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2009

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Articles 61 - 87 of 87

Full-Text Articles in Pharmacology, Toxicology and Environmental Health

Ischemic Stroke In Type Ii Diabetic Mice: Deregulation Of Sdf-1a/Cxcr4 Axis, Avik Das Jan 2009

Ischemic Stroke In Type Ii Diabetic Mice: Deregulation Of Sdf-1a/Cxcr4 Axis, Avik Das

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a major risk factor for ischemic stroke. Also diabetes is associated with poor outcome after stroke. Underlying mechanisms are however not fully understood. Alteration in the expression of the SDF-1a/CXCR4 axis, which is important for ischemic tissue repair, can be a probable cause. In this study, we have determined the expression of SDF-1a/CXCR4 in the brains of type II diabetic mice at basal and in response to ischemic stroke and have investigated a method for overexpression of SDF-1a in the brains of the diabetic mice. Adult male C57BLKS/J mice (db/db) of age 8 weeks were …

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Effect Of Low-Dose Sarin Exposure On The Neurochemistry Of Different Brain Structures In Mice, Dhawal Pravin Oswal Jan 2009

Effect Of Low-Dose Sarin Exposure On The Neurochemistry Of Different Brain Structures In Mice, Dhawal Pravin Oswal

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Sarin (GB) is a toxic organophosphate (OP) nerve agent that was released in the Gulf War and was used in terrorist attacks in Japan. People who survive such attacks exhibit various long-term effects including alterations in neuropsychological performances. It has also been hypothesized that the Gulf War Illness could be a result of low level exposure to OP's. In order to understand the effect of low dose exposure to GB on physiological and behavioral functions, we analyzed the levels of monoamines and their metabolites in different brain areas after exposure of mice to a sublethal dose of GB. Mice (male …

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Impact Of Diabetes On Ace/Ace2 Balance And Angiotensin Ii Type 1 Receptor Expression In Db/Db Diabetic Mice, Malav Navinchandra Madhu Jan 2009

Impact Of Diabetes On Ace/Ace2 Balance And Angiotensin Ii Type 1 Receptor Expression In Db/Db Diabetic Mice, Malav Navinchandra Madhu

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Alterations in the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) are considered to be crucial for the development of diabetic complications like hypertension and nephropathy. Our previous work demonstrated role of AT1 receptors (AT1R) in the development of hypertension in db/db diabetic mice. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that there is upregulation of renal AT1R and imbalance in renal ACE/ACE2 homeostasis in db/db mice. In addition, we hypothesize that treatment with an anti-hyperglycemic or an AT1R blocker will correct this imbalance. Five week old control and db/db mice were housed in metabolic cages for 24 hour collection of urine. …

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Characterization Of Infectivity And Pathogenesis Of Partially Reconstructed 1918 And Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Viruses In The Balb/C Mouse Model, John Allen Pyles Jan 2009

Characterization Of Infectivity And Pathogenesis Of Partially Reconstructed 1918 And Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Viruses In The Balb/C Mouse Model, John Allen Pyles

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Influenza viruses are consistently responsible for an average of 20,000 deaths and 114,000 hospitalizations per year. To a great extent, these viruses always stay one step ahead of the available vaccines and people's immunity year after year because they have the ability to either mutate part of their genetic material, or to be transmitted from one species to another. That same genetic variability explains why highly pathogenic influenza viruses emerge that cause great mortality over several countries resulting in pandemics. Highly pathogenic strains of influenza A virus have emerged occasionally in recent history, producing pandemics such as the one in …

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Tcdd-Induced Modulation Of The Hs1,2 Enhancer Within The 3'Immunoglobulin Heavy Chain Regulatory Region, Tharu M. Fernando Jan 2009

Tcdd-Induced Modulation Of The Hs1,2 Enhancer Within The 3'Immunoglobulin Heavy Chain Regulatory Region, Tharu M. Fernando

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2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is a potent environmental toxin that inhibits immunoglobulin (Ig) gene expression in mice. Transcriptional regulation of the Ig heavy chain (IgH) involves the 3'IgH regulatory region (3'IgH RR). The murine 3'IgH RR consists of four enhancers (hs3A, hs1,2, hs3B, and hs4), which are homologous to the human 3'IgH RR enhancers (hs3, hs1,2, and hs4). In humans, a polymorphism of the hs1,2 enhancer, resulting in a varying number of tandem repeats of a 53 bp sequence, has been correlated with autoimmune diseases like IgA nephropathy and Celiac disease. The repeated sequence contains a kB and DRE binding site. Previous …

