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The University of Southern Mississippi

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Articles 541 - 570 of 883

Full-Text Articles in Marine Biology

Diet Of Tripletail, Lobotes Surinamensis, From Mississippi Coastal Waters, James S. Franks, Katherine E. Vanderkooy, Nikola M. Garber Jan 2003

Diet Of Tripletail, Lobotes Surinamensis, From Mississippi Coastal Waters, James S. Franks, Katherine E. Vanderkooy, Nikola M. Garber

Gulf and Caribbean Research

The diet of tripletail, Lobotes surinamensis, collected from the Mississippi Sound and Mississippi's offshore waters of the Gulf of Mexico between April and September 1995-1997, was investigated through analysis of stomach contents. Of 178 tripletail stomachs examined, 136 (76%) contained prey items, and 42 (24%) were empty. Tripletail with prey in their stomachs ranged from 183 to 787 mm total length (mean 522.6 mm) and 0.14 to 10.5 kg total weight (mean 3.64 kg). The diet consisted of 32 different prey types and was comprised of shrimp, crabs, and teleost fishes which were represented by about equal number and …

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The Biology Of Wahoo (Acanthocybium Solandri) In The Western Central Atlantic, Hazel A. Oxenford, Peter A. Murray, Brian E. Luckhurst Jan 2003

The Biology Of Wahoo (Acanthocybium Solandri) In The Western Central Atlantic, Hazel A. Oxenford, Peter A. Murray, Brian E. Luckhurst

Gulf and Caribbean Research

This contribution summarizes aspects of the biology of the wahoo, Acanthocybium solandri (Scombridae), that are pertinent to assessment and management of this species in the western central Atlantic (WCA). In this region wahoo is a target species for both commercial and recreational fisheries, and annual landings appear to have increased steadily over the last 30 years to in excess of 2000 mt. Wahoo is believed to be migratory, but little is known of the migration patterns. Significant seasonal variation in catches within the region indicates that it is seasonally abundant in most locations. Periods of peak abundance occur from the …

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Using A Modified Purse Seine To Collect And Monitor Estuarine Fishes, Michael R. Wessel, Brent L. Winner Jan 2003

Using A Modified Purse Seine To Collect And Monitor Estuarine Fishes, Michael R. Wessel, Brent L. Winner

Gulf and Caribbean Research

We developed a modified purse seine to sample shallow water estuarine habitats and evaluated the efficacy of using this gear as a tool for monitoring estuarine fish populations in Tampa Bay, Florida. The purse seine (183-m long, 5.2 m deep and 50-mm stretch mesh nylon throughout) was easily deployed and retrieved by a 7 m flat-bottomed, bow-driven boat with a hydraulic wench and aluminum pursing davit. Retention rates of pinfish (Lagodon rhomboides) marked and released into 35 net sets averaged 49% (range 9-100%). Retention rates were not significantly influenced by sets over vegetated and unvegetated bottom types, various …

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The Extent And Spatial Scale Of Connectivity Among Reef Fish Populations: Implications For Marine Protected Areas Designated For Fisheries Enhancement, Peter F. Sale, Stuart A. Ludsin Jan 2003

The Extent And Spatial Scale Of Connectivity Among Reef Fish Populations: Implications For Marine Protected Areas Designated For Fisheries Enhancement, Peter F. Sale, Stuart A. Ludsin

Gulf and Caribbean Research

Enthusiasm for the use of no-take marine protected areas (MPAs) as management tools for the protection and enhancement of coral reef fishes is widespread. However, evidence that such marine reserves actually enhance fishery yields is limited, primarily because of difficulties in quantifying the exchange of individuals—especially larvae—between local populations within and outside the protected area. Knowledge of the extent and spatial scale of this connectivity is of vital importance for the effective design and implementation of marine reserves intended as fishery management tools. We review our current understanding of connectivity among coral reef populations, including the role of important determining …

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Sea Surface Salinity Measurements In The Historical Database, Frederick M. Bingham, Stephan D. Howden, Chester J. Koblinsky Dec 2002

