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Articles 451 - 480 of 1009
Full-Text Articles in Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutics
Chemical Material Basis Study Of Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction By Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled With Quadrupole Time-Of-Flight Mass Spectrometry, L. Zhang, Z. Jiang, J. Yang, Y. Li, Y. Wang, X. Chai
Chemical Material Basis Study Of Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction By Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled With Quadrupole Time-Of-Flight Mass Spectrometry, L. Zhang, Z. Jiang, J. Yang, Y. Li, Y. Wang, X. Chai
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Xuefu Zhuyu decoction, a classic prescription in traditional Chinese medicine, has been widely used in the clinical treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. In order to profile the chemical material basis of this formula, an ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (Q/TOF MS) method has been established for rapid separation and structural characterization of compounds in the decoction. As a result, 103 compounds including phenolic acids, spermidines, C-glycosyl quinochalcones, terpenoids, flavonoids, saponins, and others were detected; 35 of them were unambiguously identified, and 68 were tentatively characterized by comparing the retention time, MS data, characteristic MS …
Food Suppliers' Perceptions And Practical Implementation Of Food Safety Regulations In Taiwan, W.-H. Ko
Food Suppliers' Perceptions And Practical Implementation Of Food Safety Regulations In Taiwan, W.-H. Ko
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
The relationships between the perceptions and practical implementation of food safety regulations by food suppliers in Taiwan were evaluated. A questionnaire survey was used to identify individuals who were full-time employees of the food supply industry with at least 3 months of experience. Dimensions of perceptions of food safety regulations were classified using the constructs of attitude of employees and corporate concern attitude for food safety regulation. The behavior dimension was classified into employee behavior and corporate practice. Food suppliers with training in food safety were significantly better than those without training with respect to the constructs of perception dimension …
Flavone Glycosides From Commercially Available Lophatheri Herba And Their Chromatographic Fingerprinting And Quantitation, J.-S. Fan, I.-J. Lee, Y.-L. Lin
Flavone Glycosides From Commercially Available Lophatheri Herba And Their Chromatographic Fingerprinting And Quantitation, J.-S. Fan, I.-J. Lee, Y.-L. Lin
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Lophatheri Herba (Danzhuye; LH), the dried leaves of Lophatherum gracile Brongn (Poaceae), is commonly used in Chinese herbal medicine as an antipyretic, antibacterial, and diuretic. Chemical analysis has been conducted to isolate and identify seven major flavonoid glycosides, including a new flavone C-glycoside, luteolin 6-C-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), isoorientin (2), swertiajaponin (3), luteolin 6-C-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-L-arabinopyranoside (4), isovitexin (5), swertisin (6), luteolin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (7), and luteolin 6-C-α-L-arabinopyranoside (8), from commercially available LHs in Taiwan. The structure of the new compound (1), the maximum component, was determined by extensive one- (1D-) and two-dimensional (2D-) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and MS spectral analyses. The 1H and …
Is It Possible To Rapidly And Noninvasively Identify Different Plants From Asteraceae Using Electronic Nose With Multiple Mathematical Algorithms?, H.-Q. Zou, G. Lu, Y. Liu, R. Bauer, O. Tao, J.-T. Gong, L.-Y. Zhao, J.-H. Li, Z.-Y. Ren, Y.-H. Yan
Is It Possible To Rapidly And Noninvasively Identify Different Plants From Asteraceae Using Electronic Nose With Multiple Mathematical Algorithms?, H.-Q. Zou, G. Lu, Y. Liu, R. Bauer, O. Tao, J.-T. Gong, L.-Y. Zhao, J.-H. Li, Z.-Y. Ren, Y.-H. Yan
