Kinesiology Commons^™

The Effect Of Cardiovascular Drift On The Efficacy Of Exercise Prescription, Katherine G. Forester, Jimmy Smith, Scott P. Mclean

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

TACSM Abstract –

The Effect of Cardiovascular Drift on the Efficacy of Exercise Prescription

KATHERINE FORESTER, JIMMY SMITH, Ph.D., and SCOTT MCLEAN, Ph.D.

Kinesiology; Southwestern University; Georgetown, TX

Category: Undergraduate

ABSTRACT

Due to the difficulty in measuring metabolic cost in the field, heart rate (HR) is often used to prescribe exercise intensity. Purpose: To examine the effect of cardiovascular drift (CV_drift) on the efficacy of exercise prescription (ExRx). Methods: Eight women with a mean (sd) age 21.6(2.0) years, body mass 70.9(11.0) kg, height 163.7(6.0) cm, and VO₂max of 33.7(4.2) mL/kg/min, each performed two cycling trials for …

Use Of Non-Surgical Mechanical Splinting For Patients With Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, Abi Ramirez, Buck Willis, Howard Hoffberg

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Compress of the median nerve causes severe pain and paresthesia in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS). Over 2,000,000 Americans suffer from Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, making it the most common peripheral neuropathology affecting the U.S. Continual compression over time degrades the median nerve that brings sensation of movement and feeling for the wrist. The purpose of this study was to compare change in symptoms of CTS after use of a non-surgical dynamic splinting device. Methods: A retrospective analysis was accomplished for patients diagnosed with CTS who were treated with prolonged passive stretching in dynamic splinting for this pathology (N=304). The Levine Katz …

Preliminary Data Regarding How Wheelchair Axle Position Effects The Energy Cost Of Assistants Pushing Wheelchairs Designed For Low-Resource Settings., Matthew K. Sturm, Josh Vanleer, Nathan Lowe, Karen Rispin

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

A study at Letourneau University was performed to compare the energy cost of pushing wheelchairs with differing axle positions in relation to the occupant’s center of gravity (COG). In less-resourced areas of the world, powered wheelchairs are rarely feasible, requiring an assistant to push the chair. Often these assistants themselves are disabled, making any means of minimizing energy cost imperative. Research has indicated that as the rear axle comes closer to the COG, the energy cost of self-propelling the chair decreases. We hypothesized that able-bodied assistants pushing wheelchairs could provide valuable insight into the effect of axle position on energy …

Resistance Exercise During Hindlimb Unloading In Rats Mitigates Disuse-Induced Bone Loss, Michael M. Hedges

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Disuse-related bone loss affects various populations of individuals including astronauts, bedridden patients, those with spinal cord injuries, and, to not as drastic a degree, the increasing population living sedentary lifestyles. The lack of mechanical stimulation on bones can lead to bone loss and an increased risk of low bone mass, osteoporosis, and fractures. Therefore, the goal of this study was to determine the effects of resistance exercise on bone during a period of disuse in skeletally mature rodents.

Male rats were placed into three different groups, hindlimb unloading, (HU), hindlimb unloading with resistance training (HU+RE), and cage control (CC), for …

Predicting Rowing Performance In Male And Female Collegiate Rowers Using Selected Measures Of Lower Body Power And Lower Leg Passive Stiffness, Laura L. Castleberry

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Lower body power (LBP) is an important variable in rowing performance. Possible indices of LBP in rowing are squat jump (SJ), vertical jump (VJ), and passive ankle dorsiflexion (PAD). This study examines the relationship of selected indices of LBPfor male and female rowers with the athlete’s respective coaches’ rating (CR) of rowing performance. Six male and female collegiate rowers(age=20±2yrs, height=73.9±2.3in, weight=182±23lbs; and age=20±1yrs, height=67±3in, weight=152±25lbs, respectively) volunteered for the study. Proceedingthe assessment session, a standardized warm up on a cycle-ergometer and low volume/intensity battery of jumps were performed. Order of assessment: SJ, VJ, and right (RDF) and left (LDF) PAD. …

The Acute Effects Of Hatha Yoga On Psychological And Physiological Measures Associated With Stress, Lyndsey Resnik

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The Acute Effects of Hatha Yoga on Psychological and Physiological Measures Associated with Stress

LYNDSEY RESNIK, SCOTT P MCLEAN, Ph.D., JIMMY SMITH, Ph.D.

