Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Neuroscience and Neurobiology Commons™
Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- Social and Behavioral Sciences (214)
- Psychology (198)
- Cognitive Neuroscience (182)
- Medicine and Health Sciences (124)
- Cognition and Perception (119)
-
- Arts and Humanities (117)
- Philosophy (107)
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology (100)
- Philosophy of Mind (100)
- Evolution (99)
- Animal Sciences (98)
- Zoology (96)
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience (95)
- Ethics and Political Philosophy (87)
- Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology (86)
- Behavioral Neurobiology (73)
- Other Neuroscience and Neurobiology (39)
- Cell and Developmental Biology (36)
- Biology (34)
- Medical Sciences (31)
- Diseases (30)
- Psychiatry and Psychology (30)
- Cognitive Psychology (28)
- Developmental Neuroscience (28)
- Genetics and Genomics (28)
- Anatomy (25)
- Computational Neuroscience (24)
- Physical Sciences and Mathematics (24)
- Institution
-
- WellBeing International (76)
- Selected Works (65)
- City University of New York (CUNY) (42)
- Western University (38)
- University of Kentucky (33)
-
- Washington University in St. Louis (24)
- Virginia Commonwealth University (15)
- Kenyon College (14)
- University of Nevada, Las Vegas (12)
- Claremont Colleges (10)
- Smith College (10)
- University of Wisconsin Milwaukee (10)
- Purdue University (9)
- University of Arkansas, Fayetteville (9)
- University of Massachusetts Amherst (9)
- University of Nebraska - Lincoln (9)
- West Virginia University (9)
- Hope College (7)
- Trinity College (7)
- University of Nebraska at Omaha (7)
- University of Vermont (7)
- Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University (6)
- The Texas Medical Center Library (6)
- University of Nebraska Medical Center (6)
- University of Texas at El Paso (6)
- Brigham Young University (5)
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville (5)
- California Institute of Integral Studies (4)
- Florida International University (4)
- Ohio Wesleyan University (4)
- Keyword
-
- Neuroscience (23)
- Cognition (14)
- FMRI (14)
- Hippocampus (13)
- Memory (12)
-
- Aging (11)
- Attention (11)
- Development (11)
- EEG (11)
- Alzheimer's disease (10)
- Sheep (10)
- Dopamine (9)
- Microglia (9)
- Welfare (9)
- Brain (8)
- Depression (7)
- Neurodegeneration (7)
- Neuroinflammation (7)
- Behavior (6)
- Electrophysiology (6)
- Magnetic resonance imaging (6)
- Neurons (6)
- Retina (6)
- Sentience (6)
- Astrocytes (5)
- Autism (5)
- Drosophila (5)
- Empathy (5)
- Epigenetics (5)
- Genetics (5)
- Publication
-
- Animal Sentience (76)
- Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository (32)
- Theses and Dissertations (24)
- Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects (20)
- Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations (18)
-
- Christopher Del Negro (16)
- Electronic Theses and Dissertations (15)
- Publications and Research (15)
- Scientific Kenyon: The Neuroscience Edition (14)
- Neuroscience: Faculty Publications (10)
- Owen Jones (10)
- Graduate Theses and Dissertations (9)
- Neuroscience Faculty Publications (9)
- Center for Brain, Biology, and Behavior: Faculty and Staff Publications (8)
- Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (8)
- Masters Theses (8)
- Graduate College Dissertations and Theses (7)
- MODVIS Workshop (7)
- Senior Theses and Projects (7)
- Open Access Theses & Dissertations (6)
- Publications (6)
- Theses & Dissertations (6)
- Bernard Rollin, PhD (5)
- Dissertations (5)
- Dissertations & Theses (Open Access) (5)
- Faculty Publications (5)
- Ileana Soto Reyes (5)
- Lori Marino, PhD (5)
- McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations (5)
- UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair (5)
- Publication Type
- File Type
Articles 31 - 60 of 572
Full-Text Articles in Neuroscience and Neurobiology
Investigating The Contribution Of Instance-Reliant Learning In Visuomotor Adaptation And Its Generalization, Shancheng Bao
Investigating The Contribution Of Instance-Reliant Learning In Visuomotor Adaptation And Its Generalization, Shancheng Bao
Theses and Dissertations
Motor adaptation has been of great interest in the past two decades as it reflects how movement skills are acquired and consolidated by the nervous system. In our recent studies, instance-reliant learning is considered as an essential component of visuomotor adaptation, since it plays a unique role in fast and automatized control of movement output. The goal of this dissertation is to investigate the nature of instance-reliant learning on two aspects: to determine the differential contributions of algorithmic learning and instance-reliant learning to visuomotor adaptation; and to determine the nature of movement instance involved in visuomotor adaptation and its generalization …
A Novel Switch-Like Function Of Delta-Catenin In Dendrite Development, Ryan Baumert
A Novel Switch-Like Function Of Delta-Catenin In Dendrite Development, Ryan Baumert
Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)
The formation of neuronal networks in the brain is tightly regulated, and dependent on the morphology of dendrites, the branch-like signal-receiving structures extending from neurons. Disruptions in dendrite development, or dendritogenesis, can lead to the atypical neuronal connectivity associated with multiple neurodevelopmental diseases. My research addresses molecular processes that underlie dendritogenesis via analysis of a pair of novel interactions involving the protein delta-catenin.
