Marine Biology Commons^™

Larval Trophodynamics, Turbulence, And Drift On Georges Bank : A Sensitivity Analysis Of Cod And Haddock, Francisco E. E. Werner, Brian R. Mackenzie, R. Ian Perry, R. Gregory Lough, Christopher E. Naimie, Brian O. Blanton, John A. Quinlan

Dartmouth Scholarship

Using an individual-based model approach we consider trophodynamic effects on the growth and survival of larval cod (Gadus morhua) and haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) on Georges Bank during late winter/early spring. These studies represent an extension of results described in Werner et al. (1996; Deep-Sea Res. II), wherein the effect of turbulence-enhanced larval-prey contact rates increased the effective prey concentration resulting in growth of cod larvae consistent with observed rates in the field. We reformulated the feeding of the larvae to include existing relationships between maximum prey-length and larval-length and we examined: (i) larval search behaviour and …

Physical Factors Of Differentiation In Macrobenthic Communities Between Atoll Lagoons In The Central Tuamotu Archipelago (French Polynesia), Mehdi Adjeroud, Serge Andrefouet, Claude Payri, Joel Orempuller

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Nine atolls were characterized in order to understand how physical factors control the species composition, diversity, and abundance of macrobenthic (coral, mollusc, echinoderm, and algal) communities inside the lagoons. Only one region, the central part of Tuamotu Archipelago, French Polynesia, was considered, in order to minimise the variation due to regional factors between regions. The lagoons investigated showed a gradient of physical factors, providing various landscape configurations. The physical factors were surface area, abundance of pinnacles, degree of hydrodynamic aperture, and relative importance of passes in this degree of aperture. Macrobenthic communities were characterized by low diversity and strong dominance …

Optical Properties Of The Kara Sea, Donald R. Johnson, Vernon L. Asper, Thomas Mcclimans, Alan D. Weidemann

Faculty Publications

This study was motivated by the need to understand dispersion processes which affect the redistribution of nuclear wastes in the Arctic from dump sites in the Kara Sea and in the rivers which flow into the Kara Sea. We focus on vertical profiles of light beam transmission and fluorometry made over the delta region fronting the Ob and Yenisey Rivers and over the East Novaya Zemlya Trough (ENZT). The delta region fronting the Ob River Estuary contains a large repository of particles in a dense bottom nepheloid layer with a maximum centered similar to 100 km in front of the …

Comparison Of Larval Myomere Counts Among Species Of Nocomis In Virginia (Actinopterygii: Cyprinidae), Terre D. Green, Eugene G. Maurakis

Virginia Journal of Science

Larval myomere counts of Nocomis platyrhynchus were made using a dissecting light microscope equipped with polarizing filters, and then compared to those of the three other species of Nocomis (Nocomis leptocephalus, Nocomis micropogon, and Nocomis raneyi) found in Virginia. Average preanal myomere counts for N. platyrhynchus (26.9) were significantly different from those of the other three species (N. raneyi =28.7; N. micropogon =26.0; and N. leptocephalus =25.9). This is especially important as larvae of N. leptocephalus, the only other species of Nocomis syntopic with N. platyrhynchus in the upper New River drainage, can now …

Feeding Habits Of Young-Of-Year Striped Bass, Morone Saxatilis, And White Perch, Morone Americana, In Lower James River, Va, Paul J. Rudershausen, Joseph G. Loesch

Virginia Journal of Science

A total of 188 young-of-year (YOY) striped bass, Morone saxatilis, and 199 YOY white perch, Morone americana, were collected by pushnet, seine and trawl during 24-hour periods from June through August, 1992 in lower James River, Virginia. The purpose was to identify prey and temporal and spatial feeding habits. Copepods were the most numerous prey of both species. Fishes and mysids comprised the largest volumetric percentage of diets of striped bass and white perch, respectively. Using an index of relative importance, leptodorids and copepods were the most important prey of striped bass and white perch, respectively. Both species …

