Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutics Commons™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Toxicology

Institution
Keyword
Publication Year
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 361 - 390 of 1074

Full-Text Articles in Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutics

Significance Of Regulation Limits In Mycotoxin Contamination In Asia And Risk Management Programs At The National Level, N. Anukul, K. Vangnai, W. Mahakarnchandkul Jul 2020

Significance Of Regulation Limits In Mycotoxin Contamination In Asia And Risk Management Programs At The National Level, N. Anukul, K. Vangnai, W. Mahakarnchandkul

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Mycotoxins are the secondary metabolites produced from toxigenic fungi recognized as major food and feed contaminants. They are a source of grave concern in food contamination, resulting in mycotoxicosis in humans and animals. To date, many regulations on the allowable levels of each mycotoxin have been established in several countries. Consumers and food producers expect that toxin contamination in food and feed, based on government regulations and guideline levels, should have no adverse consequences on human and animal health. This review is an extension of the discussions during the international seminar entitled Risk Assessment and Risk Management of Mycotoxins/or Food …

Go to article

Beyond-Use Date Of Extemporaneous Morphine Hydrochloride Oral Solution, C.-Y. Lin, L.-J. Shen, C.-F. Huang, H.-L. Yang, Y.-J. Chen, F.-L.L. Wu Jul 2020

Beyond-Use Date Of Extemporaneous Morphine Hydrochloride Oral Solution, C.-Y. Lin, L.-J. Shen, C.-F. Huang, H.-L. Yang, Y.-J. Chen, F.-L.L. Wu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Hospital pharmacists prepare morphine oral solution extemporaneously in Taiwan because of the unavailability of commercial products. According to the United States Pharmacopeia 〈795〈, extemporaneous oral solution has an expiration of 14 days if there is no stability test data. However, outpatients usually need 4-week medications. The purpose of this study was to determine the beyond-use date of extemporaneous morphine hydrochloride (HCl) oral solution. Extemporaneous 0.1% morphine HCl oral solutions were prepared in an International Organization for Standardization (ISO) Class 8 compounding room, and bottled in 500-mL high-density polyethylene (HDPE) bottles with polypropylene caps. Twelve bottles were divided into 2 groups …

Go to article

Systemic And Brain Bioavailabilities Of D-Phenylglycine-L-Dopa, A Sustained Dopamine-Releasing Prodrug, C.-L. Wang, Y.-B. Fan, S.-E. Lee, J.-F. Lian, J.-P. Liou, H.-P. Wang Jul 2020

Systemic And Brain Bioavailabilities Of D-Phenylglycine-L-Dopa, A Sustained Dopamine-Releasing Prodrug, C.-L. Wang, Y.-B. Fan, S.-E. Lee, J.-F. Lian, J.-P. Liou, H.-P. Wang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

D-Phenylglycine-L-Dopa (D-PhG-L-Dopa), designed as a dipeptide mimetic prodrug of dopamine, has been proven to have 31-fold higher oral bioavailability than L-Dopa in rats. To further investigate if this dipeptide enters the brain, a single-dose pharmacokinetic study by i.v. administration, in comparison with L-Dopa, was conducted to monitor brain availability. The dopamine level in the brain was also determined. The results indicated that both D-PhG-L-Dopa and L-Dopa entered the brain rapidly (Tmax 1 minute) with similar degrees of penetration (AUCbrain/AUCplasma 8.83% vs. 7.61%). As D-PhG-L-Dopa had higher systemic exposure than L-Dopa (AUC plasma 23.79 μmol·min/mL vs. 12.09 μmol·min/mL), it thus had …

Go to article

Evaluation Of Das™ Kits For The Detection Of Food-Borne Pathogens In Chicken- And Meat-Based Street-Vended Foods, L.S. Manguiat, T.J. Fang Jul 2020

Evaluation Of Das™ Kits For The Detection Of Food-Borne Pathogens In Chicken- And Meat-Based Street-Vended Foods, L.S. Manguiat, T.J. Fang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The PCR-based method has gained acceptability as an alternative method for assessing the microbial safety of foods. In this study, the performance of PCR-based DNA Amplification System™ (DAS™) detection kits, namely, E. coli DAS™, S. aureus DAS™, E. coli O157:H7 DAS™ and Salmonella DAS™, were compared with reference methods in detecting the pathogens Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella spp. in 130 naturally- and artificially-contaminated chicken and meat-based grilled and fried street food samples. E. coli DAS™ displayed very good agreement with the reference method with a kappa value of 0.92 in chicken-based samples. S. aureus DAS™ …