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Many plants originating from the Asteraceae family are applied as herbal medicines and also beverage ingredients in Asian areas, particularly in China. However, they may be confused due to their similar odor, especially when ground into powder, losing their typical macroscopic characteristics. In this paper, 11 different multiple mathematical algorithms, which are commonly used in data processing, were utilized and compared to analyze the electronic nose (E-nose) response signals of different plants from Asteraceae family. Results demonstrate that three-dimensional plot scatter figure of principal component analysis with less extracted components could offer the identification results more visually; simultaneously, all nine …
Red Algae (Gelidium Amansii) Reduces Adiposity Via Activation Of Lipolysis In Rats With Diabetes Induced By Streptozotocin-Nicotinamide, T.-H. Yang, H.-T. Yao, M.-T. Chiang
Red Algae (Gelidium Amansii) Reduces Adiposity Via Activation Of Lipolysis In Rats With Diabetes Induced By Streptozotocin-Nicotinamide, T.-H. Yang, H.-T. Yao, M.-T. Chiang
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Gelidium amansii (GA) is an edible red algae that is distributed mainly in northeastern Taiwan. This study was designed to investigate the effects of GA on plasma glucose, lipids, and adipocytokines in rats with streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced diabetes. Rats were divided into four groups: (1) rats without diabetes fed a high-fat diet (control group); (2) rats with diabetes fed a high-fat diet; (3) rats with diabetes fed a high-fat diet with thiazolidinedione in the diet; and (4) rats with diabetes fed a high-fat diet and GA. The experimental diet and drinking water were available ad libitum for 11 weeks. After the 11-week …
Effects Of Process Conditions On Chlorine Generation And Storage Stability Of Electrolyzed Deep Ocean Water, G.-S.W. Hsu, C.-W. Hsia, S.-Y. Hsu
Effects Of Process Conditions On Chlorine Generation And Storage Stability Of Electrolyzed Deep Ocean Water, G.-S.W. Hsu, C.-W. Hsia, S.-Y. Hsu
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Electrolyzed water is a sustainable disinfectant, which can comply with food safety regulations and is environmentally friendly. We investigated the effects of platinum plating of electrode, electrode size, cell potential, and additional stirring on electrolysis properties of deep ocean water (DOW) and DOW concentration products. We also studied the relationships between quality properties of electrolyzed DOW and their storage stability. Results indicated that concentrating DOW to 1.7 times increased chlorine level in the electrolyzed DOW without affecting electric and current efficiencies of the electrolysis process. Increasing magnesium and potassium levels in DOW decreased chlorine level in the electrolyzed DOW as …
Effects Of Electrode Settings On Chlorine Generation Efficiency Of Electrolyzing Seawater, G.-S.W. Hsu, C.-W. Hsia, S.-Y. Hsu
Effects Of Electrode Settings On Chlorine Generation Efficiency Of Electrolyzing Seawater, G.-S.W. Hsu, C.-W. Hsia, S.-Y. Hsu
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Electrolyzed water has significant disinfection effects, can comply with food safety regulations, and is environmental friendly. We investigated the effects of immersion depth of electrodes, stirring, electrode size, and electrode gap on the properties and chlorine generation efficiency of electrolyzing seawater and its storage stability. Results indicated that temperature and oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) of the seawater increased gradually, whereas electrical conductivity decreased steadily in electrolysis. During the electrolysis process, pH values and electric currents also decreased slightly within small ranges. Additional stirring or immersing the electrodes deep under the seawater significantly increased current density without affecting its electric efficiency and …
Optimization Of Ultrasonic Extraction By Response Surface Methodology Combined With Ultrafast Liquid Chromatography-Ultraviolet Method For Determination Of Four Iridoids In Gentiana Rigescens, Y. Pan, J. Zhang, T. Shen, Z.-T. Zuo, H. Jin, Y.-Z. Wang, W.-Y. Li
Optimization Of Ultrasonic Extraction By Response Surface Methodology Combined With Ultrafast Liquid Chromatography-Ultraviolet Method For Determination Of Four Iridoids In Gentiana Rigescens, Y. Pan, J. Zhang, T. Shen, Z.-T. Zuo, H. Jin, Y.-Z. Wang, W.-Y. Li
