Physiology Commons^™

End Matter, Vol. 8

Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs

No abstract provided.

Descriptive Ethology And Activity Patterns Of Black-Footed Ferrets, Tim W. Clark, Louise Richardson, Steven C. Forrest, Denise E. Casey, Thomas M. Campbell Iii

Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs

Aspects of the aboveground ethology and activity patterns of the black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigipes) are described for a population in northwestern Wyoming as a first step in building a descriptive ethogram and quantification of activity patterns. We observed at least 237 individual ferrets for 208 hr on 441 occasions from 2 December 1981 through 25 September 1984. Mainenance behaviors (locomotion, alert, grooming, and sunning, defecation and urination, digging, and predation) and social behavior (reproduction, ontogeny, maternal, play, agonistic) are described as well as some ferret-human interactions. Ferret vocalizations are subjectively described. We located ferrets during most months including …

Full Issue, Vol. 8

Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs

No abstract provided.

Description And History Of The Meeteetse Black-Footed Ferret Environment, Tim W. Clark, Steven C. Forrest, Louise Richardson, Denise E. Casey, Thomas M. Campbell Iii

Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs

The black-footed ferret (Mustela nigripes) occupied area lies in the western Big Horn Basin, Park County, Wyoming. Cody, a nearby town, shows a record high temperature of 40.5 C and a low of -43.3 C, with 173 days each year below 0 C. Area geology is dominated by Absaroka volcanics. Soils are shallow (0.5 m) and underlain by unconsolidated gravels; well-drained, medium-textured clay-loams (ca 1 m in depth); or clays derived from shale parent materials. Vegetation is characterized by a wheatgrass-needlegrass shrubsteppe type (Agropyron/Stipa/Artemisia). Prior to white settlement, the area hosted a diverse large mammal community. …

Front Matter, Vol. 8

Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs

No abstract provided.

High Rates Of Photosynthesis In The Desert Shrub Chrysothamnus Nauseosus Ssp. Albicaulis, Tim D. Davis, N. Sankhla, W. R. Andersen, D. J. Weber, B. N. Smith

Great Basin Naturalist

Basic aspects of photosynthesis were investigated in white rubber rabbitbrush (Chrysothamnus nauseosus (Pallas) Britt. ssp. albicaulis), a common C₃ deciduous shrub native to arid regions of the western U.S. Under favorable field conditions, net photosynthesis (P_n) ranged from 36 to 73 mg CO₂ · dm ⁻² · hr⁻¹, which is relatively high for a woody species. The leaves from the actively growing flowering shoots exhibited higher P_n than those on the vegetative shoots. P_n also varied according to the age of the leaves and the location of the plants. P …

Spatial Patterns Of Plant Communities And Differential Weathering In Navajo National Monument, Arizona, Jack D. Brotherson, William E. Evenson, Samuel R. Rushforth, John Fairchild, Jeffrey R. Johansen

Great Basin Naturalist

Vegetation patterns in Navajo National Monument, Arizona, were studied over a five-year period from 1977 to 1981. Twelve distinct plant community types occur within the boundaries of the park. These communities are characterized and the dominant plant species of each are recorded. The relationships of parent material, soils, and moisture to plant communities are also discussed. It appears that discrete communities occupy soils of different characteristics, particularly with respect to amount of weathering of parent material.

Mule Deer Passage Beneath An Overland Coal Conveyer, Charles L. Greenwood, Larry B. Dalton

Great Basin Naturalist

Presently, information pertaining to migration and daily movement patterns of big game in relation to overland conveyors or large diameter pipelines is sparse. A literature review showed that moose (Alces alces), caribou (Rangifer tarandus granti), reindeer, and dall sheep (Ovis dalli dalli) will pass beneath or over large diameter pipeline systems. But no information was found relative to big game crossing coal conveyor systems. Mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) passage beneath an overland coal conveyor in Carbon County, Utah, was studied during spring 1981. Deer avoided crossing at underpass opportunities where the clearance …

Distribution Of The Shoshone Scuplin (Cottus Greenei: Cottidae) In The Hagerman Valley Of South Central Idaho, Richard L. Wallace, J. S. Griffith Jr., D. M. Daley, Patrick J. Connolly, G. B. Beckham

Great Basin Naturalist

Cottus greenei, a potentially threatened species endemic to Idaho, was collected from 49 localities in 25 springs/streams in south central Idaho. Most localities were along the north bank of the Snake River in waters of the Thousand Springs formation, Gooding County. One population was found in a spring in the main Snake River. Another sculpin, Cottus bairdi, was collected with C. greenei at 23 locations in 16 springs/streams. Confusion concerning the type locality of Cottus greenei is discussed.>