Kinesiology Department; Southwestern University; Georgetown, TX

Category: Undergraduate

ABSTRACT

Objectives: Hatha yoga practices induce relaxation and have been used to alleviate stress-induced disorders such as insomnia, anxiety, and depression. The purpose of the present study is to measure the acute effects of Hatha yoga on psychological and physiological measures associated with stress. Methods: Twenty healthy male and female volunteers (20.8±1.0 yrs, 171.8±6.9 cm, 67.2±15.9 kg) participated in this study. Each participant completed a 43-minute session of Hatha …

The Effect Of Skill Level On The Mechanics Of A Golf Chip Shot, James Charles, Dr. Jimmy Smith, Dr. Scott Mclean

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

INTRODUCTION: It is popularly believed that maintaining more weight on the front foot and reducing wrist action on the downswing are characteristics of a successful golf chip shot. Therefore, experienced golfers should utilize these strategies more than inexperienced golfers when performing this shot. PURPOSE: To analyze the effect of skill level on weight shift and wrist action in a golf chip shot. METHODS: Fourteen golfers (23.4 ± 5.81 yr, 1.77 ± .073 m, 72.1 ± 10.4 kg), seven inexperienced (little to no training in chipping) and seven experienced (at least 8 years of training), completed three chip shots each. Trials …

Effects Of A Triphasic Block Method On Power In Collegiate Basketball Players, Jason L. Russell, Kelly A. Brooks

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Implementing a non-traditional method for a training cycle may serve as an alternative means of developing maximal strength and power. Seven male Division I intercollegiate basketball players (age=21.0±0.63 yrs, ht=191.86±7.24cm, wt=94.8±14.9kg, training experience = 2.2 ± 1.3 yrs) who recently completed a 5-month competitive season were recruited for this study. The testing took place during the off-season, when the players were not involved in NCAA competition. Subjects underwent a three-week preparation phase, followed by a pre-test vertical jump (CMJ), standing broad jump (SBJ), and back squat 1-repetition max (1RM). Prior to all testing sessions, the participants participated in a dynamic …

The Effects Of Gender And Health Related Fitness Components On Body Mass Index, Body Fat And Blood Pressure In Kinesiology Students, Jamie M. Cvikel

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Many Americans do not meet the minimum standards of physical activity required to maintain a healthy lifestyle. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of poor health related fitness outcomes among college age kinesiology majors.

METHODS: Health related fitness (HRF) measurements were taken on 93 undergraduate Tarleton kinesiology majors. These measures included body composition, blood pressure, cardiorespiratory endurance (1.5 mile time), flexibility (sit-n-reach), and muscular strength and endurance. One and half mile run, sit ups, bench press, leg press, and the sit and reach were administered and ranked according to ACSM Guidelines (8^{th …}

Relationship Between One Repetition Maximum Strength And Peak Power Output For The Free-Weight Bench Press Exercise, Ibrahim K. Munayer, Matt S. Stock, Micheal J. Luera, Jocarol E. Shields

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Strength and conditioning coaches are often interested in improving power output in their athletes. As many coaches are aware that power is the product of force and velocity, an emphasis is often placed on training with loads that correspond to peak mechanical power output (e.g., 30-50% of the one repetition maximum [1RM]). The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between 1RM strength and peak power output during the free-weight bench press exercise. Twenty-one healthy, recreationally resistance-trained men (mean ± SD age = 24 ± 3 years; body mass = 90.5 ± 14.6 kg; 1RM bench press = …

Effects Of Diverting Activities On Recovery From Repeated Maximum Voluntary Contractions, Micheal J. Luera, Matt S. Stock, Jocarol E. Shields, Ibrahim K. Munayer