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Gentiana rigescens is a rich source of iridoids and is commonly used as a folk medicine for treatment of hepatitis and cholecystitis for over 1000 years. A rapid ultrafast liquid chromatography–ultraviolet method was developed for simultaneous determination of four major iridoid glycosides in G. rigescens. Response surface methodology based on the Box–Behnken design was applied to optimize the extraction conditions of iridoid glycosides. Using the Shim-Pack XR-ODS III, four iridoid glycosides were efficiently separated with an acetonitrile:0.1% formic acid aqueous solution gradient at a flow rate of 0.25 mL/min for 8 minutes. All the regression equations revealed a good linear …
New Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method For The Determination Of Irbesartan In Human Plasma, T.A. Wani, S. Zargar
New Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method For The Determination Of Irbesartan In Human Plasma, T.A. Wani, S. Zargar
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
With the objective of reducing analysis time and maintaining good efficiency, there has been substantial focus on high-speed chromatographic separations and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) is a preeminent analytical tool for rapid biomedical analysis. In this study a simple, rapid, sensitive, and specific ultra-performance liquid chromatography-MS/MS method was developed and validated for quantification of the angiotensin II receptor antagonist, irbesartan (IRB), in human plasma. After a simple protein precipitation using methanol and acetonitrile, IRB and internal standard (IS) telmisartan were separated on Acquity UPLC BEH C18 column (50 mm × 2.1 mm, i.d. 1.7 μm, Waters, Milford, MA, …
Determination Of 20 Synthetic Dyes In Chili Powders And Syrup-Preserved Fruits By Liquid Chromatography/Tandem Mass Spectrometry, C.-F. Tsai, C.-H. Kuo, D.Y.-C. Shih
Determination Of 20 Synthetic Dyes In Chili Powders And Syrup-Preserved Fruits By Liquid Chromatography/Tandem Mass Spectrometry, C.-F. Tsai, C.-H. Kuo, D.Y.-C. Shih
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
A liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method is developed to simultaneously determine 20 synthetic dyes (New Coccine, Indigo Carmine, Erythrosine, Tartrazine, Sunset Yellow FCF, Fast Green FCF, Brilliant Blue FCF, Allura Red AC, Amaranth, Dimethyl Yellow, Fast Garnet GBC, Para Red, Sudan I, Sudan II, Sudan III, Sudan IV, Sudan Orange G, Sudan Red 7B, Sudan Red B, and Sudan Red G) in food samples. This method offers high sensitivity and selectivity through the selection of two fragment ion transitions under multiple reaction monitoring mode to satisfy the requirements of both quantitation and qualitation. Using LC-MS/MS, the newly developed extraction …
Antioxidant Capacity And Bioactive Compounds Of Four Brazilian Native Fruits, C.C. Denardin, G.E. Hirsch, Rocha R.F. Da, M. Vizzotto, A.T. Henriques, J.C.F. Moreira, F.T.C.R. Guma, T. Emanuelli
Antioxidant Capacity And Bioactive Compounds Of Four Brazilian Native Fruits, C.C. Denardin, G.E. Hirsch, Rocha R.F. Da, M. Vizzotto, A.T. Henriques, J.C.F. Moreira, F.T.C.R. Guma, T. Emanuelli
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of extracts from araçá (Psidium cattleianum), butiá (Butia eriospatha), and pitanga (Eugenia uniflora) fruits with different flesh colors (i.e., purple, red, and orange), and blackberries (Rubus sp.; cv. Xavante and Cherokee) collected in the southern region of Brazil. The content of ascorbic acid, total carotenoids, and phenolics were determined. The profile of the phenolic compounds was assessed by high-performance liquid chromatography combined with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD). The antioxidant activity was determined using the ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay, 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl hydrate (DPPH) assay, total reactive antioxidant …
Analysis Of Titanium Dioxide And Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles In Cosmetics, P.-J. Lu, S.-C. Huang, Y.-P. Chen, L.-C. Chiueh, D.Y.-C. Shih
Analysis Of Titanium Dioxide And Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles In Cosmetics, P.-J. Lu, S.-C. Huang, Y.-P. Chen, L.-C. Chiueh, D.Y.-C. Shih
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