In neurons, delta-catenin localizes to dendrites and synapses, where it functions in their development and maintenance. Structurally, delta-catenin possesses a central Armadillo domain and a C-terminal PDZ-binding motif. This motif associates with PDZ domain-containing proteins, and is …
The Feedback-Related Negativity Is A Time-Dependent Brain Mechanism That Facilitates Aversive Learning: Implications For The Reinforcement Learning Frn Hypothesis, Eric Rawls
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Organisms encode rewarding and aversive experiences through reinforcement learning, capitalizing on prediction errors (PEs), which adapt action strategies over time. Computational theories are explicit that PE signals should update action weights continuously over the course of a behavioral task, an important time-dependent variation that is eschewed in traditional neuroscience studies that average over large numbers of trials. I examined variation in reaction times and feedback-locked cortical activity over time as a function of PE to critically examine theories indicating that PE signals drive time-dependent learning. We recorded EEG while participants completed a novel reinforcement task that varied prediction error on …
The Effect Of Traumatic Brain Injury On Tau Pathology By A Potential Seeding Mechanism, George Edwards Iii
The Effect Of Traumatic Brain Injury On Tau Pathology By A Potential Seeding Mechanism, George Edwards Iii
Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)
The misfolding, aggregation and accumulation of specific proteins is the overarching concept in protein misfolding disorders (PMDs). The microtubule associated protein tau is known to form insoluble filaments known as neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) composed of hyperphosphorylated tau (pTau) found in a subset of PMDs called tauopathies, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), among others. Misfolded tau engenders a structurally alternative intermediate conformation that is prone to aggregate having amyloidogenic properties. Formation of amyloids, such as tau aggregates, is proposed to follow a nucleation-polymerization model where misfolded, soluble oligomeric seeds can trigger native proteins to misfold and …
The Influence Of Neural Reward Processing On Memory In Depression, Nathan M. Hager
The Influence Of Neural Reward Processing On Memory In Depression, Nathan M. Hager
Psychology Theses & Dissertations
Theories and research suggest that depression involves impaired reward sensitivity and a deficit in memory for rewarding stimuli. Some researchers propose that this memory deficit may result from reduced neural reward sensitivity, which impairs the encoding of reward-related memories, but few studies have directly probed this connection. Such research may benefit from examining the reward positivity (RewP), an event-related potential (ERP) previously linked to reduced reward sensitivity in depression. Undergraduates with high or low self-reported depression completed a task in which they chose one of three doors, revealing a neutral word written in a color which indicated an outcome of …
Investigating The Effects Of Excitotoxic Stimuli On The Suprachiasmatic Nucleus, Rachel A. Brandes
Investigating The Effects Of Excitotoxic Stimuli On The Suprachiasmatic Nucleus, Rachel A. Brandes
Chancellor’s Honors Program Projects
No abstract provided.
