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Articles 211 - 240 of 709

Full-Text Articles in Botany

New Species Of Phoradendron (Viscaceae) From Mexico And Guatemala And A Synopsis Of Species In Section Pauciflorae, Delbert Wiens, Frank Hawksworth Jan 2002

New Species Of Phoradendron (Viscaceae) From Mexico And Guatemala And A Synopsis Of Species In Section Pauciflorae, Delbert Wiens, Frank Hawksworth

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

As presently interpreted Phoradendron section Paucifiorae consists of 15 species. These mistletoes parasitize primarily conifers. We describe seven new species, make status changes for four species, and provide information on the hosts and distribution of all members of the section. New species described are: Phoradendron abietinurn Wiens, on Abies durangensi s in Chihuahua, Durango, and Jalisco, Mexico; P. acuminatum Wiens, on Cupressus lusitanica in Guatemala; P. flavomarginatum Wiens, on Juniperus fiaccida in Nuevo León, Mexico; P. lta wksworthii Wiens, on Juniperus in New Mexico, west Texas, and Coahuila, Mexico; P. olivae Wiens, on Cupressus lusitanica in Colima and Jalisco, Mexico; …


Contents 21(2) Jan 2002

Contents 21(2)

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

No abstract provided.


Checklist Of The Pteridophytes Of Aguascalientes, Mexico, María Elena Siqueiros-Delgado, Gabriel González-Adame Jan 2002

Checklist Of The Pteridophytes Of Aguascalientes, Mexico, María Elena Siqueiros-Delgado, Gabriel González-Adame

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

Ferns and fern allies from Agu ascalientes, Mexico were s tudied. Fifty-five localities distributed in all municipios of the state were surveyed. Seventy-seven taxa were found: seventy species of ferns, five species of Selaginell, one species of Equisetum, and one species of Isoëtes. Forty taxa are new records for Aguascalientes. Among the ferns, Cheilanthes and Polypodium are the most diverse and abundant genera, usually occurring in xerophytic associations or dry forests. Selaginella is also common in Aguascalientes, and inhabits rocky cliffs in dry environments. Equisetum and lsoëtes are restricted to marshy places.


Developmental Failure And Loss Of Reproductive Capacity As A Factor In Extinction: A Nine-Year Study Of Dedeckera Eurekensis (Polygonaceae), Delbert Wiens, Loreen Allphin, Donald H. Mansfield, Glenn Thackray Jan 2002

Developmental Failure And Loss Of Reproductive Capacity As A Factor In Extinction: A Nine-Year Study Of Dedeckera Eurekensis (Polygonaceae), Delbert Wiens, Loreen Allphin, Donald H. Mansfield, Glenn Thackray

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

Many long-lived perennial species exhibit lowered reproductive capacity. Early studies of reproductive success in Dedeckera eurekensis (Polygonaceae) demonstrated that the species exhibited extremely low reproductive success, low seed/ovule (S/O) ratios (i.e., the percentage of ovules that produce filled seeds; 2.5 %), low germinability of filled seeds (3.5%), low seedling survivorship (11 .1%), and lack of recruitment in natural populations. These results were attributed to genetic load, but this elicited controversy, prompting long-term studies of the relationship between the S/O ratio and environment. After nine years of monitoring, however, the S/O ratio had not changed significantly (2 .7%), and there was …


The Chromosome Number Of Schaffnerella Gracilis (Gramineae, Chloridoideae), J. Travis Columbus, Nancy F. Refulio-Rodriguez Jan 2002

The Chromosome Number Of Schaffnerella Gracilis (Gramineae, Chloridoideae), J. Travis Columbus, Nancy F. Refulio-Rodriguez

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

The first ever chromosome report for the monotypic genus Schaffnerella (Grarnineae, Chloridoideae) is 2n = 20 (10 II) from pollen parent cells at diakinesis, which indicates diploidy and a base number of 10. The close relative Lycurus likewise has x = 10, but is tetraploid (2n = 4x = 40).