Sea Surface Salinity Measurements In The Historical Database, Frederick M. Bingham, Stephan D. Howden, Chester J. Koblinsky

Faculty Publications

We have examined historical distributions of sea surface salinity (SSS) observations in a data set consisting of a combination of the World Ocean Database 1998 (WOD98) and a thermosalinograph and bucket salinity database collected from volunteer observing ships. It is well known that SSS in much of the world's ocean is measured infrequently or not at all. We find that 27% of one-degree squares in the world ocean (open and coastal, excluding the Arctic Ocean) had no observations of SSS in the historical database, and 70% had 10 or fewer. Systematic sampling of SSS (more than 10,000 observations per year …

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The Equatorial Thermocline Outcroppin - A Seasonal Control On The Tropical Pacific Ocean-Atmosphere Instability Strength, Eli Galanti, Eli Tziperman, Matthew Harrison, Anthony Rosati, Ralf Giering, Ziv Sirkes Oct 2002

The Equatorial Thermocline Outcroppin - A Seasonal Control On The Tropical Pacific Ocean-Atmosphere Instability Strength, Eli Galanti, Eli Tziperman, Matthew Harrison, Anthony Rosati, Ralf Giering, Ziv Sirkes

Faculty Publications

One of the major factors determining the strength and extent of ENSO events is the instability state of the equatorial Pacific coupled ocean-atmosphere system and its seasonal variations. This study analyzes the coupled instability in a hybrid coupled model of the Indo-Pacific region, using the adjoint method for sensitivity studies. It is found that the seasonal changes in the ocean-atmosphere instability strength in the model used here are related to the outcropping of the thermocline in the east equatorial Pacific. From July to December, when the thermocline outcrops over a wide area in the east Pacific, there is a strong …

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Evolution And Dynamics Of Tropical River Plumes In The Great Barrier Reef: An Integrated Remote Sensing And In Situ Study, D.M. Burrage, M.L. Heron, J.M. Hacker, T.C. Stieglitz, C.R. Steinberg, A. Prytz Sep 2002

Evolution And Dynamics Of Tropical River Plumes In The Great Barrier Reef: An Integrated Remote Sensing And In Situ Study, D.M. Burrage, M.L. Heron, J.M. Hacker, T.C. Stieglitz, C.R. Steinberg, A. Prytz

Faculty Publications

[1] The short-lived but intense discharge of freshwater from tropical rivers into the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) Lagoon and the associated salinity reductions are a critical consideration in marine research and management of the ecologically sensitive GBR World Heritage Area. Salinity provides a unique tracer that gives clues to the origin of river-borne contaminants and allows the influences of storm-induced resuspension and river discharge on turbidity to be clearly distinguished. We describe a field investigation of the evolution and dynamics of the Herbert River plume in the central GBR. Its primary goals were to use an airborne salinity mapper and …

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Comparison Of Algorithms For Estimating Ocean Primary Production From Surface Chlorophyll, Temperature, And Irradiance, Janet Campbell, David Antoine, Robert Armstrong, Kevin Arrigo, William Balch, Richard Barber, Michael Behrenfield, Robert Bidigare, James Bishop, Mary-Elena Carr, Wayne Esaias, Paul Falkowski, Nicolas Hoepffner, Richard Iverson, Dale Kiefer, Steven E. Lohrenz, John Marra, Andre Morel, John Ryan, Vladimir Vedernekov, Kirk Waters, Charles Yentsch, James Yoder Jul 2002

Comparison Of Algorithms For Estimating Ocean Primary Production From Surface Chlorophyll, Temperature, And Irradiance, Janet Campbell, David Antoine, Robert Armstrong, Kevin Arrigo, William Balch, Richard Barber, Michael Behrenfield, Robert Bidigare, James Bishop, Mary-Elena Carr, Wayne Esaias, Paul Falkowski, Nicolas Hoepffner, Richard Iverson, Dale Kiefer, Steven E. Lohrenz, John Marra, Andre Morel, John Ryan, Vladimir Vedernekov, Kirk Waters, Charles Yentsch, James Yoder

