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Articles 481 - 510 of 1074

Full-Text Articles in Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutics

Concentrations And Solubility Of Selected Trace Metals In Leaf And Bagged Black Teas Commercialized In Poland, L. Polechońska, M. Dambiec, A. Klink, A. Rudecki Jul 2020

Concentrations And Solubility Of Selected Trace Metals In Leaf And Bagged Black Teas Commercialized In Poland, L. Polechońska, M. Dambiec, A. Klink, A. Rudecki

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The objective of this study was to determine the concentrations of heavy metals in bagged and leaf black teas of the same brand and evaluate the percentage transfer of metals to tea infusion to assess the consumer exposure. Ten leaf black teas and 10 bagged black teas of the same brand available in Poland were analyzed for Zn, Mn, Cd, Pb, Ni, Co, Cr, Al, and Fe concentrations both in dry material and their infusion. The bagged teas contained higher amounts of Pb, Mn, Fe, Ni, Al, and Cr compared with leaf teas of the same brand, whereas the infusions …

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Detection Of Viable Salmonella In Ice Cream By Taqman Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay Combining Propidium Monoazide, Y. Wang, M. Yang, S. Liu, W. Chen, B. Suo Jul 2020

Detection Of Viable Salmonella In Ice Cream By Taqman Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay Combining Propidium Monoazide, Y. Wang, M. Yang, S. Liu, W. Chen, B. Suo

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) allows rapid detection of Salmonella in frozen dairy products, but it might cause a false positive detection result because it might amplify DNA from dead target cells as well. In this study, Salmonella-free frozen ice cream was initially inoculated with heat-killed Salmonella Typhimurium cells and stored at -18°C. Bacterial DNA extracted from the sample was amplified using TaqMan probe-based real-time PCR targeting the invA gene. Our results indicated that DNA from the dead cells remained stable in frozen ice cream for at least 20 days, and could produce fluorescence signal for real-time PCR as well. …

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Rhodiola Plants: Chemistry And Biological Activity, H.-M. Chiang, H.-C. Chen, C.-S. Wu, P.-Y. Wu, K.-C. Wen Jul 2020

Rhodiola Plants: Chemistry And Biological Activity, H.-M. Chiang, H.-C. Chen, C.-S. Wu, P.-Y. Wu, K.-C. Wen

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Rhodiola is a genus of medicinal plants that originated in Asia and Europe and are used traditionally as adaptogens, antidepressants, and anti-inflammatory remedies. Rhodiola plants are rich in polyphenols, and salidroside and tyrosol are the primary bioactive marker compounds in the standardized extracts of Rhodiola rosea. This review article summarizes the bioactivities, including adaptogenic, antifatigue, antidepressant, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antinoception, and anticancer activities, and the modulation of immune function of Rhodiola plants and its two constituents, as well as their potential to prevent cardiovascular, neuronal, liver, and skin disorders. © 2015, Food and Drug Administration, Taiwan. Published by Elsevier Taiwan LLC. …

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Investigation Of Impact Of Storage Conditions On Hypericum Perforatum L. Dried Total Extract, H. Koyu, M.Z. Haznedaroglu Jul 2020

Investigation Of Impact Of Storage Conditions On Hypericum Perforatum L. Dried Total Extract, H. Koyu, M.Z. Haznedaroglu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Hypericum perforatum L. (Hypericaceae) has been widely prescribed for mild to moderate depression following the release of promising results in clinical trials. However, it is known that its constituents may be affected by milieu. The stability complexities of the constituents of H. perforatum have gained interest in recent years. The aim of the present study was to examine the impact of storage conditions on H. perforatum total extract simultaneously under different storage conditions. Temperature, humidity, and light conditions were evaluated. Comparative analyses of methanol extracts were conducted using high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection for chlorogenic acid, rutin, hyperoside, isoquercitrin, …

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Alleviative Effects Of Litchi (Litchi Chinensis Sonn.) Flower On Lipid Peroxidation And Protein Degradation In Emulsified Pork Meatballs, Y. Ding, S.-Y. Wang, D.-J. Yang, M.-H. Chang, Y.-C. Chen Jul 2020