Structure Of The Pericarp In Some Amaranthus L. (Amaranthaceae) Species And Its Taxonomic Significance, Mihai Costea, Giles Waines, Andrew Sanders Jan 2001

Structure Of The Pericarp In Some Amaranthus L. (Amaranthaceae) Species And Its Taxonomic Significance, Mihai Costea, Giles Waines, Andrew Sanders

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

In order to determine their taxonomic significance, 10 pericarp structure characters were scored for 21 Amaranthus L. taxa. In many, pericarp patterns permit recognition of the taxa as species. Differences between cultivated taxa and their wild relatives offer new arguments against their taxonomic union. The relationships between other closely related taxa are also analyzed (A. quitensis and A. hybridus: A. bouchonii and A. powellii; A. hybridus and A. powellii; A. blitum and A. emarginatus). Mechanisms of dehiscence and terminology for the fruit of Amaranthus are considered.


Contents 20(1) Jan 2001

Contents 20(1)

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

No abstract provided.


New Records For The Vascular Flora Of The Santa Ana Mountains, California, Steve Boyd Jan 2001

New Records For The Vascular Flora Of The Santa Ana Mountains, California, Steve Boyd

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

Documentation is provided for 23 taxa not included in other published floristic accounts of the Santa Ana Mountains. A representative voucher specimen and generalized distribution information are cited for each taxon.


Vascular Flora Of The Glass Mountain Region, Mono County, California, Michael A. Honer Jan 2001

Vascular Flora Of The Glass Mountain Region, Mono County, California, Michael A. Honer

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

The purpose of this study is to document the vascular flora of the Glass Mountain region of Mono County, California. Little focused botanical attention has been given to this remote volcanic mountain range between the Sierra Nevada and White Mountains of eastern California. The majority of collecting in the area was done from the 1960s through 1998 by Dean W. Taylor, Mary DeDecker, and Jack Reveal, providing good documentation of a few scattered localities of the range. This study circumscribes a large area around the Glass Mountain range, and attempts to catalog the diversity of vascular plants with vouchered collections …


Seed Dispersal In Yucca Brevifolia (Agavaceae)-Present And Past, With Consideration Of The Future Of The Species, Lee W. Lenz Jan 2001

Seed Dispersal In Yucca Brevifolia (Agavaceae)-Present And Past, With Consideration Of The Future Of The Species, Lee W. Lenz

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

Earlier descriptions of the fruit of Yucca brevifolia are reviewed. It is here shown that the fruit is a fleshy, sugar-rich berry that later becomes a hard, dry, spongy body. At no time are seeds released from the fruits without the exertion of an outside force. Various animals that might release seeds from the dry fruits are considered, as is wind that may disperse entire fruits. The question is introduced as to why Y. brevifolia Engelm. would expend large amounts of energy and resources to create a product for which there is no market. The appeal that the fruits may …


Editorial Jan 2001

Editorial

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

No abstract provided.


Fraxinus Parryi, Nom. Nov., Of Nw Baja California, Mexico, Reid Moran Jan 2001

Fraxinus Parryi, Nom. Nov., Of Nw Baja California, Mexico, Reid Moran

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

The common ash of NW Baja California is usually called Fraxinus trifoliata, as in Wiggins' (1980) flora of Baja California. That name is a misspelling of F. trifoliolat, which is a later homonym of F. rriJoliolara W. W. Smith (1916). The Baja Californian ash is therefore renamed Fraxinus parryi. It has also been misidentified as F. jonesii. The common name is "crucecilla". This ash barely extends into San Diego County, California.


Systematics And Relationships Of Fallugia (Rosoideae—Rosaceae), James Henrickson Jan 2001

Systematics And Relationships Of Fallugia (Rosoideae—Rosaceae), James Henrickson

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

The paper presents a systematic monograph of Fallugia (Rosoideae, Rosaceae) consisting of one variable species, Fallugia paradoxa. Morphological, cytological and molecular data clearly support its relationship with Geums.l. rather than Purshia-Cowani, with which it is often allied. The species was named twice independently in 1825 from the specimens and drawings, respectively, assembled by Sessé and Mociño for their proposed Flora Mexicana. The paper discusses the nomenclatural history, morphological variation, and the polygarno-dioecious mode of reproduction of the species. No infraspecific taxa are recognized.