There have been rapid increases in consumer products containing nanomaterials, raising concerns over the impact of nanoparticles (NPs) to humankind and the environment, but little information has been published about mineral filters in commercial sunscreens. It is urgent to develop methods to characterize the nanomaterials in products. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) and zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs in unmodified commercial sunscreens were characterized by laser scanning confocal microscopy, atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results showed that laser scanning confocal microscopy evaluated primary particle aggregates and dispersions but could not size NPs because of the diffraction …
Melilotus Albus And Dorycnium Herbaceum Extracts As Source Of Phenolic Compounds And Their Antimicrobial, Antibiofilm, And Antioxidant Potentials, O.D. Stefanović, J.D. Tešić, L.R. Čomić
Melilotus Albus And Dorycnium Herbaceum Extracts As Source Of Phenolic Compounds And Their Antimicrobial, Antibiofilm, And Antioxidant Potentials, O.D. Stefanović, J.D. Tešić, L.R. Čomić
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Melilotus albus Medic. and Dorycnium herbaceum Vill. (Fabaceae) acetone, ethyl acetate, and ethanol extracts were investigated for their in vitro antimicrobial, antibiofilm, and antioxidant activity with quantification of phenolic compound contents. In general, D. herbaceum extracts showed better antibacterial and antioxidant activity than M. albus extracts. Bacteria Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Proteus mirabilis were the most susceptible with the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs), determined by microdilution method, between 1.25-10 mg/mL. Antifungal activity was lower with the detectable MICs at 10 mg/mL and 20 mg/mL. The plant extracts, using the crystal violet assay, inhibit P. aeruginosa …
Rice Bran Oil Prevents Neuroleptic-Induced Extrapyramidal Symptoms In Rats: Possible Antioxidant Mechanisms, N. Samad
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is one of the serious side effects of long-term antipsychotic treatment. Chronic treatment with neuroleptic leads to the development of abnormal oral movements called vacuous chewing movements (VCMs). The oxidative stress hypothesis of TD is one of the possible pathophysiologic models for TD. Preclinical and clinical studies of this hypothesis indicate that neurotoxic free radical production is likely to be a consequence of antipsychotic medication and is related to occurrence of TD. Oxidative stress is implicated in the pathophysiology of TD. Rats chronically treated with haloperidol orally at a dose of 0.2 mg/kg/day for a period of …
Evaluation Of Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, And Antiulcer Properties Of Vaccinium Leschenaultii Wight: A Therapeutic Supplement, P. Nagulsamy, R. Ponnusamy, P. Thangaraj
Evaluation Of Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, And Antiulcer Properties Of Vaccinium Leschenaultii Wight: A Therapeutic Supplement, P. Nagulsamy, R. Ponnusamy, P. Thangaraj
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
In folklore systems of medicine, bilberry fruit and leaf extracts have been used for the treatment of diarrhoea, dysentery, diabetes, inflammation, and ulcer. The present study was to determine antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiulcerogenic activities of Vaccinium leschenaultii Wight leaf and fruit. The phenolic, tannin, and flavonoid contents of V. leschenaultii leaf and fruit were quantified and were subjected to assess their antioxidant potential using various in vitro systems such as 1, 1 diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging, phosphomolybdenum, and ferric reducing antioxidant power reduction activities. Based on the antioxidant potential, acetone and methanol extracts of leaf and fruit were used …
The Effect Of Pineapple Core Fiber On Dough Rheology And The Quality Of Mantou, S.-Y. Shiau, M.-Y. Wu, Y.-L. Liu
The Effect Of Pineapple Core Fiber On Dough Rheology And The Quality Of Mantou, S.-Y. Shiau, M.-Y. Wu, Y.-L. Liu
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