Understanding Object Motion Encoding In The Mammalian Retina., Victor Julian Depiero
Understanding Object Motion Encoding In The Mammalian Retina., Victor Julian Depiero
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Phototransduction, transmission of visual information down the optic nerve incurs delays on the order of 50 – 100ms. This implies that the neuronal representation of a moving object should lag behind the object’s actual position. However, studies have demonstrated that the visual system compensates for neuronal delays using a predictive mechanism called phase advancing, which shifts the population response toward the leading edge of a moving object’s retinal image. To understand how this compensation is achieved in the retina, I investigated cellular and synaptic mechanisms that drive phase advancing. I used three approaches, each testing phase advancing at a …
The Role Of Gamma Oscillations And Cortical Inhibition In The Development Of Working Memory In Adolescence, Christopher P. Walker
The Role Of Gamma Oscillations And Cortical Inhibition In The Development Of Working Memory In Adolescence, Christopher P. Walker
Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)
Adolescence is a dynamic period of social, cognitive, and biological changes. In particular, working memory, the ability to actively encode and maintain information over a short period of time, develops early in childhood and gradually increases in capacity and stability during adolescence. The precise neurophysiological mechanism by which working memory capacity increases during adolescence is unclear. The objective of this investigation was to evaluate the role of cortical gamma-band (> 30 Hz) oscillations—which are associated with working memory in adults—for the development of working memory capacity in adolescents, and to identify the extent to which the temporal profile of gamma-aminobutyric …
Functional Dissociations Revealed By Representational Similarity Analysis Of Color-Word Stroop, Michael Freund
Functional Dissociations Revealed By Representational Similarity Analysis Of Color-Word Stroop, Michael Freund
Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The color-word Stroop task is often used in cognitive neuroscience as a common platform for both theoretical and experimental approaches to cognitive control. Yet traditionally, there has been tension between these two approaches. Theoretical models of Stroop have focused on representation: for example, how distributed and overlapping representations of the two stimulus dimensions (color, word) are prioritized, and how conflict between these dimen- sions is represented and used to regulate control. In contrast, neuroimaging experiments have primarily focused on ‘univariately’ (uniformly) mapping the effects of conflict to par- ticular brain regions. This focus on univariate changes in brain activity limits …
Characterization Of Sensory And Shelter Enrichment In The Rodent Research Habitat, Amber M. Paul, Yasaman Shirazi-Fard, America Reyes, Moniece Lowe, Margareth Cheng-Campbell, Sungshin Choi, Eduardo Almeida, April Ronca, Ruth K. Globus
Characterization Of Sensory And Shelter Enrichment In The Rodent Research Habitat, Amber M. Paul, Yasaman Shirazi-Fard, America Reyes, Moniece Lowe, Margareth Cheng-Campbell, Sungshin Choi, Eduardo Almeida, April Ronca, Ruth K. Globus
Publications
The ISS provides a platform for conducting Rodent Research (RR) in microgravity and 9 missions have been successfully conducted. The results from these experiments have begun to provide new insights into the effects of spaceflight on mammalian physiological systems. After RR-1-4, the Flight IACUC required inclusion of additional cage enrichment into the Rodent Habitats (RH) to “enhance animal well-being by providing animals with sensory and motor stimulation, through structures and resources that facilitate the expression of species typical behaviors”. A Hut, in the form of a rigid, mesh igloo-like shelter was implemented beginning with RR-5. The potential influence of the …
Modeled Microgravity Induces Neutrophil Extracellular Trap (Net)Osis Formation And Reduced Phagocytosis Of Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils, Amber M. Paul
Publications
Spaceflight can dysregulate immunity, by way of increasing granulocytes numbers with impaired function. Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) are granulocytes that are first responders to infection or injury, and consist of the largest pool of immune cells in humans. PMNs function during innate immunity, through phagocytosis and promotion of inflammation, via the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediators and granule-containing enzymes, such as myeloperoxidase (MPO) and NADPH oxidase-2 (NOX-2). In addition, neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation is another mechanism of PMN surveillance that works independently of engulfment phagocytosis, and is a last resort function that can induce NETosis or PMN-specific cell …