Alleviative Effects Of Litchi (Litchi Chinensis Sonn.) Flower On Lipid Peroxidation And Protein Degradation In Emulsified Pork Meatballs, Y. Ding, S.-Y. Wang, D.-J. Yang, M.-H. Chang, Y.-C. Chen

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

To avoid or retard the lipid peroxidation of meat products, antioxidants are commonly added. Considering the safety and health of additives in meat products, consumers prefer natural antioxidants rather than synthetic ones. Gentisic acid and epicatechin were identified as the major phenolic acid and flavonoid, respectively, of litchi flowers (LFs). The physicochemical properties of pork meatballs with or without dried LF powders (0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5%, w/w) and tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ; 0.01%, w/w) were analyzed during a 4-week frozen storage period. LF and TBHQ decreased (p < 0.05) thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) values but increased (p < 0.05) thiol group contents in meatballs. LF added to meatballs improved (p < 0.05) texture and water-holding capacity (centrifugation/purge losses) more than in the control group upon the storage. Although LF powders made meatballs redder and darker (p < 0.05) than the control and TBHQ groups, they did not affect the preference of panelists. The addition of 0.5% LF powders exhibited the best (p < 0.05) overall sensory panel acceptance. LFs may be an effective natural antioxidant to reduce lipid and protein oxidation for frozen cooked meat products. © 2015, Food and Drug Administration, Taiwan. Published by Elsevier Taiwan LLC. All rights reserved.

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Dynamics Of Phytoestrogen, Isoflavonoids, And Its Isolation From Stems Of Pueraria Lobata (Willd.) Ohwi Growing In Democratic People's Republic Of Korea, S.-C. Mun, G.-S. Mun Jul 2020

Dynamics Of Phytoestrogen, Isoflavonoids, And Its Isolation From Stems Of Pueraria Lobata (Willd.) Ohwi Growing In Democratic People's Republic Of Korea, S.-C. Mun, G.-S. Mun

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Four isoflavonoids were isolated from stems of Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi growing in Democratic People's Republic of Korea and identified as daidzein (1), genistin (2), daidzin (3), and puerarin (4), structures, which were elucidated by means of spectroscopic analysis. Isoflavonoids were isolated using silica gel chromatography and purified with organic solvents. Isoflavonoid contents in P. lobata were determined using reliable high-performance liquid chromatography. The results indicated that the contents of puerarin and genistin in the roots are higher than those in the stems (6.19% and 0.04% vs. 1.15% and 0.02%), whereas the stems have higher contents of daidzin and daidzein …

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Application Of Polymeric Nanoparticles And Micelles In Insulin Oral Delivery, M.S. Alai, W.J. Lin, S.S. Pingale Jul 2020

Application Of Polymeric Nanoparticles And Micelles In Insulin Oral Delivery, M.S. Alai, W.J. Lin, S.S. Pingale

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Diabetes mellitus is an endocrine disease in which the pancreas does not produce sufficient insulin or the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces. Insulin therapy has been the best choice for the clinical management of diabetes mellitus. The current insulin therapy is via subcutaneous injection, which often fails to mimic the glucose homeostasis that occurs in normal individuals. This provokes numerous attempts to develop a safe and effective noninvasive route for insulin delivery. Oral delivery is the most convenient administration route. However, insulin cannot be well absorbed orally because of its rapid enzymatic degradation in the gastrointestinal tract. …

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Effects Of Aqueous Extract Of Ruta Graveolens And Its Ingredients On Cytochrome P450, Uridine Diphosphate (Udp)-Glucuronosyltransferase, And Reduced Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (Phosphate) (Nad(P)H)-Quinone Oxidoreductase In Mice, Y.-F. Ueng, C.-C. Chen, Y.-L. Huang, I.-J. Lee, C.-H. Yun, Y.-H. Chen, C.-C. Huang Jul 2020