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Identification Of Potential Protein Biomarkers Of Low Level Kidney Degradation, Christopher Lee Woolard Jan 2009

Identification Of Potential Protein Biomarkers Of Low Level Kidney Degradation, Christopher Lee Woolard

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The purpose of this research was the identification of potential dose-dependent and time-dependent serum protein biomarkers of low level kidney degradation in a rat model. Potential biomarkers were evaluated based on differential protein expression between control and dosed samples in rat serum. Proteins of interest demonstrated upregulation at a minimum 1.5 fold increase in protein concentration control versus dosed sample. In order to identify common biomarkers of kidney decrement, three nephrotoxins were chosen to target specific locations of the kidney: 1) D-Serine, which causes necrosis of the proximal straight tubules, 2) Puromycin, an antibiotic that degrades the Glomerular Basement Membrane …

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Novel Neuroprotectants For Sarin Plus Cbdp Induced Convulsions, Kaushal V. Joshi Jan 2009

Novel Neuroprotectants For Sarin Plus Cbdp Induced Convulsions, Kaushal V. Joshi

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Sarin, also known as Sarin (German agent B) is classified as a weapon of mass destruction. Sarin (O-isopropyl methyl phosphonofluoridate) is a highly toxic nerve agent originally produced for chemical warfare and has been used in terrorist activities. Sarin is an extremely potent acetylcholinesterase inhibitor with high specificity and affinity for the enzyme. High sarin doses causes death due to anoxia resulting from airway obstruction, weakness of the muscles of respiration, respiratory failure and convulsions. Current treatments are still not effective at protecting against long term effects following exposure. A current approach aims to counteract the increased glutamatergic and cholinergic …

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A Discourse On The Public Nature Of Research In Contemporary Life Science: A Law-Policy Proposal To Promote The Public Nature Of Science In An Era Of Academia-Industry Integration, Michael J. Malinowski Jan 2009

A Discourse On The Public Nature Of Research In Contemporary Life Science: A Law-Policy Proposal To Promote The Public Nature Of Science In An Era Of Academia-Industry Integration, Michael J. Malinowski

Journal Articles

This article addresses the impact of integration of academia, industry, and government on the public nature of research. The article concludes that, while the integration has benefited science immensely, regulatory measures should be taken to restore the public nature of research in an age of integration.

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Using The World Wide Web To Educate And Inform The Public About Risk And Agricultural Biotechnology, Douglas A. Golick, Robert D. Peterson, Leon G. Higley Jan 2009

Using The World Wide Web To Educate And Inform The Public About Risk And Agricultural Biotechnology, Douglas A. Golick, Robert D. Peterson, Leon G. Higley

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

The University of Nebraska and AgBios, Inc. launched the AgBiosafety website (http://agbiosaftzy.unl.edu) with the purpose of educating the public about agricultural biotechnology risk and safezy issues through science-based content. This article discusses the creation ofthe website, its components, and data gathered from usage statistics and a web-delivered survey. Also included is a discussion of the results ofdata gathered and recommendations for future web-based educational efforts in biotechnology safety and risk assessment.

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Ecological Models In Support Of Regulatory Risk Assessments Of Pesticides: Developing A Strategy For The Future [Short Communication], Valery E. Forbes, Udo Hommen, Pernille Thorbek, Fred Heimbach, Paul J. Van Den Brink, Jörn Wogram, Hans-Hermann Thulke, Volker Grimm Jan 2009

Ecological Models In Support Of Regulatory Risk Assessments Of Pesticides: Developing A Strategy For The Future [Short Communication], Valery E. Forbes, Udo Hommen, Pernille Thorbek, Fred Heimbach, Paul J. Van Den Brink, Jörn Wogram, Hans-Hermann Thulke, Volker Grimm

Valery Forbes Publications

This brief communication reports on the main findings of the LEMTOX workshop, held from September 9 to 12,2007, at the Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ) in Leipzig, Germany. The workshop brought together a diverse group of stakeholders from academia, regulatory authorities, contract research organizations, and industry, representing Europe, the United States, and Asia, to discuss the role of ecological modeling in risk assessments of pesticides, particularly under the European regulatory framework. The following questions were addressed: What are the potential benefits of using ecological models in pesticide registration and risk assessment? What obstacles prevent ecological modeling from being used …

