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Articles 1201 - 1230 of 1301

Full-Text Articles in Neuroscience and Neurobiology

Psycho-Social Effects Of A Brain-Training Program Among Healthy Older Adults, Desma Hurley, M. Jean Turner, William C. Bailey Jan 2008

Psycho-Social Effects Of A Brain-Training Program Among Healthy Older Adults, Desma Hurley, M. Jean Turner, William C. Bailey

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

Grounded in cognitive neuroscience and social exchange theory, this research evaluated the relationship between changes in cognitive functioning and two psycho-social dimensions of life among healthy adults over the age of 70 (N=12). Specific psycho-social dimensions examined were social interaction and depression. Six females and six males participated in the study. All were white, college-educated individuals residing in a life-care residential retirement community. The participants used the Posit Science® Brain Fitness Program™, an auditory-based computer training program that improves memory and speed of processing, for forty hours over an eight-week period. Pre- and post-tests related to social interaction and depressive …


Brainstem Cholinergic Modulation Of Muscle Tone In Infant Rats, Andrew J. Gall, Amy Poremba, Mark S. Blumberg Jun 2007

Brainstem Cholinergic Modulation Of Muscle Tone In Infant Rats, Andrew J. Gall, Amy Poremba, Mark S. Blumberg

Faculty Publications

In week-old rats, lesions of the dorsolateral pontine tegmentum (DLPT) and nucleus pontis oralis (PnO) have opposing effects on nuchal muscle tone. Specifically, pups with DLPT lesions exhibit prolonged bouts of nuchal muscle atonia (indicative of sleep) and pups with PnO lesions exhibit prolonged bouts of high nuchal muscle tone (indicative of wakefulness). Here we test the hypothesis that nuchal muscle tone is modulated, at least in part, by cholinergically mediated interactions between these two regions. First, in unanesthetized pups, we found that chemical infusion of the cholinergic agonist carbachol (22 mM, 0.1 µL) within the DLPT produced high muscle …


Divisions Within The Posterior Parietal Cortex Help Touch Meet Vision, Catherine L. Reed Apr 2007

Divisions Within The Posterior Parietal Cortex Help Touch Meet Vision, Catherine L. Reed

CMC Faculty Publications and Research

The parietal cortex is divided into two major functional regions: the anterior parietal cortex that includes primary somatosensory cortex, and the posterior parietal cortex (PPC) that includes the rest of the parietal lobe. The PPC contains multiple representations of space. In Dijkerman and de Haan’s (see record 2007-13802-022) model, higher spatial representations are separate from PPC functions. This model should be developed further so that the functions of the somatosensory system are integrated with specific functions within the PPC and higher spatial representations. Through this further specification of the model, one can make better predictions regarding functional interactions between somatosensory …


Maintenance Of Visual Stability In The Human Posterior Parietal Cortex, Erik Chang, Tony Ro Feb 2007

Maintenance Of Visual Stability In The Human Posterior Parietal Cortex, Erik Chang, Tony Ro

Publications and Research

Visual stability refers to our stable visuospatial perceptions despite the unstable visual input caused by saccades. Functional neuroimaging results, studies on patients with posterior parietal cortex (PPC) lesions, and single-unit recordings in the lateral intraparietal sulcus of primates indirectly suggest that the PPC might be a potential locus of visual stability through its involvement with spatial remapping. Here we directly explored the role of the PPC in visual stability by applying transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) while participants performed a perisaccadic displacement detection task. We show that TMS over the PPC but not a frontal control site alters sensitivity to displacement …


Adolescent Nicotine Exposure Produces Less Affective Measures Of Withdrawal Relative To Adult Nicotine Exposure In Male Rats, Laura O'Dell Jan 2007

Adolescent Nicotine Exposure Produces Less Affective Measures Of Withdrawal Relative To Adult Nicotine Exposure In Male Rats, Laura O'Dell

Selected Works Temporary Series

No abstract provided.


