Marine Biology Commons^™

Phosphorus Dynamics In Cultures And Natural Populations Of Trichodesmium Spp, Margaret R. Mulholland, Sheri Floge, Edward J. Carpenter, Douglas G. Capone

OES Faculty Publications

Trichodesmium spp. fix atmospheric N₂ and so an element other than N limits production by these species in the oligotrophic ocean. Because dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP) is in short supply in many marine systems, it has been hypothesized that P is a growth-limiting nutrient for these species in nature. However, Trichodesmium is capable of hydrolyzing dissolved organic P (DOP) compounds and the inorganic products from hydrolysis may provide an additional source of P for growth. We investigated P dynamics and alkaline phosphatase activity in cultures and natural populations of Trichodesmium from the Atlantic Ocean and the north coast of …

Episodic Rainfall Influences The Distribution And Abundance Of The Regular Sea Urchin Lytechinus Variegatus In Saint Andrew Bay, Northern Gulf Of Mexico, S. Anne Boettger, Larry E. Thompson, Stephen A. Watts, James B. Mcclintock, John M. Lawrence

Biology Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Distribution Of The Euryhaline Squid Lolliguncula Brevis In Chesapeake Bay: Effects Of Selected Abiotic Factors, I. K. Bartol, R. Mann, M. Vecchione

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

The majority of cephalopods are thought to have limitations arising from physiology and locomotion that exclude them from shallow, highly variable, euryhaline environments. The brief squid Lolliguncula brevis may be a notable exception because it tolerates low salinities, withstands a wide range of environmental conditions, and swims readily in shallow water. Little is known about the distribution of L. brevis in Chesapeake Bay, a diverse and highly variable estuary. Therefore, a survey of L. brevis was conducted in the Virginia portion of Chesapeake Bay from 1993 to 1997 using a 9.1 m otter trawl, and the effects of selected factors …

Effects Of Fish Cage Aquaculture On The Zooplankton In A Malaysian Mangrove Estuary, Ai Lin Ooi

Student Works (2000-2009)

A study on the effects of fish cage aquaculture on the zooplankton was carried out in the Matang mangrove estuary, Perak, Malaysia. Investigations consisting of 4-month study and 12-hour study were conducted. Zooplankton were sampled inside and away from floating fish cage culture areas in Sangga Besar (SSB) river and in an adjacent nonaquaculture river, Sangga Kecil (SSK), in order to examine the effect of fish cage culture on zooplankton abundance. Zooplankton populations varied both spatially (being more abundant towards the river mouth) and temporally (being more abundant at certain months, e.g. in December). In SSB, fish cage culture had …

Fall 2001, Nsu Oceanographic Center

Currents

No abstract provided.

Spring/Summer 2001, Nsu Oceanographic Center

Currents

No abstract provided.

Draft Plan Of Management For The Cottesloe Reef Proposed Fish Habitat Protection Area., Fisheries Western Australia

Fisheries Management Papers

The aim of this management plan is to promote and encourage the protection and rehabilitation of the aquatic habitat at Cottesloe Reef and to involve the community in its management.

The Implications Of The Target-Area Hypothesis On The Population Dynamics Of The Spotted Spiny Lobster, Panulirus Guttatus, Denice N. Robertson

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

The target-area hypothesis, based on the theory of island biogeography, predicts that larger islands are more effective at intercepting passive immigrants. Most marine invertebrates have meroplanktonic larvae and open population dynamics, so immigration to populations in isolated benthic habitats is primarily by pelagic larval recruits. Thus, recruitment to isolated habitat “islands” may be more continuous and predictable on large islands than on small ones. Consequently, populations on large islands should not only be larger than those on small islands, but should also have more evenly distributed size structures. These differences in size structure among populations in isolated habitats of differing …

Seasonal Phytoplankton Assemblages Of Five Ephemeral Ponds In York County, Virginia, Michelle R. Kokolis

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

Five ephemeral ponds were identified in and around the Grafton Ponds Natural Area Preserve, approximately 56 km north of the City of Norfolk, Virginia. These ponds, which are filled seasonally by precipitation and groundwater discharge, range from 0.1 ha to 2 ha in size and from 4 cm to 3 meters in depth. Ponds for the study were chosen based on variations in their size, depth, basin cover material, canopy openness, and historical inundation period. The purpose of this study is to relate differences in the phytoplankton assemblages to the physical and chemical characteristics of the ponds. All five ponds …

Life-History Evolution In Guppies. Vii. The Comparative Ecology Of High- And Low-Predation Environments, David Reznick, Mark J. Butler Iv, Helen Rodd

