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Articles 211 - 240 of 308
Full-Text Articles in Physiology
Sphingolipid-Induced Activation Of The Volume-Sensitive Cl− Current Is Mediated By Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species, Frank Raucci
Sphingolipid-Induced Activation Of The Volume-Sensitive Cl− Current Is Mediated By Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species, Frank Raucci
Theses and Dissertations
Swelling-activated Cl− current (ICl,swell) is an outwardly-rectifying current that plays an important role in cardiac electrical activity, cellular volume regulation, apoptosis, and acts as a potential effector of mechanoelectrical feedback. Persistent activation of ICl,swell has been observed in a number of models of cardiovascular disease. Previously we showed that angiotensin II (Ang II), endothelin-1 (ET-1), endothelial growth factor receptor (EGFR), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by NADPH oxidase (NOX) and mitochondria are involved in the activation of ICl,swell by both osmotic swelling and Beta1 integrin stretch. Sphingolipid metabolism is modulated in several cardiopathologies and because sphingolipids are bioactive lipids …
The Role Of Porphyromonas Gingivalis Lysine Specific Protease, Kgp In Hemin Transport And Pigment Accumulation, Anuj Phull
Theses and Dissertations
Porphyromonas gingivalis, a gram-negative anaerobic bacterium, is implicated as a major etiological agent in the initiation and progression of severe forms of periodontal disease. It has been reported that gingivitis and periodontal disease affect roughly 50.3% and 35% of the adult population, respectively. Therefore, approximately over 85% of the adult population may suffer from some form of gingival disease. Porphyromonas gingivalis, an established periodontopathogen, requires hemin for growth. Although multiple hemin uptake systems appear to be present in this organism, their specific role in hemin uptake and virulence remains unknown. Pigmentation is thought to result from the accumulation of iron …
Ion Channel Modulation By Photocaged Dioctanoyl Pip2, Junghoon Ha
Ion Channel Modulation By Photocaged Dioctanoyl Pip2, Junghoon Ha
Theses and Dissertations
Phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate (PIP2) directly regulates electrophysiological activity in a diverse family of ion channels whether the effect is stimulatory or inhibitory. Much has been unveiled about the apparent affinity and modulatory function of PIP2 using a chemically modified dioctanoyl PIP2 (diC8), a membrane delimited cytosolic co-factor in inside-out macropatch experiments. Yet, the scarcity of molecular tools that permit fine external control in whole-cell systems has precluded future studies from probing the physiological role of PIP2 in cells in the presence of a fully intact cytoplasm. Here we introduce light as an external control for PIP2 through photocaging of diC8, and …
Molecular And Cellular Mechanisms Whereby The Apical Ectodermal Ridge (Aer), Via Wnt5a, Mediates Directional Migration Of The Adjacent Mesenchyme During Vertebrate Limb Development, Kate E. Kmetzsch
Theses and Dissertations
The vertebrate embryonic limb is a key model in elucidating the genetic basis underlying the three dimensional morphogenesis of structures. Despite the wealth of insights that have been generated from this model, many long-standing questions remain. For example, it has been known for over 70 years that the apical ectodermal ridge (AER) of the embryonic limb is essential for distal outgrowth and patterning of the adjacent limb mesenchyme. The mechanisms whereby the AER does accomplish outgrowth and patterning are still poorly understood. We propose that secreted FGFs from the AER activate Wnt5a expression in gradient fashion, which in turn provides …
Zyxin Regulates Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition By Mediating Actin-Membrane Linkages At Cell-Cell Junctions, Liv Rebecca Sperry
Zyxin Regulates Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition By Mediating Actin-Membrane Linkages At Cell-Cell Junctions, Liv Rebecca Sperry
Theses and Dissertations
Development is punctuated by morphogenetic rearrangements of epithelial tissues, including complete detachment of individual motile cells during epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Dramatic actin rearrangements occur as cell-cell junctions are dismantled and cells become independently motile during EMT. Characterizing dynamic actin rearrangements and identifying actin machinery driving these rearrangements is essential for understanding basic mechanisms of cell-cell junction remodeling; yet, neither the precise series of actin rearrangements at cell-cell junctions that accompany EMT, nor the machinery that controls actin rearrangement during EMT, have been identified. This work represents a detailed study of junctional actin reorganization in cells undergoing EMT, identifies actin regulatory …