Effects Of Aqueous Extract Of Ruta Graveolens And Its Ingredients On Cytochrome P450, Uridine Diphosphate (Udp)-Glucuronosyltransferase, And Reduced Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (Phosphate) (Nad(P)H)-Quinone Oxidoreductase In Mice, Y.-F. Ueng, C.-C. Chen, Y.-L. Huang, I.-J. Lee, C.-H. Yun, Y.-H. Chen, C.-C. Huang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Ruta graveolens (the common rue) has been used for various therapeutic purposes, including relief of rheumatism and treatment of circulatory disorder. To elucidate the effects of rue on main drug-metabolizing enzymes, effects of an aqueous extract of the aerial part of rue and its ingredients on cytochrome P450 (P450/CYP), uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glucuronosyltransferase, and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate) (NAD(P)H):quinone oxidoreductase were studied in C57BL/6JNarl mice. Oral administration of rue extract to males increased hepatic Cyp1a and Cyp2b activities in a dose-dependent manner. Under a 7-day treatment regimen, rue extract (0.5 g/kg) induced hepatic Cyp1a and Cyp2b activities and protein levels …

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Synthesis And Phototoxicity Of Isomeric 7,9-Diglutathione Pyrrole Adducts: Formation Of Reactive Oxygen Species And Induction Of Lipid Peroxidation, L. Ma, H. Zhao, Q. Xia, L. Cai, P.P. Fu Jul 2020

Synthesis And Phototoxicity Of Isomeric 7,9-Diglutathione Pyrrole Adducts: Formation Of Reactive Oxygen Species And Induction Of Lipid Peroxidation, L. Ma, H. Zhao, Q. Xia, L. Cai, P.P. Fu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are hepatotoxic, genotoxic, and carcinogenic in experimental animals. Because of their widespread distribution in the world, PA-containing plants are probably the most common poisonous plants affecting livestock, wildlife, and humans. Upon metabolism, PAs generate reactive dehydro-PAs and other pyrrolic metabolites that lead to toxicity. Dehydro-PAs are known to react with glutathione (GSH) to form 7-GSH-(+/-)-6,7-dihydro-7-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-5H-pyrrolizine (7-GS-DHP) in vivo and in vitro and 7,9-diGS-DHP in vitro. To date, the phototoxicity of GS-DHP adducts has not been well studied. In this study, we synthesized 7-GS-DHP, a tentatively assigned 9-GS-DHP, and two enantiomeric 7,9-diGS-DHP adducts by reaction of dehydromonocrotaline with …

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Electrochemical Determination Of Paraquat In Citric Fruit Based On Electrodeposition Of Silver Particles Onto Carbon Paste Electrode, A. Farahi, M. Achak, Gaini L. El, Mhammedi M.A. El, M. Bakasse Jul 2020

Electrochemical Determination Of Paraquat In Citric Fruit Based On Electrodeposition Of Silver Particles Onto Carbon Paste Electrode, A. Farahi, M. Achak, Gaini L. El, Mhammedi M.A. El, M. Bakasse

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Carbon paste electrodes (CPEs) modified with silver particles present an interesting tool in the determination of paraquat (PQ) using square wave voltammetry. Metallic silver particle deposits have been obtained via electrochemical deposition in acidic media using cyclic voltammetry. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction measurements show that the silver particles are deposited onto carbon surfaces in aggregate form. The response of PQ with modified electrode (Ag-CPE) related to Ag/CP loading, preconcentration time, and measuring solution pH was investigated. The result shows that the increase in the two cathodic peak currents (Peak 1 and Peak 2), under optimized conditions, was linear …

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Formulation Of Essential Oil-Loaded Chitosan-Alginate Nanocapsules, D. Natrajan, S. Srinivasan, K. Sundar, A. Ravindran Jul 2020

Formulation Of Essential Oil-Loaded Chitosan-Alginate Nanocapsules, D. Natrajan, S. Srinivasan, K. Sundar, A. Ravindran

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Naturally occurring polymers such as alginate (AL) and chitosan (CS) are widely used in biomedical and pharmaceutical fields in various forms such as nanoparticles, capsules, and emulsions. These polymers have attractive applications in drug delivery because of their biodegradability, biocompatibility, and nontoxic nature. The pharmaceutical applications of essential oils such as turmeric oil and lemongrass oil are well-known, and their active components, ar-turmerone and citral, respectively, are known for their antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, antimutagenic, and anticarcinogenic properties. However, these essential oils are unstable, volatile, and insoluble in water, which limits their use for new formulations. Therefore, this study focuses on …

