Toxicology Commons^™

Mycotoxins In Grains – Causes, Prevention And Control, Hester F. Vismer

INTSORMIL Presentations

Discusses mycotoxins, their effect on grain, mitigation considerations, and resulting human toxicology.

Pharmacokinetic Evaluation Of The Blood: Tissue Relationship In Poultry: Screening For Antibiotic Residues In Chicken Muscle, Ixchel Reyes Herrera

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

During their life, humans are exposed to numerous substances that are naturally present in the environment or that are the result of man made processes, including heavy metals, persistent organic pollutants, pesticides and veterinary drugs. Some of these substances can leave residues in food products and possibly expose consumers to their potential toxic effects. To address these problems extensive regulatory efforts are devoted to prevent, detect and control these substances from reaching the food supply. However, given the vast diversity of food products that requires monitoring and the immense diversity of potential chemical contaminants, the need for an efficient and …

Aluminium Phosphide Poisoning: A Case Report, Shela Akbar Ali Hirani, Arshalooz Rahman

School of Nursing & Midwifery

This paper reports the case of a family in which three children were presented at Emergency Room (ER) with poisoning after the use of a pesticide at home. Initially, the cases were managed as routine cases of organophosphorus poisoning; however, the death of two children made the health team members realise that the poison's effects were delayed and devastating. Later, the compound was identified as Aluminium Phosphide (ALP), and the life of the last surviving child in the family was saved.

Curated Exhibit: Absolute Poison, Laura J. Hall

Posters and Presentations

The Absolute Poison exhibit, curated by Laura J. Hall, MFA, delved into the fascinating and deadly world of poisons. From the ancient Sumerian goddess Gula, to Shakespeare’s Hamlet, and the infamous cyanide-laced Tylenol case of 1982, poisons have long held a place in our collective imagination. The exhibit explored the history, symbolism, and cultural impact of poisons, featuring materials such as Albrecht Dürer’s Adam and Eve with its skull and crossbones motif symbolizing death. On display from September 2010 to August 2011 at the UNM Domenici Center, the exhibit examined how poisons have shaped narratives of danger and mystery. September …

Analysis Of Anthropogenic Effects On Topsoil Throughout The California Polytechnic State University Campus In San Luis Obispo, Brooke L. Hamilton

Earth and Soil Sciences

Soils reflect the health of a landscape, and in many cases carry the burden of anthropogenic activity, continually changing in characteristics such as pH, soil texture, soil structure, carbon:nitrogen ratios (C:N), and chemical composition. In a study sampling six different soils on the California Polytechnic State University campus in San Luis Obispo, these five soil characteristics were tested for and the results were determined. Soil samples consist of the top 5-10 cm of soil profiles, with sample sites varying according to degree of human contact; the locations the samples were taken from are as follows: (1) Walters Creek Ranch pasture, …

Verapamil Inhibits The Glucose Transport Activity Of Glut1, Larry L. Louters, Nathan Stehouwer, Janelle Rekman, Andrew Tidball

University Faculty Publications and Creative Works

Calcium channel blocker toxicity has been associated with marked hyperglycemia responsive only to high-dose insulin therapy. The exact mechanism(s) of this induced hyperglycemia has not been clearly delineated. The glucose transporter GLUT1 is expressed in a wide variety of cell types and is largely responsible for a basal level of glucose transport. GLUT1 also is activated by cell stress. The specific purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the calcium channel blocker verapamil on the glucose uptake activity of GLUT1 in L929 fibroblasts cells. Dose-dependent effects of verapamil on glucose uptake were studied using L929 fibroblast cells …

Verapamil Inhibits The Glucose Transport Activity Of Glut1, Larry L. Louters, Nathan Stehouwer, Janelle Rekman, Andrew Tidball

University Faculty Publications and Creative Works

Calcium channel blocker toxicity has been associated with marked hyperglycemia responsive only to high-dose insulin therapy. The exact mechanism(s) of this induced hyperglycemia has not been clearly delineated. The glucose transporter GLUT1 is expressed in a wide variety of cell types and is largely responsible for a basal level of glucose transport. GLUT1 also is activated by cell stress. The specific purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the calcium channel blocker verapamil on the glucose uptake activity of GLUT1 in L929 fibroblasts cells. Dose-dependent effects of verapamil on glucose uptake were studied using L929 fibroblast cells …

Low Dose Sarin Leads To Murine Cardiac Dysfunction, Michael W. Horenziak

Theses and Dissertations

It has been reported that low dose sarin is associated with long-term pathology in the brain and heart; however, the effects of sarin on the heart have yet to be determined. In addition, sarin has been implicated as an etiological agent in Gulf War Illness. Thus, the role of sarin in producing illness has important military consequences. This study used echocardiography, electrocardiography, and histology to determine sarin’s effect on the murine cardiovascular system. C57BL/6J mice were injected with sarin at 0.4 LD50, 0.5 LD50, or saline on two consecutive days and studied for 10 weeks post exposure. The sarin animals …