Crf–Crf1 System Activation Mediates Withdrawal-Induced Increases In Nicotine Self-Administration In Nicotine-Dependent Rats., Laura O'Dell Jan 2007

Crf–Crf1 System Activation Mediates Withdrawal-Induced Increases In Nicotine Self-Administration In Nicotine-Dependent Rats., Laura O'Dell

Selected Works Temporary Series

No abstract provided.


Diminished Nicotine Withdrawal In Adolescent Rats: Implications For Vulnerability To Addiction, Laura O'Dell Jan 2007

Diminished Nicotine Withdrawal In Adolescent Rats: Implications For Vulnerability To Addiction, Laura O'Dell

Selected Works Temporary Series

No abstract provided.


“Nicotine Deprivation Effect” In Rats With Intermittent 23-Hour Access To Intravenous Nicotine Self-Administration, Laura O'Dell Jan 2007

“Nicotine Deprivation Effect” In Rats With Intermittent 23-Hour Access To Intravenous Nicotine Self-Administration, Laura O'Dell

Selected Works Temporary Series

No abstract provided.


Viral Vector-Induced Amygdala Npy Overexpression Reverses Increased Alcohol Intake Caused By Repeated Deprivations In Wistar Rats, Laura O'Dell Jan 2007

Viral Vector-Induced Amygdala Npy Overexpression Reverses Increased Alcohol Intake Caused By Repeated Deprivations In Wistar Rats, Laura O'Dell

Selected Works Temporary Series

No abstract provided.


Crf–Crf1 System Activation Mediates Withdrawal-Induced Increases In Nicotine Self-Administration In Nicotine-Dependent Rats., Laura O'Dell Jan 2007

Crf–Crf1 System Activation Mediates Withdrawal-Induced Increases In Nicotine Self-Administration In Nicotine-Dependent Rats., Laura O'Dell

Departmental Papers (Psych)

No abstract provided.


Adolescent Nicotine Exposure Produces Less Affective Measures Of Withdrawal Relative To Adult Nicotine Exposure In Male Rats, Laura O'Dell Jan 2007

Adolescent Nicotine Exposure Produces Less Affective Measures Of Withdrawal Relative To Adult Nicotine Exposure In Male Rats, Laura O'Dell

Departmental Papers (Psych)

No abstract provided.


Viral Vector-Induced Amygdala Npy Overexpression Reverses Increased Alcohol Intake Caused By Repeated Deprivations In Wistar Rats, Laura O'Dell Jan 2007

Viral Vector-Induced Amygdala Npy Overexpression Reverses Increased Alcohol Intake Caused By Repeated Deprivations In Wistar Rats, Laura O'Dell

Departmental Papers (Psych)

No abstract provided.


“Nicotine Deprivation Effect” In Rats With Intermittent 23-Hour Access To Intravenous Nicotine Self-Administration, Laura O'Dell Jan 2007

“Nicotine Deprivation Effect” In Rats With Intermittent 23-Hour Access To Intravenous Nicotine Self-Administration, Laura O'Dell

Departmental Papers (Psych)

No abstract provided.


Sex Differences In The Onset Of Seasonal Reproductive Quiescence In Hamsters, Annaliese K. Beery, Justin J. Trumbull, Jyeming M. Tsao, Ruth M. Costantini, Irving Zucker Jan 2007

Sex Differences In The Onset Of Seasonal Reproductive Quiescence In Hamsters, Annaliese K. Beery, Justin J. Trumbull, Jyeming M. Tsao, Ruth M. Costantini, Irving Zucker

Neuroscience: Faculty Publications

Day length is the primary cue used by many mammals to restrict reproduction to favourable spring and summer months, but it is unknown for any mammal whether the seasonal loss of fertility begins at the same time and occurs at the same rate in females and males; nor it established whether the termination of mating behaviour in males and females coincides with the loss of fertility. We speculated that females, owing to their greater energetic investment in reproduction, are the limiting sex in terminating offspring production in short days (SDs). Oestrous cycles and production of young were monitored in Syrian …