Wind-Forced Reversing Jets In The Western Equatorial Pacific, Megan F. Cronin, Michael J. Mcphaden, Robert H. Weisberg

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Upper-ocean zonal currents in the western equatorial Pacific are remarkably variable, changing direction both with time and depth. As a part of the Tropical Ocean and Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment, an enhanced monitoring array of moorings measured the upper-ocean velocity, temperature, salinity, and, surface meteorological conditions in the western equatorial Pacific for two years (March 1992-April 1994). Data from this array are used to evaluate the zonal momentum balance. Although nonlinear terms (zonal. meridional, and vertical advection) were at times large, reversing jets were primarily due to an interplay between wind forcing and compensating pressure gradients. In the …

Spring 2000, Nsu Oceanographic Center

Currents

No abstract provided.

Plankton Community Composition, Production, And Respiration In Relation To Dissolved Inorganic Carbon On The West Florida Shelf, April 1996, Gary L. Hitchcock, Gabriel A. Vargo, Mary-Lynn L. Dickson

Marine Science Faculty Publications

In April 1996 the Florida Shelf Lagrangian Experiment examined dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) dynamics on the West Florida Shelf. DIC concentrations increased over 2 weeks at an average rate of 1 μmol kg⁻¹ d⁻¹ in a patch of the intentionally released tracers sulfur hexafluoride (SF₆) and helium 3 (³He). Approximately 20% of the increase was due to air‐sea exchange with the remaining 80% attributed to plankton respiration [Wanninkhof et al., 1997]. Here we present particulate matter concentrations, phytoplankton production, and community respiration rates from the tracer patch that suggest that heterotrophs dominated …

Modeling The Growth Dynamics Of Antarctic Krill Euphausia Superba, Eileen E. Hofmann, Cathy M. Lascara

CCPO Publications

A time-dependent, size-structured, bioenergetically based model was developed to examine the growth dynamics of Antarctic krill Euphausia superba 2 to 60 mm in size. The metabolic processes included in the model are ingestion, a baseline respiration, respiratory losses due to feeding and digestion, and an activity-based respiration factor. The total of these processes, net production, was used as the basis for determining the growth or shrinkage of individuals. Size-dependent parameterizations for the metabolic processes were constructed from field and laboratory measurements. Environmental effects were included through time series of pelagic phytoplankton concentration that were derived from data sets collected west …

Horizontal Structure Of The Upper Ocean Velocity And Density Fields In The Western Equatorial Pacific Warm Pool: Depth Range From 20 To 250 M, Alexander Soloviev, Roger Lukas, Peter Hacker

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

Wavenumber spectra of velocity and density fields in the western equatorial Pacific warm pool on scales 6–120 km are estimated using the shipboard survey data collected during the TOGA Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere Response Experiment (COARE). The spectra are averaged over three depth intervals: 20–60, 60–110, and 110–250 m (corresponding to the Yoshida jet, the South Equatorial Current, and the southern edge of Equatorial Undercurrent). The velocity spectra are corrected for the mean flow shear advection, which is important under conditions of low gradient Richardson number (Ri). After that, both velocity and density spectra are consistent with an internal wave spectral model …

Characteristics Of Wind-Generated Rings In The Eastern Tropical Pacific Ocean, Frank E. Muller-Karger, Cesar Fuentes-Yaco

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Eddies are generated in the eastern tropical Pacific (3 degrees S-23 degrees N, 75 degrees-105 degrees W) by winds blowing through Central American mountain passes from the Atlantic. We used Coastal Zone Color Scanner (CZCS) and advanced very high resolution radiometer (AVHRR) satellite imagery complemented with monthly in situ sea surface temperature and wind series from the Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set (COADS) to study these eddies and their effect on pigment concentrations in the region. Pigment values in the Gulf of Tehuantepec generally reach higher values in November-March before those in the Gulf of Papagayo. The eddies generated in the …

Sea Turtle Conservation Program, Broward County, Fl 2000 Report, Curtis M. Burney, William E. Margolis

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Reports

No abstract provided.

