Pharmacology, Toxicology and Environmental Health Commons^™

Amphiphilic Cell-Penetrating Peptides Containing Natural And Unnatural Amino Acids As Drug Delivery Tools And Antimicrobial Agents, David Salehi

Pharmaceutical Sciences (MS) Theses

Cell-penetrating peptides containing arginine as positively charged residues and tryptophan or diphenylalanine as hydrophobic residues were synthesized. The synthesis was accomplished through the Fmoc solid-phase peptide synthesis in the presence of HBTU and DIPEA. The side-chain protected linear peptides were cleaved from the resin and cyclized in the presence of DIC and HOAt in the solution phase overnight. MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry was used to characterize the peptides.

The cytotoxicity of the synthesized peptides was determined in CCRF-CEM (human, lymphoblast peripheral blood), and HEK-293 (human, embryonic epithelial kidney healthy) cells using the MTS assay. A concentration of 10 µM was found …

Investigating Lifespan And Legacy Health Effects Of Developmental Exposure To Environmental Toxicants, Danielle Meyer

Wayne State University Dissertations

The environmental presence of toxicants such as persistent organic pollutants, heavy metals, and contaminants of emerging concern is estimated to contribute to over 2 million deaths worldwide and health care costs ranging from ~3-9% of total global expenditures yearly. Many of the above toxicants are classified as endocrine-disrupting chemicals capable of interfering with endogenous hormonal function at environmentally relevant levels. Exposures during sensitive developmental windows can lead to reproductive, neurodevelopmental, and metabolic dysfunction that can last across the lifespan and/or be passed down to future generations. Such long-term effects remain to be well-understood; therefore, we modeled the effects of various …

Science-Based Regulation Of Pharmacological Substances In Competition Horses, Jacob Machin

Theses and Dissertations--Toxicology and Cancer Biology

Current testing methodologies within equine forensic toxicology focus on arbitrary thresholds and zero-tolerance policy. Modern analytical chemistry’s limits of detection are low enough that oftentimes femtogram-per-milliliter amounts of a substance can readily be identified in both blood and urine of a horse. For most pharmacologically relevant compounds, these concentrations have no relevance to pharmacological effect. It is therefore crucial that testing methodologies to determine appropriate thresholds and cut-offs be developed that are driven by biological activity rather than arbitrary limits of detection. This dissertation looks to address this by suggesting a system of calculated Effective Plasma Concentrations by which a …

Investigation Of Sodium Laurylglucosides Hydroxypropyl Sulfonate Through Response Surface Methodology – Effects Of Amphoteric Surfactant And Electrolyte, Phantira Uongpitakpan, Jutarat Kitsongsermthon

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

The goal of this research was to investigate the effect of electrolyte and an amphoteric surfactant on the viscosity, foamability, and foam stability of sodium laurylglucosides hydroxypropyl sulfonate (SLHS), a new anionic surfactant. Different concentrations of cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB, 0–6% w/w) and sodium chloride (NaCl, 0–3% w/w) were added into 10% w/w SLHS solution. Each formulation was evaluated for its viscosity using a viscometer, whereas the foamability and foam stability were measured using the cylinder shaking method and analyzed by response surface methodology. The result demonstrated that an increased viscosity of the mixture resulted with an increased NaCl concentration over …

Prospective Process Validation For The Manufacture Of Ketoprofen Fast Dissolving Tablets, Mariam Omari, P. Rashmi, G.S. Shantha Kumar, Pratiksha Patil, Arijit Das

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

As validation is an integral part of current good manufacturing practice, nowadays, it is practiced in all pharmaceutical industries to assure that the manufacturing process is in control and products of high quality are obtained. Building of quality needs attention in the manufacturing process, from the raw materials to finalized product. The current research work is to perform prospective process validation for the manufacture of ketoprofen fast dissolving tablets (FDT) of 50 mg dose. Various trials and challenge studies were done to finalize critical process parameters. Three consecutive batches of ketoprofen FDT with the same batch size, procedure, equipment, and …

Alpinia Galanga Extract Induces Senescence In Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2-Overexpressing Breast Cancer Cells, Riris Istighfari Jenie, Ragil Anang Santoso, Irfani Aura Salsabila, Nadzifa Nugraheni, Edy Meiyanto