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The Amphipod Orchomenella Pinguis — A Potential Bioindicator For Contamination In The Arctic, Lis Bach, Valery E. Forbes, Ingela Dahllöf Jan 2009

The Amphipod Orchomenella Pinguis — A Potential Bioindicator For Contamination In The Arctic, Lis Bach, Valery E. Forbes, Ingela Dahllöf

Valery Forbes Publications

Indigenous organisms can be used as bioindicators for effects of contaminants, but no such bioindicator has been established for Arctic areas. Orchomenella pinguis is a benthic amphipod, ubiquitous in the Arctic and can be found in high numbers. We collected O. pinguis at sites with different contamination levels. Population characteristics (body length distribution, average dry weight and amphipod organic content) were related to sediment contaminant concentrations, in order to identify suitable endpoints for using this species as a bioindicator. We show that O. pinguis was prevalent in both clean and contaminated areas, easy to sample and that its population characteristics …

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Evaluating Acute Toxicity Of Cadmium To Chironomid Using Hemoglobin As A Molecular Biomarker, Jun Taek Oh Jan 2009

Evaluating Acute Toxicity Of Cadmium To Chironomid Using Hemoglobin As A Molecular Biomarker, Jun Taek Oh

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

Effects of cadmium (Cd), a heavy metal contaminant, on hemoglobin were investigated in aquatic midge fly larvae of the Family, Chironomidae. In this study, chironomid populations from one polluted site, Kearny Marsh, New Jersey, two reference sites, North East Creek, and Bass Harbor, ME, and a laboratory population were taxonomically identified and tested for their sensitivity to Cd. Heavy metals in tissue, water and sediment were analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. Water quality at each site was assessed by measuring pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), oxidation-reduction potential ( eH), salinity and temperature. Hemoglobin proteins in individual larvae were easily detected using …

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Reflection Contributions To The Dispersion Artefact In Ftir Spectra Of Single Biological Cells., Paul Bassan, Hugh Byrne, Joe Lee, Franck Bonnier, Colin Clarke, Paul Dumas, Ehsan Gazi, Michael Brown, Noel Clarke, Peter Gardner Jan 2009

Reflection Contributions To The Dispersion Artefact In Ftir Spectra Of Single Biological Cells., Paul Bassan, Hugh Byrne, Joe Lee, Franck Bonnier, Colin Clarke, Paul Dumas, Ehsan Gazi, Michael Brown, Noel Clarke, Peter Gardner

Articles

Fourier transform infrared spectra of a single cell in transflection geometry are seen to vary significantly with position on the cell, showing a distorted derivative-like lineshape in the region of the optically dense nucleus. A similar behaviour is observable in a model system of the protein albumin doped in a potassium bromide disk. It is demonstrated that the spectrum at any point is a weighted sum of the sample reflection and transmission and that the dominance of the reflection spectrum in optically dense regions can account for some of the spectral distortions previously attributed to dispersion artefacts. Rather than being …

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Flavonoid Glycosides From The Leaves Of Uvaria Rufa With Advanced Glycation End-Products Inhibitory Activity, Khanittha Deepralard, Kazuko Kawanishi, Masataka Moriyasu, Thitima Pengsuparp, Rutt Suttisri Jan 2009

Flavonoid Glycosides From The Leaves Of Uvaria Rufa With Advanced Glycation End-Products Inhibitory Activity, Khanittha Deepralard, Kazuko Kawanishi, Masataka Moriyasu, Thitima Pengsuparp, Rutt Suttisri

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Prolonged hyperglycemia in diabetic patients leads to the formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) in their body tissues, which contribute to the development and progression of diabetic complications and aging. Preliminary screening of the eth...

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Biomaterial As Nanobiopharmaceuticals, Murugan Veerapandian, Mohana Marimuthu, Kyu-Sik Yun, Sanghyo Kim Jan 2009

Biomaterial As Nanobiopharmaceuticals, Murugan Veerapandian, Mohana Marimuthu, Kyu-Sik Yun, Sanghyo Kim

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

The development of wide spectrum of drug delivery systems is fundamental importance to change the establishment of disease diagnosis, treatment and prevention. The fusion technologies of material science and nanomedicine have emerged as a new alternative...