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Sweet Potato Leaf Extract Inhibits The Simulated In Vitro Gastrointestinal Digestion Of Native Starch, T.L. Jeng, Y.C. Chiang, C.C. Lai, T.C. Liao, S.Y. Lin, T.C. Lin, J.M. Sung Jul 2020

Sweet Potato Leaf Extract Inhibits The Simulated In Vitro Gastrointestinal Digestion Of Native Starch, T.L. Jeng, Y.C. Chiang, C.C. Lai, T.C. Liao, S.Y. Lin, T.C. Lin, J.M. Sung

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Several studies have reported the therapeutic use of caffeoylquinic acid (CQA) derivatives in the management of hyperglycemia. This study used a simulated in vitro gastrointestinal digestion model to assess the inhibitory effects of CQA derivatives-rich sweet potato leaf extract (SPLE) and a commercially produced green coffee bean extract (GCBE), each with total polyphenols contents of 452 mg g-1 and 278 mg g-1, respectively, against starch digestion. The changes in the amounts of total polyphenols and total CQA derivatives during in vitro gastrointestinal digestion were also examined. The results indicated that both extracts contained substantial levels of CQA derivatives (136 mg …

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The Implementation Of A Hazard Analysis And Critical Control Point Management System In A Peanut Butter Ice Cream Plant, Y.-T. Hung, C.-T. Liu, I.-C. Peng, C. Hsu, R.-C. Yu, K.-C. Cheng Jul 2020

The Implementation Of A Hazard Analysis And Critical Control Point Management System In A Peanut Butter Ice Cream Plant, Y.-T. Hung, C.-T. Liu, I.-C. Peng, C. Hsu, R.-C. Yu, K.-C. Cheng

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

To ensure the safety of the peanut butter ice cream manufacture, a Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) plan has been designed and applied to the production process. Potential biological, chemical, and physical hazards in each manufacturing procedure were identified. Critical control points for the peanut butter ice cream were then determined as the pasteurization and freezing process. The establishment of a monitoring system, corrective actions, verification procedures, and documentation and record keeping were followed to complete the HACCP program. The results of this study indicate that implementing the HACCP system in food industries can effectively enhance food safety …

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A Review On The Analysis Of Ingredients With Health Care Effects In Health Food In Taiwan, P.-W. Wu Jul 2020

A Review On The Analysis Of Ingredients With Health Care Effects In Health Food In Taiwan, P.-W. Wu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

This review article discusses the analysis of ingredients with health care effects in health food in Taiwan. The top 10 items on the list of registered health food products up to 2014 in Taiwan are described, including monocolin K, ω-3 fatty acids (eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid), β-glucans, inulin, catechins, oligosaccharides, resistant maltodextrin, amino acids, medium chain fatty acids, and polysaccharides. Some analytical methods for the analysis of ingredients with health care effects are announced to the public on the website of health food section of the Taiwan Food and Drug Administration for the application and the postmarket surveillance of …

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Anthocyanin-Rich Tea Sunrouge Upregulates Expressions Of Heat Shock Proteins In The Gastrointestinal Tract Of Icr Mice: A Comparison With The Conventional Tea Cultivar Yabukita, A. Murakami, A. Nesumi, M. Maeda-Yamamoto, H. Yamaguchi, K. Yashima, M. Miura, T. Nakano, K. Nekoshima Jul 2020

Anthocyanin-Rich Tea Sunrouge Upregulates Expressions Of Heat Shock Proteins In The Gastrointestinal Tract Of Icr Mice: A Comparison With The Conventional Tea Cultivar Yabukita, A. Murakami, A. Nesumi, M. Maeda-Yamamoto, H. Yamaguchi, K. Yashima, M. Miura, T. Nakano, K. Nekoshima

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Sunrouge is an anthocyanin-rich, new tea cultivar that contains similar levels of catechins as Yabukita, the most popular tea cultivar consumed in Japan. Interestingly, Sunrouge preparations have previously been shown to have more pronounced acetylcholinesterase inhibitory and anticolitis activities than those of Yabukita. In this study, we examined their effects on expressions of self-defensive molecules, including heat shock proteins (HSPs), which are molecular chaperones involved in homeostasis and longevity. Hot water extract from freeze-dried Sunrouge significantly upregulated messenger RNA (mRNA) expressions of HSP40, HSP70, and HSP32 (heme oxygenase-1), with grades greater than those shown by Yabukita. Oral administration of freeze-dried …