Go to article

Correlations Of The Components Of Tea Tree Oil With Its Antibacterial Effects And Skin Irritation, C.-J. Lee, L.-W. Chen, L.-G. Chen, T.-L. Chang, C.-W. Huang, M.-C. Huang, C.-C. Wang Jul 2020

Correlations Of The Components Of Tea Tree Oil With Its Antibacterial Effects And Skin Irritation, C.-J. Lee, L.-W. Chen, L.-G. Chen, T.-L. Chang, C.-W. Huang, M.-C. Huang, C.-C. Wang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Tea tree oil (TTO), the essential oil of Melaleuca alternifolia L., is one of the most popular agents used in cosmetics. This study aimed to explore the correlations of components in TTO with its anti-acne activities and skin irritation. TTOs were isolated from the leaves (TTO-L), twigs, and branches of M. alternifolia by steam distillation, and the components analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Results showed that components of TTO-L satisfied the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 4730 guidelines. TTO-L and its components, terpinen-4-ol, terpinolene, α-terpinene, and α-terpineol, had strong inhibitory activities against Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus aureus. Moreover, six TTO …

Go to article

Studies On The Extraction Of Pumpkin Components And Their Biological Effects On Blood Glucose Of Diabetic Mice, H. Jin, Y.-J. Zhang, J.-X. Jiang, L.-Y. Zhu, P. Chen, J. Li, H.-Y. Yao Jul 2020

Studies On The Extraction Of Pumpkin Components And Their Biological Effects On Blood Glucose Of Diabetic Mice, H. Jin, Y.-J. Zhang, J.-X. Jiang, L.-Y. Zhu, P. Chen, J. Li, H.-Y. Yao

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Pumpkin crude extract (PCE) was extracted from pumpkin powder with water and 95% ethanol at 60°C. Several components were isolated and further purified by solvents purification and dialysis as well as column chromatography. The anti-diabetic activities of the hypoglycemic components extracted from pumpkin were identified using diabetic model mice which were induced by alloxan intraperitoneal injection. The diabetic mice were treated with pumpkin extracts by intraperitoneal injection at dosages of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight. Blood samples for glucose assays were taken from the diabetic mice before injection and 4, 7 and 11 hours after injection. The results …

Go to article

Status Of Management Of Controlled Drugs In Taiwan: Inspection During 2002-2011, C.-J. Chang, M.-H. Wu, M.-T. Hsieh, Y.-L. Hsieh, W.-I. Tsay Jul 2020

Status Of Management Of Controlled Drugs In Taiwan: Inspection During 2002-2011, C.-J. Chang, M.-H. Wu, M.-T. Hsieh, Y.-L. Hsieh, W.-I. Tsay

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The three major United Nations international drug control conventions set a supportive and complementary system to effectively control the production (manufacture), trafficking and abuse of drugs. In response to the spirit of the United Nations drug control treaties, Taiwan has instituted a framework of classification administration and license issuance. There is also circulation control for managing the diversion of controlled drugs from pharmaceutical plants and medical institutions, as well as the use of controlled drugs among pharmaceutical and medical professionals under the Controlled Drugs Act. Most of the controlled drug registration licenses and prescription licenses issued by the Taiwan Food …

Go to article

Chromatographic Analysis Of Ivabradine On Polar, Nonpolar And Chemically Modified Adsorbents By Hptlc, P. Pikul, J. Nowakowska, K. Ciura Jul 2020

Chromatographic Analysis Of Ivabradine On Polar, Nonpolar And Chemically Modified Adsorbents By Hptlc, P. Pikul, J. Nowakowska, K. Ciura

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) was used to evaluate the behavior of ivabradine in various chromatographic systems. The mobile phases used were aqueous (methanol-water and acetonitrile-water) and non-aqueous (methanol-acetonitrile and methanol-dimethyl sulfoxide) in a wide range of concentrations (0-100%, v/v). The stationary phases used were high-performance TLC plates: Kieselgel 60 F254 S, RP-2 F254 S, RP-8 F254 S, RP-18 F254 S, RP-18 WF254 S, Kieselgel 60 CN F254 S, Kieselgel 60 Diol F254 S, and Kieselgel 60 NH2 F254 S; and TLC plates: aluminum oxide 150 F254, cellulose F, and polyamide 11 F254. The usefulness of various mobile and stationary phases in …