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Background: Alpinia galanga L. (galangal) is a widely known spice in Southeast Asia. A previous study indicated that its active compounds might effectively inhibit (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 [HER2])-overexpressing breast cancer cell proliferation. Objective: Our study aimed to investigate the antiproliferation activity of galangal extract (GE) on HER2- overexpressing breast cancer cells by analyzing GE cytotoxicity and its mechanism of action. Materials and Methods: We used HCC1954 cell line as a model. We observed the effect of GE (10–200 μg/mL) on cell growth using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. The modulation of GE on cell cycle, apoptosis, and the intracellular …

Synthesis, In Silico Analysis And Antidepressant Activity Of Pyrazoline Analogs, Natasha Naval Aggarwal, Banylla Felicity Dkhar Gatphoh, M. Vijay Kumar, Sawan Ghetia, B. C. Revanasiddappa

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Objective: This study is undertaken to design and synthesize new pyrazoline derivatives and to evaluate their antidepressant efficacy by in silico and in vivo studies. Materials and Methods: The title compounds pyrazoline derivatives (PY1-PY9) were yielded by the cyclization of chalcones (C1-C9) with phenylhydrazine HCl in glacial acetic acid. FT-IR, 1H-NMR, and mass spectral data established the structures of the newly synthesized compounds. In silico analysis was carried out using Schrodinger 2018-3 suite device Maestro and docked to the binding site of Human MAO-A enzyme (2Z5X). In vivo antidepressant study was performed by tail suspension method and forced swimming test. …

Quality By Design (Qbd): Principles, Underlying Concepts, And Regulatory Prospects, B.G.V.S. Jagan, P. Narasimha Murthy, Anjan Kumar Mahapatra, Ruchita Kumari Patra

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

In the past decades, with substantial growth of pharmaceutical companies and the need in enhancement of quality paradigms, adoption of systematic science based technologies was an inherent demand of regulatory agencies and one such technology is quality by design (QbD). The approved interrelated International Council on Harmonization of Technical Requirements for pharmaceuticals for Human Use guidelines, Q8 (pharmaceutical development), Q9 (quality risk management [QRM]), and Q10 (pharmaceutical quality system) drove the path in successful implementation of QbD. The primary focus of this article is made in delivering the underlying concepts that lead in framing of seven vital elements of QbD. …

Validated Ultra-Performance Chromatographic Method For Simultaneous Determination Of Andrographolide And Its Four Related Diterpenoids In Andrographis Paniculata Capsules, Jankana Burana-Osot, Panadda Phattanawasin, Uthai Sotanaphun, Chanokporn Sukonpan, Lawan Sriphong, Anchalee Kumsum

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Introduction: Andrographis paniculata contained many pharmacologically active diterpenoids. Objectives: A simple and rapid isocratic reverse phase chromatographic method was developed using UPLC for simultaneous determination of 5 diterpenoids; andrographolide, deoxyandrographiside, neoandrographolide, 14-deoxyandrographolide and 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide in A. paniculata capsules. Materials and Methods: The chromatographic separation was achieved on a Waters Acquity BEH C18, 50 × 2.1 mm, 1.7 μm column using mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and water in a ratio of 25:75 (v/v). The flow rate was 0.4 ml/min with a runtime of 12 min. The method was validated according to the regulatory guidelines with respect to specificity, linearity, precision, …

Synthesis And Evaluation Of Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Diacrylate-Modified Chitosan As A Mucoadhesive Polymer, Kwanputtha Arunprasert, Chaiyakarn Pornpitchanarong, Nitjawan Sahatsapan, Praneet Opanasopit, Prasopchai Patrojanasophon

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

This study aimed to synthesize a poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate-modified chitosan (CS-PEGDA) as a mucoadhesive polymer for transmucosal drug delivery. Chitosan-cysteine (Cys-CS) was synthesized by coupling chemistry. Cys-CS was then employed for the synthesis of CS-PEGDA through a thiol-ene click reaction between the thiol groups of Cys-CS and alkene groups of PEGDA using triethanolamine as an activator. The obtained structure of the synthesized polymer was proved using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The mucoadhesive capability of the synthesized polymer was examined by an ex vivo mucoadhesion test using a texture analyzer. The toxicity of synthesized …

Evaluation Of Volatile Constituents Of Fresh And Dried Herbals In Thai Traditional Compress Ball By Headspace Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry Technique, Prasan Tangyuenyongwatana, Napapan Pongpoungphet, Wandee Gritsanapan