The consumption of dietary fiber offers the health benefit of lowering the risk of many chronic diseases. Pineapple core fiber (PCF) in this study was extracted and incorporated into dough and mantou (i.e., steamed bread). The effects of PCF substitution and fiber size on textural and rheological properties of dough and mantou were evaluated by a texture analyzer. The substitution of wheat flour by PCF resulted in a stiffer and less extensible dough with or without fermentation. The hardness and gumminess of mantou significantly increased as the PCF substitution increased from 0% to 15%, but the cohesiveness, specific volume, and …
Determination Of The Concentration Of Alum Additive In Deep-Fried Dough Sticks Using Dielectric Spectroscopy, W. Kang, J. Lu, Y. Cheng, Y. Jin
Determination Of The Concentration Of Alum Additive In Deep-Fried Dough Sticks Using Dielectric Spectroscopy, W. Kang, J. Lu, Y. Cheng, Y. Jin
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
The concentration of alum additive in deep-fried dough sticks (DFDSs) was investigated using a coaxial probe method based on dielectric properties in the 0.3-10-GHz frequency range. The dielectric spectra of aqueous solutions with different concentrations of alum, sodium bicarbonate, and mixtures thereof were used. The correspondence between dielectric loss and alum concentration was thereby revealed. A steady, uniform correspondence was successfully established by introducing ω·ε″(ω), the sum of dielectric loss and conductor loss (i.e., total loss), according to the electrical conductivity of the alum-containing aqueous solutions. Specific, resonant-type dielectric dispersion arising from alum due to atomic polarization was identified around …
Gas Chromatographic Method For The Determination Of Lumefantrine In Antimalarial Finished Pharmaceutical Products, S. Suleman, Y. Verheust, A. Dumoulin, E. Wynendaele, M. D'Hondt, K. Vandercruyssen, L. Veryser, L. Duchateau, B. De Spiegeleer
Gas Chromatographic Method For The Determination Of Lumefantrine In Antimalarial Finished Pharmaceutical Products, S. Suleman, Y. Verheust, A. Dumoulin, E. Wynendaele, M. D'Hondt, K. Vandercruyssen, L. Veryser, L. Duchateau, B. De Spiegeleer
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
A simple method has been developed and validated for quantitative determination of lumefantrine in antimalarial finished pharmaceutical products using gas chromatography coupled to flame ionization detector. Lumefantrine was silylated with N,O-bis(trimethyl-silyl)trifluoro-acetamide at 70°C for 30 minutes, and chromatographic separation was conducted on a fused silica capillary (HP-5, 30 m length × 0.32 mm i.d., 0.25 μm film thickness) column. Evaluation of the method within analytical quality-by-design principles, including a central composite face-centered design for the sample derivatization process and Plackett-Burman robustness verification of the chromatographic conditions, indicated that the method has acceptable specificity toward excipients and degradants, accuracy [mean recovery …
Concentrations And Solubility Of Selected Trace Metals In Leaf And Bagged Black Teas Commercialized In Poland, L. Polechońska, M. Dambiec, A. Klink, A. Rudecki
Concentrations And Solubility Of Selected Trace Metals In Leaf And Bagged Black Teas Commercialized In Poland, L. Polechońska, M. Dambiec, A. Klink, A. Rudecki
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
The objective of this study was to determine the concentrations of heavy metals in bagged and leaf black teas of the same brand and evaluate the percentage transfer of metals to tea infusion to assess the consumer exposure. Ten leaf black teas and 10 bagged black teas of the same brand available in Poland were analyzed for Zn, Mn, Cd, Pb, Ni, Co, Cr, Al, and Fe concentrations both in dry material and their infusion. The bagged teas contained higher amounts of Pb, Mn, Fe, Ni, Al, and Cr compared with leaf teas of the same brand, whereas the infusions …
Detection Of Viable Salmonella In Ice Cream By Taqman Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay Combining Propidium Monoazide, Y. Wang, M. Yang, S. Liu, W. Chen, B. Suo
Detection Of Viable Salmonella In Ice Cream By Taqman Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay Combining Propidium Monoazide, Y. Wang, M. Yang, S. Liu, W. Chen, B. Suo