Marrying Immunotherapy And Chemotherapy: A Cancer Therapy Based On T Lymphocyte Expansion Augmented By Alternate Gamma Chain Cytokines And Gemcitabine-Mediated Inhibition Of Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cells, Esther Cha
Theses and Dissertations
Successful adoptive immunotherapy (AIT) for cancer relies on the infusion of in vitro expanded, tumor-reactive lymphocytes with a goal of generating productive tumor immunity. Previously, our lab has developed a protocol to activate selectively tumor-reactive T lymphocytes in vitro using two pharmacologic agents, bryostatin-1 and ionomycin. Following the pharmacological stimulation, conventionally, IL-2 is added to stimulate in vitro proliferation. In this report, alternate cytokines from the common cytokine receptor γ-chain family, namely IL-7 and IL-15, were explored as the alternative cytokine supplements. We found that tumor DLN cells activated in vitro with B/I and cultured in IL-7/15 alternate common γ-chain …
Schizophrenia Candidate Genes Study, Grace Lee
Schizophrenia Candidate Genes Study, Grace Lee
Theses and Dissertations
Schizophrenia is a debilitating disorder caused by the interaction of genetic and environmental factors. In this study, we identified candidate genes and single nucleotide polymorphisms from two genome-wide association studies, GAIN and CATIE. Nine SNPs representing four candidate genes were selected for replication studies with our Irish samples: Irish Case-Control Study of Schizophrenia (ICCSS), the Irish Study of High-Density Schizophrenia Families (ISHDSF), and the Irish Trio Study of Schizophrenia (ITRIO). In the ITRIO sample, rs4704591 (CMYA5 gene) showed nominal significance (p = 0.0447947). Combining ICCSS, ISHDSF, and ITRIO samples for rs4704591 increased sample size and power and yielded a p-value …
Evaluation Of Association Of Microrna-122 With Histological Severity Of Recurrent Hcv Infection In Liver Transplant Recipients, Jihee Suh
Theses and Dissertations
Hepatitis C virus recurrence (which is defined by detection of HCV RNA in serum) in post-transplanted liver is universal but the progression of infection remains unpredictable, varying from case to case. It has been estimated that 75%-80% of the HCV recurrence patients will suffer chronic hepatitis C infection and up to a third of them will progress into the development of fibrosis and cirrhosis within 5 years post-transplantation. Therefore, finding ways to predict early on the progression of fibrosis can contribute to better prognoses. Recent literatures have mentioned that the hepatitis C virus relies on the host microRNA-122 (miR-122) for …
Role Of Endothelin-1 In The Regulation Of The Swelling-Activated Cl- Current In Atrial Myocytes, Wu Deng
Role Of Endothelin-1 In The Regulation Of The Swelling-Activated Cl- Current In Atrial Myocytes, Wu Deng
Theses and Dissertations
Swelling-activated Cl- current (ICl,swell) is an outwardly rectifying Cl- current that influences cardiac electric activities and acts as a potential effector of mechanoelectrical feedback that antagonizes the effects of stretch-activated cation channels. Persistent activation of ICl,swell has been observed in multiple models of cardiovascular diseases. Previously we showed that angiotensin II (AngII) signaling and reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by NADPH oxidase (NOX) are involved in the activation of ICl, swell by both beta1-integrin stretch and osmotic swelling. Because endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a potential downstream mediator of AngII and ETA receptor blockade abrogates AngII-induced ROS generation, we studied how ET-1 …
A Cellular Mechanism For Dendritic Spine Loss Following Traumautic Brain Injury In Rat, Brian Low
A Cellular Mechanism For Dendritic Spine Loss Following Traumautic Brain Injury In Rat, Brian Low
Theses and Dissertations
Traumatic brain injury is a leading cause of death and disability in the United States. The injury is often composed of two processes: the primary injury, which can involve irreversible loss of tissue, and the secondary injury, which involves a cascade of reactive processes such as excitotoxicity that occur in the hours and days after the initial insult. Excitotoxic stimulation of neuronal circuits can lead to cellular dysfunction and modulation of neuronal sensitivity. One mechanism of dysfunction involves the calcium-regulated phosphatase, calcineurin. Calcineurin has been shown to be involved in the modulation of the neuronal post-synaptic structures known as dendritic …