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Introduction: There are two types of herbal compress balls, fresh and dried, which are normally used in combination with Thai traditional massage for relieving inflammation and pain. There is no comparing information about chemical compositions of these herbal compress balls. Objective: This research focused on analysis of chemical composition of two types of herbal compress balls using headspace (HS) gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) system at a temperature of 80°C. Methods: Each herbal compress sample, Cryptolepis dubia, Cymbopogon citratus, Tamarindus indica, Curcuma longa, Zingiber montanum, and Citrus hystrix, was placed in a HS vial at 80°C for 20 min, agitated at …

The Study Of Volatile Fractions Of Cabbage Leaves (Brassica Oleracea L. Convar. Capitata (L.) Alef. Var. Alba Dc.) And Determination Of Its Antibacterial And Antifungal Activity, Viktoriia Protska, Andriy Fedosov, Nadiia Burda, Oleksandr Dobrovolnyi, Moeen F. Dababneh, Marina Kuznetsova, Iryna Zhuravel, Liana Budanova

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Background: Along with a widespread application of cabbage as a food and fodder crop, it also possesses therapeutic properties. In traditional medicine, this plant is used in gastritis and gastric ulcer, colitis, diabetes, inflammations of upper airways, musculoskeletal system, disorders of cardiovascular system, and skin. Materials and Method: Using the method of gas chromatography, the component composition of cabbage leaves of Yaroslavna and Bilosnizhka cultivars was studied. Testing control strains of microorganisms were used for the determination of the antimicrobial activity of chloroform, ethyl acetate, and 96% ethanol extracts from cabbage cultivars leaves. Result: The general amount of volatile compounds …

Phytochemistry And Dna˗Based Authentication Of Medicinal Lasianthus Stipularis Blume (Rubiaceae) Species Against Human Pathogenic Bacteria, Tiwtawat Napiroon, Sutee Duangjai, Srunya Vajrodaya, Markus Bacher, Henrik Balslev, Wichai Santimaleeworagun

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Lasianthus stipularis Blume is a medicinal plant found in the tropical rainforests of peninsular Thailand and Malaysia. Its leaves are used in traditional medicine to treat a condition called “noise in the head” (i.e., ear infections). As such infections are often caused by Gram-negative bacteria; this species of Lasianthus may have antibacterial effects. In this study, we examined the non-polar fractions from the leaves and stem bark of L. stipularis using thin-layer chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The non-polar fractions exhibited a high coumarin content, while stem bark extracts showed a high concentration of 7-hydroxy-6-methoxycoumarin when isolated by column …

Cost–Benefit Analysis Of Psychiatric Pharmaceutical Care With Shared Decision-Making Intervention In Complicated Schizophrenic Patients, Charkkrit Hongthong, Nusaraporn Kessomboon

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the net benefits of psychiatric pharmaceutical care with shared decision-making (PCC-SDM) intervention in complicated schizophrenic patients for resolving drug-related problems (DRPs). Methods: Eligible inpatients for 3 months. Data were collected using an Integrated Hospital Medication Management with SDM (IHoMe-SDM) following PCC-SDM six steps: (1) data collection, (2) choice and option talk, (3) decision talk, (4) pharmaceutical care plan, (5) patients education, and (6) monitoring. Cost analysis was conducted by activity based costing. Economic evaluation was calculated as cost saving, cost avoidance, and net benefits with the view of health-care provider and reported in USD …

Effect Of Co2 Laser Irradiation On Eudragit® L100-55, L100, And S100 Coatings To Modify Drug Release, Varin Titapiwatanakun, Wanjing Li, Simon Gaisford, Abdul W. Basit

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

The aim of this work was to investigate the use of carbon dioxide (CO2) laser irradiation to modify three types of pH-dependent Eudragit® (L100-55, L100, and S100) enteric coats with the aim of modulating drug release kinetics from the tablet cores. CO2 laser irradiation causes rapid melting and resolidification/vaporization of materials locally and precisely through the absorption of infrared energy and so can potentially disrupt the barrier integrity and function of enteric coats. It was successfully utilized to shorten the lag time of drug release (T50% and T80%) during dissolution testing. These changes were mainly caused either by pore formation …

Determination Of Antioxidant Property Of Commercially Selling Borneo Plants By 2,2′-Azino-Di-(3-Ethylbenzthiazoline- 6-Sulfonic Acid) Free Radical Scavenging Assay, Sheba R. David, Nora Syahirah Sawal, Rajan Rajabalaya