Faculty Publications

[1] Results of a single-blind round-robin comparison of satellite primary productivity algorithms are presented. The goal of the round-robin exercise was to determine the accuracy of the algorithms in predicting depth-integrated primary production from information amenable to remote sensing. Twelve algorithms, developed by 10 teams, were evaluated by comparing their ability to estimate depth-integrated daily production (IP, mg C m(-2)) at 89 stations in geographically diverse provinces. Algorithms were furnished information about the surface chlorophyll concentration, temperature, photosynthetic available radiation, latitude, longitude, and day of the year. Algorithm results were then compared with IP estimates derived from (14)C uptake measurements …

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Spatial And Temporal Variability In Zooplankton Community Dynamics In Three Urbanized Bayous Of The Pensacola Bay System, Florida, Usa, Emile M. Lores, Michael A. Lewis, Ziad A. Malaeb Jan 2002

Spatial And Temporal Variability In Zooplankton Community Dynamics In Three Urbanized Bayous Of The Pensacola Bay System, Florida, Usa, Emile M. Lores, Michael A. Lewis, Ziad A. Malaeb

Gulf and Caribbean Research

Spatial and temporal patterns in zooplankton community composition and abundance in coastal areas of the Gulf of Mexico are not well understood. Spatial and temporal differences in zooplankton community composition and abundance from 10 stations located in four sites are presented (Pensacola Bay and Bayou Texar, Bayou Chico, and Bayou Grande, three adjacent mesohaline-tidal bayous affected by urban and industrial development). Statistically significant differences (P < 0.05) were found in log-biovolume among sites. The mean biovolume of zooplankton was highest in Pensacola Bay (0.38 ml m-3) followed by Bayou Grande (0.21 ml m-3), Bayou Chico (0.14 ml m-3), and Bayou Texar (0.06 ml m-3). Mean zooplankton abundances (organisms m-3) in Pensacola …

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Crustacea Of The Cayman Islands, British West Indies. I. Records Of Mysids From Shallow Water Non-Reef Habitats, W. Wayne Price, Richard W. Heard, Jason T. Harris, Croy M.R. Mccoy Jan 2002

Crustacea Of The Cayman Islands, British West Indies. I. Records Of Mysids From Shallow Water Non-Reef Habitats, W. Wayne Price, Richard W. Heard, Jason T. Harris, Croy M.R. Mccoy

Gulf and Caribbean Research

A single species of mysid Siriella chierchiae has been previously reported from the Cayman Islands. However, between May 1995 and August 1999, 20 species of mysids were collected from shallow water non-reef habitats surrounding Grand Cayman and Little Cayman Islands. Of the species collected, one species Anchialina typica has a cosmopolitan distribution in tropical and subtropical seas. Thirteen species (Amathimysis cherados, A. gibba, Bowmaniella johnsoni, Dioptromysis paucispinosa, Heteromysis bermudensis, H. mayana, Mysidium columbiae, M. gracile, M. integrum, Mysidopsis bispinulata, M. brattstromi, Parvimysis bahamensis, Siriella chierchiae) are …

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Tanaidacea (Crustacea: Peracardia) Of The Gulf Of Mexico. X. The Question Of Being Male, Kim Larsen Jan 2002

Tanaidacea (Crustacea: Peracardia) Of The Gulf Of Mexico. X. The Question Of Being Male, Kim Larsen

Gulf and Caribbean Research

Three new species Parafilitanais mexicana, Collettea elongata, and Paragathotanais medius are described from deep-sea localities in the Gulf of Mexico. The male of Parafilitanais does not vary conspicuously from the female, except for possessing pleopods. Male Paragathotanais reveal that the mouthparts display some degree of sexual dimorphism. Males of all 3 species possess functional mouthparts. The problems identifying male Tanaidacea are discussed. The number of terminal spiniform setae on the maxillule is considered invalid as a diagnostic character. Keys to the species of Parafilitanais and Paragathotanais are given.