Experimental Hybridization Of Northern Chihuahuan Desert Region Opuntia (Cactaceae), M. Patrick Griffith Jan 2001

Experimental Hybridization Of Northern Chihuahuan Desert Region Opuntia (Cactaceae), M. Patrick Griffith

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

Possible natural hybridization among 11 taxa of Opuntia sensu stricto was investigated in the northern Chihuahuan Desert region through the use of experimental hybridization. Established plants representing specific taxa growing in the Sul Ross State University Opuntia garden were used for all experiments. Reciprocal crosses were made between putative parental taxa of field-observed putative hybrids, and each experimental cross analyzed for fruit and seed set. For each taxon, tests were performed to control for possible apomictic, autogamous, and geitonogamous seed set. Several experimental crosses were found to set seed in amounts expected for natural pollination events. Data gathered from the …


Schaffnerella Rediscovered! (Gramineae, Chloridoideae), J. Travis Columbus, Hester L. Bell, Rosa Cerros-Tlatilpa, M. Patrick Griffith, J. Mark Porter Jan 2001

Schaffnerella Rediscovered! (Gramineae, Chloridoideae), J. Travis Columbus, Hester L. Bell, Rosa Cerros-Tlatilpa, M. Patrick Griffith, J. Mark Porter

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

From 1876 to 1880 in San Luis Potosí, Mexico, J. G. Schaffner made the first collections of a small grass that later was named Schaffnerella gracilis (Chloridoideae). The monotypic genus apparently was not encountered again by botanists until 2001, when, during a targeted search, we discovered it in the Sierra de San Miguelito growing along the Río Potosino, ca. 6 air km southwest of the city of San Luis Potosí. Most of the 100-150 plants encountered along a 3-km stretch of the Río Potosino above the village of Escalerillas and reservoir EI Potosino were growing in a moist alluvium of …


Contents 20(2) Jan 2001

Contents 20(2)

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

No abstract provided.


Recognition Of Bromus Richardsonii And B. Ciliatus: Evidence From Morphology, Cytology, And Dna Fingerprinting (Poaceae: Bromeae), Paul M. Peterson, Jacques Cayouette, Yasas S. N. Ferdinandez, Bruce Coulman, Ralph E. Chapman Jan 2001

Recognition Of Bromus Richardsonii And B. Ciliatus: Evidence From Morphology, Cytology, And Dna Fingerprinting (Poaceae: Bromeae), Paul M. Peterson, Jacques Cayouette, Yasas S. N. Ferdinandez, Bruce Coulman, Ralph E. Chapman

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

Since our goal was to determine characteristic differences between Bromus richardsonii and B. ciliates, a discriminate analysis (DA), principal components analysis (PCA), multidimensional scaling (MDS), bivariate analysis, and an amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLP) analysis were undertaken on 93 herbarium specimens and 31 field-collected populations. A cytological survey of B. ciliates, B. richardsonii, and B. mucroglumis confirm previous reports that the first species is diploid (2n = 14) and the latter two are tetraploid (2n = 28). All taxa were correctly classified in the DA and important characters for each of the species were identified. Bromus …


Sem Studies On Vessels In Ferns. 18. Montane Cheilanthoid Ferns (Pteridaceae) Of North America, Sherwin Carlquist, Edward L. Schneider Jan 2000

Sem Studies On Vessels In Ferns. 18. Montane Cheilanthoid Ferns (Pteridaceae) Of North America, Sherwin Carlquist, Edward L. Schneider