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Evaluation Of Antityrosinase And Antioxidant Activities Of Raphanus Sativus Root: Comparison Between Freeze-Dried Juice And Methanolic Extract, Rattanamanee Jakmatakul, Rutt Suttisri, Parkpoom Tengamnuay Jan 2009

Evaluation Of Antityrosinase And Antioxidant Activities Of Raphanus Sativus Root: Comparison Between Freeze-Dried Juice And Methanolic Extract, Rattanamanee Jakmatakul, Rutt Suttisri, Parkpoom Tengamnuay

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Two types of extracts (freeze-dried juice and methanolic extract) from the root of Thai radish (Raphanus sativus L.) were evaluated for antityrosinase and antioxidant activities to determine their potential as a skin-whitening and anti-aging agent in cos...

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Downstreaming And Purification Of Lovastatin From Monascus Purpureus Culture, Ajaz Ahmad, Bibhu Prasad, Shamshir Khan, Mohd. All, Saleem Javed Jan 2009

Downstreaming And Purification Of Lovastatin From Monascus Purpureus Culture, Ajaz Ahmad, Bibhu Prasad, Shamshir Khan, Mohd. All, Saleem Javed

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Lovastatin, an inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase was produced using M onascus purpureus strain. A new extraction procedure was applied which yielded 737mg of lovastatin per liter of synthetic medium from in to to culture. Purification of extracted lovastati...

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Pharmaceutically Equivalent Parenteral Depot Suspension Of Methyl Prednisolone Acetate, A. Alam, J. Ali, A. Ahuja, S. Baboota, S.K. Gidwani, Y.S. Bhide, F. Shakeel Jan 2009

Pharmaceutically Equivalent Parenteral Depot Suspension Of Methyl Prednisolone Acetate, A. Alam, J. Ali, A. Ahuja, S. Baboota, S.K. Gidwani, Y.S. Bhide, F. Shakeel

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

The aim of the present study was to formulate and evaluate pharmaceutically equivalent injectable aqueous suspension for parenteral depot of methyl prednisolone acetate (MPA). Various aqueous suspensions were prepared by rapid stirring and colloid millin...

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Glutathione S-Transferase Polymorphisms And Risk Of Bladder Cancer In Thais, Kannika Pradubkaew, Pornpen Pramyothin, Chanin Limwongse, Payiarat Suwannasri, Anunchai Assawamakin Jan 2009

Glutathione S-Transferase Polymorphisms And Risk Of Bladder Cancer In Thais, Kannika Pradubkaew, Pornpen Pramyothin, Chanin Limwongse, Payiarat Suwannasri, Anunchai Assawamakin

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

In this study, we determine the association of glutathione S-transferase Mu-1 gene (G STM1), glutathione S-transferase Pi-1 gene (GSTP1) and glutathione S-transferase Theta-1 gene (GSTT1) polymorphisms and the risk of bladder cancer in Thais. One hundred...

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Acute Oral Toxicity Studies Of Antipsoriatic Herbal Mixture Comprising Of Aqueous Extracts Of Calendula Officinalis, Momordica Charantia, Cassia Tora And Azadirachta Indica Seed Oil, Roopashree Ts, Raman Dang, Shobha Rani Rh, Narendra C Jan 2009

Acute Oral Toxicity Studies Of Antipsoriatic Herbal Mixture Comprising Of Aqueous Extracts Of Calendula Officinalis, Momordica Charantia, Cassia Tora And Azadirachta Indica Seed Oil, Roopashree Ts, Raman Dang, Shobha Rani Rh, Narendra C

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Aqueous extracts of Calendula officinalis, Momordica charantia, Cassia tora and A zadirachta indica seed oil have been used individually for treating skin diseases such as psoriasis in traditional system of medicine. Though the individual herbal extracts...

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Effects Of The Standard Extract Of Centella Asiatica (Eca233) On Rat Hepatic Cytochrome P450, Kornphimol Kulthong, Mayuree H., Nuansri Niwattisaiwong, Khemchat Apipalakul, Songpol Chevapat, Somsong Lawanprasert Jan 2009

Effects Of The Standard Extract Of Centella Asiatica (Eca233) On Rat Hepatic Cytochrome P450, Kornphimol Kulthong, Mayuree H., Nuansri Niwattisaiwong, Khemchat Apipalakul, Songpol Chevapat, Somsong Lawanprasert

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Centella asiatica (L.) Urban (Umbelliferae) has been used traditionally in various diseases. The aim of this study was to examine subchronic effects of the standard extract of c. asiatica (ECa233) on hepatic xenobiotic/drug metabolizing enzymes, particul...