Go to article

Pharmacist-Directed Reconciliation For Reducing Medication Discrepancies: A Pilot Study In A Nursing Home Setting In Taiwan, C.-N. Kuo, Y.-M. Lin, M.-T. Wu, L.-N. Kuo, L.-W. Lee, H.-Y. Chen Jul 2020

Pharmacist-Directed Reconciliation For Reducing Medication Discrepancies: A Pilot Study In A Nursing Home Setting In Taiwan, C.-N. Kuo, Y.-M. Lin, M.-T. Wu, L.-N. Kuo, L.-W. Lee, H.-Y. Chen

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Nursing home residents are at risk for medication errors when being transferred between wards. Medication reconciliation is a process used to verify medication use, identify variations and rectify medication errors during transitions. This pilot study was performed to evaluate a pharmacist-directed medication-reconciliation program in a nursing home setting. The number and types of discrepancies 3 months before (the control period) and after (the study period) implementation of a medication-reconciliation program were compared. A pharmacist performed medication reconciliation and discussed discrepancies with care providers in the study period. There were 190/209 (90.9%) and 220/266 (82.7%) documented discrepancies during the control and …

Go to article

Development And Application Of Tuf Gene-Based Pcr And Pcr-Dgge Methods For The Detection Of 16 Bifidobacterium Species, S.-J. Sheu, H.-C. Chen, C.-K. Lin, W.-H. Lin, Y.-C. Chiang, W.-Z. Hwang, H.-Y. Tsen Jul 2020

Development And Application Of Tuf Gene-Based Pcr And Pcr-Dgge Methods For The Detection Of 16 Bifidobacterium Species, S.-J. Sheu, H.-C. Chen, C.-K. Lin, W.-H. Lin, Y.-C. Chiang, W.-Z. Hwang, H.-Y. Tsen

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

A total of 16 Bifidobacterium species were assayed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) methods targeted on a 770-bp region of the tuf gene. Based on this sequence, a genus-specific primer set and 12 primer sets for 12 Bifidobacterium species including those previously reported for six probiotic species were developed. On the other hand, when these 16 Bifidobacterium species were subjected to PCR-DGGE analysis, 13 product migration patterns were obtained. PCR products for strains in pairs of B. adolescentis/B. thermophilum, B. longum/B. magnum and B. lactis/B. gallinarum migrated the same distance on the DGGE gel. …

Go to article

Determination Of Serum Atorvastatin Concentrations In Lipid-Controlling Patients With And Without Myalgia Syndrome, Y.-C. Chou, Y.-K. Wang, M.-J. Charng, Y.-F. Ueng Jul 2020

Determination Of Serum Atorvastatin Concentrations In Lipid-Controlling Patients With And Without Myalgia Syndrome, Y.-C. Chou, Y.-K. Wang, M.-J. Charng, Y.-F. Ueng

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The cholesterol-reducing drug atorvastatin is widely used in hyperlipidemic patients and it is crucial to consider its potential myotoxic effect when adjusting the prescription for patients. The aim of this study was to establish a simple high-performance liquid chromatography method that would be applicable for the quantitative determination of high serum atorvastatin concentrations in patients for the assessment of myalgia. The average recovery of atorvastatin from the extraction using ethyl acetate was 85.1%. The extract was dried, re-dissolved in methanol, and subjected to chromatographic separation using a reverse-phase C18 analytical column and a mobile phase consisting of 61.3% methanol in …

Go to article

Analysis Of Free And Bound Formaldehyde In Squid And Squid Products By Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, T.-S. Yeh, T.-C. Lin, C.-C. Chen, H.-M. Wen Jul 2020

Analysis Of Free And Bound Formaldehyde In Squid And Squid Products By Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, T.-S. Yeh, T.-C. Lin, C.-C. Chen, H.-M. Wen