Biological And Practical Implications Of Genome-Wide Association Study Of Schizophrenia Using Bayesian Variable Selection, Benazir Rowe, Xiangning Chen, Zuoheng Wang, Jingchun Chen, Amei Amei
Biological And Practical Implications Of Genome-Wide Association Study Of Schizophrenia Using Bayesian Variable Selection, Benazir Rowe, Xiangning Chen, Zuoheng Wang, Jingchun Chen, Amei Amei
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified over 100 loci associated with schizophrenia. Most of these studies test genetic variants for association one at a time. In this study, we performed GWAS of the molecular genetics of schizophrenia (MGS) dataset with 5334 subjects using multivariate Bayesian variable selection (BVS) method Posterior Inference via Model Averaging and Subset Selection (piMASS) and compared our results with the previous univariate analysis of the MGS dataset. We showed that piMASS can improve the power of detecting schizophrenia-associated SNPs, potentially leading to new discoveries from existing data without increasing the sample size. We tested SNPs in …
Neuron Specific Gene 2 (Nsg2): A Novel Regulator Of Excitatory Neurotransmission Via Ampa Receptor Trafficking At A Subset Of Glutamatergic Synapses, Praveen Chander
Neuron Specific Gene 2 (Nsg2): A Novel Regulator Of Excitatory Neurotransmission Via Ampa Receptor Trafficking At A Subset Of Glutamatergic Synapses, Praveen Chander
Biomedical Sciences ETDs
Members of the Neuron-Specific Gene family (NSG1-3) play critical roles in excitatory synaptic transmission via regulation of AMPA receptor surface expression within the post-synaptic density (PSD). While NSG1 and NSG3 regulate AMPAR recycling and endocytosis, respectively, the function of NSG2 has remained elusive. Here we undertook a series of studies to assess the role of NSG2 in excitatory synaptic transmission. We found that a portion of NSG2 punctae localized with HOMER1 and surface AMPARs at excitatory synapses and that NSG2 AMPAR subunits in mouse brain. Knockout of NSG2 selectively impaired the frequency of AMPA mEPSCs, while overexpression caused a significant …
Executive Dysfunction Following A Sport-Related Concussion Is Independent Of Task-Based Symptom Burden, Naila Ayala Angumba
Executive Dysfunction Following A Sport-Related Concussion Is Independent Of Task-Based Symptom Burden, Naila Ayala Angumba
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
The present work examined whether oculomotor deficits associated with a sport-related concussion (SRC) reflect an impairment to executive-based planning mechanisms or a task-based increase in concussion symptomology (e.g., headache, vertigo). Therefore, I employed a standardized measure of SRC symptom severity (SCAT-5), antisaccade performance and pupillometry metrics in persons with a SRC during early (i.e., initial assessment: ≤12 days post-SRC) and later (i.e., follow-up assessment: 14-30 days post-SRC) stages of recovery. In the initial assessment, the SRC group yielded longer reaction times (RT) (p=0.001), increased directional errors (p=0.002) and larger task-evoked pupil dilations (TEPD) (p=0.004) than the control group. The follow-up …
Multisensory Responses In Primary Auditory Cortex Of The Cat, Catherine Boucher
Multisensory Responses In Primary Auditory Cortex Of The Cat, Catherine Boucher
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Core auditory cortex of the cat is comprised of primary auditory cortex (A1) and the anterior auditory field (AAF). Neurons in both fields respond strongly to acoustic stimuli and are tonotopically organized. In hearing animals, a small number of cells in AAF respond to tactile stimulation. However, it is unclear if multisensory input influences responses in A1. In this study, multisensory stimuli were developed by pairing a pure tone stimulus with a flash stimulus at various stimulus onset asynchronies. A linear multielectrode array recorded multi-unit activity in A1 across cortical layers. We identified unisensory auditory, unisensory visual, bimodal, and subthreshold …
Altered Proteasome Expression And Nuclear Factor (Erythroid-Derived 2)-Like Signaling In Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis, Kara L. Shanley
Altered Proteasome Expression And Nuclear Factor (Erythroid-Derived 2)-Like Signaling In Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis, Kara L. Shanley
Biomedical Sciences ETDs
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex neurological disorder characterized by the interactions between heightened inflammation, oxidative stress and neurodegeneration. We and others have previously demonstrated that proteasome dysfunction and its consequences are also important factors in the pathology of both MS and its rodent model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). While proteasome subunit alterations in EAE have been observed, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. The first goal of this dissertation was to characterize the mechanisms that regulate proteasome expression and composition in neural cells in EAE and in vitro.