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Prior research has demonstrated a strong association between the species of predators that co-occur with guppies and the evolution of guppy life histories. The evolution of these differences in life histories has been attributed to the higher mortality rates experienced by guppies in high-predation environments. Here, we evaluate whether there might be indirect effects of predation on the evolution of life-history patterns and whether there are environmental differences that are correlated with predation. To do so, we quantified features of the physical and chemical environment and the population biology of guppies from seven high-and low-predation localities. We found that high-predation …

Effects Of Fire Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) On Hatching Turtles And Prevalence Of Fire Ants On Sea Turtle Nesting Beaches In Florida, Craig R. Allen, Elizabeth A. Forys, Kenneth G. Rice, Daniel P. Wojcik

Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit: Staff Publications

Red imported fire ants (Solenopsis invicta Buren) have increasingly been observed in loggerhead (Caretta caretta L.) and green (Chelonia mydas L.) sea turtle nests in Florida, and in the nests of freshwater turtles. They may be attracted to the disturbance, mucous and moisture associated with turtle nesting and establish foraging tunnels into turtle nests shortly after egg-laying, thus increasing the vulnerability of hatchlings to fire ant predation. We conducted experiments on a freshwater turtle (Pseudemys nelsoni Carr) to determine the potential impacts of S. invicta on turtle hatchlings. Over 70% of hatchlings were killed by …

Do Naked Goby (Gobiosoma Bosci) Larvae Exhibit Periodic Vertical Movements In Order To Facilitate Upriver Migration In The Hudson River Estuary?, Megan C. Fencil, Eric T. Schultz

EEB Articles

Estuaries provide high quality nursery habitat for larval fishes due to high productivity, predator protection, and warm temperatures. Previous studies suggest that larval naked gobies (Gobiosoma bosci) are capable of upriver migration and estuarine retention despite net seaward flow. Gobiosoma bosci larvae were collected at a fixed site in the Hudson River estuary in late July of 1998 from 4 discrete depths to provide a time-series of depth-stratified abundance during both a spring and a neap tide. Larvae were concentrated at depth, indicating that depth preference behavior is present and will likely contribute to up-river transport. Harmonic regression …

Growth Rate Variability And Lipofuscin Accumulation Rates In The Blue Crab Callinectes Sapidus, Se-Jong Ju, David H. Secor, H. Rodger Harvey

OES Faculty Publications

To better understand growth and age-pigment (lipofuscin) accumulation rates of the blue crab Callinectes sapidus under natural conditions, juveniles (33 to 94 mm carapace width) were reared in outdoor ponds for over 1 yr. Growth rates, measured by carapace width, during summer and fall exceeded all those reported in the literature; the initial carapace width of 59 ± 14 mm (mean ± SD) increased to 164 ± 15 mm within a 3 mo period. No growth occurred during winter months (November to April) at low water temperatures. Growth rates of crabs in ponds were substantially higher (von Bertalanffy growth parameter …

Fisheries Occasional Publication No. 31 - Feeding Lupins To Fish: A Review Of The Nutritional And Biological Value Of Lupins In Aquaculture Feeds, Brett Glencross

Fisheries Occasional Publications

Lupins are the harvested seed of species from the Lupinus genus, a group within the leguminous bean and pea family Fabaceae. Legumes are particularly valuable agricultural crops because of their capacity to provide a grain crop and also fix and return nitrogen to soils and improve the soil value for further cropping. The oilseeds, soybeans and peanuts are also leguminous plants, though traditionally they have been cropped for their oil value, whereas lupins, are cropped for both their protein and nitrogen fixing value (Gladstones, 1998; Perry et al., 1998).

The three key commercial species of lupins are L. angustifolius (Narrow-leafed …

Diversity And Abundance Of Seaweeds On The Coral Reef Flats At Cape Rachado, West Coast Peninsular Malaysia, Jillian Lean Sim Ooi

Student Works (2000-2009)

Three sites on the fringing coral reef flats at Cape Rachado, West Coast Peninsular Malaysia, were selected for the study of seaweed diversity and abundance. Each of these sites was identifiable with exposure to a particular environmental stress. Site A suffered from heavy loads of total suspended solids (TSS) caused by the removal of its adjoining coastal mangrove stand. Site B, by virtue of its accessibility and location on a popular stretch of beach, received a greater number of swimmers and beachwalkers. Water effluent (sewage) outlets from the various resorts lining the coast were observed at sites A and B. …

Diversity And Abundance Of Phytoplankton In Tasek Bera, Pahang, Soo Hui Tang

Student Works (2000-2009)