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Tanapseudes Gutui, A New Species Of Apseudomorphan Tanaidacea (Crustacea: Peracarida) From The Caribbean Sea And The Taxonomic Status Of The Family Tanapseudidae Băcescu, Thomas Hansknecht, Richard W. Heard, Roger Bamber Jan 2002

Tanapseudes Gutui, A New Species Of Apseudomorphan Tanaidacea (Crustacea: Peracarida) From The Caribbean Sea And The Taxonomic Status Of The Family Tanapseudidae Băcescu, Thomas Hansknecht, Richard W. Heard, Roger Bamber

Gulf and Caribbean Research

Tanapseudes gutui, n. sp., is described from depths of 3–34 m off San Juan, Puerto Rico, and 4– 5 m off Goat Island, Tobago. Tanapseudes sinensis Bamber from Hong Kong waters is re-examined and determined to represent a junior synonym of the type species T. ormuzana Băcescu which was originally collected in the Straights of Hormuz off Iran. Tanapseudes gutui can be distinguished from T. ormuzana by several characters including details of the mouth parts, the presence of a reduced spiniform seta on the distotergal margin of the propodus of pereopod 1, pereonites 3–6 with rounded anterior margins, and …

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Hydrobiid Snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Rissooidea) From St. Andrew Bay, Florida, Richard W. Heard, Robin M. Overstreet, John M. Foster Jan 2002

Hydrobiid Snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Rissooidea) From St. Andrew Bay, Florida, Richard W. Heard, Robin M. Overstreet, John M. Foster

Gulf and Caribbean Research

Heleobops sp. of Hershler and Thompson appears to be the only previously published record for the gastropod family Hydrobiidae Troschel in tidal waters of the St. Andrew Bay System, Florida. Six species occurred in bayous, marshes, and brackish ponds associated with the System during studies conducted between 1984 and 1999: Texadina barretti (Morrison), Texadina sphinctostoma Abbott and Ladd, Littoridinops monroensis (Frauenfeld), Littoridinops palustris Thompson, Onobops jacksoni (Bartsch), and Heleobops sp. A. The last is an apparently undescribed species closely related to Heleobops carrikeri Davis and McKee. Based in part on this study, Heleobops sp. A, which occurs in brackish habitats …

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First Record And Habitat Notes For The Genus Lightiella (Crustacea, Cephalocarida, Hutchinsoniellidae) From The British Virgin Islands, Joel W. Martin, Donald B. Cadien, Todd L. Zimmerman Jan 2002

First Record And Habitat Notes For The Genus Lightiella (Crustacea, Cephalocarida, Hutchinsoniellidae) From The British Virgin Islands, Joel W. Martin, Donald B. Cadien, Todd L. Zimmerman

Gulf and Caribbean Research

The crustacean class Cephalocarida, as currently understood, is comprised of five genera and ten species (Hessler and Elofsson 1996, Hessler and Wakabara 2000). Although in some instances numerous specimens have been collected in a single locale (e.g., the nearly 120 specimens of Lightiella incisa Gooding, 1963 from Puerto Rico studied by Sanders and Hessler (1964), and the numerous specimens of Hutchinsoniella macracantha Sanders, 1955 now known from Buzzards Bay, Massachusetts, see Hessler and Sanders 1973:193), most reports are based on very few specimens. For example, the original description of the genus Hutchinsoniella Sanders, 1955 was based on only eight specimens …

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Pfiesteria: Review Of The Science And Identification Of Research Gaps. Report For The National Center For Environmental Health, Centers For Disease Control And Prevention, Jonathan Samet, Gary S. Bignami, Robert Feldman, William E. Hawkins, Jerry Neff, Theodore Smayda Oct 2001

Pfiesteria: Review Of The Science And Identification Of Research Gaps. Report For The National Center For Environmental Health, Centers For Disease Control And Prevention, Jonathan Samet, Gary S. Bignami, Robert Feldman, William E. Hawkins, Jerry Neff, Theodore Smayda