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

Xylem of roots and rhizomes of five species of four genera of tribe Cheilantheae (Pteridaceae; recently recognized by some as a segregate family, Cheilanthaceae) has been studied by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM). All of these species occur in habitats (cliffs, talus) of mountains of North America that are seasonally dry in summer and cold in winter. The vessels prove diverse, indicating that different perforation plate modifications are represented in the cheilanthoid ferns of these habitats, rather than different degrees of the same kind of modification. The modifications include wide perforations alternating with narrow perforations (especially prominent in Bommeria); …


Phylogenetic Relationships In Phoradendreae (Viscaceae) Inferred From Three Regions Of The Nuclear Ribosomal Cistron. Ii. The North American Species Of Phoradendron, Vanessa E. T. M. Ashworth Jan 2000

Phylogenetic Relationships In Phoradendreae (Viscaceae) Inferred From Three Regions Of The Nuclear Ribosomal Cistron. Ii. The North American Species Of Phoradendron, Vanessa E. T. M. Ashworth

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

A parsimony analysis based on sequences from the ITS region and two partitions of the 26S subunit of nuclear ribosomal DNA was used to infer phylogenetic relationships among the North American species of Phoradendron. A strongly supported clade united all but one of the species typically lacking cataphylls, a character used previously to distinguish the northern species from those of Central and South America. The divergent placement of P. californicum relative to the members of this "northern" clade confirmed the hypothesis that species lacking cataphylls are polyphyletic. Four of five species parasitic on conifers formed a well-supported clade. However, a …


A Phylogenetic Classification Of Polemoniaceae, J. Mark Porter, Leigh A. Johnson Jan 2000

A Phylogenetic Classification Of Polemoniaceae, J. Mark Porter, Leigh A. Johnson

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

Three hundred seventy nine species of Polemoniaceae are arranged in a phylogenetic classification composed of three subfamilies, eight tribes, and 26 genera. Nomenclature of one tribe is clarified and the circumscription of several tribes differs greatly from previous classifications. Five new genera, Bryantiella, Dayia, Lathrocasis, Microgilia, and Saltugilia, are proposed. In addition, four new species are described from the genera Allophyllum, Dayia, Giliastrum, and lpomopsis. This treatment represents a major reclassification with 59 new combinations, and the application of several additional combinations not used in recent years.


Contents 19(2) Jan 2000

Contents 19(2)

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

No abstract provided.


Reviewers Of Manuscripts, Volumes 18 And 19 Jan 2000

Reviewers Of Manuscripts, Volumes 18 And 19

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

No abstract provided.


Yuccas (Agavaceae) Of The International Four Corners: Southwestern Usa And Northwestern Mexico, Lee W. Lenz, Michael A. Hanson Jan 2000

Yuccas (Agavaceae) Of The International Four Corners: Southwestern Usa And Northwestern Mexico, Lee W. Lenz, Michael A. Hanson

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

Yuccas (Yucca, Agavaceae) are an easily recognizable constituent of the vegetation of the International Four Corners; an area made up of portions of Arizona, New Mexico, Sonora and Chihuahua. We recognize three species as native to the region, Yucca baccata, Y. elata and Y. madrensis, together with interspecific hybrids, and document for the first time naturally occurring intersectional hybridization between baccate-fruited (sect. Yucca) and capsular-fruited (sect. Chaenocarpa) species. We examine the reproductive barriers to hybridization operating within the genus, i.e., spatial, temporal and ethological, and we consider circumstances that may have been responsible for the production and …


New Euphorbiaceae From Mexico, Victor W. Steinmann Jan 2000

New Euphorbiaceae From Mexico, Victor W. Steinmann

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

This article contained descriptions of five new taxa of Mexican Euphorbiaceae. Euphorbia (subg. Agaloma) nayarensis is endemic to pine-oak woodland in the mountains of central Nayarit. It appears related to E. soobyi but differs by possessing linear to linear-ovate leaves. Croton varelae is also endemic to central Nayarit. A key was provided to distinguish this species, a member of sect. Geiseleria, from the seven other Mexican species of this section. Croton ramillatus var. magniglandulifer occurs in the states of Guerrero and Morelos. This new variety differs from var. ramillatus by the possession of larger petiolar glands. Croton michaelii …


Contents 19(1) Jan 2000

Contents 19(1)

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

No abstract provided.