Tasek Bera, located in southwest of Pahang state, is Malaysia's largest freshwater swamp and lake system. It is one of the remaining examples of a lowland alluvial riparian swamp system. Tasek Bera was designated as Malaysia's first "Wetlands of International Importance" under the Ramsar Convention in November 1994. The water quality of Tasek Bera was monitored from April to October 1998 to assess environmental conditions affecting phytoplankton assemblages. Measurement of physical and chemical parameters at selected sites ranged as follows : pH (4.45 to 6.73), temperature (25.3 to 33.3 °C), dissolved oxygen (0.40 to 5.80 mgL⁻¹), water depth (0.15 to …

Effects Of Blood Extraction On The Mortality Of The Horseshoe Crab, Limulus Polyphemus, Elizabeth A. Walls, Jim Berkson

Virginia Journal of Science

Horseshoe crabs (Limulus polyphemus) are bled by biomedical companies for the extraction of Limulus Amoebocyte Lysate (LAL), a clotting agent used in the detection of endotoxins. In 1998, the Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission mandated that all biomedical companies collecting horseshoe crabs for the production of LAL study the horseshoe crab mortality rates resulting from the company's blood extraction process. BioWhittaker, a Cambrex Company is one of the largest producers of LAL in the world. During the summer of 1999, bled and unbled horseshoe crabs were transported from BioWhittaker's bleeding facility in Chincoteague, Virginia to the Virginia Seafood …

Fall 2000, Nsu Oceanographic Center

Currents

No abstract provided.

Biological And Physical Observations On Larval Spot (Leiostomus Xanthurus) Recruiting To Oregon And Ocracoke Inlets North Carolina, Thomas R. Wasaff

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

Patterns of abundance, length, age, and growth of larval spot (Leiostomus xanthurus) were compared to assess the variability between spot larvae ingressing to two North Carolina inlets. The source of variability for the recruitment of larval fishes to estuarine nurseries has been linked to environmental stochasticity. Wind data and seasurface temperature satellite images were analyzed as two influential environmental variables that may help explain recruitment variability. As part of the South Atlantic Bight Recruitment Experiment (SABRE), spot larvae were collected between October 1994 and April 1995 as they recruited to Pamlico Sound through Oregon Inlet, located north of Cape Hatteras, …

Comparison Of Larval Myomere Counts Among Species Of Nocomis In Virginia (Actinopterygii: Cyprinidae), Terre D. Green, Eugene G. Maurakis

Virginia Journal of Science

Larval myomere counts of Nocomis platyrhynchus were made using a dissecting light microscope equipped with polarizing filters, and then compared to those of the three other species of Nocomis (Nocomis leptocephalus, Nocomis micropogon, and Nocomis raneyi) found in Virginia. Average preanal myomere counts for N. platyrhynchus (26.9) were significantly different from those of the other three species (N. raneyi =28.7; N. micropogon =26.0; and N. leptocephalus =25.9). This is especially important as larvae of N. leptocephalus, the only other species of Nocomis syntopic with N. platyrhynchus in the upper New River drainage, can now …

Spring 2000, Nsu Oceanographic Center

Currents

No abstract provided.

Kelimpahan Dan Biojisim Makrofauna Di Hutan Bakau Dan Kawasan Bersebelahan, Zainal Abidin Zakaria

Student Works (2000-2009)

A study of abundance and biomass of the macrofauna in the mangroves in Sementa (Selangor) and Kuala Sepetang (Perak) was carried out monthly from September 1993 to December 1994 and from January 1994 to December 1994 . Two sites, a forested and a cleared area (deforested) were selected in each location for the study. Sampling for macrofauna was done by randomly selecting a spot and then pressing an aluminium quadrate of 40 cm x 40 cm into the sediment up to a depth of 20 cm. Eight quadrates were sampled on each occasion. The macrofauna community consisted of the following …

Distribution Of Some Heavy Metals In Selected Components Of A Coral Reef Ecoysystem At Cape Rachado, Malaysia, Abdulbaset Abdurrahman Ab. Abuissa

Student Works (2000-2009)

The coral reef ecosystem at Cape Rachado, is the only remaining fringing coral reef along the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia. The reef represents an interesting ecosystem with diverse flora and fauna and possesses a critical geographical location at the Straits of Malacca. The reef ecosystem especially the associated seaweed flora, was shown to be sensitive to development when increased silt levels led to loss of sensitive species of seaweeds. As yet, no study of heavy metal distribution and bioaccumulation in the coral reef area has been done. This study was aimed to investigate the distribution and bioaccumulation of iron, …

The Distribution And Abundance Of Fish And Macrobenthic Communities In Relation To Environmental Factors In Klang Strait (Malaysia), Salem Wniss Zgozi

Student Works (2000-2009)

