Botany Commons^™

Inflorescence Architecture And Evolution In The Fagaceae, Robert B. Kaul, Ernst C. Abbe

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

First paragraph:

Inflorescence architecture is receiving increasing attention with respect to its role in the life of plants, but much remains to be learned of its effects on pollination and dispersal biology (see Wyatt, 1982). Little is known of the biology of fagaceous inflorescences or of their relationships with the growth or the reproductive patterns of the trees. Most studies (Abbe, 1974; Macdonald, 1979; Fey & Endress, 1983) have concentrated on the nature of the flower clusters (often called dichasia or partial inflorescences) and cupules. Hjelmqvist (1948) and Soepadmo (1972) briefly reviewed the variety of inflorescences in the Fagaceae. Čelakovský …

The Effect Of Hurricane Allen On The Near-Shore Vegetation Of South Padre Island, Frank W. Judd, Sammie L. Sides

School of Integrative Biological & Chemical Sciences (Formerly Dept. of Biology)

The effect of Hurricane Allen (Aug. 10, 1980) on the near-shore vegetation of South Padre Island was assessed by comparing data obtained in line transects before and after the hurricane. Eight species of plants were present in the Backshore Zone prior to the hurricane; after the hurricane, only three species were present and percent cover was only 11% of that before the hurricane. The foredunes of this zone were completely leveled and a belt of Sesuvium portulacastrum was obliterated. Conversely, plants of the taller Primary Dune Zone were not greatly disturbed by the hurricane. Numbers of species and percent cover …

Plant Responses To Clinostating And Mechanical Stress: Growth And Flowering Responses, Chauncy Steed Harris

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Plants rotated about a horizontal axis show certain growth responses. This research was designed to clarify which of the responses of clinostating are caused by gravity compensation and which are caused by mechanical stresses. Plants used were Xanthium strumarium L. (cocklebur) Chicago strain and Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. (tomato) cv. Rutgers. Six automated treatments that ran for five days were used to separate out the effects. Treatments were: 1) controls, 2) horizontal clinostat, 3) intermittent clinostat, 4) inversion (every 10 min), 5) invert and return, and 6) vertical rotation. Plant height and diameter changes were measured at ink dots with a …

Occurrence Of Psilocybin/Psilocin In Pluteus Salicinus (Pluteaceae), Stephen G. Saupe

Biology Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Terrestrial Flora Of South Padre Island, Texas, Robert I. Lonard, Frank W. Judd

School of Integrative Biological & Chemical Sciences (Formerly Dept. of Biology)

The primary aim of this work is to enable the user to identify the flowering plants of South Padre Island; however, it should be useful for identification of plants on other Texas barrier islands and on the Mexican barrier islands. We hope that the keys will aid teachers, students, coastal zone managers, and individuals conducting environmental impact assessments.

Interpopulational & Species Comparisons Of The Genus Liquidambar, Diana Duckworth

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Growth patterns under controlled conditions and chemotaxonomic techniques involving protein and flavonoid analysis were used to investigate both interpopulational and species comparisons in the genus Liquidambar. Striking differences in budburstinq patterns after a dormant period were seen when comparing L. styraciflua and L. formosana. The latter species showed earlier initiation of growth. Dormancy patterns of L. styraciflua grown under growth chamber conditions showed a latitudinal cline. Cessation of growth occurred later in a Georgia population under both long and short day experimental periods than populations from Missouri and Kentucky. When grown under controlled conditions, flavonoid patterns from L. …

A Floristic Survey Of The Vascular Plants Of Barren County, Kentucky, George Pryor Johnson

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

A floristic survey was made of the vascular plants of Barren County, Kentucky. A total of 1190 specimens were collected which represent 603 species, 351 genera and 103 families.

The Asteraceae had the largest number of species of any family, a total of 85. The next largest families were Poaceae and Fabaceae, with 54 and 35 species, respectively. The genus Carex was represented by 24 species, the largest number for any genus.

A description and discussion of the vascular flora of specific sites as well as the county in general is given. An annotated list of species is also presented.

Botanical And Ecological Aspects Of Coastal Raised Peatlands In Maine : And Their Relevance To The Critical Areas Program Of The State Planning Office, Ian A. Worley

Maine Collection

Botanical and Ecological Aspects of Coastal Raised Peatlands in Maine : and Their Relevance to the Critical Areas Program of the State Planning Office.

by Ian A. Worley

A Report Prepared for the Maine Critical Areas Program, State Planning Office, 184 State Street, Augusta, Maine 04333.

