositae) is reported for the first time (A5 Kastamonu) for the flora of Turkey; it is a naturalized alien.

Myxomycetes From Erzurum, Bayburt And Gümüşhane Provinces (Turkey), İjlal Ocak, İsmet Hasenekoğlu

Turkish Journal of Botany

The myxomycete flora of Erzurum, Bayburt and Gümüşhane provinces was investigated. Thirty-one myxomycete species were isolated in moist chamber culture. Licea tuberculata G.W.Martin, Physarum leucopus Link and Didymium crustaceum Fr. are new records for Turkey.

The Flora Of Ahırdağı (Afyonkarahisar) And Its Environs, Mustafa Kargioğlu

Turkish Journal of Botany

The flora of Ahırdağı was investigated between 1996 and 2000. In the vegetation periods, a total of 965 plant specimens were collected. At the end of the study 603 taxa at species and subspecies ranks belonging to 299 genera and 80 families had been determined. Seventy-nine taxa are endemic, and the ratio is 13.10 %. The phytogeographical spectra of the species are as follows: Mediterranean 13.10 %, Irano-Turanian 11.61 %, Euro-Siberian 11.61 % and phytogeographically unknown 63.68 %. Threatened categories were proposed for the 79 endemic taxa according to IUCN categories.

Atmospheric Concentrations Of Cladosporium Link And Alternaria Nées Spores In Ankara And The Effects Of Meteorological Factors, Nazmi̇ye Şakiyan, Özden İnceoğlu

Turkish Journal of Botany

Cladosporium Link and Alternaria Nées known as the most allergenic spores, were first collected by means of a Burkard seven-day recording volumetric trap from the Ankara atmosphere from January 1990 to January 1991. The daily, monthly and annual variations in spores/m^3 of Cladosporium and Alternaria were recorded. The effects of some climatological factors such as rainfall, temperature, relative humidity and wind speed on variations in spore concentrations have been investigated.

Macrofungi Of Samsun Province, Aysun Pekşen, Gürsel Karaca

Turkish Journal of Botany

A total of 169 species of macrofungi were determined in Samsun province between 1997 and 2001, of which 19 belonged to the Ascomycota, 149 to the Basidiomycota and one to the Myxomycota. Among these, 51 species were edible, 67 inedible, 28 edible but not worthwhile or best avoided because of possible confusion with poisonous species, and 12 species were poisonous. The edibility of 11 species was unknown.

Pioneering Biotechnological Works On Hordeum Vulgare L. Cvs Performed In Collaboration With The İstanbul University Biology Department And The Tübi̇tak Research Institute For Genetic Engineering And Biotechnology, Nermi̇n Gözükirmizi

Turkish Journal of Botany

Hordeum vulgare L. (barley) is an important cereal crop and is also an excellent model organism for biochemists, physiologists, geneticists and molecular biologists. H. vulgare cvs. have been used as a model system for almost 30 years at the Biology Department of İstanbul University, İstanbul-Turkey. The first studies on experimental mutagenesis were followed by tissue culture, gene transfers, DNA marker applications and finally DNA arrays which, progressed further after the 1990 when collaboration was established with the Plant Biotechnology group at the TÜBİTAK Research Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology in Gebze, Kocaeli-Turkey. This review article outlines the results of …

2003 Survey Of Priority Natural Communities In Jefferson County, Nebraska, Robert F. Steinauer

Nebraska Game and Parks Commission: White Papers, Conference Presentations, and Manuscripts

This survey was undertaken to update information on native plant communities and wildlife habitats in Nebraska to facilitate the development of the Nebraska Game and Parks Commission’s (NGPC) Comprehensive Wildlife Plan. The specific intent of the project was to identify and map all large blocks of privately owned native plant communities within the survey area. In 2003, the surveys focused on eastern Nebraska, specifically deciduous forest communities along the Missouri River, tallgrass prairies of southeastern Nebraska (Pawnee, Gage, Jefferson, and eastern Thayer counties), and loess mixed-grass prairies in central Nebraska. A brief survey of the Elkhorn River valley in Madison …

Letter From The Dean, Gregory J. Weidemann

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Response Of Blackberry Cultivars To Nematode Transmission Of Tobacco Ringspot Virus, Alisha Sanny, John R. Clark, Rose Gergerich