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Previous investigations have demonstrated that diverting activities (e.g., contralateral exercise and pinching one’s fingers together) can minimize the severity of muscle fatigue that occurs during exercise. In addition to their ability to resist fatigue during exercise, diverting activities may help subjects recover between work bouts. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of mental and physical diverting activities on recovery from fatiguing isometric muscle actions. On three separate occasions, twelve men (mean ± SD age = 22 ± 1 years) and nine women (age = 22 ± 2 years) performed ten repeated, ten-second isometric maximum voluntary contractions …

Creatine Kinase, Lactate Dehydrogenase, And Myoglobin Responses Following Repeated Wingate Anaerobic Tests Versus Barbell Back Squats: A Pilot Study, Jocarol E. Shields, Matt S. Stock, Micheal J. Luera, Ibrahim K. Munayer, John C. Young

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The results from many previous studies have demonstrated that muscle damage and delayed onset muscle soreness are due primarily to high force, eccentric muscle actions. However, the majority of investigators have examined these responses following single-joint, isokinetic assessments. The purpose of this study was to examine creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and myoglobin responses following repeated Wingate anaerobic tests versus multiple sets of the barbell back squat exercise. Six recreationally resistance-trained men (mean ± SD age = 23 ± 2 years, body mass = 88.0 ± 17.8 kg, one repetition-maximum [1RM] back squat = 150.0 ± 28.3 kg) volunteered …

Functional Movement Screentm Scores In Collegiate Track And Field Athletes In Relation To Injury Risk And Performance, Ronald G. Budnar Jr, Robert Birdwell, Christopher Moody, David W. Hill, Anthony A. Duplanty, Allen W. Jackson, Jakob L. Vingren

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between Functional Movement Screen^tm (FMS) scores, injury rate, and performance in collegiate track and field athletes. Methods: Forty seven male (n=17) and female (n=30) competitive track and field athletes at an NCAA Division I university volunteered for this study. As part of their regular team assessment, the athletes were evaluated on three separate occasions using the FMS tool: in August, one week prior to the start of university organized practice for the fall (T1); in December, one week prior to the end of the fall academic semester (T2); …

The Effect Of Prophylactic Knee Braces On Balance And Uninjured Knee Range Of Motion, Alexis P. Schmidt, Christopher M. Hearon, Michael Daniel

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

There has been numerous studies performed regarding the effectiveness of prophylactic knee braces (PKB) preventing knee injuries or the effect of PKB on injured knees, but minimal research is available on the effect of how PKB affect the functioning capacity of uninjured knees. PURPOSE: To examine the effects of two different types of PKB, hinged (HGB) and non-hinged (NHB), on uninjured preferred knee joint range of motion and dynamic balance in males and females. METHODS: Thirty subjects were recruited (male=15, female=15) with ages ranging from 18-28 years. Only participants with no history of any knee injuries or current knee problems …

Prevalence Of Overweight And Obesity In Asian American Students Using Asian Specific Criteria To Determine Weight Classification, Jennette P. Moreno, Craig A. Johnston, Sarah Aimadeddine, Deborah L. Whoeler

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Individuals of Asian descent have been found to be at greater risk of developing conditions associated with obesity at lower BMI levels compared to other ethnic groups. As a result, new criteria have been developed to identify overweight and obesity in Asian populations. The purpose of the current study was to assess the percentage of Asian children who may be at risk for health conditions associated with obesity, but are currently overlooked when standard criteria are used to determine weight classification. Data from a larger study examining the weight status of elementary students were analyzed. Participants included 585 Asian (47% …

Effects Of Human Apolipoprotein E3 And E4 Genotypes On Cardiometabolic Disease Risk, Alissa A. Yoder, Joshua S. Wooten, Ken A. Witt, Guim Kwon, Karin Sandoval, Christopher M. Orris, Justin J. Stout

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Apolipoprotein (apo) E isoforms have specific effects on the etiology of cardiovascular disease (CVD), but data is limited on the effects of these genotypes for the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and related cardiometabolic alterations. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of human apoE3 and E4 genotypes on risk factors for T2DM and cardiac metabolism. Cardiac tissue from human apoE3 (n=8) and E4 (n=8) knock-in (KI) mice were compared to lean (n=11) and diet-induced obese (n=12) B6D2F1 mice to characterize the cardiac metabolic activity of AMPK, as well as for lipid and glycogen levels. …