Adaptation At A Shortened Length In Rabbit Femoral Artery, Melissa Bednarek
Adaptation At A Shortened Length In Rabbit Femoral Artery, Melissa Bednarek
Theses and Dissertations
It is well known that the overlap between the thick and thin filaments in striated muscle is responsible for the single active length-tension (L-T) curve. With the lack of visible striations, a sarcomeric unit has not been identified in smooth muscle. Though once thought to function like striated muscle via a sliding filament mechanism of contraction, recent studies on length-adaptation (L-adaptation) in airway smooth muscle (ASM), in which increased tension is generated with repeated contraction, have led to the hypothesis of a dynamic L-T curve in smooth muscle. Although more established in ASM, two studies have shown L-adaptation in vascular …
Function Of The Notch/Delta Pathway In Ophthalmic Trigeminal Placode Development, Matthew K. Ball
Function Of The Notch/Delta Pathway In Ophthalmic Trigeminal Placode Development, Matthew K. Ball
Theses and Dissertations
The ophthalmic trigeminal placode (opV) is the birth place of one cell type of sensory neurons contributing to the trigeminal ganglion. Signals from the neural tube induce placodal identity within the surface ectoderm. Specified opV placode cells then up-regulate neuron differentiation markers and migrate to the ganglion. Several molecular pathways have been shown to act in opV placode cell development. Despite this, signals that specify individual neurons from within the opV placode remain unknown. However, it is known that components of the Notch signaling pathway are expressed in the opV placode. I tested the role of Notch signaling in opV …
Investigating The Role Of Electric Fields In Directing Schwann Cell Behavior, Nishant Magar
Investigating The Role Of Electric Fields In Directing Schwann Cell Behavior, Nishant Magar
Theses and Dissertations
This study examines the potential of Schwann cells (SCs) to be manipulated by electric fields (EFs) in order to improve recovery from spinal cord injury (SCI). It had long been believed that the central nervous system (CNS) is incapable of regeneration, but recent studies have proven otherwise. SC transplants are known to be useful in promoting axon regeneration after SCI, but is not sufficient for functional recovery. EFs are known to exist in vivo, and have been known to drastically affect the morphology and behavior of cells in various tissues. It was the hypothesis of this study that the conditioning …
Tacrolimus Is Not Neuroprotective Against Bilirubin Induced Auditory Impairment, Lori Walker
Tacrolimus Is Not Neuroprotective Against Bilirubin Induced Auditory Impairment, Lori Walker
Theses and Dissertations
In newborns, unconjugated bilirubin (UCB) is not readily excreted, and when bilirubin levels exceed the serum albumin binding capacity, pathological levels of UCB exist. Hyperbilirubinemia may lead to auditory damage and ultimately cause a hearing disorder called auditory neuropathy/dys-synchrony, characterized by absent or abnormal brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEPs) with evidence of normal inner ear function assessed by either otoacoustic emissions or cochlear microphonic responses. Phototherapy and double volume exchange transfusion are used as treatment methods for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Spontaneously jaundiced Gunn rat pups given sulfadimethoxine to displace bilirubin from serum albumin develop bilirubin encephalopathy and have abnormal BAEPs comparable …
Role Of Hepatic Cholesterol Ester Hydrolase (Ceh) In Hydrolyzing Cholesterol Esters (Ce) Delivered Via Sr-Bi (Scavenger Receptor Class B Type I) And Sr-Bii, Saurabh Bajpai
Theses and Dissertations
Reduction of cholesterol ester (CE) from lipid burden lesion-associated macrophage foam cells has been shown to reduce plaque volumes. Hydrolysis of CE to free cholesterol (FC) in macrophages is an essential step for removal of CE from the macrophage and its transport to the liver by high density lipoprotein (HDL) for further metabolism. Since CE must again be hydrolyzed into FC in the liver catalyzing this hydrolysis, it becomes imperative to find the identity of these enzymes. In this study the role of key enzyme in catalyzing the hydrolysis of CE to FC, neutral cholesterol ester hydrolase (CEH) was evaluated. …
Matrix Metalloproteinase Expression In Models Of Parkinson's Disease, Justin Mcclain
Matrix Metalloproteinase Expression In Models Of Parkinson's Disease, Justin Mcclain
Theses and Dissertations