Nhep Management Plan 2000, New Hampshire Estuaries Project

PREP Reports & Publications

This Comprehensive Conservation and Management Plan of the New Hampshire Estuaries Project presents a broad framework and specific list of actions to protect and enhance the environmental quality of the estuaries of the State of New Hampshire. It is intended to be a guide for all who use, enjoy, or care about the state’s estuarine resources. The NHEP Management Plan addresses the environmental quality of the entire watershed draining to New Hampshire coastal waters, but focuses action efforts on the lands surrounding the Great Bay and Hampton-Seabrook Estuaries. Due to the national significance of their natural resources, the New Hampshire …

A Technical Characterization Of Estuarine And Coastal New Hampshire, New Hampshire Estuaries Project, Stephen H. Jones

PREP Reports & Publications

This technical characterization report provides a comprehensive compilation of information on key issues related to water quality and natural resources in the estuaries of New Hampshire. The report has identified some significant issues and problems facing these estuaries that will require management attention. Issues common to estuaries across the nation have been addressed to varying extents, depending on their significance in New Hampshire. Much of the trend information is biased by the sporadic interest given to the different resources and water quality issues through the years. Studies have focused to differing extents on the various areas of the coast, providing …

Success And Growth Of Corals Transplanted To Cement Armor Mat Tiles In Southeast Florida: Implications For Reef Restoration, S. L. Thornton, Richard E. Dodge, David S. Gilliam, R. Devictor, P. Cooke

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Proceedings, Presentations, Speeches, Lectures

In 1997, 271 scleractinian corals growing on a sewer outfall pipe were used in a transplantation study offshore from North Dade County, Florida, USA. Corals were removed from the outfall pipe and transplanted onto concrete armor mat tiles used to cover the pipe. Success (number of corals still attached and alive), mortality (number of dead corals), and growth rates of the transplants were assessed between December 1997 and December 1999. Colony surface area and radius length were measured on scanned photographs to estimate horizontal growth rate. After two years post-transplantation, success rate and overall mortality were 87% and 7.8% respectively. …

Reefs And Coral Carpets In The Miocene Paratethys (Badenian, Leitha Limestone, Austria), Bernhard Riegl, W. E. Piller

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Proceedings, Presentations, Speeches, Lectures

Biohermal (reefs) and biostromal (coral carpets) facies were studied in the Austrian Middle Miocene Leitha Limestone. In the Vienna Basin ("Fenk quarry") non-framebuilding and framebuilding biostromal coral communities were found. In the Styrian Basin, well developed patch reefs were observed besides coral carpets. In the Fenk quarry, 2 coral carpet types, four non-framework coral communities, and one bivalve/coral community were found. In "Retznei quarry" (Styrian Basin) patch reefs, basal corallinacean calcarenites were followed by a Ponies layer capped by marl, and the main reef-building higher diversity phase dominated by faviids ( Montastraea, Tarbellastraea). In the "Tittenbacher quarry" no internal …

Skeletal Architecture And Density Banding In Diploria Strigosa By X-Ray Computed Tomography, Kevin P. Helmle, Richard E. Dodge, R. A. Ketcham

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Proceedings, Presentations, Speeches, Lectures

Density bands in corals have long been considered a valuable tool for reconstructing past environmental and climatic conditions. X-radiographs reveal density banding within a skeletal slab, but provide little information about the skeletal variability causing banding. The skeletal architecture of Diploria strigosa was analyzed by X-radiography, X-ray computed tomography, and image analysis to identify the specific skeletal elements responsible for density banding. Threedimensional skeletal reconstructions, density-band reconstructions, and skeletal animations were created to assess the apparent changes in skeletal structure associated with density banding. Measurements were made of the dissepiments, thecae, septa, and columellae to determine how element size related …

The Marine Fishes Of Broward County, Florida Report Of 1999-2000 Survey Results Noaa/Nmfs Order # 40genf900158, Richard E. Spieler

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Reports

No abstract provided.