Immunohistochemical analysis of the EAE spinal cord shows changes in …
Simulated Biological Fluid Exposure Changes Nanoceria’S Surface Properties But Not Its Biological Response, Robert A. Yokel, Matthew L. Hancock, Benjamin Cherian, Alexandra J. Brooks, Marsha L. Ensor, Hemendra J. Vekaria, Patrick G. Sullivan, Eric A. Grulke
Simulated Biological Fluid Exposure Changes Nanoceria’S Surface Properties But Not Its Biological Response, Robert A. Yokel, Matthew L. Hancock, Benjamin Cherian, Alexandra J. Brooks, Marsha L. Ensor, Hemendra J. Vekaria, Patrick G. Sullivan, Eric A. Grulke
Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications
Nanoscale cerium dioxide (nanoceria) has industrial applications, capitalizing on its catalytic, abrasive, and energy storage properties. It auto-catalytically cycles between Ce3+ and Ce4+, giving it pro-and anti-oxidative properties. The latter mediates beneficial effects in models of diseases that have oxidative stress/inflammation components. Engineered nanoparticles become coated after body fluid exposure, creating a corona, which can greatly influence their fate and effects. Very little has been reported about nanoceria surface changes and biological effects after pulmonary or gastrointestinal fluid exposure. The study objective was to address the hypothesis that simulated biological fluid (SBF) exposure changes nanoceria’s surface properties …
Function And Dissipation In Finite State Automata - From Computing To Intelligence And Back, Natesh Ganesh
Function And Dissipation In Finite State Automata - From Computing To Intelligence And Back, Natesh Ganesh
Doctoral Dissertations
Society has benefited from the technological revolution and the tremendous growth in computing powered by Moore's law. However, we are fast approaching the ultimate physical limits in terms of both device sizes and the associated energy dissipation. It is important to characterize these limits in a physically grounded and implementation-agnostic manner, in order to capture the fundamental energy dissipation costs associated with performing computing operations with classical information in nano-scale quantum systems. It is also necessary to identify and understand the effect of quantum in-distinguishability, noise, and device variability on these dissipation limits. Identifying these parameters is crucial to designing …
How Perception Of Decision Environment And Future Information Affects Changes In Delay Discounting Rates: Differences Across U.S. And China, Differences Before And After The U.S. 2018 Midterm Elections, Fran Walsh
Masters Theses
In this thesis, I will explore the idea that choices between present, smaller value options and future, larger value options depend on how much individuals trust the future to deliver the reward. Due to this aspect of trust, the individual must build their estimate of trust based on information for their present environment and their future expectations. This estimate of future trust can change across different time points in the same environment (i.e., before and after a national election) and between environments in the same time point (i.e., between two countries experiencing different economic rates of change). In this set …
Sex Specific Electrophysiology Of Aromatase Neurons In The Medial Amygdala, Marcelo Henrique Correia
Sex Specific Electrophysiology Of Aromatase Neurons In The Medial Amygdala, Marcelo Henrique Correia
Masters Theses
The medial amygdala (MeA) is a central node in the interwoven circuits that regulate social behavior based on pheromones. Aromatase-expressing (arom+) neurons in the MeA are key for the establishment and maintenance of sex differences. Here, we characterized the intrinsic electrophysiological properties of arom+ neurons and non-aromatase (arom-) neurons in the MeA of male and female mice. Most electrophysiological properties were similar for arom+ neurons in the MeA between sexes, but the relative refractory period was twice as large in female mice. We also show that the firing pattern and firing frequency is markedly …
From The Human To The Planetary: Speculative Futures Of Care, Miriam Ticktin
From The Human To The Planetary: Speculative Futures Of Care, Miriam Ticktin
Publications and Research
This is largely a theoretical, speculative essay that takes on the question of what ‘care’ looks like at a moment when climate change is increasingly taking center stage in public and political discussions. Starting with two new practices, namely, humanitarian care for nonhumans and One Health collaborations, I seek to determine what forms of political care can incorporate the well-being of future generations and future iterations of the earth. After an exploration of One Health as an approach to planetary care, I ask what its parts enable us to think, despite its limitations; I focus on the new human-nonhuman assemblages …