Warm Water Aquaculture Using Waste Heat And Water From Zero Discharge Power Plants In The Great Basin, Richard A. Heckmann, Robert N. Winget, Rex C. Infanger, Roger W. Mickelsen, John M. Hendersen

Great Basin Naturalist

Two series of experiments were completed to determine (a) toxicity of waste water from power plants on warm water fish and (b) multiple use of waste heat and water for aquatic animal and plant production. All three types of waste water from a typical coal-fired power plant are acceptable for growing catfish and tilapia following aeration. This growth was compared with fish raised in spring water. Closed, recirculating polyculture systems using evaporation pond water operated efficiently for plant (duckweed) and animal (fish and freshwater prawns) production. Duckweed is an excellent supplement for fish feed. Tilapia and freshwater prawns grew rapidly …

Bird Distributional And Breeding Records For Southeastern Idaho, Utah, And Adjacent Regions, Clayton M. White, Herbert H. Frost, Dennis L. Shirley, G. Merrill Webb, Richard D. Porter

Great Basin Naturalist

New distributional records or the status for 33 species of birds that have occurred within Utah, adjacent southeastern portions of Idaho, or along the border of states surrounding Utah are reviewed. Four species, the Cattle Egret (Bubulcus ibis), Common Moorhen (Gallinula chloropus), Great-tailed Grackle (Quiscalus mexicanus), and Common Grackle (Quiscalus quiscula), represent new Utah breeding records established within the past decade, and they are commented upon. One other, the Black-tailed Gnatcatcher (Polioptila melanura), may be breeding in Utah. The Mockingbird (Mimus polyglottos) may likewise be breeding in southeastern …

Front Matter, Vol. 7

Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs

No abstract provided.

End Matter, Vol. 7

Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs

No abstract provided.

Full Issue, Vol. 7

Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs

No abstract provided.

Life History Of The Lahontan Cutthroat Trout, Salmo Clarki Henshawi, In Pyramid Lake, Nevada, William F. Sigler, William T. Helm, Paul A. Kucera, Steven Vigg, Gar W. Workman

Great Basin Naturalist

The Pyramid Lake Lahontan cutthroat trout (Salmo clarki henshawi) population was sampled on a monthly basis from November 1975 through December 1977. A subsample of 676 trout, stratified by fish size and lake habitat, provided biological data. The entire population is presently derived from hatchery production, stocked at lengths of approximately 75 to 300 mm. Peak annulus formation occurs in March and April, followed by the period of maximum growth. Scale patterns illustrate a variable growing season. Maximum growth in length is in the first three years of life; after that males begin to grow faster than females. …

Determining Sex Of Plains Pocket Gophers By Incisor Width, Ronald M. Case, Alan B. Sargeant

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

Biologists studying food habits of predators can often determine the prey species but not the sex of the prey from remains found at dens, in stomachs, scats, or pellets of predators. Knowledge of the sex of prey is useful in evaluating predator food habits as well as indicating sex specific differences in prey behavior.

Plains pocket gophers, Geomys bursarius, can be easily identified by the presence of two prominent grooves on the face of each upper incisor. This makes them ideal specimens for studying prey remains. In this paper, we present data that can be used to identify the …

Anuran Activity Energetics, Scott R. Landrey

Dissertations and Theses

This thesis presents two separate experiments concerning aerobic and anaerobic amphibian energetics. The first study (Part I) investigates differential alterations in the kinetics of the anaerobic enzyme lactate dehydrogenase, in nine species of anurans with varying natural histories. The second study (Part II) studies changes in different anaerobic and aerobic physiological parameters in a single species (Rana catesbeiana) after six weeks of chronic exercised, unexercised-captive and for field frogs. The common theme of these two experiments involves the potential for physiological changes due to environmental stress. Part I examines different species to infer a possible evolutionary relationship to …

Factors Affecting Thyrotropin Secretion In Superfused Rat Anterior Pituitary Cells, Frederick Scott Bartlow

Dissertations and Theses

The use of static in vitro pituitary cultures has been indispensible for examining the regulation of anterior pituitary hormone secretion. While the static cultures have shown the effects of various chemical stimulators of hormone secretion, the dynamics of such secretion has not been assessed before in vitro. The in vitro superfusion method, which partially stimulates in vivo physiologic conditions, allows for the observation of the dynamics of pituitary hormone secretion.