Comparative Perspectives On The Functions Of Sleep, John A. Lesku Dec 2006

Comparative Perspectives On The Functions Of Sleep, John A. Lesku

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Previous comparative studies of sleep identified relationships between sleep and constitutive and ecological variables. Results from these studies helped shape early hypotheses for the function of sleep; however, all were conducted without an explicit phylogenetic or theoretic framework and focused exclusively on mammals. Hence, the validity of their results and applicability to other taxa is unclear. We ( 1) reviewed the literature on sleep in animals, (2) updated and reanalyzed the mammalian dataset using independent contrasts and (3) multivariate path analysis, and ( 4) presented the first quantitative analysis of sleep in a non-mammalian taxon: birds. Following previous mammalian analyses, …


Behavioral And Neurochemical Responses To Cocaine In Periadolescent And Adult Rats, Laura O'Dell Jan 2006

Behavioral And Neurochemical Responses To Cocaine In Periadolescent And Adult Rats, Laura O'Dell

Selected Works Temporary Series

No abstract provided.


Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Within The Central Nucleus Of The Amygdala Mediates Enhanced Ethanol Self-Administration In Ethanol-Dependent Rats During Withdrawal., Laura O'Dell Jan 2006

Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Within The Central Nucleus Of The Amygdala Mediates Enhanced Ethanol Self-Administration In Ethanol-Dependent Rats During Withdrawal., Laura O'Dell

Selected Works Temporary Series

No abstract provided.


Biphasic Alterations In Serotonin1b (5-Ht1b) Receptor Function During Abstinence From Extended Cocaine Self-Administration, Laura O'Dell Jan 2006

Biphasic Alterations In Serotonin1b (5-Ht1b) Receptor Function During Abstinence From Extended Cocaine Self-Administration, Laura O'Dell

Selected Works Temporary Series

No abstract provided.


Diminished Nicotine Withdrawal In Adolescent Rats: Implications For Vulnerability To Addiction, Laura O'Dell Jan 2006

Diminished Nicotine Withdrawal In Adolescent Rats: Implications For Vulnerability To Addiction, Laura O'Dell

Selected Works Temporary Series

No abstract provided.


Extended Access To Nicotine Self-Administration Leads To Dependence: Circadian Measures, Withdrawal Measures, And Extinction Behavior In Rats, Laura O'Dell Jan 2006

Extended Access To Nicotine Self-Administration Leads To Dependence: Circadian Measures, Withdrawal Measures, And Extinction Behavior In Rats, Laura O'Dell

Selected Works Temporary Series

No abstract provided.


Unlimited Access To Heroin Self-Administration: Independent Motivational Markers Of Opiate Dependence, Laura O'Dell Jan 2006

Unlimited Access To Heroin Self-Administration: Independent Motivational Markers Of Opiate Dependence, Laura O'Dell

Selected Works Temporary Series

No abstract provided.


Word Association Tests Of Associative Memory And Implicit Processes: Theoretical And Assessment Issues, Alan W. Stacy, Susan L. Ames, Jerry L. Grenard Jan 2006

Word Association Tests Of Associative Memory And Implicit Processes: Theoretical And Assessment Issues, Alan W. Stacy, Susan L. Ames, Jerry L. Grenard

CGU Faculty Publications and Research

Word association is one of the most commonly used measures of association in cognitive science. These tests have been used to infer association parameters in normative studies, to derive cues and primes used in diverse paradigms (semantic priming, cued recall, illusory memory), to test implicit memory in experimental studies, and to suggest the operation of implicit processes in nonexperimental work. This chapter briefly outlines some of the historical routes and current controversies about association and summarizes basic cognitive research applying associative tests. The authors then describe benefits and limitations of the tests, as well as implications for theory and interventions …


Behavioral And Neurochemical Responses To Cocaine In Periadolescent And Adult Rats, Laura O'Dell Jan 2006

Behavioral And Neurochemical Responses To Cocaine In Periadolescent And Adult Rats, Laura O'Dell

Departmental Papers (Psych)

No abstract provided.


Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Within The Central Nucleus Of The Amygdala Mediates Enhanced Ethanol Self-Administration In Ethanol-Dependent Rats During Withdrawal., Laura O'Dell Jan 2006

Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Within The Central Nucleus Of The Amygdala Mediates Enhanced Ethanol Self-Administration In Ethanol-Dependent Rats During Withdrawal., Laura O'Dell

Departmental Papers (Psych)

No abstract provided.


Biphasic Alterations In Serotonin1b (5-Ht1b) Receptor Function During Abstinence From Extended Cocaine Self-Administration, Laura O'Dell Jan 2006

Biphasic Alterations In Serotonin1b (5-Ht1b) Receptor Function During Abstinence From Extended Cocaine Self-Administration, Laura O'Dell

Departmental Papers (Psych)

No abstract provided.


Extended Access To Nicotine Self-Administration Leads To Dependence: Circadian Measures, Withdrawal Measures, And Extinction Behavior In Rats, Laura O'Dell Jan 2006

Extended Access To Nicotine Self-Administration Leads To Dependence: Circadian Measures, Withdrawal Measures, And Extinction Behavior In Rats, Laura O'Dell

Departmental Papers (Psych)

No abstract provided.


Unlimited Access To Heroin Self-Administration: Independent Motivational Markers Of Opiate Dependence, Laura O'Dell Jan 2006

Unlimited Access To Heroin Self-Administration: Independent Motivational Markers Of Opiate Dependence, Laura O'Dell

Departmental Papers (Psych)

No abstract provided.


Diminished Nicotine Withdrawal In Adolescent Rats: Implications For Vulnerability To Addiction, Laura O'Dell Jan 2006

Diminished Nicotine Withdrawal In Adolescent Rats: Implications For Vulnerability To Addiction, Laura O'Dell

Departmental Papers (Psych)

No abstract provided.


The Effects Of An Analgesic (Biofreeze®) On The Motoneuron Pool Excitability Of The Soleus Muscle, Desiree R. Barth Aug 2005

The Effects Of An Analgesic (Biofreeze®) On The Motoneuron Pool Excitability Of The Soleus Muscle, Desiree R. Barth

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects on the Hoffman reflex and motor response with an analgesic (Biofreeze®). Design: The study was a 2X6 design. The independent variables in this study were treatment and time. The dependent variables were the H-reflex (volts) and the M response (volts). Treatment was randomly assigned to control for the effects of order. Setting: This study took place in the Exercise Physiology Laboratory located in the Health and Human Performance Building at Indiana State University. Subjects: 14 volunteers who were physically active and had no known neurological problems. Measurements: Skin and …


Extraocular Muscle Activity, Rapid Eye Movements And The Development Of Active And Quiet Sleep, Adele M. H. Seelke, Andrew J. Gall, Karl Æ. Karlsson, Mark S. Blumberg Aug 2005

Extraocular Muscle Activity, Rapid Eye Movements And The Development Of Active And Quiet Sleep, Adele M. H. Seelke, Andrew J. Gall, Karl Æ. Karlsson, Mark S. Blumberg

Faculty Publications

Rapid eye movements (REMs), traditionally measured using the electrooculogram (EOG), help to characterize active sleep in adults. In early infancy, however, they are not clearly expressed. Here we measured extraocular muscle activity in infant rats at 3 days of age (P3), P8 and P14-15 in order to assess the ontogeny of REMs and their relationship with other forms of sleep-related phasic activity. We found that the causal relationship between extraocular muscle twitches and REMs strengthened during the first two postnatal weeks, reflecting increased control of the extraocular muscles over eye movements. As early as P3, however, phasic bursts of extraocular …