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Effect Of Storage Time On Metabolite Profile And Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity Of Cosmos Caudatus Leaves - Gcms Based Metabolomics Approach, N. Javadi, F. Abas, A. Mediani, Hamid A. Abd, A. Khatib, S. Simoh, K. Shaari Jul 2020

Effect Of Storage Time On Metabolite Profile And Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity Of Cosmos Caudatus Leaves - Gcms Based Metabolomics Approach, N. Javadi, F. Abas, A. Mediani, Hamid A. Abd, A. Khatib, S. Simoh, K. Shaari

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Cosmos caudatus, which is a commonly consumed vegetable in Malaysia, is locally known as "Ulam Raja". It is a local Malaysian herb traditionally used as a food and medicinal herb to treat several maladies. Its bioactive or nutritional constituents consist of a wide range of metabolites, including glucosinolates, phenolics, amino acids, organic acids, and sugars. However, many of these metabolites are not stable and easily degraded or modified during storage. In order to investigate the metabolomics changes occurring during post-harvest storage, C. caudatus samples were subjected to seven different storage times (0 hours, 2 hours, 4 hours, 6 hours, 8 …

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Effects Of Extracts From Gynura Bicolor (Roxb. & Willd.) Dc. On Iron Bioavailability In Rats, C.-C. Wu, W.-L. Chang, C.-H. Lu, Y.-P. Chang, J.-J. Wang, S.-L. Hsieh Jul 2020

Effects Of Extracts From Gynura Bicolor (Roxb. & Willd.) Dc. On Iron Bioavailability In Rats, C.-C. Wu, W.-L. Chang, C.-H. Lu, Y.-P. Chang, J.-J. Wang, S.-L. Hsieh

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Gynura bicolor (Roxb. & Willd.) DC. is widely distributed in certain areas of Asia and is very popular in vegetarian cuisine in Taiwan. This study investigates the effects of G. bicolor extracts with different polarities of 80 mg/kg body weight (BW) G. bicolor alcohol extract, 80 mg/kg BW G. bicolor water extract, and 80 mg/kg BW G. bicolor ether extract on Fe bioavailability using the hemoglobin repletion efficiency assay. Wistar rats were assigned to five groups: a group receiving an iron-deficient (ID) diet; a group receiving an ID diet supplemented with ferrous sulfate (20 mg Fe/kg BW); and three groups …

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Simultaneous Determination Of Some Common Food Dyes In Commercial Products By Digital Image Analysis, M.-H. Sorouraddin, M. Saadati, F. Mirabi Jul 2020

Simultaneous Determination Of Some Common Food Dyes In Commercial Products By Digital Image Analysis, M.-H. Sorouraddin, M. Saadati, F. Mirabi

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

A simple and relatively fast image-analysis method using digital images, obtained with a flatbed scanner, has been described. The method was used for the simultaneous determination of four common food dyes, namely, carmoisine, brilliant blue, sunset yellow, and quinoline yellow, in binary mixtures in commercial products without a need for any prior separation steps. The results obtained were validated against a standard high-performance liquid chromatography method and a good agreement was obtained. The parameters affecting the experimental results were optimized. Under the optimal conditions, the method provided acceptable linear ranges (20-250 mg/L) with correlation coefficients higher than 0.998, suitable precision …

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Effective Extraction Method Through Alkaline Hydrolysis For The Detection Of Starch Maleate In Foods, C.-F. Tsai, G.-Y. Wu, C.-H. Kuo, Y.-W. Lin, C.-H. Chang, S.-H. Tseng, Y.-M. Kao, L.-C. Chiueh, T.-J. Lu, D.Y.-C. Shih Jul 2020

Effective Extraction Method Through Alkaline Hydrolysis For The Detection Of Starch Maleate In Foods, C.-F. Tsai, G.-Y. Wu, C.-H. Kuo, Y.-W. Lin, C.-H. Chang, S.-H. Tseng, Y.-M. Kao, L.-C. Chiueh, T.-J. Lu, D.Y.-C. Shih

