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Articles 1 - 7 of 7
Full-Text Articles in Virology
Interactions Of The Sars-Cov-2 Viral Genome 3’-Untranslated Region With Viral And Host Rnas, Caleb Frye, Mihaela Rita Mihailescu
Interactions Of The Sars-Cov-2 Viral Genome 3’-Untranslated Region With Viral And Host Rnas, Caleb Frye, Mihaela Rita Mihailescu
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation focuses on the characterization of RNA-RNA interactions within the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) genome and with host microRNAs. As the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), SARS-CoV-2 has evolved rapidly since its appearance. This has warranted prompt characterization of the virus particularly of its single stranded RNA (ssRNA) genome. By using a combination of bioinformatics, biophysics, and/or biological assays, we analyzed the SARS-CoV-2 viral genomic RNA and uncovered interactions of genomic RNA with host RNAs, highlighting an underutilized method of targeting RNA viruses. We showed here that the conserved elements in the viral genomic …
Determination Of The Biological Functions Of Undefined Domains Of Veev Nsp2., Andrew Michael Skidmore
Determination Of The Biological Functions Of Undefined Domains Of Veev Nsp2., Andrew Michael Skidmore
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Alphaviruses are positive sense, single strand, RNA viruses. These viruses occur on every populated continent. Alphaviruses are divided into two clades, the New-World and Old-World viruses. The New-World viruses include Eastern (EEEV), Western (WEEV), and Venezuelan equine encephalitis viruses (VEEV), and cause neuroinvasive disease. The Old-World viruses include Chikungunya (CHIKV) and Ross River viruses (RRV), and typically cause multijoint arthralgia. There are currently no approved antiviral therapeutics or vaccines for any alphavirus, making them a high priority for antiviral drug design and discovery. A benzamidine inhibitor (ML336) of VEEV was characterized, and determined to inhibit replication of VEEV RNA during …
Pseudo-Dumbbell And Dumbbell Rna Structures : Modulators Of Zika Virus Translation And Replication, Marissa Eileen Louis
Pseudo-Dumbbell And Dumbbell Rna Structures : Modulators Of Zika Virus Translation And Replication, Marissa Eileen Louis
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Upon its discovery in 1947, Zika virus has remained in the shadows until its re-emergence in 2015, where Zika virus wreaked havoc on the lives of mothers and their infants around the world. The pathologies related to this virus range from neurological defects, such as Guillain-Barré syndrome, and congenital birth defects, such as Congenital Zika Syndrome, spontaneous miscarriages and fetal demise.Since 2015, this virus has been largely studied, but secondary structure and function of RNA structures at the end of the 3’UTR, namely the pseudo-dumbbell and the dumbbell (DB) structures, remains elusive. Thus, this dissertation addresses several questions pertaining to …
Rna Modifications As A Novel Mediator Of Viral Infection, Rachel Netzband
Rna Modifications As A Novel Mediator Of Viral Infection, Rachel Netzband
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Viral epitranscriptomics is a novel field of RNA biology. Chemical groups are appended to RNA nucleotides under different conditions in cells, and I examine these changes using a mass spectrometry-based approach. Various changes are found to occur in post-transcriptional modifications (PTMs) during viral infection. The field primarily studies a small number of PTMS, such as m6A, while I explore a variety of novel modifications and their impact on viral infection. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection induces a variety of modification changes, including the novel presence of dimethylcytosine (m5Cm/m44C). One Writer enzyme for this modification is determined to likely be METTL15, …
An Evaluation Of Host Factors As Novel Therapeutic Targets During Influenza Infection Using Rna Technologies, Michael Ryan Haden Thompson
An Evaluation Of Host Factors As Novel Therapeutic Targets During Influenza Infection Using Rna Technologies, Michael Ryan Haden Thompson
Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations
Influenza A is a single-stranded, multi-segmented, negative sense RNA virus of the family Orthomyxoviridae and is the causative agent of seasonal Influenza. Influenza viruses cause significant impacts on a global scale regarding public health and economics. Annual influenza virus infections in the United States account for over 200,000 hospitalizations, up to 49,000 deaths, and an $87.1 billion economic burden. Influenza A virus has caused several pandemics since the turn of the 20th century. The effects of Influenza on public health and economics, compounded with low efficacy of the annual vaccine and emerging antiviral resistance, brings to light the need for …
The Evolution Of Molecular Compatibility Between Bacteriophage Φx174 And Its Host, Alexander Kula, Joseph Saelens, Alyxandria M. Schubert, Michael Travisano, Catherine Putonti
The Evolution Of Molecular Compatibility Between Bacteriophage Φx174 And Its Host, Alexander Kula, Joseph Saelens, Alyxandria M. Schubert, Michael Travisano, Catherine Putonti
Bioinformatics Faculty Publications
Viruses rely upon their hosts for biosynthesis of viral RNA, DNA and protein. This dependency frequently engenders strong selection for virus genome compatibility with potential hosts, appropriate gene regulation and expression necessary for a successful infection. While bioinformatic studies have shown strong correlations between codon usage in viral and host genomes, the selective factors by which this compatibility evolves remain a matter of conjecture. Engineered to include codons with a lesser usage and/or tRNA abundance within the host, three different attenuated strains of the bacterial virus ФX174 were created and propagated via serial transfers. Molecular sequence data indicate that biosynthetic …
Further Characterization Of The Nodamura Virus Rna2 3'-Terminal Stem Loop Structure And Its Role In Viral Rna Replication, Joshua Frederick
Further Characterization Of The Nodamura Virus Rna2 3'-Terminal Stem Loop Structure And Its Role In Viral Rna Replication, Joshua Frederick
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
Nodamura virus (NoV) is an excellent model system for studying many aspects of the life cycle of positive-strand RNA viruses. NoV's simple genome organization and ability to replicate its genome to high levels in a wide variety of host cells, including plants, yeast, insects and mammals (Ball et al., 1992; Garzon et al., 1978, 1990; Murphy et al., 1970; Price et al., 2005; Scherer & Hurlbut, 1967; Selling et al., 1990; reviewed by Ball & Johnson, 1998), make it a prime model system for studying the basic mechanisms of viral RNA replication. Other positive-strand RNA viruses, including those that are …