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Articles 1 - 5 of 5
Full-Text Articles in Systems Neuroscience
The Serotonin 1b Receptor In Psilocybin’S Therapeutic-Like Mechanisms: From Behavior To Network Reorganization, Sixtine Fleury
The Serotonin 1b Receptor In Psilocybin’S Therapeutic-Like Mechanisms: From Behavior To Network Reorganization, Sixtine Fleury
Dartmouth College Ph.D Dissertations
Mood disorders represent a substantial and growing global health crisis, with ~10 million adults in the US meeting criteria for a major depressive disorder (MDD). Current first-line treatments such as SSRIs require long-term daily administration and fail a significant proportion of patients, driving renewed interest in rapid-acting alternatives. Psilocybin, a serotonergic psychedelic, shows growing clinical evidence of efficacy in treating depressive and anxiety disorders, often producing therapeutic effects persisting weeks to months following a single dose. Yet, the neural mechanisms underlying these enduring effects remain poorly understood and have been largely attributed to the serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT2AR) based on …
Behavioral And Neural Microstructures Of Dynamic Cue-Motivated Responses, Erica Townsend
Behavioral And Neural Microstructures Of Dynamic Cue-Motivated Responses, Erica Townsend
Dartmouth College Ph.D Dissertations
Sign-tracking, a conditioned response in which animals are physically attracted to reward-predictive cues due to motivational value attribution, is known to be persistent but can be flexible under some circumstances. For example, during an omission paradigm, in which vigorous responses must be withheld to avoid reward cancellation, animals can quickly restructure their responses. However, sign-tracking does not cease entirely, and cue attraction persists. This dissertation explores the behavioral and neural mechanisms underlying the simultaneous persistence and flexibility of sign-tracking during omission procedures. First, a novel method for behavioral analysis is introduced to accurately depict sign-tracking animals in dynamic tasks such …
Robust And Generalizable Representations In The Hippocampus, Hung-Tu Chen
Robust And Generalizable Representations In The Hippocampus, Hung-Tu Chen
Dartmouth College Ph.D Dissertations
An intelligent system must balance generalizing across similar experiences with maintaining the distinctiveness of each experience. This thesis explores how the hippocampus manages this balance through its neural representations to support adaptive behavior. In Chapter 1, I provide an overview of key hippocampal phenomena that contribute to this process, including remapping, splitter signal, and replay. In Chapter 2, I challenge the concept of random remapping by showing that it is possible to predict, better than chance, how a given experience will be encoded in the hippocampus across different subjects. This suggests that encoding of related experiences, which was previously thought …
Targeting Cholinergic Signaling In Glioblastoma, Sumyuktha Vijay Anand
Targeting Cholinergic Signaling In Glioblastoma, Sumyuktha Vijay Anand
Dartmouth College Ph.D Dissertations
Primitive stem cell-like populations that are prone to malignant transformation reside in the brain throughout adulthood. My lab’s reports and many others have characterized subsets of glioma cells reminiscent of adult stem-like cells implicating them rational candidates for cell-targeted therapies. Emerging evidence suggests that the neurotransmitter microenvironment influences these stem-like cells during glioma progression providing an inroad to study neuromodulators in glioma. Some glioma stemlike cells share characteristics with adult tissue oligodendrocyte progenitor cells. Primitive cells of the oligodendroglial lineage express muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs), and their “stemness” is maintained by the acetylcholine (ACh) neurotransmitter. Here, I conduct transcriptomic, electrophysiological, …
Spatial Representation In Postrhinal Cortex, Patrick Lachance
Spatial Representation In Postrhinal Cortex, Patrick Lachance
Dartmouth College Ph.D Dissertations
Animals rely on a variety of internal and external cues to orient themselves when navigating their environments and determining their current spatial context. Information regarding these cues enters the brain from the navigator’s first-person perspective. Information of this type is considered to be egocentric, or self-centered. However, decades of behavioral, electrophysiological, and imaging research suggest that the brain contains a rich collection of spatial representations that are unrestricted by the animal’s first-person perspective, and instead are defined relative to the surrounding environment. These representations are considered allocentric, or world-centered. Despite an abundance of promising modeling work, the specific mechanisms by …