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Formaldehyde can be added illegally as a food preservative in addition to the endogenous formaldehyde that naturally occurs in aquatic products. In this study, formaldehyde was derivatized from 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine and analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to investigate free and reversibly bound formaldehyde in 10 squid and squid products. The results were compared to those obtained by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The limit of detection was 2.0 mg/kg. The total concentrations of free and reversibly bound formaldehyde were, on average, higher than the free formaldehyde concentration by 26.6 mg/kg. Free formaldehyde made up, on average, 39% of total free and reversibly …

Go to article

Development Of A Lc-Ms/Ms-Based Method For Determining Metolazone Concentrations In Human Plasma: Application To A Pharmacokinetic Study, Y.-A. Chen, K.-Y. Hsu Jul 2020

Development Of A Lc-Ms/Ms-Based Method For Determining Metolazone Concentrations In Human Plasma: Application To A Pharmacokinetic Study, Y.-A. Chen, K.-Y. Hsu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

In this study, a method was developed and validated for the quantification of metolazone in human plasma samples. This method involves high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry and is more sensitive, selective and rapid than currently available methods. Chromatography was performed using a Phenomenex® Luna C18 column (100 mm x 2.0 mm, 5 μm, 100 Å) with an isocratic mobile phase of 0.1% formic acid:acetonitrile (40:60, v/v) and zaleplon as an internal standard. The drug and internal standard were extracted by liquid-liquid extraction and analyzed by mass spectrometry in the multiple reaction monitoring mode by using m/z values …

Go to article

Effects Of Fermentation Treatment On Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activities Of Four Common Chinese Herbal Medicinal Residues By Aspergillus Oryzae, Y.-L. Wen, L.-P. Yan, C.-S. Chen Jul 2020

Effects Of Fermentation Treatment On Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activities Of Four Common Chinese Herbal Medicinal Residues By Aspergillus Oryzae, Y.-L. Wen, L.-P. Yan, C.-S. Chen

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The feasibility of using Aspergillus oryzae NCH 42, an extracellular tannase-producing fungus, for increasing the utilization of extraction residues of Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs) was evaluated in this study. Four types of CHMs, including Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim, Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge, Magnolia officinalis and Glycyrrhizae radix, were used. Their aqueous extraction residues were inoculated with A. oryzae NCH 42, and solid-state fermentation was performed for 5 days at 30 °C with a moisture content of 86% (ratio of solid to water 1:6, w/v). The methanolic extracts of fermentation products (F&M) were examined for their functional components and properties, such as total …

Go to article

Development And Validation Of A Uplc-Dad-Ms Method For Characterization And Quantification Of Alkaloids In Menispermi Rhizoma And Its Preparations, Y. Liu, X. Song, R. Yan, T. Li, X. Chai, A. Qi, Y. Wang, Z. Jiang Jul 2020

Development And Validation Of A Uplc-Dad-Ms Method For Characterization And Quantification Of Alkaloids In Menispermi Rhizoma And Its Preparations, Y. Liu, X. Song, R. Yan, T. Li, X. Chai, A. Qi, Y. Wang, Z. Jiang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Menispermi Rhizoma (MR), a well known traditional Chinese medicine, is widely used to prevent and treat sore throat, enteritis, dysentery and rheumatoid arthralgia clinically. However, many rhizomes of Chinese herbal medicines are mistaken as MR due to their similar appearance, which could affect MR quality and cause serious consequences for patients. To guarantee the quality of MR products, an ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-DAD-MS) method was established for the characterization of major active ingredients in MR and its preparations. By comparing their retention times and characteristic fragmentations with those of authentic compounds, nine alkaloids in MR were …

Go to article

Introduction To The Special Issue: Dietary Natural Compounds, M.-H. Pan Jul 2020

Introduction To The Special Issue: Dietary Natural Compounds, M.-H. Pan

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

[No abstract available]

Go to article

Clove (Syzygium Aromaticum) Ingredients Affect Lymphocyte Subtypes Expansion And Cytokine Profile Responses: An In Vitro Evaluation, S.P. Dibazar, S. Fateh, S. Daneshmandi Jul 2020

Clove (Syzygium Aromaticum) Ingredients Affect Lymphocyte Subtypes Expansion And Cytokine Profile Responses: An In Vitro Evaluation, S.P. Dibazar, S. Fateh, S. Daneshmandi