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

A high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed for the determination of maleic acid which was released from starch maleate (SM) through the alkaline hydrolysis reaction. The proper alkaline hydrolysis conditions and LC separation are reported in this study. The starch samples were treated with 50% methanol for 30 minutes, and then hydrolyzed by 0.5N KOH for 2 hours to release maleic acid. A C18 column and gradient mobile phase consisting of 0.1% phosphoric acid and methanol at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/minute were used for separation. The method showed a good linearity in the range of 0.01-1.0 ìg/mL, …

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Recent Developments In Blood Glucose Sensors, H.-C. Wang, A.-R. Lee Jul 2020

Recent Developments In Blood Glucose Sensors, H.-C. Wang, A.-R. Lee

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Diabetes has recently become a leading cause of death worldwide. To date, although there is no means to cure or prevent diabetes, appropriate medication and blood sugar monitoring can enhance treatment efficiency, alleviate the symptoms, and diminish the complications of the condition. This review article deals with current growth areas in the market for blood glucose sensors and possible future alternatives, which are generally considered to be the point sample test and the continuous glucose monitor (CGM). Most glucose sensors are enzyme-based, whereas others are enzyme-free. The former class is sensitive and some products are extensively employed for daily self-sensing …

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Effects Of Enzymatic Extraction On Anthocyanins Yield Of Saffron Tepals (Crocos Sativus) Along With Its Color Properties And Structural Stability, L. Lotfi, A. Kalbasi-Ashtari, M. Hamedi, F. Ghorbani Jul 2020

Effects Of Enzymatic Extraction On Anthocyanins Yield Of Saffron Tepals (Crocos Sativus) Along With Its Color Properties And Structural Stability, L. Lotfi, A. Kalbasi-Ashtari, M. Hamedi, F. Ghorbani

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

An aqueous solution of Pectinex (containing cellulase, hemicellulase, and pectinase) at 1%, 2.5%, 5%, 7%, and 10% concentrations and 40°C was used to extract anthocyanins (Acys) of saffron tepals at 20, 40, 60, 120 and 180 min reaction times and compared with ethanol solvent under similar conditions. The Acys of the Pectinex solution reached 6.7 mg/g of tepal powder (∼40% more than the ethanol method) when the enzyme concentrations and extraction times were, respectively, 5% and 60 min. The Acys of aqueous enzymes had three times slower degradation rates and 50% more attractive chroma color than the ones recovered by …

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The Effects Of Methadone Maintenance Treatment On Heroin Addicts With Response Inhibition Function Impairments: Evidence From Event-Related Potentials, L. Yang, Q. Xu, S. Li, X. Zhao, L. Ma, Y. Zheng, J. Zhang, Y. Li Jul 2020

The Effects Of Methadone Maintenance Treatment On Heroin Addicts With Response Inhibition Function Impairments: Evidence From Event-Related Potentials, L. Yang, Q. Xu, S. Li, X. Zhao, L. Ma, Y. Zheng, J. Zhang, Y. Li

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Response inhibition has been a core issue in addictive behavior. Many previous studies have found that response inhibition abilities are damaged in those with drug dependence. However, whether heroin addicts who are treated with methadone maintenance have an abnormal response inhibition ability is not clear. In order to investigate the response inhibition functions in heroin addicts who were treated with methadone maintenance, electroencephalography (EEG) was used to examine 14 heroin addicts treated with methadone maintenance (HDM), 17 heroin addicts (HD), and 18 healthy controls (HC) in an equiprobability Go-NoGo task. The reaction times (RTs) for the Go stimuli in the …

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Simultaneous Determination Of 2 Aconitum Alkaloids And 12 Ginsenosides In Shenfu Injection By Ultraperformance Liquid Chromatography Coupled With A Photodiode Array Detector With Few Markers To Determine Multicomponents, A.-H. Ge, J. Li, S. Donnapee, Y. Bai, J. Liu, J. He, E.-W. Liu, L.-Y. Kang, X.-M. Gao, Y.-X. Chang Jul 2020