Faculty Publications

In connection with the CDC National Conference on Pfiesteria, a multidisciplinary panel evaluated Pfiesteria-related research. The panel set out what was known and what was not known about adverse effects of the organism on estuarine ecology, fish, and human, health; assessed the methods used in Pfiesteria research; and offered suggestions to address data gaps. The panel's expertise covered dinoflagellate ecology; fish pathology and toxicology; laboratory measurement of toxins, epidemiology, and neurology. The panel evaluated peer-reviewed and non-peer-reviewed literature available through June 2000 in a systematic conceptual framework that moved from the source of exposure, through exposure research and dose, to …

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Effects Of River Inputs Into The Bay Of Bengal, Stephan D. Howden, Raghu Murtugudde Sep 2001

Effects Of River Inputs Into The Bay Of Bengal, Stephan D. Howden, Raghu Murtugudde

Faculty Publications

The effect of river runoff in the Bay of Bengal is examined using a reduced gravity primitive equation ocean model coupled to an atmospheric boundary layer model. Model simulations are carried out by including river discharges as surface freshwater forcing at the mouths of the rivers. To assess the effect of river inputs on the dynamics and thermodynamics of the tropical Indian Ocean, parallel simulations are carried out by neglecting the river inputs. Additionally, another set of parallel runs without penetrative radiation loss through the mixed layer is carried out. The freshwater flux due to rivers results in lower salinities …

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Experimental Evaluation Of Vitellogenin As A Predictive Biomarker For Reproductive Disruption, Ann Oliver Cheek, Thea Hoexum Brouwer, Suzanne Carroll, Steve Manning, John A. Mclachlan, Marius Brouwer Jul 2001

Experimental Evaluation Of Vitellogenin As A Predictive Biomarker For Reproductive Disruption, Ann Oliver Cheek, Thea Hoexum Brouwer, Suzanne Carroll, Steve Manning, John A. Mclachlan, Marius Brouwer

Faculty Publications

Vitellogenin (VTG) synthesis in male oviparous vertebrates is used as an indicator of environmental estrogen exposure, but the relationship between elevated VTG levels and the effects of environmental estrogens on reproductive success are poorly understood. To examine whether altered VTG expression predicts reproductive impairment, we exposed medaka (Oryzias latipes) for 2 or 8 weeks posthatch to 0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.5, and 7.5 ppb of the environmental estrogen o,p ' -DDT. Fish were sampled 2, 4, and 8 weeks after hatch to examine VTG expression and gonad development. After exposure, fish were transferred to clean water, grown to sexual maturity, and …

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Chloropigment Distribution And Transport On The Inner Shelf Off Duck, North Carolina, Eurico J. D'Sa, Steven E. Lohrenz, James H. Churchill, Vernon L. Asper, John L. Largier, Albert J. Williams Iii Jun 2001

Chloropigment Distribution And Transport On The Inner Shelf Off Duck, North Carolina, Eurico J. D'Sa, Steven E. Lohrenz, James H. Churchill, Vernon L. Asper, John L. Largier, Albert J. Williams Iii

Faculty Publications

The distribution and movement of chloropigments (chlorophylls and associated degradation products) in the bottom boundary layer near Duck, North Carolina, were examined during July and August 1994. Time series of chloropigment fluorescence, current velocity, and surface wave properties were acquired from instruments mounted on a bottom tripod set at 20 m depth. These data were combined with moored current meter measurements, meteorological data, and shipboard surveys in a comparative assessment of physical processes and chloropigment distribution over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales. Two dominant scales of chloropigment variation were observed. On numerous occasions, small-scale (order m) structure …

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Seasonal Variation Of The North Atlantic Current, Max I. Yaremchuk, Dmitri A. Nechaev, Keith R. Thompson Apr 2001

Seasonal Variation Of The North Atlantic Current, Max I. Yaremchuk, Dmitri A. Nechaev, Keith R. Thompson