Should Venezuelan Botos Be Imported Into The U.S.?, Aldemaro Romero Jr.

Publications and Research

No abstract provided.

In Search Of The Elusive “Eyeless” Cave Fish Of Trinidad, W.I, Aldemaro Romero Jr., Joel E. Creswell

Publications and Research

No abstract provided.

State Of New Hampshire's Estuaries, New Hampshire Estuaries Project

PREP Reports & Publications

In this State of the Estuaries Report, the New Hampshire Estuaries Project presents a snapshot of the environmental condition of the state’s estuaries. The Report describes the region’s valuable natural resources, and their essential links to the cultural and economic well-being of the Seacoast region and the state. It identifies challenges and problems that threaten the unique character and natural resource wealth of the estuaries.

This State of the Estuaries Report summarizes the Technical Characterization’s detailed assessment of the environmental condition of the estuaries, and describes in lay terms the scientific basis for the water quality, land use, and other …

Fish Health For Fish Farmers - 2nd Edition, Tina Thorne

Fisheries Published Reports

2nd edition.

Disease is a departure from the normal state of health of a fish or any other animal. Diseases have no doubt occurred among fishes since these animals have occupied a place on the earth. Scientific efforts to understand the causes of disease in fishes, and to attempt to control them however, have only been made during the last sixty years.

Fishes, crustaceans and molluscs, as with other animals are subject to a wide spectrum of diseases, that can be classified as infectious or non-infectious. The vast majority of disease problems in the intensive farming of aquatic animals can …

Artificial Reef Research In Broward County 1993-2000: A Summary Report, Richard E. Spieler

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Reports

Broward County Department of Planning and Environmental Protection (DPEP) and Nova Southeastern University (NSU) have been collaborating on artificial reef research for the past seven years. This paper gives a brief overview of ten completed studies from 1993-2000. These studies entailed approximately 1000 hours of artificial reef construction, 2000 hours of SCUBA diving, 1300 hours of boat time and 1000 hours of data analysis. A detailed discussion of the results has been, or will be, published elsewhere (Gilliam et al., 1995; Sherman et al., 1999; Gilliam, 1999; Sherman, 2000; Sherman et al., in press a, b). In addition, detailed reports …

Effects Of Module Spacing On The Formation And Maintenance Of Fish Assemblages On Artificial Reefs, Richard E. Spieler

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Reports

No abstract provided.

Acth4 -10, Substance P, And Dizolcipine (Mk-801) Accelerate Functional Recovery After Hemilabyrinthectomy In Goldfish, Rosana Mattioli, Joseph P. Huston, Richard E. Spieler

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

In this study, we evaluated the goldfish model of hemilabyrinthectomy for investigating potential recovery-promoting drugs. In this lesion model, the unilateral removal of the labyrinth induces a postural imbalance in response to light (Dorsal Light Reflex), from which the animals can recover over time. The behavioral effects of two neuropeptides were tested–namely, of substance P and ACTH4-10, both of which are known to promote functional recovery in several other lesion models. Furthermore, the effect of MK- 801, an antagonist of the glutamatergic NMDAreceptor subtype, was tested because this substance has also been shown to exert a neuroprotective effect. After lesion …

Sistem Maklumat Multimedia Batu Karang Malaysia (Mcris), Shamsudin Suhainah

Student Works (2000-2009)