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons located in the substantia nigra. Accumulating evidence indicates that microglia-driven neuroinflammation contributes significantly to chronic neurodegeneration in PD. The matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play an important role in several neuroinflammatory paradigms; however, their relationship to dopaminergic neurodegeneration in PD remains relatively unexplored. To address this, the temporal relationship between MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-9, and MMP-13 expression and dopaminergic neurodegeneration was compared in the 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) models of PD. In dopaminergic SH-SY5Y cells, 6-OHDA treatment significantly increased MMP-13 mRNA expression; however, examination of 6-OHDA-lesioned rats …
Effects Of Metal Protoporphyrins On Burn Wound Conversion, Katie Braun
Effects Of Metal Protoporphyrins On Burn Wound Conversion, Katie Braun
Theses and Dissertations
A murine model was utilized to test the influence of heavy metal protoporphyrins on burn conversion, heme oxygenase – 1 (HO-1) expression, and inflammation. Heavy metal protoporphyrins, such as cobalt protoporphyrin (Co PP) and tin protoporphyrin (Sn PP), were used to influence the heme oxygenase activity. The effects of these heavy metal protoporphyrins on burn wound conversion were examined using a burn comb model in rats. In addition to assessing the extent of conversion, HO-1 expression and parameters of inflammation were also examined in the area of injury (interspace region) subject to conversion. These studies demonstrate proof in principal that …
Effects Of Light Exposure On The Release Of Oxygen From Hemoglobin In A Red Blood Cell Suspension, Tanikka Toler
Effects Of Light Exposure On The Release Of Oxygen From Hemoglobin In A Red Blood Cell Suspension, Tanikka Toler
Theses and Dissertations
The main function of the cardiovascular system is to deliver a sufficient quantity of oxygenated blood to the tissues, cells, and organs of the body in order to provide the cells with essential nutrients for metabolism and for the removal of waste products. All cells require and utilize oxygen. Oxygen is transported to various cells and tissues via red blood cells flowing through the microcirculation of an organism. Measurement of oxygen transport in the microcirculation has shown that about ten times more oxygen appears to leave the blood of arterioles than can be accounted for by diffusion. One possibility to …
The Effects Of Excess Corticosterone On Lkb1 And Ampk Signaling In Skeletal Muscle Of Rats, Gary N. Nakken
The Effects Of Excess Corticosterone On Lkb1 And Ampk Signaling In Skeletal Muscle Of Rats, Gary N. Nakken
Theses and Dissertations
Cushing's syndrome and glucocorticoid therapy lead to central obesity, insulin resistance, and symptoms of altered energy regulation similar to those observed in the metabolic syndrome. We hypothesized that excess glucocorticoids alter energy sensing/signaling in skeletal muscle through mediation of the LKB1/AMPK signaling pathway. To test this hypothesis, three 100 mg pellets of corticosterone were implanted subcutaneously in each of nine rats for two weeks. Responses were compared with sham operated controls fed ad libitum or food restricted to produce the body weights similar to the treatment group rats. After the treatment period, animals were anesthetized and the right gastrocnemius-plantaris and …
Co-Administration Of Sildenafil Potentiates Doxorubicin-Induced Apoptosis In Prostate Cancer: The Role Of Nf-Kappab, Sarah Hassanieh
Co-Administration Of Sildenafil Potentiates Doxorubicin-Induced Apoptosis In Prostate Cancer: The Role Of Nf-Kappab, Sarah Hassanieh
Theses and Dissertations
Our recent studies have shown that that erectile dysfunction (ED) drugs including Sildenafil (Viagra), Vardenafil (Levitra) and Tadalafil (Cialis) enhance killing of several types of cancer cells by anticancer drug, Doxorubicin (DOX). We observed increased cell death by apoptosis in response to the combined treatment with ED drugs and DOX. However, the mechanism of such enhancement of cell death by combined treatment of ED drugs and DOX is not fully understood. Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) is an oxidant-sensitive transcription factor that plays a critical role in the immediate-early activation of a multitude of genes that have been documented to play critical …
Wnt5a Signaling Independently Of The Planar Cell Polarity Pathway Resulting In Convergent Extension And Neural Tube Closure During Vertebrate Development, Jared James Barrott
Wnt5a Signaling Independently Of The Planar Cell Polarity Pathway Resulting In Convergent Extension And Neural Tube Closure During Vertebrate Development, Jared James Barrott