Simultaneous Determination Of 2 Aconitum Alkaloids And 12 Ginsenosides In Shenfu Injection By Ultraperformance Liquid Chromatography Coupled With A Photodiode Array Detector With Few Markers To Determine Multicomponents, A.-H. Ge, J. Li, S. Donnapee, Y. Bai, J. Liu, J. He, E.-W. Liu, L.-Y. Kang, X.-M. Gao, Y.-X. Chang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

A method with few markers to determine multicomponents was established and validated to evaluate the quality of Shenfu injection by ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled with a photodiode array detector. The separations were performed on an ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 (2.1 × 50 mm2, 1.7 μm) column. Methanol and 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution were used as the mobile phase. The flow rate was 0.3 mL/min. 2 aconitum alkaloids and 12 ginsenosides could be perfectly separated within 15 minutes. Ginsenoside Rg1 and benzoylmesaconine, the easily available active components, were employed as the maker components to calculate the relative correction factors of …

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Hepatoprotective Effects Of Kaempferol 3-O-Rutinoside And Kaempferol 3-O-Glucoside From Carthamus Tinctorius L. On Ccl4-Induced Oxidative Liver Injury In Mice, Y. Wang, C. Tang, H. Zhang Jul 2020

Hepatoprotective Effects Of Kaempferol 3-O-Rutinoside And Kaempferol 3-O-Glucoside From Carthamus Tinctorius L. On Ccl4-Induced Oxidative Liver Injury In Mice, Y. Wang, C. Tang, H. Zhang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) is a traditional medicinal and edible herb with a long history of use in China. In this study, a model of hepatotoxicity induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in mice was used to investigate the hepatoprotective effects of kaempferol 3-O-rutinoside (K-3-R) and kaempferol 3-O-glucoside (K-3-G), two kaempferol glycosides isolated from C. tinctorius L. K-3-R and K-3-G, at doses of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg, were given orally to male mice once/d for 7 days before they received CCl4 intraperitoneally. Our results showed that K-3-R and K-3-G treatment increased the level of total protein (TP) and prevented the …

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Reactivity And Stability Of Selected Flavor Compounds, M. Weerawatanakorn, J.-C. Wu, M.-H. Pan, C.-T. Ho Jul 2020

Reactivity And Stability Of Selected Flavor Compounds, M. Weerawatanakorn, J.-C. Wu, M.-H. Pan, C.-T. Ho

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Flavor is the most important aspect of food. Based on the complex matrix of the food system and the flavor structure themselves, one important factor that plays a key role in the quality attribute of food is flavor stability. Not surprisingly, there is a large volume of published research investigating the stability of different food flavor compounds, since understanding flavor stability is crucial to creating greater awareness of dietary flavor application. This review presents a variety of factors that are thought to be involved in the stability of several selected important flavor compounds and the approach to improve the stability …

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Ca2+ And Aminoguanidine On Γ-Aminobutyric Acid Accumulation In Germinating Soybean Under Hypoxia-Nacl Stress, R. Yang, Y. Guo, S. Wang, Z. Gu Jul 2020

Ca2+ And Aminoguanidine On Γ-Aminobutyric Acid Accumulation In Germinating Soybean Under Hypoxia-Nacl Stress, R. Yang, Y. Guo, S. Wang, Z. Gu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a nonproteinous amino acid with some benefits on human health, is synthesized by GABA-shunt and the polyamine degradation pathway in plants. The regulation of Ca2+ and aminoguanidine on GABA accumulation in germinating soybean (Glycine max L.) under hypoxia-NaCl stress was investigated in this study. Exogenous Ca2+ increased GABA content significantly by enhancing glutamate decarboxylase gene expression and its activity. Addition of ethylene glycol tetra-acetic acid into the culture solution reduced GABA content greatly due to the inhibition of glutamate decarboxylase activity. Aminoguanidine reduced over 85% of diamine oxidase activity, and 33.28% and 36.35% of GABA content in …

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Physicochemical Properties Of Terminalia Catappa Seed Oil As A Novel Dietary Lipid Source, S. Janporn, C.-T. Ho, V. Chavasit, M.-H. Pan, S. Chittrakorn, K. Ruttarattanamongkol, M. Weerawatanakorn Jul 2020

Physicochemical Properties Of Terminalia Catappa Seed Oil As A Novel Dietary Lipid Source, S. Janporn, C.-T. Ho, V. Chavasit, M.-H. Pan, S. Chittrakorn, K. Ruttarattanamongkol, M. Weerawatanakorn