Projek Ilmiah merupakan syarat wajib kepada para pelajar yang mengambil kursus Sarjana Muda Teknologi Maklumat (Pengurusan) di Universiti Malaya yang ingin menamatkan pengajian mereka. Projek ini terbahagi kepada dua bahagian iaitu Projek Ilmiah Tahap Awal (WXET 3181) dan Projek Ilmiah Tahap Akhir (WXET 3182). Pelajar dibenarkan memilih tajuk sendiri. Maka, saya telah memilih tajuk Sistem Maklumat Multimedia Batu Karang di Malaysia (McRis) di bawah seliaan En. Mustaffa Kamal dan Dr. Mazliza sebagai moderator. McRis merupakan satu sistem maklumat yang berkaitan dengan batu karang yang terdapat di firdausi taman laut kita seperti jenis-jenisnya dan sedikit penerangan yang disertakan dengan gambar yang …

Oceanic And Neritic Ichthyoplankton At The Edge Of The Continental Shelf In The Southern Gulf Of Mexico, Cesar Flores-Coto, Fernando Flores-Hernandez, Faustino Zavala-Garcia, Virgilio Arenas-Fuentes, Maria Adela Monreal-Gomez, David Alberto Salas-De-Leon

Gulf and Caribbean Research

Oceanic and neritic ichthyoplankton were examined at a single sampling site at the edge of the continental shelf in the southern Gulf of Mexico. Double oblique tows were made with a 60 cm Bongo net fitted with 505 µm mesh netting. Collections were taken every 2 hours over a 24 h period during spring, summer and fall of 1992. Fish larvae were described as either oceanic or neritic depending upon adult lifestage habitat. The larvae of 59 taxa were collected in spring (50 oceanic, 9 neritic), 53 in summer (26 oceanic, 27 neritic) and 55 in fall (22 oceanic, 33 …

Lunar Periodicity And Bioluminescence Of Swarming Odontosyllis Luminosa (Polychaeta: Syllidae) In Belize, Gary R. Gaston, Jennifer Hall

Gulf and Caribbean Research

Few benthic polychaetes have the notoriety of the bioluminescent “glowworm”, Odontosyllis luminosa San Martin, 1990, that inhabits soft-sediment habitats of the Caribbean. A few nights after a full moon, apparently during most months of the year, a most unusual phenomenon occurs. Female glowworms leave the sediments, swim toward the water surface, and release a bioluminescent egg mass, causing a bright green glow near the water’s surface. The female’s luminescence attracts the males, which also glow briefly. The tiny worm has a bright glow, and viewing it is a favorite pasttime in the Caribbean. Over 50 years ago investigators linked the …

Micro- And Macrodiversity In Rbcl Sequences In Ambient Phytoplankton Populations From The Southeastern Gulf Of Mexico, John H. Paul, Albin Alfreider, Boris Wawrik

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Ribulose-1,5-diphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO) large subunit genes (rbcL) were obtained by amplification and cloning of 554 or 614 bp sequences of indigenous phytoplankton populations at 2 stations in the southeastern Gulf of Mexico. One station (Stn 4) was located in a low salinity, high chlorophyll plume (the ŒGreen River¹) which has previously been shown to contain elevated levels of Form IA rbcL mRNA while the other (Stn 7) was in oligotrophic, oceanic water. A diversity of rbcL sequences was obtained, spanning 3 of the 4 evolutionary clades of Form I RuBisCOs. Six nucleotide sequences obtained from Stn 4 were …

Equatorial Upwelling In The Central Pacific Estimated From Moored Velocity Profilers, Robert H. Weisberg, Lin Qiao

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Horizontal divergence and vertical velocity (w) are estimated at 0°, 140°W using an array of five subsurface moored acoustic Doppler current profilers deployed from May 1990 to June 1991 during the Tropical Instability Wave Experiment. The record-length mean flow is divergent within the near-surface region and convergent within the thermocline, with maximum convergence located at the high speed core of the Equatorial Undercurrent (EUC). This pattern of divergence results in upwelling at and above the EUC core (with maximum value of 2.3 × 10−5 m s−1 located at 60-m depth) and downwelling below the core. The relative slopes in the …