Theses and Dissertations
Vertebrate development is regulated by cellular communication by mechanisms of cell fate and cell behavior. These crucial mechanisms are regulated by cellular signaling and in the case of cell fate, cellular signaling results in transcription of developmentally important genes. Communication between cells can also result in regulation of cell behavior by acting on cytoskeletal elements rather than nuclear factors. One of the cellular signals that regulate both cell fate and cell behavior is the family of Wnt signaling molecules. Wnt5a is one of 19 Wnt molecules and has been previously demonstrated to play critical roles in many important processes in …
Determining The Role Of Wnt5a Signaling In Embryonic Limb Outgrowth Via Clonal Analysis, Whitney Herrod Sowby
Determining The Role Of Wnt5a Signaling In Embryonic Limb Outgrowth Via Clonal Analysis, Whitney Herrod Sowby
Theses and Dissertations
The exact mechanisms that regulate limb outgrowth the mouse embryo are unknown. Although there are several models, we favor a hypothesis where cells become polarized by signals secreted from the AER which orient their cell migration and/or divisions causing limb outgrowth. Clonal analysis has provided a mechanism to study cell behavior. We have generated a targeting construct containing the Fgf8 inhibitor, Sprouty2, in order to generate mutant clones for behavioral analyses in the limb. In order to more effectively study clonal behavior we report the modification of a novel clonal analysis approach, exo-utero surgery. We have modified, enhanced and proven …
Cellular And Matrix Changes In Articular Cartilage Of The Disproportionate Micromelia Mouse Model Of Osteoarthritis, Crystal Noelle Smaldone
Cellular And Matrix Changes In Articular Cartilage Of The Disproportionate Micromelia Mouse Model Of Osteoarthritis, Crystal Noelle Smaldone
Theses and Dissertations
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease that affects more than 60% of Americans 65 and older. Because human subjects and samples are not readily available for research, animal models are an invaluable resource for the study of OA. Disproportionate micromelia (Dmm) is one such model that develops OA early in life due to a deletion in the c-propeptide of the Col2a1 gene. Light microscope analysis of the articular cartilage in Dmm has been completed, but is insufficient to show the cellular effects of the deletion mutation in Dmm in adequate detail. The present study explores the changes that occur …
Differential Expression And Functional Characterization Of Alpha3 Beta2 Neuronal Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors, John Hideo Mizukawa
Differential Expression And Functional Characterization Of Alpha3 Beta2 Neuronal Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors, John Hideo Mizukawa
Theses and Dissertations
Neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are expressed in both the periperhal and central nervous systems, and are involved in pre-, post-, and non-synaptic control of neuronal activation. In the brain, these receptors play an important role in a variety of physiological processes such as cognition, development, learning, and memory formation. Malfunction of these receptors have been implicated in neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease (AD), schizophrenia, and Parkinson's disease. To date, 17 different nAChR subunits, including α2-α7 and β2-β4, have been cloned that can form homo- and/or hetero-pentameric ionotropic receptors. The unique combinations of subunit pentamers manifest in distinct functional receptors. …
Investigating And Modeling Possible Mechanisms By Which Healthy Cell Membranes Become Resistant To Hydrolysis By Secretory Phospholipase A2, Jennifer Nelson
Investigating And Modeling Possible Mechanisms By Which Healthy Cell Membranes Become Resistant To Hydrolysis By Secretory Phospholipase A2, Jennifer Nelson
Theses and Dissertations
Secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) behaves differently toward the membranes of healthy cells compared to those of damaged or dying cells. The enzyme catalyzes rapid and sustained hydrolysis of compromised cells consistent with a simple catalytic mechanism. In contrast, when healthy cells are incubated with sPLA2, they become resistant to hydrolytic attack as manifest by three unusual observations: First, hydrolysis is transient and represents only a small fraction of the total membrane phospholipid content. Second, subsequent addition of sPLA2 fails to generate additional product. Third, the apparent potency of the enzyme to cause the membrane to be refractory is much greater …
A Comparative Analysis Of Hydrolysis Kinetics By Spla2 Isoforms During Apoptosis In S49 Cells, Erin Dalene Olson