Particulate Characterization And Control Evaluation For Carbon Fiber Composite Aircraft Crash Recovery Operations, Matthew R. Ferreri

Theses and Dissertations

Within the United States Air Force (USAF) Advanced Composite Material (ACM) is gaining an increasing use in military aircraft. With the number of aircraft that have increasingly large amounts of ACM materials, the probability of an incident with one of these aircraft also increases. When such an incident occurs the aircraft needs to be disassembled, removed, and later inspected as part of the accident investigation process. This disassembly process is termed “Crash Recovery Operations.” Carbon fibers have been shown to be hazardous to human health and a pilot study raised the suspicion that nanosized aerosol may be generated during the …

Arsenic Speciation Analysis Of Biological Fluids : A Study Of Liquid Chromatography Coupled To Analytical Atomic Spectrometric Instrumentation, Kanna Ito

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Arsenic exists as many different chemical forms including inorganic, methylated and dietary species. The toxicity of these species varies: some are highly toxic and can cause adverse health effects in many parts of the body; others are considered relatively non-toxic. Monitoring arsenic exposure is usually accomplished by its direct measurement in biological fluids. Urine is the specimen of choice for assessing arsenic exposure, because of its short biological half-life in blood. There have been very few studies of arsenic species in blood, yet such research can provide valuable information on arsenic distribution and its metabolism in the body.

Evaluating And Regulating Lead In Artificial Turf, Gregory Van Ulirsch, Kevin Gleason, Shawn Gerstenberger, Deaphne B. Moffett, Glenn Pulliam, Tariq Ahmed, Jerald Fagliano

Environmental & Global Health Faculty Research

Background: In 2007, a synthetic turf recreational field in Newark, New Jersey, was closed because lead was found in synthetic turf fibers and in surface dust at concentrations exceeding hazard criteria. Consequently, public health professionals across the country began testing synthetic turf to determine whether it represented a lead hazard. Currently, no standardized methods exist to test for lead in synthetic turf or to assess lead hazards.

Objectives: Our objectives were to increase awareness of potential lead exposure from synthetic turf by presenting data showing elevated lead in fibers and turf-derived dust; identify risk assessment uncertainties; recommend that federal and/or …

Antibactertial Property And Toxcity Study Of Medicinal Plant Tinospora Crispa L., Altammar Khadijah Ahmed Y.

Student Works (2010-2019)

Tinospora crispa is a medically important herb used for centuries in traditional medicine for the treatment of various ailments. The aim of this study was to investigate the safety of the aqueous and alcoholic extract of Tinospora crispa by determining its toxicological effects after acute administration in rats, and to investigate the antibacterial activity of both extracts. Disc diffusion and broth dilution methods were carried out in determining the antibacterial effects of the plant extract on the pure cultures of clinical isolates of 8 MRSA and S. aureus ATCC strain. The disc-diffusion method of the ethanolic extracts showed inhibition zone …

Characterization Of Arsd: An Arsenic Chaperone For The Arsab As(Iii)-Translocating Atpase, Jianbo Yang

Wayne State University Dissertations

Arsenic is a metalloid toxicant that is widely distributed throughout the earth's crust and causes a variety of health and environment problems. As an adaptation to arsenic-contaminated environments, organisms have developed resistance systems. In bacteria and archaea various ars operons encode ArsAB ATPases that pump the trivalent metalloids As(III) or Sb(III) out of cells. In these operons, an arsD gene is almost always adjacent to the arsA gene, suggesting a related function. ArsA is the catalytic subunit of the pump that hydrolyzes ATP in the presence of arsenite or antimonite. ArsB is a membrane protein which containing arsenite-conducting pathway. ArsA …

Perubahan Tahap Kerintangan Dalam Nyamuk Culex Quinquefasciatus, Aedes Aegypti Dan Aedes Albopictus Terhadap Insektisid Malathion, Permethrin Dan Temephos., Hidayati Hamdan

Student Works (2010-2019)

In this study, selective pressure bioassay test against malathion, permethrin and temephos had been carried out at the larval stage of Cx. quinquefasciatus, Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus. Meanwhile, only selection pressure against malathion and permethrin was taken for the adults. The rate of resistance had reduce 52.68 and 13,130 fold in the malathion and permethrin strains of Cx. quinquefasciatus larvae while for the adults, a reduction of 6.14 and 10.37 fold had been observed. A reduction of 4.97, 64.16 dan 51.0 fold had been observed for the Ae. aegypti larvae while 2.74 and 4.48 fold in their adults. Treatment …