Faculty Publications

The seasonal circulation of the upper 1000 m of the North Atlantic between 40 degrees -55 degreesN and 20 degrees -40 degreesW is calculated using the traditional dynamic method and a circulation model with a density field that evolves with the flow. The model is of finite difference form and is based on dynamics that describe the nonlinear evolution of the ocean at low Rossby number. The model is controlled by initial and boundary conditions that include air-sea buoyancy and momentum fluxes. The model is run in two ways: with controls specified directly from observations and with controls inferred by …

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Morphology Of The First Zoeal Stage Of Platypodiella Spectabilis (Herbst, 1794) (Decapoda, Brachyura, Xanthidae) Obtained In The Laboratory, Adilson Fransozo, Maria Lucia Negreiros-Fransozo, Joel W. Martin, Sandra E. Trautwein Jan 2001

Morphology Of The First Zoeal Stage Of Platypodiella Spectabilis (Herbst, 1794) (Decapoda, Brachyura, Xanthidae) Obtained In The Laboratory, Adilson Fransozo, Maria Lucia Negreiros-Fransozo, Joel W. Martin, Sandra E. Trautwein

Gulf and Caribbean Research

Ovigerous females of the xanthid crab Platypodiella spectabilis (Herbst, 1794) were obtained from 2 widely separated localities: the Ubatuba coast (Félix Beach, São Paulo) of Brazil and Guana Island in the British Virgin Islands (BVI). First stage zoea larvae were obtained from females at both locations. Those from Brazil are described and illustrated. The first zoea bears dorsal, rostral, and lateral carapace spines, plus a well-developed and spinose antennal protopod that bears a greatly reduced exopod with 2 minute setae. This antennal morphology, along with other characters, places the species among the “Group I” xanthid zoeas of Rice (1980) and …

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Gulf Estuarine Research Society Fall 2000 Meeting Abstracts Jan 2001

Gulf Estuarine Research Society Fall 2000 Meeting Abstracts

Gulf and Caribbean Research

The Fall 2000 meeting of the Gulf Estuarine Research Society (GERS) was held at the Holiday Inn in Hammond, Louisiana on Monday and Tuesday, November 13 and 14, 2000. Local arrangements were organized by Denise J. Reed (University of New Orleans) and Robert W. Hastings (Southeastern Louisiana University) with significant support from Carolyn Woosley and Dr. Gary P. Shaffer. The Scientific Program was organized by Mark S. Peterson (The University of Southern Mississippi).

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Utilization Of Saltmarsh Shorelines By Newly Settled Sciaenids In A Texas Estuary, Bert W. Geary, Jay R. Rooker, James W. Webb Jan 2001

Utilization Of Saltmarsh Shorelines By Newly Settled Sciaenids In A Texas Estuary, Bert W. Geary, Jay R. Rooker, James W. Webb

Gulf and Caribbean Research

Post-settlement patterns of habitat use along saltmarsh shorelines of Galveston Bay, Texas were examined for three sciaenids; spotted seatrout (Cynoscion nebulosus), red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus), and Atlantic croaker (Micropogonias undulatus). Collections were made summer through fall of 1997 and 1998 using a 1.5-m beam trawl hand-towed along the outside edge of salt marshes. Sciaenids were collected from tidal pass, bay, and remote tidal creek areas to assess large-scale (bay-wide) patterns of distribution and abundance. Cynoscion nebulosus were smaller and most numerous at bay stations, with densities peaking in June. Conversely, S. ocellatus were collected …

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Gastropod Larvae And Zooplankton In Reef-Related Areas Of The Western Caribbean Sea, Alberto De Jesus-Navarrete, Jose Juan Oliva-Rivera Jan 2001

Gastropod Larvae And Zooplankton In Reef-Related Areas Of The Western Caribbean Sea, Alberto De Jesus-Navarrete, Jose Juan Oliva-Rivera