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) has been used in folk medicine in many disorders. The present work aimed to investigate effects of clove essential oil as eugenol and water soluble ingredients on mouse splenocytes. Clove extracts were harvested and in different concentrations (0.001-1000 μg/mL) were affected to splenocytes and also phytohemagglutinin (PHA = 5 μg/mL) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS = 10 μg/mL) activated splenocytes; then splenocytes proliferation assayed using the MTT ([3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl) -2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide]) method were done. On the culture supernatant interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL)-4, IL-10, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β cytokines were measured. Clove ingredients (100 μg/mL and 1000 …

Go to article

Total Nutritional Capacity And Inflammation Inhibition Effect Of Acalypha Alnifolia Klein Ex Wild - An Unexplored Wild Leafy Vegetable, R. Ponnusamy, P. Thangaraj Jul 2020

Total Nutritional Capacity And Inflammation Inhibition Effect Of Acalypha Alnifolia Klein Ex Wild - An Unexplored Wild Leafy Vegetable, R. Ponnusamy, P. Thangaraj

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Investigation of the nutritional as well as trace elements of a wild leafy vegetable, Acalypha alnifolia, and evaluation of the analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties of acetone and methanol leaf extracts are the main objectives of the present study. The powdered A. alnifolia leaf sample was subjected to nutritional and mineral analysis. Plant leaves were extracted (using the Soxhlet apparatus) as successive solvent extractions. The extract doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg of acetone and methanol extracts were used for pharmacology study. The analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic experiments were carried out by using animal models. The obtained result proves that …

Go to article

Determination Of L-Arginine Content In Radix Isatidis By A Composite Fluorescent Probe Of Pd (Ii), D. Cheng, H. Zhu Jul 2020

Determination Of L-Arginine Content In Radix Isatidis By A Composite Fluorescent Probe Of Pd (Ii), D. Cheng, H. Zhu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

In the presence of Britton-Robinson buffer solution (pH = 9.5) and surfactant of Tween-80, fluorescence intensity of calcein was quenched by Pd2+. However, the fluorescence intensity can be enhanced after adding a certain concentration of L-arginine, and the rate of the enhancement showed a good liner relationship with the added amount of L-arginine. We then established a fluorescence spectrometry for the determination of L-arginine. In addition, the linear range, along with detection limit, was different when the slit width changed. Thus, we could use a different slit width to meet our requirements according to the samples we treated. By testing …

Go to article

Binding Interactions Of Niclosamide With Serum Proteins, E. Maltas Jul 2020

Binding Interactions Of Niclosamide With Serum Proteins, E. Maltas

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

A study of the binding of niclosamide (NC) to serum proteins such as human serum albumin, hemoglobin, and globulin was carried out using fluorescence and UV-visible spectroscopy. Interactions between NC and these proteins were estimated by Stern-Volmer and van't Hoff equations. The binding constants and the thermodynamic parameters, ΔH, ΔS, and ΔG at different temperatures were also determined by using these equations. Data showed that NC may exhibit a static quenching mechanism with all proteins. The thermodynamic parameters were calculated. Data showed that van der Waals interactions and hydrogen bonds are the main forces for human serum albumin and hemoglobin. …

Go to article

Analytical Method Development And Validation Of Simultaneous Estimation Of Rabeprazole, Pantoprazole, And Itopride By Reverse-Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography, S.S. Perumal, S.P. Ekambaram, S. Raja Jul 2020

Analytical Method Development And Validation Of Simultaneous Estimation Of Rabeprazole, Pantoprazole, And Itopride By Reverse-Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography, S.S. Perumal, S.P. Ekambaram, S. Raja

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

A simple, selective, rapid, and precise reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method for the simultaneous estimation of rabeprazole (RP), pantoprazole (PP), and itopride (IP) has been developed. The compounds were well separated on a Phenomenex C18 (Luna) column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, dp = 5 μm) with C18 guard column (4 mm × 3 mm × 5 μm) with a mobile phase consisting of buffer containing 10 mM potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate (adjusted to pH 6.8): Acetonitrile (70:30 v/v) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min and ultraviolet detection at 288 nm. The retention time of RP, PP, and IP …

Go to article

Voltammetric Determination Of Chlorogenic Acid In Pharmaceutical Products Using Poly(Aminosulfonic Acid) Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode, M. Chao, X. Ma Jul 2020