Effects Of Exercise Training On Cardiovascular Risk And Anti-Risk Factors In Adolescent Boys, Majid Koozehchian, Farzad Nazem, Mohmmad Panamtash, Brittanie Lockard, Richard Kreider

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Adolescence is a critical period in the formation of cardiovascular risk factors. Long-term exercise training has been found to be reversely related to risk factors levels in adolescents.

PURPOSE: To determine the effects of training (swimming and soccer) over a twelve week timeframe on some cardiovascular risk and anti-risk factors in adolescent boys.

METHODS: Forty two boys, including swimmers (SW n=14), soccer players (SO n=13), and a control group (C n=15) (Age=11.8±1.38yrs; Ht=149±.8.38cm; Wt=40±7.8kg) volunteered for this study. Fasting blood samples were obtained prior to initiation of training, at weeks 4, 8, and 12. A 3×4 repeated measures ANOVA with …

Responses Of Serum Lipids And Lipoproteins Following Power-Based Resistance Training In Athletes, Catherine Wu

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Athletes often participate in power-based resistance training to improve their athletic performance by simultaneously enhancing strength and power. However, it is unclear whether athletes participating in power-based resistance training can positively alter serum lipid and lipoprotein profiles. Thus, the current study investigated the effects of power-based resistance training on serum lipid and lipoprotein profiles in athletes. Twenty-one healthy collegiate athletes, 12 female soccer players and 9 male football players, between the ages of 18 and 23, participated in the study during the off-season. The power-based resistance training program consisted of a variety of Olympic-style and traditional weightlifting movements along with …

Physiological Markers Of Phase Change In Heart Rate Response To Work, Ashleigh Welter, Cory Scott, Frank Wyatt

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Heart rate response to increasing workload is accompanied by a series of physiologically marked stages, which can be identified through a linear and logarithmic regression line cross-over. These stages represent the withdrawal and activation of neural, hormonal and reflex mechanisms. However identification of physiological mechanisms associated with rate change is lacking in the literature. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to establish mathematical regression trend-lines for segmental changes in heart rate response to increased work, and identify the physiological mechanisms associated with said change. METHODS: Ten (n=10) male cyclists acted as subjects. Each signed a university approved …

Heart Rate Variations In Statistical Quartiles From Vo2max Values In Competitive Cyclists, Cory Scott, Ashleigh Welter, Frank B. Wyatt

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Cycling can be considered an elite level sport, and with this accompanies varying levels of fitness. Fitness levels are established from maximal oxygen uptake tests. In addition, heart rate may be utilized to examine the varying levels of athletic capability to determine if there is a difference among subjects pertaining to heart rate responses, and their corresponding oxygen uptake ( VO­₂) in a graded exercise test. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine heart rate response based on varying fitness levels in competitive cyclists during a graded exercise test. METHODS: Subjects were 61 (n=61) …

Exercise Knowledge, Exercise Beliefs, Physical Activity Engagement And Physical Function In Older Adults, Nicole E. Priest, Amy M. White, James B. Geeslin, Matthew J. Garver, Libby E. Mccurley

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Historically, recall surveys have been used to gather information about exercise knowledge and beliefs (EKB) and physical activity (PA). There seems to be a disconnect between what people know and believe about exercise and the choices they make about engaging in exercise. Advancements in the capacity to capture verifiable PA data have greatly improved with application of accelerometers. The ability to objectively verify PA makes reexamining the relationship between EKB and both PA and physical function (PF) worthwhile. The aim of this investigation was to revisit the relationship between EKB and PA and PF in older adults using recall surveys …

Utility Of Two Iphone Device Apps In Assessing Heart Rate At Rest And During Activity, Amy M. White, James B. Geeslin, Nicole E. Priest, Matthew J. Garver, Libby E. Mccurley, Joe D. Bell, Sheila A. Jones