Meox2 Haploinsufficiency Increases Neuronal Cell Loss In A Mouse Model Of Alzheimer's Disease, Ileana Soto Reyes, Weronika A. Grabowska, Kristen D. Onos, Leah C. Graham, Harriet M. Jackson, Stephen N. Simeone, Gareth R. Howell
Meox2 Haploinsufficiency Increases Neuronal Cell Loss In A Mouse Model Of Alzheimer's Disease, Ileana Soto Reyes, Weronika A. Grabowska, Kristen D. Onos, Leah C. Graham, Harriet M. Jackson, Stephen N. Simeone, Gareth R. Howell
Ileana Soto Reyes
Evidence suggests that multiple genetic and environmental factors conspire together to increase susceptibility to Alzheimer's disease (AD). The amyloid cascade hypothesis states that deposition of the amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide is central to AD; however, evidence in humans and animals suggests that Aβ buildup alone is not sufficient to cause neuronal cell loss and cognitive decline. Mouse models that express high levels of mutant forms of amyloid precursor protein and/or cleaving enzymes deposit amyloid but do not show neuron loss. Therefore, a double-hit hypothesis for AD has been proposed whereby vascular dysfunction precedes and promotes Aβ toxicity. In support of this, …
Deficiency Of Complement Component 5 Ameliorates Glaucoma In Dba/2j Mice, Gareth R. Howell, Ileana Soto Reyes, Margaret Ryan, Leah C. Graham, Richard S. Smith, Simon W.M. John
Deficiency Of Complement Component 5 Ameliorates Glaucoma In Dba/2j Mice, Gareth R. Howell, Ileana Soto Reyes, Margaret Ryan, Leah C. Graham, Richard S. Smith, Simon W.M. John
Ileana Soto Reyes
Background Glaucoma is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder involving the loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), which results in blindness. Studies in animal models have shown that activation of inflammatory processes occurs early in the disease. In particular, the complement cascade is activated very early in DBA/2J mice, a widely used mouse model of glaucoma. A comprehensive analysis of the role of the complement cascade in DBA/2J glaucoma has not been possible because DBA/2J mice are naturally deficient in complement component 5 (C5, also known as hemolytic complement, Hc), a key mediator of the downstream processes of the complement cascade, including …
Chronic Consumption Of A Western Diet Induces Robust Glial Activation In Aging Mice And In A Mouse Model Of Alzheimer’S Disease, Leah C. Graham, Jeffrey M. Harder, Ileana Soto Reyes, Wilhelmine N. De Vries, Simon W. M. John, Gareth R. Howell
Chronic Consumption Of A Western Diet Induces Robust Glial Activation In Aging Mice And In A Mouse Model Of Alzheimer’S Disease, Leah C. Graham, Jeffrey M. Harder, Ileana Soto Reyes, Wilhelmine N. De Vries, Simon W. M. John, Gareth R. Howell
Ileana Soto Reyes
Studies have assessed individual components of a western diet, but no study has assessed the long-term, cumulative effects of a western diet on aging and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Therefore, we have formulated the first western-style diet that mimics the fat, carbohydrate, protein, vitamin and mineral levels of western diets. This diet was fed to aging C57BL/6J (B6) mice to identify phenotypes that may increase susceptibility to AD, and to APP/PS1 mice, a mouse model of AD, to determine the effects of the diet in AD. Astrocytosis and microglia/monocyte activation were dramatically increased in response to diet and was further increased …
Dba/2j Mice Are Susceptible To Diabetic Nephropathy And Diabetic Exacerbation Of Iop Elevation, Ileana Soto Reyes, Gareth R. Howell, Cai W. John, Joseph L. Kief, Richard T. Libby, Simon W.M. John
Dba/2j Mice Are Susceptible To Diabetic Nephropathy And Diabetic Exacerbation Of Iop Elevation, Ileana Soto Reyes, Gareth R. Howell, Cai W. John, Joseph L. Kief, Richard T. Libby, Simon W.M. John
Ileana Soto Reyes
Some pathological manifestations of diabetes in the eye include retinopathy, cataracts and elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). Loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in non-proliferative stages of diabetic retinopathy and small increases in IOP in diabetic patients has raised the possibility that diabetes affects the development and progression of ocular hypertension and glaucoma. The Ins2Akita mutation is known to cause diabetes and retinopathy on a C57BL/6J (B6) background by as early as 3 months of age. Here, the impact of the Akita mutation on glaucoma was assessed using DBA/2J (D2) mice, a widely used mouse model of ocular hypertension induced glaucoma. …
Apoe Stabilization By Exercise Prevents Aging Neurovascular Dysfunction And Complement Induction, Ileana Soto Reyes, Leah C. Graham, Hannah J. Richter, Stephen N. Simeone, Jake E. Radell, Weronika Grabowska, W. Keith Funkhouser, Megan C. Howell, Gareth R. Howell