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) allows rapid detection of Salmonella in frozen dairy products, but it might cause a false positive detection result because it might amplify DNA from dead target cells as well. In this study, Salmonella-free frozen ice cream was initially inoculated with heat-killed Salmonella Typhimurium cells and stored at -18°C. Bacterial DNA extracted from the sample was amplified using TaqMan probe-based real-time PCR targeting the invA gene. Our results indicated that DNA from the dead cells remained stable in frozen ice cream for at least 20 days, and could produce fluorescence signal for real-time PCR as well. …
Rhodiola Plants: Chemistry And Biological Activity, H.-M. Chiang, H.-C. Chen, C.-S. Wu, P.-Y. Wu, K.-C. Wen
Rhodiola Plants: Chemistry And Biological Activity, H.-M. Chiang, H.-C. Chen, C.-S. Wu, P.-Y. Wu, K.-C. Wen
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Rhodiola is a genus of medicinal plants that originated in Asia and Europe and are used traditionally as adaptogens, antidepressants, and anti-inflammatory remedies. Rhodiola plants are rich in polyphenols, and salidroside and tyrosol are the primary bioactive marker compounds in the standardized extracts of Rhodiola rosea. This review article summarizes the bioactivities, including adaptogenic, antifatigue, antidepressant, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antinoception, and anticancer activities, and the modulation of immune function of Rhodiola plants and its two constituents, as well as their potential to prevent cardiovascular, neuronal, liver, and skin disorders. © 2015, Food and Drug Administration, Taiwan. Published by Elsevier Taiwan LLC. …
Investigation Of Impact Of Storage Conditions On Hypericum Perforatum L. Dried Total Extract, H. Koyu, M.Z. Haznedaroglu
Investigation Of Impact Of Storage Conditions On Hypericum Perforatum L. Dried Total Extract, H. Koyu, M.Z. Haznedaroglu
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Hypericum perforatum L. (Hypericaceae) has been widely prescribed for mild to moderate depression following the release of promising results in clinical trials. However, it is known that its constituents may be affected by milieu. The stability complexities of the constituents of H. perforatum have gained interest in recent years. The aim of the present study was to examine the impact of storage conditions on H. perforatum total extract simultaneously under different storage conditions. Temperature, humidity, and light conditions were evaluated. Comparative analyses of methanol extracts were conducted using high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection for chlorogenic acid, rutin, hyperoside, isoquercitrin, …
Alleviative Effects Of Litchi (Litchi Chinensis Sonn.) Flower On Lipid Peroxidation And Protein Degradation In Emulsified Pork Meatballs, Y. Ding, S.-Y. Wang, D.-J. Yang, M.-H. Chang, Y.-C. Chen
Alleviative Effects Of Litchi (Litchi Chinensis Sonn.) Flower On Lipid Peroxidation And Protein Degradation In Emulsified Pork Meatballs, Y. Ding, S.-Y. Wang, D.-J. Yang, M.-H. Chang, Y.-C. Chen
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
To avoid or retard the lipid peroxidation of meat products, antioxidants are commonly added. Considering the safety and health of additives in meat products, consumers prefer natural antioxidants rather than synthetic ones. Gentisic acid and epicatechin were identified as the major phenolic acid and flavonoid, respectively, of litchi flowers (LFs). The physicochemical properties of pork meatballs with or without dried LF powders (0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5%, w/w) and tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ; 0.01%, w/w) were analyzed during a 4-week frozen storage period. LF and TBHQ decreased (p < 0.05) thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) values but increased (p < 0.05) thiol group contents in meatballs. LF added to meatballs improved (p < 0.05) texture and water-holding capacity (centrifugation/purge losses) more than in the control group upon the storage. Although LF powders made meatballs redder and darker (p < 0.05) than the control and TBHQ groups, they did not affect the preference of panelists. The addition of 0.5% LF powders exhibited the best (p < 0.05) overall sensory panel acceptance. LFs may be an effective natural antioxidant to reduce lipid and protein oxidation for frozen cooked meat products. © 2015, Food and Drug Administration, Taiwan. Published by Elsevier Taiwan LLC. All rights reserved.