Planning Report No. 69 (January 1980)

Contents: Foreword / Abstract / Table of Contents / List of Figures / List of Tables / Acknowledgements / Introduction / Natural History and Ecology of the Coastal Raised Peatlands / Selection of Coastal Peatlands Recommended for Evaluation by the Critical Areas Program / General Evaluation of Coastal …

Inflorescence Architecture And Flower Sex Ratios In Sagittaria Brevirostra (Alismataceae), Robert B. Kaul

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

Two populations of Sagittaria brevirostra from the same lake were sampled 10 years apart and yielded similar data on inflorescence structure and on numbers and ratios of male and female flowers. Larger inflorescences have relatively more male than female flowers than do smaller inflorescences. Pollination success is unrelated to inflorescence size or sex ratio within an inflorescence.

Ecotypic Differentiation Of Andropogon Virginicus L. In Relation To Strip Mine Spoil Banks, Valina Kay Hurt

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Reciprocal plantings of populations of broomsedge, taken from an abandoned strip mine and from an abandoned farm plot in south central Kentucky, on strip mine spoil and abandoned field soil resulted in patterns of populations differentiation. Clonal plantings of populations from strip mine habitats and old field development appeared equal in height and biomass when grown on old field soils in both field trials and growth chamber studies. Populations when planted in strip mine soils in field trials and controlled growth experiments. Later flowering in strip mine populations may be a key to survival strategy in the harsh microclimates of …

A Taxonomic & Physiographic Survey Of Scirpus In Kentucky With Problem Species Complex Analysis, Sally Arnold

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The genus Scirpus was analyzed according to species occurrence and physiographic distribution in the State of Kentucky. The morphology of three taxonomic problem complexes, Scirpus atrovirens-georgianus, Scirpus validus-acutus, and Scirpus cyperinus-eriophorum-pelius-pedicellatus was evaluated to determine whether or not their components are distinct among the Kentucky specimens. Remaining taxa were likewise evaluated and identified. A key to Scirpus in Kentucky and a taxonomic treatment are presented.

Bulletin No. 23: Plants And Animals Of The Estuary, William A. Niering, Paul E. Fell, Sally L. Taylor, Martine Villalard-Bohnsack, Nancy C. Olmstead

Bulletins

Descriptions and illustrations of over 70 estuarine species.

Ecotypic Differentiation In Ohio & Mississippi Populations Of Acer Negundo L., Anthony Greco

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Laboratory investigations of Acer negundo populations from two widely separated habitats revealed distinct patterns of ecotypic differentiation in budbursting, leaf fall, and chlorophyll levels. Second year seedlings of Mississippi seed origin had complete leaf emergence before any evidence of budbursting in the Ohio progeny of similar age. Leaf fall patterns showed a clear difference between the two populations with Ohio plants dropping their leaves 2.5 weeks prior to complete defoliation in the Mississippi progeny. Significant differences in chlorophyll levels were demonstrated with the more northern (higher latitude) Ohio population showing consistently greater amounts of chlorophyll per gram dry weight than …

The Columnar Junipers Of Western North Dakota (An Investigation Into The Cause Of Their Columnarity), James M. Murphy

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The objective of this report is to focus on the evaluation of the presence and amount of ethylene in the burning lignite fumes and to search for morphogenetic factors in the lignite at the Slope County site. The former was considered to be more important and was investigated more thoroughly.

The Biology Of Coprinus Radians, Ozonium, Oidium, And Their Interrelationships, Thomas J. Fahey

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The pleomorphism of Coprinus radians was studied. The three distinct growth forms--sporophore, oidial stage, and ozonium stage--were examined in relation to ultrastructure, morphology and development. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy are correlated with photomicrographs of developmental stages. Development of the oidia and of the sporophore are of particular interest. The multinucleate oidia develop quite differently from oidia as generally described for Basidiomycete imperfect stages. Development of the oidia of this Coprinus is holoblastic and sympodial. The mushroom primordia are differentiated internally into gill, cap, and stipe hyphae while only l-2mm in diameter. At this stage they look superficially like sclerotial …

The Effect Of Carbon Dioxide Concentration On Calcification In The Red Coralline Alga Bossiella Orbigniana, A. Dwight Smith

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The relationship between various experimental concentrations of CO2 and calcification was studied by measuring Ca-45 incorporation into the crystalline matrix. Air containing CO2 at partial pressures (Pc02) of 0.04% to 5.5% was bubbled through synthetic sea water in incubation vessels. The resultant pH values ranged from 8.7 to 6.5. The relative concentrations ofCO2, HCO3 , and CO2— 3 were calculated from the measured ' pH—PCO2 combinations. Calcification was correlated positively with HCO expressed as percent of total carbon. Maximum calcification of about one—third above normal occurred between 0.1% and 1.0% P CCOO22 At 0.26% P calcification increased as increments of …