Apoe Stabilization By Exercise Prevents Aging Neurovascular Dysfunction And Complement Induction, Ileana Soto Reyes, Leah C. Graham, Hannah J. Richter, Stephen N. Simeone, Jake E. Radell, Weronika Grabowska, W. Keith Funkhouser, Megan C. Howell, Gareth R. Howell
Ileana Soto Reyes
Aging is the major risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, but little is known about the processes that lead to age-related decline of brain structures and function. Here we use RNA-seq in combination with high resolution histological analyses to show that aging leads to a significant deterioration of neurovascular structures including basement membrane reduction, pericyte loss, and astrocyte dysfunction. Neurovascular decline was sufficient to cause vascular leakage and correlated strongly with an increase in neuroinflammation including up-regulation of complement component C1QA in microglia/monocytes. Importantly, long-term aerobic exercise from midlife to old age prevented this age-related neurovascular decline, …
Lysosomes Mediate Rab27b-Dependent Secretion Of Beta-Amyloid, Shany Lahan
Lysosomes Mediate Rab27b-Dependent Secretion Of Beta-Amyloid, Shany Lahan
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Extracellular deposition of beta-Amyloid (Aβ) is an early event in Alzheimer’s disease development. However, it is not known how Aβ is secreted. Lysosomes readily undergo calcium-dependent exocytosis, a process that relies on small GTPase Rab27b. In addition, lysosomal enzymes have been found within extracellular amyloid plaques. We hypothesized that lysosomes mediate Rab27b-dependent exocytosis of Aβ. Neuro-2a cells were transfected with wild-type or mutant Rab27b constructs and/or a lysosomal marker. Cells were incubated with Aβ monomers and imaged using a confocal microscope before and after stimulation of calcium-dependent exocytosis. We observed a significant decrease in lysosome and Aβ co-localization post-treatment in …
In Search Of Psychiatric Kinds: Natural Kinds And Natural Classification In Psychiatry, Nicholas Slothouber
In Search Of Psychiatric Kinds: Natural Kinds And Natural Classification In Psychiatry, Nicholas Slothouber
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
In recent years both philosophers and scientists have asked whether or not our current kinds of mental disorder—e.g., schizophrenia, depression, bipolar disorder—are natural kinds; and, moreover, whether or not the search for natural kinds of mental disorder is a realistic desideratum for psychiatry. In this dissertation I clarify the sense in which a kind can be said to be “natural” or “real” and argue that, despite a few notable exceptions, kinds of mental disorder cannot be considered natural kinds. Furthermore, I contend that psychopathological phenomena do not cluster together into kinds in the way that paradigmatic natural kinds (e.g., chemical …
Altering Social Cue Perception Impacts Honey Bee Aggression With Minimal Impacts On Aggression-Related Brain Gene Expression, James W. Harrison, Joseph H. Palmer, Clare C. Rittschof
Altering Social Cue Perception Impacts Honey Bee Aggression With Minimal Impacts On Aggression-Related Brain Gene Expression, James W. Harrison, Joseph H. Palmer, Clare C. Rittschof
Entomology Faculty Publications
Gene expression changes resulting from social interactions may give rise to long term behavioral change, or simply reflect the activity of neural circuitry associated with behavioral expression. In honey bees, social cues broadly modulate aggressive behavior and brain gene expression. Previous studies suggest that expression changes are limited to contexts in which social cues give rise to stable, relatively long-term changes in behavior. Here we use a traditional beekeeping approach that inhibits aggression, smoke exposure, to deprive individuals of aggression-inducing olfactory cues and evaluate whether behavioral changes occur in absence of expression variation in a set of four biomarker genes …
A Computational Study Of Sleep And The Hemispheres Of The Brain, Tera Ashley Glaze
A Computational Study Of Sleep And The Hemispheres Of The Brain, Tera Ashley Glaze
Dissertations
Sleep and sleep cycles have been studied for over a century, and scientists have worked on modeling sleep for nearly as long as computers have existed. Despite this extensive study, sleep still holds many mysteries. Larger and more extensive sleep-wake models have been developed, and the circadian drive has been depicted in numerous fashions, as well as incorporated into scores of studies. With the ever-growing knowledge of sleep comes the need to find more ways to examine, quantify, and define it in the context of the most complex part of the human anatomy – the brain. Presented here is the …