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Terminalia catappa Linn (TC) is an ornamental tree planted extensively in many countries. It has been known for a long time that the seeds are edible but no research has focused on the realm of its use as food. Our previous data showed that the seed contains high levels of oil content (600 g/kg) and possesses the optimum fatty acid balance indicated in fat dietary guidelines. This study aims to investigate the physical and chemical properties and the possibility of using TC seed oil as a new dietary lipid. The effects of extraction conditions, partial refining process, and storage stability …

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Amino Substituted Nitrogen Heterocycle Ureas As Kinase Insert Domain Containing Receptor (Kdr) Inhibitors: Performance Of Structure-Activity Relationship Approaches, H. Yilmaz, N. Sizochenko, B. Rasulev, A. Toropov, Y. Guzel, V. Kuz'min, D. Leszczynska, J. Leszczynski Jul 2020

Amino Substituted Nitrogen Heterocycle Ureas As Kinase Insert Domain Containing Receptor (Kdr) Inhibitors: Performance Of Structure-Activity Relationship Approaches, H. Yilmaz, N. Sizochenko, B. Rasulev, A. Toropov, Y. Guzel, V. Kuz'min, D. Leszczynska, J. Leszczynski

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

A quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) study was performed on a set of amino-substituted nitrogen heterocyclic urea derivatives. Two novel approaches were applied: (1) the simplified molecular input-line entry systems (SMILES) based optimal descriptors approach; and (2) the fragment-based simplex representation of molecular structure (SiRMS) approach. Comparison with the classic scheme of building up the model and balance of correlation (BC) for optimal descriptors approach shows that the BC scheme provides more robust predictions than the classic scheme for the considered pIC50 of the heterocyclic urea derivatives. Comparison of the SMILES-based optimal descriptors and SiRMS approaches has confirmed good performance of …

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Development And Validation Of A High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography Method For The Determination Of Cholesterol Concentration, J. John, A. Reghuwanshi, U.K. Aravind, C.T. Aravindakumar Jul 2020

Development And Validation Of A High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography Method For The Determination Of Cholesterol Concentration, J. John, A. Reghuwanshi, U.K. Aravind, C.T. Aravindakumar

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

An accurate, sensitive, precise, reliable, and quick method for the determination of cholesterol content by high-performance thin layer chromatography is developed. In this method, aluminum-backed precoated silica gel 60 F254 plates were used as the stationary phase and the samples were sprayed with the help of CAMAG sample applicator Linomat 5. The chromatogram was developed with the mobile phase consisting of chloroform:methanol (9.5:0.5, v/v). The samples were detected using CAMAG Scanner 4 and evaluated using the method developed on winCATS software. Densitometric analysis of cholesterol was performed in absorbance mode at 200 nm. In this solvent system, cholesterol gave a …

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Analysis Of Major Antioxidants From Extracts Of Myrmecodia Pendans By Uv/Visible Spectrophotometer, Liquid Chromatography/Tandem Mass Spectrometry, And High-Performance Liquid Chromatography/Uv Techniques, A.M. Engida, S. Faika, B.T. Nguyen-Thi, Y.-H. Ju Jul 2020

Analysis Of Major Antioxidants From Extracts Of Myrmecodia Pendans By Uv/Visible Spectrophotometer, Liquid Chromatography/Tandem Mass Spectrometry, And High-Performance Liquid Chromatography/Uv Techniques, A.M. Engida, S. Faika, B.T. Nguyen-Thi, Y.-H. Ju

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

In the present work, heat reflux extraction with ethanol/water (80:20; v/v) as the solvent was used to extract antioxidants from Myrmecodia pendans. The crude extract (CE) was fractionated using hexane and ethyl acetate. Ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) and aqueous fraction were collected. Antioxidant activity against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl-radical radical and ferric reducing power of the CE, EAF, and aqueous fraction were evaluated. EAF showed comparable antioxidant activity against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl-radical radical and ferric reducing power to those of the CE. UV/visible, liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization/tandem mass spectrometry, and high-performance liquid chromatography were employed for identifying the major antioxidant compounds in the EAF. Three major …

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