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Background: Antioxidants from natural products are important to counter the effect of reactive oxygen species occur in chronic diseases and metabolic disorders. Objective: This study evaluated the antioxidant activities of the leaf extracts from three plants found in Brunei: Melastoma malabathricum (MM), Scurrula ferruginea (SF), and Clinacanthus nutans (CN). Methods: The plant leaves were collected from in Brunei Darussalam air-dried and pulverized into powder. The extracts obtained from Soxhlet, fractionation, and maceration were freeze-dried and the total antioxidant status was evaluated using 2,2′-azino-di-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) scavenging radical activities in vitro assay. Both MM and SF extracts exhibited promising antioxidant capabilities. Results: …

Short-Term Antenatal Corticosteroid Increases Risk Of Respiratory Morbidity In Late Preterm Infants, Nithipun Suksumek, Pithi Chanvorachote, Amuchou Soraisham, Abhay Lodha, Albert Akierman, Carlos Fajardo

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Background/Aim: Although antenatal corticosteroid (ANCS) is beneficial for preventing respiratory distress in preterm infants, the effect of ANCS on late preterm infants (LPI) is still unknown. This study aimed at investigating the effect of ANCS on respiratory morbidity of LPI. Materials and Methods: In matched cohort study, LPI of mothers who received ANCS (ANCS group) at 24–34 weeks of GA were matched with LPI of no ANCS (non-ANCS group) by gestational age and birth weight. Results: During 2 years, the ANCS group was 10.6% (191/1,810) in LPI and only 177 neonates met the criteria for inclusion and were ANCS group. …

An Updated Review: The Year 2020 And Coronavirus Disease-19 Pandemic, Kanwal Ashiq, Mayyda Asif Bajwa, Sana Ashiq, Mehwish Qayyum, Rabia Khokhar, Samreen Tanveer

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

The recent scenario with an outbreak of novel coronavirus has led to dramatic upsurge in mortality and morbidity rates all around the globe. The objective of consolidated article is to provide an updated insight on coronavirus disease (COVID-19) based on the current literature, and it is anticipated that it may serve as a perspective reference in future studies. Scopus, Science Direct, MEDLINE, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases were used to search the literature. For the current review, both research and review articles issued in the English language were considered. The mode of Corona virus disease transmission is through direct contact …

Group-Based Quantitative Structure And Activity Relationship On Benzothiazole Derivatives For Development Of Potent Anti-Cancer Compounds, Amit S. Tapkir, Sohan S. Chitlange, Ritesh P. Bhole

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

To develop potent anticancer compounds using benzothiazole scaffolds group-based quantitative structure and activity relationship (GQSAR) analysis was performed on 41 reported benzothiazole derivatives for identification of structural fragments. Benzothiazole dataset was fragmented into two fragments (R1 and R2). GQSAR models were generated using multiple linear regression. GQSAR analysis revealed the presence of hydrophobic groups on R1 will potentiate anticancer activity. The generated models are giving insight into the benzothiazole structural requirements which will be optimized for design of anticancer drugs.

Synthesis Of (2-Hydroxyl-3-Butoxyl) Propyl-Succinyl-Chitosan – An Amino Sugar Anionic Surfactant Under Microwave Irradiation And Its Application, P. S. Singh, Suraj N. Mali, N. R. Sangale, Amit P. Pratap

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Introduction: Chitosan, a biopolymer with 97% degree of deacetylation, was used herein, to synthesize an amino sugar anionic surfactant of varied alkyl chain length, using a microwave-assisted synthesis. We were also examined their properties in aqueous form. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to increase the surface activity and water solubility of chitosan derivatives. Materials and Methods: Structural features and crystallinity were confirmed using Fourier transform infrared, ¹H-nuclear magnetic resonance, and X-ray diffraction. The chitosan by itself was found to have weak surface-active properties since it has no hydrophobic segment. Results: The microwave-assisted synthesized sugar amino-based anionic surfactant, synthesis …

Anti-Inflammatory Activity Of New 1,3,4-Oxadiazole Derivatives, Banylla Felicity Dkhar Gatphoh, Natasha Naval Aggarwal, Hemanth Kumar, B. C. Revanasiddappa

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

A new series of 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives (3a-j) were synthesized by reacting p-toluic benzhydrazide (1) and substituted aromatic aldehydes (2) in the presence of ceric ammonium nitrate as catalyst and dichloromethane as a solvent medium. The structures of the new compounds were assigned based on IR, 1H-NMR, and mass spectral data and further evaluated for their in vitro anti-inflammatory potential using various protein denaturation methods following bovine serum and egg albumin assay. Some tested compounds 3e, 3f, and 3i displayed moderate anti-inflammatory activity compared to the standard diclofenac sodium.