A Comparative Analysis Of Hydrolysis Kinetics By Spla2 Isoforms During Apoptosis In S49 Cells, Erin Dalene Olson
Theses and Dissertations
Secretory Phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) represents a diverse class of roughly 20 enzymes, 12 of which have been identified in humans. These isoforms can be distinguished based on their tissue distribution, structure, and regulation. These differences in structure between the isoforms lead to the question does the enzyme's ability to respond to physical changes in the membrane during apoptosis governed by structure. S49 cell apoptosis was initiated by treatment with either the glucocorticoid dexamethasone (6–48 h) or with the calcium ionophore, ionomycin. The rates of hydrolysis were compared with each treatment condition for various concentrations of snake venom and human groups …
The Role Of Microrna-155 And Microrna-146a As Putative Oncomirs In The Tumor Progression Of Prostate Cancer, Jennifer Hoyt
The Role Of Microrna-155 And Microrna-146a As Putative Oncomirs In The Tumor Progression Of Prostate Cancer, Jennifer Hoyt
Theses and Dissertations
Prostate cancer is the most common cancer occurring in males. The identification of novel microRNAs (miRs) that contribute to tumor progression represents prospective treatment targets. miRs are small non-coding RNAs important in gene regulation with specific tissue expression patterns. Each miR is thought to affect the expression of hundreds of different RNA targets. Two putative oncomiRs, miR-155 and miR-146a, were shown to be differentially expressed in the human derived, prostate cell sublines M12 and F6. Quantification of endogenous miR expression showed high levels in the metastatic M12 cell line versus low in its weakly tumorigenic F6 variant. The restoration of …
Intravenous Administration Of Perfluorocarbon Emulsions As A Non-Recompression Therapy For Decompression Sickness, Cameron Smith
Intravenous Administration Of Perfluorocarbon Emulsions As A Non-Recompression Therapy For Decompression Sickness, Cameron Smith
Theses and Dissertations
Decompression sickness (DCS) results from a sudden decrease in ambient pressure leading to super-saturation of tissues with inert gas and subsequent bubble formation within both tissues and blood. Perfluorocarbons (PFC) are able to dissolve vast amounts of non-polar gases. The administration of intravenous (I.V.) PFC emulsions reduce both morbidity and mortality of DCS, but the mechanism of this protective effect has not yet been demonstrated. Juvenile Dorper cross sheep between 16 and 24 kg (n=31) were anaesthetized and instrumented for physiological monitoring, the administration of I.V. fluids and sampling of arterial and mixed venous blood. Animals were placed in a …
Effect Of Hemoglobin-Based Oxygen Carriers On Arterial Pressure And Vasoactivity In The Rat Mesentery, Michael Kim
Effect Of Hemoglobin-Based Oxygen Carriers On Arterial Pressure And Vasoactivity In The Rat Mesentery, Michael Kim
Theses and Dissertations
Hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers provide a promising future as an alternative to human blood transfusions. Hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers, HBOCs, provide a lowcost, easy to maintain, and safe solution. They require no refrigeration and are universally compatible, and the required transfusion volume is less than that of a normal transfusion. HBOCs have been known to have adverse side effects such as renal toxicity, gastrointestinal dismotility, and hypertension. Many of these problems stem from the lack of a membrane, which protects the hemoglobin from dissociating and extravasating into the blood vessel wall. Extracellular hemoglobin, like that found in HBOCs, has a greater affinity …
Effects Of Hemoglobin-Based Oxygen Carriers On The Vasoactivity Of The Spinotrapezius Muscle Of The Rat, Pete Meliagros
Effects Of Hemoglobin-Based Oxygen Carriers On The Vasoactivity Of The Spinotrapezius Muscle Of The Rat, Pete Meliagros
Theses and Dissertations
Hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers (HBOCs) offer a safe, more plentiful and long term alternate to blood banks. However, they have been found to increase blood pressure which can be attributed to an increase in total peripheral resistance (TPR). Lumenal nitric oxide (NO) scavenging by these HBOCs seems to be responsible for this hypertensive effect. In addition, it is believed that hemoglobin (Hb) tetramers and dimers may extravasate and consume additional nitric oxide in the perivascular and interstitial space. The purpose of the present study was to elucidate the role of NO scavenging and to confirm extravasation as a contributor to HBOC …