Mast Cell Histamine Release Induced By Portuguese Man-Of-War (Physalia) Venom, A. Lester Flowers

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Richet and Portier studied the immunization of dogs against attenuated toxic extracts of the sea anemone and showed that, when given secondary injections of sublethal amounts of native toxic extracts, the dogs experienced severe pruritus and insensitivity followed by death. They called this increased sensitivity to the toxins, anaphylaxis. Richet and Portier, and later Jacques and Schachter, and Uvnäs also studied the direct pruritic and histamine releasing effects of cnidarian (e.g. Physalia, Actinia, Cyanea), toxic extracts. While the anaphylactic effect, discovered by Richet and Portier, has been extended by numerous studies to provide the foundation of our current knowledge of …

The Neural Organization Of The Lamina Ganglionaris In The Crab Hemigrapsus Nudus A Light And Electron Microscope Study, Hsu-Cheng Huang

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The gross structure and the neural arrangements in the optic lamina of crab Hemigrapsus nudus have been studied by light microscopy Golgi techniques and by electron microscopy. The lamina from distal to proximal is composed of a distinct cell layer, a fibular synaptic region, the plexiform layer, a spares cell layer, and the first optic chiasma. Golgi preparation of the lamina reveal four types of cells contributing to the lamina synaptic layer. Retinula cell axons and terminations, monopolar neurons with perikarya in the distal cell layer, tangential cells, neurons whose primary process enters from the chiasma with secondary processes branching …

Front Matter, Vol. 5

Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs

No abstract provided.

End Matter, Vol. 5, Index

Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs

No abstract provided.

End Matter, Vol. 5

Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs

No abstract provided.

Full Issue, Vol. 5

Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs

No abstract provided.

Eye Movement Related Single-Unit Recording In The Nucleus Reticularis Tegmenti Pontis In The Alert Monkey, William Franklin Crandall Jr.

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

Nucleus Reticularis Tegmenti Pontis (NRTP) is a structure which lies in the mid-brain ventral to the oculomotor complex. Anatomical studies strongly implicate it in oculomotor function as most of its inputs and outputs are to systems previously shown to be intimately involved in eye movement generation--superior colliculus (SC) and cerebellum. These reports show an integrative structure with inputs and outputs distributed in a way well suited for performing relay and feedback tasks. Physiological data in the alert, trained monkey has been gathered in an attempt to characterize these neurons and to classify them in functional terms. Three monkeys were trained …

The Metabolic Cost Of Behavioral Thermoregulation Of Body Temperature In The Northern Alligator Lizard Gerrhonotus Coeruleus, And How It Affects The Classical Concept Of Eurythermality, James Dudley Campbell

Dissertations and Theses

The effect of total metabolic cost expenditures on the precision of behavioral thermoregulation was investigated for the purportedly eurythermic Northern Alligator lizard (Gerrhonotus coeruleus). An operant apparatus was designed to test metabolic output at different heat reinforcement magnitudes. The mean T_B reflected in each trial was positively correlated to the length of reinforcement. The shuttle rate during each trial was inversely correlated to the length of reinforcement. The standard deviation and total metabolic costs did not vary significantly between trials undertaken at the same ambient temperature. Eurythermality in G. coeruleus is caused by fluctuations in preferred body temperature and …

Morphological Variation In The Southeastern Pocket Gopher, Geomys Pinetis (Mammalia: Rodentia), Stephen L. Williams, Hugh H. Genoways

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

The nominal species of southeastern pocket gophers (Geomys pinetis, G. colonus, G. cumberlandius, and G. fontanelus), which collectively occupy a geographic range on the Atlantic and Gulf coastal plain of Alabama, Georgia, and Florida, were examined for morphological variation. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to determine age, sexual, individual, and geographic variation in G. pinetis. Significant differences were found among different age classes and between sexes. Males displayed higher individual variation than females and external measurements were more variable than cranial measurements. Of the four named species in the pinetis-species group (colonus …

End Matter, Vol. 4, Index

Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs

No abstract provided.

Mineral Compostition Of Atriplex Hymenelytra Growing In The Northern Mojave Desert, A. Wallace, E. M. Romney, R. B. Hunter, J. E. Kinnear, G. V. Alexander

Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs

Fifty samples of Atriplex hymenelytra (Torr.) S. Wats, were collected from several different locations in southern Nevada and California to test variability in mineral composition. Only Na, V, P. Ca, Mg, Mn, and Sr in the samples appeared to represent a uniform population resulting in normal curves for frequency distribution. Even so, about 40 percent of the variance for these elements was due to location. All elements differed enough with location so that no element really represented a uniform population. The coefficient of variation for most elements was over 40 percent and one was over 100 percent. The proportion of …

End Matter, Vol. 4

Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs

No abstract provided.