Evaluation Of Modified Pennisetum Glaucum Starch As A Suspending Agent In Metronidazole Benzoate Suspension, Nkemakolam Nwachukwu, Kenneth Chinedu Ugoeze, Dorathy Rokalke Igoni

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

The properties of modified starch derived from Pennisetum glaucum (PT) seed as a suspending agent in metronidazole benzoate suspension was evaluated. Matured PT seeds were steeped for 72h, wet milled and the slurry washed with water through a muslin cloth to obtain native PT starch (NPS) which was dried at 60°C. NPS slurry was heated (70°C), cooled (40°C), and submerged in 3.5%w/v sodium hypochlorite for 10 min, washed with 95%v/v alcohol till neutral to litmus. The modified starch (MPS) was dried (50°C), classified (180μm). NPS and MPS were characterized using standard methods. Metronidazole benzoate (MTBZ) suspensions were formulated using 2.5%w/v, …

Evaluation Of Psychometric Properties Of The Thai Sf-12v2 In The General Thai Population, Krittaphas Kangwanrattanakul

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Background: This study investigated the psychometric properties of the Thai Short Form-12 Health Survey (SF-12v2) and reported SF-12v2 scale scores based on the general Thai population’s age and gender. Methods: Multistage sampling was used to recruit 1200 general Thai participants. For all SF-12v2 scales, item description, ceiling/floor effects, convergent validity for item-scale and SF-12v2 and EQ-5D correlations, known-group validity, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), test-retest reliability, and responsiveness were studied. Results: Ceiling effect was observed for all scales (5.8–72.6%). Floor effect was detected for all scales except for social functioning, role emotion, and mental health. Item-scale correlation coefficients ranged from 0.65 …

Effect Ethyl Acetate Extract Oflasiodiplodia Pseudotheobromae Industrial Biotechnology Research Laboratory Os-64 On Growth And Cell Morphology Of A Foodborne Bacterium,Bacillus Cereus, Mohd Taufiq Mat Jalil, Darah Ibrahim

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Background: A foodborne bacterium, Bacillus cereus is one of the common food contaminants that could cause food poising with several sickness symptoms to humans. Objective: This study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of ethyl acetate extract of endophytic fungus, Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae Industrial Biotechnology Research Laboratory (IBRL) OS-64 towards a test bacterium, B. cereus with emphasis on bacterial growth reduction and cell morphological changes. Materials and Methods: The ethyl acetate (fermentative broth) and methanolic (fungal biomass) extracts were screened for their antibacterial activity against test bacteria via agar disc diffusion assay. Results: The results demonstrated that there is a significant …

Inhibitory Effects Of Manosa Alliacea In Freund’S Adjuvant Arthritis On Inflammatory Markers And Its Confirmation By In-Silico Strategy, D. S.N.B.K. Prasanth, Sk. Aminabee, A. Lakshmana Rao, Chakravarthi Guntupalli, Alavala Rajasekhar Reddy, Umasankar Kulandaivelu, S. N. Koteswara, P. Rajeshwari

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

For the assessment of the curative effect of Manosa alliacea on Freud’s adjuvant (FA) arthritis on Swiss albino rats. Methanol extract from M. alliacea (MEMA) was administered orally at 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg, 28 days after FA immunization. For control and treatment groups, paw volume, body weight, hematological parameters, X-ray, and histological tests were measured. In addition, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to measure the levels of various inflammatory markers. In vitro, DPPH and H2O2 tests were used to evaluate the antioxidant capability. MEMA decreased paw volume and paw thickness, bodyweight considerably (P < 0.05, 0.01, 0.001), compared to hematological anomalies of arthritis control. X- rays tests and histological tests did not reveal significant structural changes in the rat ankle joints administered with MEMA. The levels of expression tumor necrosis factor - α, NF-Kβ, IL-1β, and COX-2 were significantly suppressed in the treatment groups. The in-silico study has shown that a number of chemical components in the plants under study can effectively bind to various inflammatory targets. That is why we say M. alliacea is a good source for treating rheumatoid arthritis.