The Distribution Of Orcuttia Californica (Poaceae) In The Vernal Pools Of The Santa Rosa Plateau, Riverside County, California, Cluney M. Stagg

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Ecological studies were conducted on the rare annual grass Orcuttia californica (Vasey), an endemic to California, from April to September, 1976 in 11 vernal pools located on the Santa Rosa Plateau in Riverside County. To help determine why Orcutt grass occurs in only 6 of the 11 pools and more specifically why it only occurs in patches within a given pool, biweekly measurements of frequency, density and phenology were taken within each of a total of 28 circular plots (r = 10 meters) in 5 pools. This data was related to concurrent biweekly measurements of soil moisture, soil texture and …

Forest Composition Of Rock Creek Gorge A Virgin Forest In Laurel County, Kentucky, Margaret Ringland

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Rock Creek Gorge in Rock Creek Natural Landmark in Laurel County, Kentucky is a deep narrow gorge dominated by Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr., Oxydendrum arboreum (L.) DC., Betula lenta L. and Liriodendron tulipifera L. Rhododendron maximum L., dominating the understory, is also an important constituent of the gorge. An analysis of the forest composition showed the community to be stable and climax. The dominant species were found in sapling and seedling size classes. The vegetation varied slightly between the east facing and west facing slopes. Hemlock did not attain as high an importance value on the west facing slope, although …

Anatomical Observations On Floating Leaves, Robert B. Kaul

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

An examination of 24 genera of aquatic plants having floating leaves and leaf-like thalli has been made. Functional stomata occur on the adaxial sides of floating leaves of angiosperms and some ferns, and in some floating leaves there are stomata on the abaxial surface as well. Most floating leaves have prominently chambered mesophyll, and in some instances the chambers are locally enlarged and form buoys.

Biological Inventory Of The Southern Nevada Water Project, Second Stage, W. Glen Bradley, J. Scott Miller

Publications (WR)

The present report is a biological inventory of the Southern Nevada Water Project, Second Stage. The boundaries of the project encompass sections of North Las Vegas, Las Vegas, East Las Vegas and areas along Las Vegas Wash extending to its drainage point in Las Vegas Bay in Lake Mead. Therefore, it encompasses a wide array of ecological situations and landscapes ranging from essentially natural to various stages of urban development.

This biological inventory presents basic ecological classifications, descriptions of vegetation, lists of vascular plants and vertebrates known to occur in the area. Each major group, i.e., plants, fish, amphibians, reptiles, …

Structure & Composition Of A Climax Forest System In Boone County, Kentucky, Michael Held

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The structure and composition of a 52 hectare mature mesic hardwood forest in Boone County, Kentucky was studied during 1973-74. Acer saccharum was the dominant tree species of the entire forest, with Fraxinus americana as the subdominant. In the understory vegetation, Acer and Fraxinus were among the dominant genera, thus this forest system can be described as being at the climax stage of development. A previously cleared area in the forest was also analyzed. It was found that the dominant tree species of the canopy were also dominant in the genera of the understory in the disturbed area, indicating a …

Meiotic And Mitotic Chromosomes Of Fritillaria Atropurpurea Nutt., John Keith Archibald

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this paper is to provide information concerning the number, structure, and behavior of chromosomes in the plant species Fritillaria atropurpurea. The material used for this investigation included both floral buds and root-tips from actively growing naturally occurring plants collected from populations in both Utah and Nevada, and root-tips from seed germinated in the greenhouse. The results obtained include a karyotype analysis of mitotic chromosomes, a discussion of meiosis, a discussion of B-chromosomes, and a series of photographs depicting the stages of mitosis and meiosis in this species.

Fritillaria atropurpurea has a diploid chromosome number of 24, …

The Effectiveness Of The Nitrate Ion Selective Electrode As A Qualitative Method For Low Levels Of Nitrate, Linda Blaine

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The nitrate ion specific electrode has been used to measure nitrate concentration in plant tissue. Nitrate concentration, as nitrate ion activity, can be read rather simply in an aqueous extract of the plant tissue in somewhat the sane manner as a pH measurement would be taken, In contract to more time consuming chemical methods.