Gulf and Caribbean Research

In order to estimate the composition, distribution and abundance of zooplankton in 3 areas off the western Caribbean, samples were collected in 15 stations at South Coast and Chinchorro Bank, Mexico, and Hol-Chan Belize, from April to December 1996. Duplicate samples (2.5 m3) were collected bimonthly using a submersible pump. The pumped water was filtered through a 202 μm mesh net yielding a total of 20 zooplankton groups. Chinchorro Bank had 19 groups, South Coast had 15 groups, and Hol-Chan had 14 groups. The most abundant groups were copepods (43.1%), fish eggs (29.0%), foraminifera (12.0%), decapod larvae (5.7%) …

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Growth Of Captive Juvenile Tripletail Lobotes Surinamensis, James S. Franks, John T. Ogle, J. Read Hendon, Donald N. Barnes, L. Casey Nicholson Jan 2001

Growth Of Captive Juvenile Tripletail Lobotes Surinamensis, James S. Franks, John T. Ogle, J. Read Hendon, Donald N. Barnes, L. Casey Nicholson

Gulf and Caribbean Research

Early-juvenile tripletail Lobotes surinamensis (n = 27; range 45–115 mm TL, 0 = 73.0 mm; range 3.2–34.7 g TW, 0 = 12.9 g) captured in pelagic Sargassum algae off coastal Mississippi in mid-July 1999 were reared in a recirculating seawater system for 210 days. Fish were maintained on a natural light-dark cycle and fed to satiation 3 times per day. Water temperature ranged from 25.2° to 29.0° C and salinity was 28.0‰. All fish were measured for length and weight on days 1, 60, 135 and 210 of the study. Between these dates, mean daily TL growth rates were 2.2 …

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The Stomatopod Alachosquilla Floridensis (Manning, 1962) (Crustacea, Stomatopoda, Nannosquillidae) Reported From Guana Island, British Virgin Islands, With Observations On Color, Joel W. Martin, Todd L. Zimmerman Jan 2001

The Stomatopod Alachosquilla Floridensis (Manning, 1962) (Crustacea, Stomatopoda, Nannosquillidae) Reported From Guana Island, British Virgin Islands, With Observations On Color, Joel W. Martin, Todd L. Zimmerman

Gulf and Caribbean Research

Although color pattern can vary among and within species of the Crustacea, it can also be a conservative feature that can be very helpful in field identifications. This is often the case in the Crustacea Decapoda, where sibling species can be detected by subtle differences in color (e.g., Williams and Felder 1989, Zimmerman and Felder 1991, Knowlton and Mills 1992). Stomatopods are among the most colorful crustaceans when living. Many species show a great deal of variability (Manning 1969, Camp 1973), and knowledge of this coloration is often key to their identification in the field and in the lab (Schotte …

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Reproductive Biology Of Cobia, Rachycentron Canadum, From Coastal Waters Of The Southern United States, Nancy J. Brown-Peterson, Robin M. Overstreet, Jeffrey M. Lotz, James S. Franks, Karen M. Burns Jan 2001

Reproductive Biology Of Cobia, Rachycentron Canadum, From Coastal Waters Of The Southern United States, Nancy J. Brown-Peterson, Robin M. Overstreet, Jeffrey M. Lotz, James S. Franks, Karen M. Burns

Faculty Publications

Reproductive biology of the cobia, Rachycentron canadum, is described from four coastal areas in the southern United States. Samples were obtained from recreational fishermen between December 1995 and November 1997 from the southeastern United States (Morehead City, NC, to Cape Canaveral, FL), the eastern Gulf of Mexico (Ft. Myers to Crystal River, FL), the north-central Gulf of Mexico (Destin, FL, to Chandeleur Islands, LA) and the western Gulf of Mexico (Port Aransas, TX). Histological evidence of spawning occurred from April through September in all areas. Some female cobia (17-32%) throughout the Gulf of Mexico had spent or regressed ovaries by …

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Simulations Of Quasigeostrophic Currents Derived From Satellite Altimetry And Acoustic Tomography Of An Open Ocean Region, Max I. Yaremchuk, Dmitri A. Nechaev Jan 2001