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Floating Matrix Tablets Of Domperidone: Formulation And Optimization Using Simplex Lattice Design, Shailesh T. Prajapati, Laxmanbhai D., Chhaganbhai N. Patel Jan 2009

Floating Matrix Tablets Of Domperidone: Formulation And Optimization Using Simplex Lattice Design, Shailesh T. Prajapati, Laxmanbhai D., Chhaganbhai N. Patel

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

One method of achieving sustained drug release is by the use of hydrophilic polymeric excipients directly compressed with active ingredients into tablets. Hydrophilic polymers swell in the presence of water to form hydrogel structures from which drugs ar...

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Screening Of Antifungal Activities Of Barks Of Cinnamomum Species, M. Maridass Jan 2009

Screening Of Antifungal Activities Of Barks Of Cinnamomum Species, M. Maridass

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Antifungal activity of the essential oil from Cinnamomum species have been evaluated in this present study. Essential oils were collected through hydro distillation for 4 h from barks of C. sulphuratum, C. walaiwarense, C. travancoricum and C. malabatrum...

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Effects Of Longan Seed Extract On Scopolamine-Induced Learning And Memory Deficit In Mice, Nattanan Losuwannarak, Cholatit Pasadhika, Mayuree H. Tantisira, Boonyong Tantisira Jan 2009

Effects Of Longan Seed Extract On Scopolamine-Induced Learning And Memory Deficit In Mice, Nattanan Losuwannarak, Cholatit Pasadhika, Mayuree H. Tantisira, Boonyong Tantisira

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Longan (Euphoria longana) seed is a traditional Chinese medicinal plant which has been claimed to have positive effect on deficit in learning and memory. In this study, the effects of crude ethanolic extracts of longan seed on learning and memory impairm...

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Simultaneous Spectrophotometric Determination Of Carbidopa And Levodopa By Partial Least Squares Regression, Principal Component Regression And Least Squares Support Vector Machine Methods, Kuldeep Kaur, Ashok Kumar, Baldev Singh, M. Godarzi Jan 2009

Simultaneous Spectrophotometric Determination Of Carbidopa And Levodopa By Partial Least Squares Regression, Principal Component Regression And Least Squares Support Vector Machine Methods, Kuldeep Kaur, Ashok Kumar, Baldev Singh, M. Godarzi

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Three chemometric methods; partial least squares regression (PLS), principal component regression (PCR) and least-squares support vector machines (LS-SVM) were applied for simultaneous determination of carbidopa and levodopa in synthetic mixtures and rea...

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Author Index, Keyword Index, N/A Jan 2009

Author Index, Keyword Index, N/A

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

No abstract provided.

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First Approaches To Standard Protocols And Reference Materials For The Assessment Of Potential Hazards Associated With Nanomaterialss, Gordon Chambers, Hugh Byrne, Iseult Lynch, Micheal Riediker, Hans Bouwmeester, Hans Marvin, Alan Casey, Markus Berges, Martin Clift, Teresa Fernandez, Lise Fjellsbo, Lucienne Juillerat, Gert Roebben, Christoph, Klein, Qinglan Wu, Vince Hackley, Jean-Pierre Kaiser, Wolfganag Kreyling, Michael Garner, Peter Hatto,, Kenneth Dawson Jan 2009

First Approaches To Standard Protocols And Reference Materials For The Assessment Of Potential Hazards Associated With Nanomaterialss, Gordon Chambers, Hugh Byrne, Iseult Lynch, Micheal Riediker, Hans Bouwmeester, Hans Marvin, Alan Casey, Markus Berges, Martin Clift, Teresa Fernandez, Lise Fjellsbo, Lucienne Juillerat, Gert Roebben, Christoph, Klein, Qinglan Wu, Vince Hackley, Jean-Pierre Kaiser, Wolfganag Kreyling, Michael Garner, Peter Hatto,, Kenneth Dawson

Articles

All new technologies have an inherent risk, which is typically assessed alongside the development of applications of the technology. This is also the case for nanotechnology: a key concern in the case of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) is that due to their very small size, NMs can reach areas such as the cell that are inaccessible to other materials, such as implants and drugs. As a result of their large surface area, NMs may be more reactive than other larger materials. The large physical and chemical variability of NMs, and the fact that small changes can have large consequences, mean that …

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