A previous study of nitrate concentrations in barley treated with the growth retardant chemical, B-Nine (succinic acid 2, 2 dimethylhydrazide), had been carried out by the colorimetric method of Wooley, Hicks and Hageman. The study indicated lower nitrate concentrations in treated plants, as compared with untreated …

Cytogenetic Effects Of Vitavax Fungicide On Secale Cereale On Allium Cepa, Jack Ernest Staub

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The effects of Vitavax fungicide (2,3-dihydro-5-carboxanilido-6-methyl-1,4-oxathiin) on meiotic chromosomes of rye (Secale cereale) and mitotic chromosomes of onion (Allium cepa) and rye were observed.

The principal aberrations recorded in pollen mother cells of rye were: 1-4 univalents at metaphase I; sticky bridges at telophase I; and micronuclei and misshapen nuclei at the quartet stage.

The principal aberrations recorded in root tip mitoses in onion and rye were: chromosome fragmentation, disintegration, clumping, aggregation and inhibition of mitosis.

All meiotic phases were significantly affected by 1,000, 5,000,10,000, 33,300, 66,600 ppm Vitavax at the 48, 72, and 96 hour …

Temperature Effect On Leaf Water Potential Measurements, Rex J. Prosser

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Silver foil psychrometers were used to monitor water potential in different portions of maize leaves which were subjected to temperature gradients. The psychrometers were preliminarily calibrated over standard NaCI solutions at temperatures ranging from 5°C to 45°C in an aluminum plate apparatus designed to provide uniform temperatures within each psychrometer even while overall temperature was changing. Based on the calibrations, empirical temperature correction equations were derived and used to correct psychrometer readings at different temperatures to equivalent values at 25°C. Temperatures on a single maize leaf were varied by placing the long leaf through an insulated box with several compartments …

Inorganic Mercury Uptake And Mercury Tolerance Demonstrated By Several Species Of Algae, Daniel S. Filip

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The inhibition by low concentrations of inorganic mercury has been established for several species of freshwater algae, and a method has been developed to determine mercury levels in algal cells, having good precision at levels as low as one hundred parts per billion.

Rapid sorption of inorganic mercury by glassware was minimized by using heavy algal cultures and short term incubations. The rates and extent of mercury uptake by three species of freshwater green algae were delineated under laboratory conditions. Replicate mercury containing cultures yielded slightly different mercury concentrations upon analysis due to analytical errors and glass sorption. Therefore, percent …

The Riparian Vegetation Of Swauk Creek, Edward L. Schneider

All Master's Theses

An investigation was made to document the structure and composition of the flora along Swauk Creek, a riparian transect into Central Washington's Cascade Range. Distributions of the major species are discussed and a key has been constructed to facilitate identification of the riparian associations.

Effects Of Dmso And Propham On Mitosis In Root Tips Of Secale Cereale, Max Rosequist

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide) and propham (isopropyl carbanilate) were investigated to determine their effect singly and in combination on mitoses in rye (Secale cereale) root tip cells. Root tips were prepared for observation by the paraffin and aceto-carmine squash methods. Results showed DMSO caused the following abnormalities: arrested metaphases, multipolar spindles, multinucleate cells, stickiness, shortened chromosomes, and mitotic inhibition. Cells from propham treated root tips exhibited the same abnormalities as those treated with DMSO. In addition, propham treatments resulted in polyploid cells and chromosome granulation. In combination, DMSO and propham caused all the abnormalities mentioned above except polyploidy. In …

Review Of Die Infloreszenzen: Typologie Und Stellung Im Aufbau Des Vegetationskorpers. Zweiter Band. 1 Teil, By Wilhelm Troll. Gustav Fischer, Jena, 1969, Robert B. Kaul

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

Review of Die Infloreszenzen: Typologie und Stellung im Aufbau des Vegetationskorpers. Zweiter Band. 1 Teil, by Wilhelm Troll. Gustav Fischer, Jena, 1969.

Morphology And Development Of The Flowers Of Boottia Cordata, Ottelia Alismoides, And Their Synthetic Hybrid (Hydrocharitaceae), Robert B. Kaul

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

The inferior ovary of Boottia cordata, Ottelia alismoides, and their hybrid is appendicular in nature, the carpels are congenitally only slightly connate, and they are unsealed. All floral organs except the sepals originate from common primordia in the female and bisexual flowers. A flat residual floral apex is present. There is a vestigial superior ovary of three ontogeneticallv fused carpels in the male flower of Boottia cordata. The hybrid is intermediate in many characteristics and has partially fertile stamens and staminodia. The sequence of development in all flowers is acropetal. These plants appear to be related to …