Simulations Of Quasigeostrophic Currents Derived From Satellite Altimetry And Acoustic Tomography Of An Open Ocean Region, Max I. Yaremchuk, Dmitri A. Nechaev

Faculty Publications

Acoustic tomography (AT) and satellite altimetry (SA) measure properties of the ocean state with high temporal resolution. That makes these data suitable for long-term monitoring of mesoscale features in the open ocean regions, where the open boundaries are the major sources of model forecast uncertainties on timescales larger than 1 week. In this paper, a finite-difference quasigeostrophic model of an open ocean region is considered as a possible tool for interpolating AT-SA data in space and time. The assimilation algorithm is based upon the 4D variational data assimilation scheme controlled by the initial and boundary conditions of the model. The …

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Identifying A Damped Oscillatory Thermohaline Mode In A General Circulation Model Using An Adjoint Model, Ziv Sirkes, Eli Tziperman Jan 2001

Identifying A Damped Oscillatory Thermohaline Mode In A General Circulation Model Using An Adjoint Model, Ziv Sirkes, Eli Tziperman

Faculty Publications

A damped oscillatory mode of the thermohaline circulation (THC), which may play a role in interdecadal climate variability, is identified in a global primitive equation model. This analysis is done under mixed boundary conditions using an adjoint of the primitive equation model. The linearized versus nonlinear stability behavior of the model is studied by comparing the adjoint analysis to runs of the fully nonlinear model. It is shown that a steady-state solution obtained under larger amplitude freshwater surface forcing (and hence with a weaker North Atlantic overturning) is unstable, while a steady-state solution with stronger THC is stable. In a …

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Effects Of Salinity On Development In The Ghost Shrimp Callichirus Islagrande And Two Populations Of C. Major (Crustacea: Decapoda: Thalassinidea), K.M. Strasser, D.L. Felder Jan 2001

Effects Of Salinity On Development In The Ghost Shrimp Callichirus Islagrande And Two Populations Of C. Major (Crustacea: Decapoda: Thalassinidea), K.M. Strasser, D.L. Felder

Gulf and Caribbean Research

Salinity (S) was abruptly decreased from 35‰ to 25‰ at either the 4th zoeal (ZIV) or decapodid stage (D) in Callichirus islagrande (Schmitt) and 2 populations of C. major (Say). Other larvae were maintained at stable 35‰ or 25‰ S throughout development. In C. islagrande, duration of ZIV did not vary among the stable salinities. However, a decrease of salinity at ZIV reduced the duration of this stage, suggesting that the S decrease could be a possible cue for acceleration of larval development. In the Gulf population of C. major duration of ZIV was significantly longer at stable 35‰ …

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Accurate 3-D Morphological Measurement Using A Structured-Light Range Sensor, Robert L. Cromwell, Stuart G. Poss Jan 2001

Accurate 3-D Morphological Measurement Using A Structured-Light Range Sensor, Robert L. Cromwell, Stuart G. Poss

Gulf and Caribbean Research

A single-plane structured light range-sensor was tested to establish its usefulness in acquiring 3-D measurements of fish skulls. Twenty-one distances among 22 landmark points for each of 12 neurocrania of the scorpaenid fish Neomerinthe hemingway were taken with digital calipers, with a video-based 2-D imaging system widely used in systematic studies, and with a single-plane structured-light range sensor of inexpensive and simple design. Measures taken by 3-D sensor are highly correlated with those obtained from caliper measurement (r = 0.9995, P << 0.001 ), with a precision ranging from 0.08–0.43 mm. Like caliper-based measurements, they are less strongly correlated with measurements derived from projected video-imaging. Most skulls were scanned in just over 3 minutes each. Range maps, typically establishing the (x,y,z) coordinates of more than 75,000 points per scan, can be obtained in about 40–50 CPU seconds using software running on multiple platforms. Sensor data taken from different views can be merged to build a more complete 3-D reconstruction. System design, calibration, and use are discussed. By eliminating error due to perspective effects inherent in measuring from projected video images, such sensors hold considerable promise in quantifying biological shape in 3-D for comparative and functional studies.

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