Dynamics Of Phytoestrogen, Isoflavonoids, And Its Isolation From Stems Of Pueraria Lobata (Willd.) Ohwi Growing In Democratic People's Republic Of Korea, S.-C. Mun, G.-S. Mun
Dynamics Of Phytoestrogen, Isoflavonoids, And Its Isolation From Stems Of Pueraria Lobata (Willd.) Ohwi Growing In Democratic People's Republic Of Korea, S.-C. Mun, G.-S. Mun
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Four isoflavonoids were isolated from stems of Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi growing in Democratic People's Republic of Korea and identified as daidzein (1), genistin (2), daidzin (3), and puerarin (4), structures, which were elucidated by means of spectroscopic analysis. Isoflavonoids were isolated using silica gel chromatography and purified with organic solvents. Isoflavonoid contents in P. lobata were determined using reliable high-performance liquid chromatography. The results indicated that the contents of puerarin and genistin in the roots are higher than those in the stems (6.19% and 0.04% vs. 1.15% and 0.02%), whereas the stems have higher contents of daidzin and daidzein …
Application Of Polymeric Nanoparticles And Micelles In Insulin Oral Delivery, M.S. Alai, W.J. Lin, S.S. Pingale
Application Of Polymeric Nanoparticles And Micelles In Insulin Oral Delivery, M.S. Alai, W.J. Lin, S.S. Pingale
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Diabetes mellitus is an endocrine disease in which the pancreas does not produce sufficient insulin or the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces. Insulin therapy has been the best choice for the clinical management of diabetes mellitus. The current insulin therapy is via subcutaneous injection, which often fails to mimic the glucose homeostasis that occurs in normal individuals. This provokes numerous attempts to develop a safe and effective noninvasive route for insulin delivery. Oral delivery is the most convenient administration route. However, insulin cannot be well absorbed orally because of its rapid enzymatic degradation in the gastrointestinal tract. …
Effects Of Aqueous Extract Of Ruta Graveolens And Its Ingredients On Cytochrome P450, Uridine Diphosphate (Udp)-Glucuronosyltransferase, And Reduced Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (Phosphate) (Nad(P)H)-Quinone Oxidoreductase In Mice, Y.-F. Ueng, C.-C. Chen, Y.-L. Huang, I.-J. Lee, C.-H. Yun, Y.-H. Chen, C.-C. Huang
Effects Of Aqueous Extract Of Ruta Graveolens And Its Ingredients On Cytochrome P450, Uridine Diphosphate (Udp)-Glucuronosyltransferase, And Reduced Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (Phosphate) (Nad(P)H)-Quinone Oxidoreductase In Mice, Y.-F. Ueng, C.-C. Chen, Y.-L. Huang, I.-J. Lee, C.-H. Yun, Y.-H. Chen, C.-C. Huang
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Ruta graveolens (the common rue) has been used for various therapeutic purposes, including relief of rheumatism and treatment of circulatory disorder. To elucidate the effects of rue on main drug-metabolizing enzymes, effects of an aqueous extract of the aerial part of rue and its ingredients on cytochrome P450 (P450/CYP), uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glucuronosyltransferase, and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate) (NAD(P)H):quinone oxidoreductase were studied in C57BL/6JNarl mice. Oral administration of rue extract to males increased hepatic Cyp1a and Cyp2b activities in a dose-dependent manner. Under a 7-day treatment regimen, rue extract (0.5 g/kg) induced hepatic Cyp1a and Cyp2b activities and protein levels …
Synthesis And Phototoxicity Of Isomeric 7,9-Diglutathione Pyrrole Adducts: Formation Of Reactive Oxygen Species And Induction Of Lipid Peroxidation, L. Ma, H. Zhao, Q. Xia, L. Cai, P.P. Fu
Synthesis And Phototoxicity Of Isomeric 7,9-Diglutathione Pyrrole Adducts: Formation Of Reactive Oxygen Species And Induction Of Lipid Peroxidation, L. Ma, H. Zhao, Q. Xia, L. Cai, P.P. Fu
