Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Commons™
Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
- Institution
- Publication
- Publication Type
Articles 1 - 5 of 5
Full-Text Articles in Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience
Organization And Development Of Cholinergic Input To The Mouse Visual Thalamus., Guela Sokhadze
Organization And Development Of Cholinergic Input To The Mouse Visual Thalamus., Guela Sokhadze
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Cholinergic signaling plays a vital role in modulating the flow of sensory information through thalamic circuits in a state-dependent manner. In the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN), the thalamic visual relay, release of acetylcholine (ACh) contributes to enhanced thalamocortical transfer of retinal signal during behavioral states of arousal, wakefulness, and sleep/wake transitions. Moreover, ACh modulates activity of the thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN), a structure which provides inhibitory input to dLGN. While several cholinergic nuclei have been shown to innervate dLGN and TRN, it is unclear how projections from each area are organized. Furthermore, little is known of how or when …
Major Neurotransmitters In The Brain, Amy S. Yu '17
Major Neurotransmitters In The Brain, Amy S. Yu '17
Independent Study
Arguably the most important and powerful organ in the human body, the brain controls virtually everything one does. From chewing gum to running a marathon, the brain dictates one’s physical responses and actions, while also mediating learning, memory, and emotions. These functions are all regulated by neurotransmitter activity in the brain. While the brain works in complex ways, recent discoveries about neurotransmitters allow us to better understand the underlying mechanisms of brain operation. Each neurotransmitter fulfills a distinct role, but they rely on one another to perform certain activities in the brain as well. The purpose of this review is …
The Role Of Forebrain Cholinergic Signalling In Regulating Hippocampal Function And Neuropathology, Mohammed Al-Onaizi
The Role Of Forebrain Cholinergic Signalling In Regulating Hippocampal Function And Neuropathology, Mohammed Al-Onaizi
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Cholinergic dysfunction has been associated with cognitive abnormalities in a variety of neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders, including Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Cumulative use of drugs with anticholinergic activity is associated with increased risk for dementia and AD. Also, cholinergic function has been implicated in predicting the development of key neuropathological hallmarks seen in AD. However, the relationship between cholinergic dysfunction and conservation of cognitive ability as well as neuronal cell maintenance is not fully understood. Here, we tested how information processing and distinct molecular mechanisms associated with AD are regulated by cholinergic tone in genetically-modified mice in which cholinergic transmission was …
Muscarinic Attenuation Of Mnemonic Rule Representation In Macaque Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex During A Pro- And Anti-Saccade Task, Alex J. Major
Muscarinic Attenuation Of Mnemonic Rule Representation In Macaque Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex During A Pro- And Anti-Saccade Task, Alex J. Major
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Maintenance of context is necessary for execution of appropriate responses to diverse environmental stimuli. The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) plays a pivotal role in executive function, including working memory and representation of abstract rules, and is modulated by the ascending cholinergic system through nicotinic and muscarinic receptors. Muscarinic receptors’ effect on local primate DLPFC neural activity in vivo during cognitive tasks remains poorly understood. Here we examined the effects of muscarinic receptor blockade on rule-related activity in the macaque prefrontal cortex by combining iontophoretic application of the general muscarinic receptor antagonist scopolamine with single-unit recordings while monkeys performed a rule-guided …
Abnormal Hippocampal Activation In Freely Behaving Mice Deficient For The Vesicular Acetylcholine Transporter, Shahin Moallem
Abnormal Hippocampal Activation In Freely Behaving Mice Deficient For The Vesicular Acetylcholine Transporter, Shahin Moallem
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Acetylcholine (Ach) has a fundamental role in cortical activation. The activation of the hippocampus, a cortex implicated in cognitive and sensorimotor functions, is characterized by an increase in power and frequency of oscillations in the theta (4-10 Hz) and gamma (30-100 Hz) frequency range. We studied hippocampal activation in two mutant mouse lines with deficiency in cholinergic functionality: VAChT KDHET (HET), and VAChTNkx2.1-Cre-flox/flox (KO). We hypothesized that the mutant mice, relative to wild-type (WT) mice, will manifest abnormal theta and gamma oscillations during different behaviors, and in response to muscarinic cholinergic antagonist scopolamine hydrochloride and to the NMDA …