Wood And Stem Anatomy Of Phytolaccoid And Rivinoid Phytolaccaceae (Caryophyllales): Ecology, Systematics, Nature Of Successive Cambia, Sherwin Carlquist Jan 2000

Wood And Stem Anatomy Of Phytolaccoid And Rivinoid Phytolaccaceae (Caryophyllales): Ecology, Systematics, Nature Of Successive Cambia, Sherwin Carlquist

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

Quantitative and qualitative wood features are presented and analyzed for seven species of subfamily Rivinoideae and four of subfamily Phytolaccoideae. All species have nonbordered perforations plates, as elsewhere in suborder Phylocaccineae. Libriform fibers characterize both subfamilies, but vasicentric tracheids occur in two rivinoid species. Axial parenchyma is vasicentric scanty (apotracheal bands and patches in one species). Rays are mostly multiseriate, with procumbent cells infrequent in most species. Rivinoids and phytolaccoids differ from each other in ray height and width and in crystal types. The xeromorphic wood of Petiveria and Rivina is related to their short duration (woody herbs) in disturbed …


Typification And Change In Status Of Yucca Schottii (Agavaceae), Lee W. Lenz, Michael A. Hanson Jan 2000

Typification And Change In Status Of Yucca Schottii (Agavaceae), Lee W. Lenz, Michael A. Hanson

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

George Engelmann's concept of Y. schottii as a plant with short, stiff, yellow-green leaves has not been accepted by recent authors who apply the name to plants of southern Arizona with broad, flexible blue-green leaves. Interspecific hybrids among three yuccas present in the area, Y. baccata, Y. elata, and the wide, blue-green leafed plant are common. We believe that Arthur Schott’s collections made in 1853 upon which Engelmann based his description are of hybrid origin. We accept Engelmann's designation as the earliest applicable binomial but accord it a change in status as Y. Xschottii Engelmann pro. …


Wood Anatomy Of Fouquieriaceae In Relation To Habit, Ecology, And Systematics; Nature Of Meristems In Wood And Bark, Sherwin Carlquist Jan 2000

Wood Anatomy Of Fouquieriaceae In Relation To Habit, Ecology, And Systematics; Nature Of Meristems In Wood And Bark, Sherwin Carlquist

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

Qualitative and quantitative data are presented for wood of all species of Fouquieriaceae, the samples selected so as to cover important variables with respect to organography and age. Wood contains fibertracheids (plus a few vasicentric tracheids). Diffuse axial parenchyma is mostly grouped as diffuse-in-aggregates or diffuse clusters (new term), with transitions to pervasive axial parenchyma in some species. Rays are Heterogeneous Type II. These wood features are relatively unspecialized and are consistent with placement of the family in Ericales s.1. as defined in recent DNA-based cladograms. Xeromorphic wood in nonsucculent species occurs only in Fouquieria shrevei; the lateral branches …


Autophagomyces, Bordea, And A New Genus, Rossiomyces, (Laboulbeniales), Richard K. Benjamin Jan 2000

Autophagomyces, Bordea, And A New Genus, Rossiomyces, (Laboulbeniales), Richard K. Benjamin

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

A revision of Autophagomyces (Laboulbeniales) was made based on a comparative morphological study of new collections and 16 species included in the genus by Thaxter in the final volume of his monograph published in 1931 and by others more recently. The concept of Autophagomyces (species on Anthicidae, Phalacridae, and Scapidiidae [Coleoptera]) was narrowed and comprises 12 species, four of them new, i.e., A. hammondii, A. mexicanus, A. protuberans, and A. ramosus. The genus Bordea (species on Pselaphinae, Staphylinidae [Coleopteraj), which had been included in Autophagomyces by Thaxter, was reinstated and comprises 14 species, seven new, i.e., …


Index To Volumes 18 And 19 Jan 2000

Index To Volumes 18 And 19

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

No abstract provided.