Fish and macroinvertebrate distribution and abundance in the Klang Strait (Malaysia) were investigated in relation to waler and bottom sediment characteristics. Thirteen water and bottom sediment parameters were measured and analysed using principal component analysis (PCA). PCA of these parameters distinguished three major habitat groupings in the Klang Strait: ( I) nearshore estuaries and mudflats, characterized by very turbid, lower salinity waters and muddy substrates, (2) offshore sandy habitat centred around the northern half of Angsa Bank, and characterized by less turbid, oxygen-riched and higher salinity water, and (3) offshore very fine sand habitat located largely on the southern half …

Sistem Maklumat Multimedia Batu Karang Malaysia (Mcris), Shamsudin Suhainah

Student Works (2000-2009)

Projek Ilmiah merupakan syarat wajib kepada para pelajar yang mengambil kursus Sarjana Muda Teknologi Maklumat (Pengurusan) di Universiti Malaya yang ingin menamatkan pengajian mereka. Projek ini terbahagi kepada dua bahagian iaitu Projek Ilmiah Tahap Awal (WXET 3181) dan Projek Ilmiah Tahap Akhir (WXET 3182). Pelajar dibenarkan memilih tajuk sendiri. Maka, saya telah memilih tajuk Sistem Maklumat Multimedia Batu Karang di Malaysia (McRis) di bawah seliaan En. Mustaffa Kamal dan Dr. Mazliza sebagai moderator. McRis merupakan satu sistem maklumat yang berkaitan dengan batu karang yang terdapat di firdausi taman laut kita seperti jenis-jenisnya dan sedikit penerangan yang disertakan dengan gambar yang …

Biochemical Composition Of Particles And Dissolved Organic Matter Slong An Estuarine Gradient: Sources And Implications For Dom Reactivity, Antonio Mannino, H. Rodger Harvey

OES Faculty Publications

The chemical composition of high molecular weight dissolved organic matter (DOM) and particulate organic matter (POM) was examined along the salinity gradient of the Delaware Estuary. DOM was collected and fractionated by tangential-flow ultrafiltration into 1-30 kDa (HDOM; high molecular weight) and 30 kDa to 0.2 μm (VHDOM; very high molecular weight) and compared to particles collected in parallel. Polysaccharides comprised 12-43% of particulate organic carbon (POC), 30-56% of VHDOM carbon, and 7.5-19% of HDOM carbon. Hydrolyzable amino acids comprised 17-38% of POC, 5.4-12% of VHDOM carbon, and 1.5-4.2% of HDOM carbon. Only 7-43% of dissolved organic nitrogen in VHDOM …

Review Of The Western Australian Pilchard Fishery 12 -16 April 1999, K. L. Cochane

Fisheries Management Papers

A workshop was held on Monday 12 April 1999 at which presentations were made by representatives of Fisheries WA, speakers from other state fisheries agencies and the Western Australian (WA) pilchard industry. This workshop identified some of the key concerns in the assessment and management of the fishery. This report presents the conclusions reached by the reviewer at the end of the process, which were also presented to members of the WA pilchard fishing industry in Albany on Friday 16 April.

Fall 1999, Nsu Oceanographic Center

Currents

No abstract provided.

A Study Of The Seasonal Composition And Abundance Of Phytoplankton And Autotrophic Picoplankton In A Brackish Water Lake In Portsmouth Virginia, Jennifer Leigh Wolny

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

The phytoplankton and autotrophic picoplankton populations of Hoffler Lake, a brackish-water lake in Portsmouth, Virginia, were monitored from May 1997 through May 1998, Analyses of the phytoplankton community using the Utennohl method showed a dominance of Chlorophytes (61-88% of the total abundance) throughout the year, including a winter bloom of Chlamydomonas snowii (maximum concentration of 2.5 x 101 cells/L). Subdominants were Cyanobacteria (10-33% of the total abundance) whose composition included several species of Anabaena, Lyngbya, and a fall bloom of Microcoleus sp. Diatoms, dinoflagellates, and cryptophytes played a secondary role in the phytoplankton community of Hoffler Lake. …

The Impact Of Resident And Transient Predators On The Popultation Dynamics Of Juvenile Caribbean Spiny Lobster (Panulirus Argus) In Florida Bay, Florida, Jason Edward Schratwieser

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

There has been a considerable amount of research devoted to exploring the relationship between predators and prey, but many of these studies fail to address how predation can vary over spatial and temporal scales. The tendency of ecologists to model predation as a static entity often masks its capacity for creating distinctive effects in prey populations and communities. Most predation studies also focus on the effect of a single species of predator on a prey population, an unrealistic situation in nature. In the Florida Keys, juvenile spiny lobsters are subjected to two general classes of predators: i) "resident" predators such …