Voltammetric Determination Of Chlorogenic Acid In Pharmaceutical Products Using Poly(Aminosulfonic Acid) Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode, M. Chao, X. Ma

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

In this work, a poly(aminosulfonic acid) modified glassy carbon electrode was fabricated and the electrochemical behavior of chlorogenic acid (CGA) was studied by cyclic voltammetry. Compared with a bare glassy carbon electrode, the modified electrode exhibits excellent catalytic effect on the electrochemical redox of CGA. Utilizing this catalytic effect, a sensitive and selective electrochemical method for the determination of CGA was developed. The analytical parameters were optimized. Under the optimized conditions, the oxidation peak current is linearly proportional to the concentration of CGA in the range from 4.00 × 10-7 to 1.20 × 10-5 mol/L and the detection limit is …

Go to article

Formulation And Evaluation Of Controlled-Release Of Telmisartan Microspheres: In Vitro/In Vivo Study, P.K. Gaur, S. Mishra, M. Bajpai Jul 2020

Formulation And Evaluation Of Controlled-Release Of Telmisartan Microspheres: In Vitro/In Vivo Study, P.K. Gaur, S. Mishra, M. Bajpai

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The aim of this work was to design a controlled-release drug-delivery system for the angiotensin-II receptor antagonist drug telmisartan. Telmisartan was encapsulated with different EUDRAGIT polymers by an emulsion solvent evaporation technique and the physicochemical properties of the formulations were characterized. Using a solvent evaporation method, white spherical microspheres with particle sizes of 629.9-792.1 μm were produced. The in vitro drug release was studied in three different pH media (pH 1.2 for 2 hours, pH 6.8 for 4 hours, and pH 7.4 for 18 hours). The formulations were then evaluated for their pharmacokinetic parameters. The entrapment efficiency of these microspheres …

Go to article

Electrochemistry And Determination Of Cefdinir By Voltammetric And Computational Approaches, I.H. Taşdemir Jul 2020

Electrochemistry And Determination Of Cefdinir By Voltammetric And Computational Approaches, I.H. Taşdemir

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The oxidation and reduction behavior of cefdinir (CEF) was studied by experimental methods and computational calculations at B3LYP/6-31+G (d)//AM1. Voltammetric studies were carried out based on two irreversible reduction peaks at approximately -0.5 and -1.2 V on a hanging mercury drop electrode (HMDE) and on one irreversible oxidation peak at approximately 1.0 V on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) versus Ag/AgCl, KCl (3.0M) in Britton-Robinson (BR) buffer at pH 4.2 and 5.0, respectively. Differential pulse adsorptive stripping voltammetric methods have been developed and validated for determination of CEF in different samples. The linear range was established as 0.25-40.0 μM for …

Go to article

Sulfur Compounds Identification And Quantification From Allium Spp. Fresh Leaves, L. Gîtin, R. Dinicə, C. Neagu, L. Dumitrascu Jul 2020

Sulfur Compounds Identification And Quantification From Allium Spp. Fresh Leaves, L. Gîtin, R. Dinicə, C. Neagu, L. Dumitrascu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Background Pyruvic acid concentration is a critical factor in determining Allium spp. pungency. This study was initiated to accurately measure the background pyruvic acid levels in Romanian Allium spp. From the pungency point of view, all analyzed plant varieties in this study are considered low pungent cultivars based on the enzymatically produced pyruvate level (between 42 μmol/g and 222 μmol/g fresh wt). Chromatographic analysis was carried out for the different varieties of the most popular fresh leaves (Allium cepa var. "Diamant", Allium cepa var. "Rubiniu", and Allium ursinum L.) in order to identify the sulfur compounds. The thin layer chromatography …

Go to article

Ionic Liquid-Based Hollow Fiber-Supported Liquid-Phase Microextraction Enhanced Electrically For The Determination Of Neutral Red, S.-R. Wang, S. Wang Jul 2020

Ionic Liquid-Based Hollow Fiber-Supported Liquid-Phase Microextraction Enhanced Electrically For The Determination Of Neutral Red, S.-R. Wang, S. Wang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