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are hepatotoxic, genotoxic, and carcinogenic in experimental animals. Because of their widespread distribution in the world, PA-containing plants are probably the most common poisonous plants affecting livestock, wildlife, and humans. Upon metabolism, PAs generate reactive dehydro-PAs and other pyrrolic metabolites that lead to toxicity. Dehydro-PAs are known to react with glutathione (GSH) to form 7-GSH-(+/-)-6,7-dihydro-7-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-5H-pyrrolizine (7-GS-DHP) in vivo and in vitro and 7,9-diGS-DHP in vitro. To date, the phototoxicity of GS-DHP adducts has not been well studied. In this study, we synthesized 7-GS-DHP, a tentatively assigned 9-GS-DHP, and two enantiomeric 7,9-diGS-DHP adducts by reaction of dehydromonocrotaline with …
Electrochemical Determination Of Paraquat In Citric Fruit Based On Electrodeposition Of Silver Particles Onto Carbon Paste Electrode, A. Farahi, M. Achak, Gaini L. El, Mhammedi M.A. El, M. Bakasse
Electrochemical Determination Of Paraquat In Citric Fruit Based On Electrodeposition Of Silver Particles Onto Carbon Paste Electrode, A. Farahi, M. Achak, Gaini L. El, Mhammedi M.A. El, M. Bakasse
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Carbon paste electrodes (CPEs) modified with silver particles present an interesting tool in the determination of paraquat (PQ) using square wave voltammetry. Metallic silver particle deposits have been obtained via electrochemical deposition in acidic media using cyclic voltammetry. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction measurements show that the silver particles are deposited onto carbon surfaces in aggregate form. The response of PQ with modified electrode (Ag-CPE) related to Ag/CP loading, preconcentration time, and measuring solution pH was investigated. The result shows that the increase in the two cathodic peak currents (Peak 1 and Peak 2), under optimized conditions, was linear …
Formulation Of Essential Oil-Loaded Chitosan-Alginate Nanocapsules, D. Natrajan, S. Srinivasan, K. Sundar, A. Ravindran
Formulation Of Essential Oil-Loaded Chitosan-Alginate Nanocapsules, D. Natrajan, S. Srinivasan, K. Sundar, A. Ravindran
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Naturally occurring polymers such as alginate (AL) and chitosan (CS) are widely used in biomedical and pharmaceutical fields in various forms such as nanoparticles, capsules, and emulsions. These polymers have attractive applications in drug delivery because of their biodegradability, biocompatibility, and nontoxic nature. The pharmaceutical applications of essential oils such as turmeric oil and lemongrass oil are well-known, and their active components, ar-turmerone and citral, respectively, are known for their antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, antimutagenic, and anticarcinogenic properties. However, these essential oils are unstable, volatile, and insoluble in water, which limits their use for new formulations. Therefore, this study focuses on …
Sweet Potato Leaf Extract Inhibits The Simulated In Vitro Gastrointestinal Digestion Of Native Starch, T.L. Jeng, Y.C. Chiang, C.C. Lai, T.C. Liao, S.Y. Lin, T.C. Lin, J.M. Sung
Sweet Potato Leaf Extract Inhibits The Simulated In Vitro Gastrointestinal Digestion Of Native Starch, T.L. Jeng, Y.C. Chiang, C.C. Lai, T.C. Liao, S.Y. Lin, T.C. Lin, J.M. Sung
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Several studies have reported the therapeutic use of caffeoylquinic acid (CQA) derivatives in the management of hyperglycemia. This study used a simulated in vitro gastrointestinal digestion model to assess the inhibitory effects of CQA derivatives-rich sweet potato leaf extract (SPLE) and a commercially produced green coffee bean extract (GCBE), each with total polyphenols contents of 452 mg g-1 and 278 mg g-1, respectively, against starch digestion. The changes in the amounts of total polyphenols and total CQA derivatives during in vitro gastrointestinal digestion were also examined. The results indicated that both extracts contained substantial levels of CQA derivatives (136 mg …