Assessment Of The Phytoconstituents And Optimal Applicable Concentration Of Aqueous Extract Of Azadirachta Indica Leaves For Wound Healing In Male Wistar Rats, Kenneth Chinedu Ugoeze, Princewill Chukwuebuka Aja, Nkemakolam Nwachukwu, Bruno Chukwuemeka Chinko, Jude Nnabuife Egwurugwu

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Background/Aim: Plant-based medicinal agents containing phytoconstituents like extracts of Azadirachta indica leaves has been reported to heal wounds. This study evaluated the phytoconstituents and determined the optimal concentration of the aqueous extract of Azadirachta indica leaves (AEAIL) affecting wound healing in male Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: AEAIL was evaluated for phytoconstituents using GC-FID. Wounds (diameter ≈1.5cm) was excised on the dorsum of 35 rats (7 groups, n = 5). Groups 1- 6 were treated topically with 0.5, 1.5, 3.0, 5.0, 10.0 and 20.0% w/v of AEAIL respectively. Group 7 was treated with distilled water as the control. Wound contractions …

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis Of Manidipine Versus Amlodipine As An Add-On To Renin-Angiotensin System Blockers In Hypertensive Patients With Diabetes Mellitus And Proteinuria, Kamolpat Chaiyakittisopon, Wiwat Thavornwattanayong, Jadesada Lertsirimunkong, Supitchaya Senbut

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Objectives: Diabetes and hypertension are the most common causes of chronic kidney disease. Calcium channel blockers are beneficial in blood pressure reduction while also stall kidney degeneration. The aim of this study was to compare the cost-effectiveness of manidipine to amlodipine as an add-on to renin-angiotensin system blockers (RASBs) to slow down kidney degeneration in hypertensive patients with diabetes mellitus and proteinuria. Methods: A lifetime Markov decision model was used to evaluate total costs and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) from published data on clinical outcomes and Thai data on cost and humanistic outcomes. This study adopted a societal perspective. Results: The …

The Study Of Physical Properties And Formulation Of Self-Assembling Nanogel From Grafted Hydrophilic Polymer Backbone As Stabilization System For Curcumin, Penpimon Charoenkanburkang, Tisana Kaewruethai, Pornchai Rojsitthisak, Jittima Amie Luckanagul

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Introduction: The aim of this work is to formulate and study the thermoresponsive system with hyaluronic acid (HA) as a polysaccharide backbone grafted with poly-(N-isopropylacrylamide) (pNIPAM) for stabilization of highly sensitive molecule. Methods: The nanogel forming polymer was synthesized through EDC/NHS coupling reaction. The HA grafted pNIPAM (HA-g-pNIPAM) can be self-assembled to form gel particle. The synthesized HA-g-pNIPAM polymers were characterized by 1H NMR. Size, influence of media to forming nanogel, thermoresponsive behavior and influence of HA-g-pNIPAM nanogel network on curcumin loading capacity and stability were investigated by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and UV-VIS spectrophotometry. Result and Discussion: The results …

The Physico-Chemical And Filler-Binder- Disintegrant Properties Of Improved Hydrophilic Powder Derived From The Fibre Of Ipomoea Batatas Tuber In Paracetamol Tablet, Kenneth Chinedu Ugoeze, Nkemakolam Nwachukwu, Chukwudum Ejike Okeke

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Objectives: The physico-chemical and filler-binder-disintegrant properties of improved hydrophilic powder (HP) derived from the fibre of Ipomoea batatas tuber in a paracetamol tablet was studied.Materials and Methods: A 200 g of the powdered fibre was blended with 600 ml of 0.125 N NaOH and washed with deionized water until neutral, then stirred in 200 ml of 0.50 N HCl, washed until neutral. It was precipitated with 96 % v/v ethanol, dried in a desiccator, pulverized to 250 μm and coded as HP. It was characterized and applied as a filler-binder-disintegrant in paracetamol tablet by wet-granulation and direct- compression beside avicel® …

Subacute Toxicity Study And Clinical Trials For Ziziphus Spina-Christi Leaves Extract As An Anti-Dandruff Shampoo, Abdulkarim K.Y. Alzomor, Wafa M. Al-Madhagi, Nahlah M. Sallam, Haytham Mojamel, Mostafa M. Alawar, Abdulfattah G. Al-Hetari

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

In light of recent developments in the scientific and technological world, herbs are widely used as remedial agents. This study was aimed to formulate and evaluate the safety and the efficacy of herbal antidandruff shampoo from Ziziphus spina-christi (Sidr) leaves extract, which is used traditionally for several medical and cosmetic purposes. Sidr leaves were extracted by maceration using ethanol as a solvent. The antifungal activity of the plant extract was tested against M. furfur. In-vivo study of the extract has been evaluated with daily oral doses (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg) for 28 days for tested rats, followed by, evaluation …