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

A study was conducted on eight cultivars of blackberry (‘Apache’, ‘Arapaho’, ‘Chester’, ‘Chickasaw’, ‘Kiowa’, ‘Navaho’, ‘Shawnee’, and ‘Triple Crown’), of which four plants of each were previously determined in the fall of 2001 to have root, but not leaf, infection with Tobacco ringspot virus (TRSV). The objectives of our study were to determine virus effects on plant vigor and the spread of virus infection in the plants. Eight plants of each cultivar, four infected and four free of infection, were grown in pots on a gravel pad for the 2002 growing season, and samples of primocane and floricane leaves were …

Contents, Discovery Editors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

The Characteristics Of Consumers And Producers Using Farmers’ Markets, Walter Hugo Anez, Michael R. Thomsen

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

This study examines the perceptions of both consumers and producers towards farmers’ markets. Consumer perceptions are generalized from several previous studies conducted throughout the United States. Producer information was gathered through a survey of members of one farmers’ market in Arkansas. Previous studies, conducted in both rural and urban areas, indicate that the typical famers’ market customer is well educated and is of higher than average income. These consumers place great importance on quality of produce, knowledge that produce is grown locally, and the social interaction obtained through the farmers’ market experience. For producers, the farmers’ market is an important …

The Effects Of Potential Organic Apple Fruit Thinners On Gas Exchange And Growth Of Model Apple Trees: A Model Plant Study Of Transient Photosynthetic Inhibitors And Their Effect On Physiology And Growth, Jason D. Mcafee, Curt C. Rom

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

Few fruit thinners have been certified for organic fruit growers. Previous studies have shown that herbicides or shade are capable of reducing photosynthesis and are effective fruit-thinning techniques, although impractical. This project evaluated use of a model plant system of vegetative apple trees grown under controlled conditions to study photosynthetic inhibitors, which could be used as potential organic thinning agents. Various concentrations of osmotics, salts, and oils (lime-sulfur, potassium bisulfite, potassium bicarbonate, sodium chloride, soybean oil) were applied to actively growing apple trees and showed a reduced trend on the rate of apple tree photosynthetic assimilation (Pn), evapotranspiration (Et), and …

Effects Of Virus Infection On Release Of Volatile Organic Compounds From Insect-Damaged Bean, Phaseolus Vulgaris, Sarah E. Sossamon, Britney K. Jackson, B. Alison Drumwright, Kenneth L. Korth, Gisela F. Erf

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

Insects can serve as important vectors of plant pathogens, especially viruses. Insect feeding on plants causes the systemic release of a wide range of plant volatile compounds that can serve as an indirect plant defense by attracting natural enemies of the herbivorous insect. Previous work suggests that the Mexican bean beetle (Epilachna varivestis) prefers to feed on plants infected by either of two viruses that it is known to transmit: Southern bean mosaic virus (SBMV) or Bean pod mottle virus (BPMV). A possible explanation for the preferred feeding on virus-infected tissues is that the beetles are attracted by volatile signals …

Effect Of Triticum Turgidum Cytoplasm On Test Weight Of Soft Red Winter Wheat, Juan Mayta, Robert Bacon, John Kelly, Edward Gbur

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

The effect of Triticum turgidum cytoplasm on soft red winter wheat (T. aestivum) was studied relative to test weight (bushel weight) and agronomic traits such as heading date, resistance to leaf rust, and plant color. The cytoplasmic effects were studied in three genetic backgrounds by crossing the cultivars Jackson, Pioneer 2684, and Wakefield with a plant introduction PI590277 that carried T. turgidum cytoplasm. Twelve alloplasmic and euplasmic populations were developed through a backcrossing procedure. The study used a micro test weight procedure to compare F4 lines within the populations for test weight. The data for other agronomic traits were taken …

Chitosanase May Enhance Anti-Fungal Defense Responses In Transgenic Tobacco, Bill L. Hendrix, James Mcd. Stewart

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

Chitosanase is an enzyme, similar to chitinase, capable of hydrolyzing the β-1,4-linkages between N-acetyl-D-glucosamine and D-glucosamine residues in partially acetylated chitosan polymers found in fungal cell walls. When attacked by pathogenic fungi, many plants exploit this hydrolytic action as a component of a larger post-attack defense response, but these enzymes may also play a role in the initial plant-pathogen interaction via the generation of elicitors resulting from the hydrolysis of fungal cell walls. To gain insight into these mechanisms, a Paenbacillus chitosanase was cloned, sequenced, and modified for plant expression. The modified gene was delivered to tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. …