A method of ionic liquid-based hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction enhanced electrically was successfully developed and applied to the extraction and determination of neutral red (NR) dye, which was selected as the model analyte. A room temperature ionic liquid, 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([C8mim][PF6]), was placed in the pores of a polytetrafluoethylene hollow fiber, which acts as a liquid membrane and the acceptor solution. The extraction parameters affecting the enrichment factor of NR, such as pH, extraction time, elution time, stirring rate, and the voltage were optimized. In addition, UV-Visible (UV-Vis) or electrochemiluminescence spectra were also determined. The extraction rate and capacity of …

Go to article

Optimization Of Fermentation Process Of Cordyceps Militaris And Antitumor Activities Of Polysaccharides In Vitro, S. Yang, L. Jin, X. Ren, J. Lu, Q. Meng Jul 2020

Optimization Of Fermentation Process Of Cordyceps Militaris And Antitumor Activities Of Polysaccharides In Vitro, S. Yang, L. Jin, X. Ren, J. Lu, Q. Meng

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The influence of medium composition and cultural conditions on simultaneous yield of mycelia, intracellular polysaccharide, adenosine, and mannitol by Cordyceps militaris CGMCC 2909 was investigated with desirability functions in this study. An optimization strategy based on the desirability function approach, together with response surface methodology (RSM) has been used to optimize medium composition, and the optimal medium was obtained via the desirability as follows: yeast extract 10.33 g/L, sucrose 27.24 g/L, KH2PO4 5.60 g/L and the optimal culture conditions are initial pH 6, 25°C, rotation speed 150 r/minute, inoculum size 4%(v/v), and medium capacity 40 mL/250 mL. Under these conditions, …

Go to article

Application Of Ion Mobility Spectrometry For The Determination Of Tramadol In Biological Samples, A. Sheibani, N. Haghpazir Jul 2020

Application Of Ion Mobility Spectrometry For The Determination Of Tramadol In Biological Samples, A. Sheibani, N. Haghpazir

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

In this study, a simple and rapid ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) method has been described for the determination of tramadol. The operating instrumental parameters that could influence IMS were investigated and optimized (temperature; injection: 220 and IMS cell: 190°C, flow rate; carrier: 300 and drift: 600 mL/minute, voltage; corona: 2300 and drift: 7000 V, pulse width: 100 μs). Under optimum conditions, the calibration curves were linear within two orders of magnitude with R2 ≥ 0.998 for the determination of tramadol in human plasma, saliva, serum, and urine samples. The limits of detection and the limits of quantitation were between 0.1 …

Go to article

Linearity Study On Detection And Quantification Limits For The Determination Of Avermectins Using Linear Regression, R. Ismail, H.Y. Lee, N.A. Mahyudin, Bakar F. Abu Jul 2020

Linearity Study On Detection And Quantification Limits For The Determination Of Avermectins Using Linear Regression, R. Ismail, H.Y. Lee, N.A. Mahyudin, Bakar F. Abu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

In this study, linear relationships between response and concentration were used to estimate the detection limit (DL) and quantification limit (QL) for five avermectins: Emamectin, abamectin, doramectin, moxidectin, and ivermectin. Estimation of DL and QL was based on the standard deviation of residual and y-intercept of the regression line at low concentrations of avermectins, using the dispersive solid-phase extraction procedure. Avermectin extracts were analyzed using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Based on the regression slope, DL and QL were higher at concentrations of 0.3-0.4 μg/kg and 1 μg/kg, respectively, for all avermectin compounds. Linearity assessment was performed by linear regression, …

Go to article

Antioxidant Effects Of Camellia Sinensis L. Extract In Patients With Type 2 Diabetes, A. Spadiene, N. Savickiene, L. Ivanauskas, V. Jakstas, A. Skesters, A. Silova, H. Rodovicius Jul 2020

Antioxidant Effects Of Camellia Sinensis L. Extract In Patients With Type 2 Diabetes, A. Spadiene, N. Savickiene, L. Ivanauskas, V. Jakstas, A. Skesters, A. Silova, H. Rodovicius

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) has dramatically increased in the past decade. Furthermore, increasing evidence from research shows that oxidative stress (OS) plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of diabetes and in its complications. A search for ways to reduce oxidative damage has become the focus of interest for the majority of scientists. In this study, we determined the radical scavenging activity of single green tea constituents by using an on-line high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method and evaluated the antioxidant effects on type 2 diabetic patients by performing a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Epigallocatechin gallate was identified …

Go to article

First Prev Next Last