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Heart rate (HR) is a critical physiological variable used for prescribing exercise, assessing fitness level and tracking fitness improvements. Electrocardiography (ECG) stands as the criterion measure of HR. While recent development of HR-detecting mobile device applications (apps) has made evaluating HR more convenient; their degree of accuracy is unknown. Therefore, the purpose of this current study was to examine the accuracy and reliability of two-iPhone applications to detect HR at rest and during low-intensity exercise conditions. Eighteen female and 22 male subjects (26 + 9.5 yrs) were prepped for simultaneous detection of HR via three methods: ECG and two HR-detecting …

Benign Conduction Abnormalities In Response To Acute, Moderately-High, Simulated Altitude Exposure, James B. Geeslin, Nicole E. Priest, Amy M. White, Matthew J. Garver, Libby E. Mccurley, Joe D. Bell, Sheila A. Jones, Dennis J. Kerrigan

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Acclimatization to altitude can improve endurance performance above levels achieved solely by training at sea level. There is natural limitation in the applicability of employing terrestrial altitude training – namely proximity. A simple, non-cumbersome method of simulating altitude is desirable to many types of endurance athletes. The Alto2Lab (Pharma Pacific Inc.), consisting of primarily a breathing tube and silo stack, has shown some potential in this role. There is a lack of evidence regarding whether simulated altitude exposure triggers abnormal cardiovascular responses. The aim of this study was to provide initial evidence of cardiac changes associated with usage patterns that …

3-Hydroxy-5alpha-Androst-1-En-17-One Enhances Muscular Gains But Impairs The Cardio-Metabolic Health Of Resistance Trained Males., Jorge Granados, Trevor Gillum, Cammie Hodges, Matthew Kuennen

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

No abstract provided.

The Effects Of Exercise On Depression And Quality Of Life In Active And Sedentary Floor Nurses, Patrick B. Collins Ms, Acsm-Hfs

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Surveys were sent to all nursing staff (n=550) at a West Texas hospital. A total of 158 nurses responded and 112 nurses met the criteria for inclusion (16 male, 96 female). The surveys analyzed health-related quality of life using the SF-36 and depression scores using the PHQ-9. Data regarding exercise frequency, intensity, time, and type were also gathered. Results of the survey were then analyzed using SPSS statistical software to search for a relation between exercise, depression, and health-related quality of life. After determining that age and gender did not have a significant effect in the study, it was found …

Metabolic Requirements Of Farmers/Ranchers Performing Simulated Occupational Tasks: Recommendations For Cardiovascular Rehabilitation, Shannon L. Jordan, Rebecca Rogers, Justin Karcher, Kathleen Kennedy, Anne Lawrence, Jenny Adams

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Current ACSM guidelines for cardiac rehabilitation (rehab) return to work state that exercise training should mimic the muscle groups, movements, and energy systems utilized in a patient’s occupational tasks. The aims of this study were to evaluate the metabolic costs of typical farming/ranching tasks, determine the pattern of movement and muscle groups involved in these tasks, and determine the approximate duration of these tasks. Methods: Participants (n=29) were employed in the farming/ranching field and ranged in aged from 18-57 years. The participants performed four tasks: loading 10 hay bales, digging a fence post hole, filling eight seed hoppers, and …

Predicting Future Falls In The Elderly Using The Timed Up And Go Test, Pearl M. Kafoa, Casi R. Helbig

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Walking is a complex motor skill that involves interactions between brain and body systems. These interactions allow an individual to quickly adapt to changes in the environment while walking. One's gait can inhibit mobility and limit daily activities. It has also been associated with the risk of falling, nursing home placement, and even death. As people age, their body and overall health deteriorates, including their locomotor skills. The Timed Up and Go (TUG) Test (see Figure 1) is an assessment used in clinical settings such as hospitals, nursing homes and especially physical therapy to predict health, function, and falls in …

Determination Of Anaerobic Threshold By Heart Rate Or Heart Rate Variability Using Discontinous Cycle Ergometry, Sung W. Park, Michael T. Brenneman, William H. Cooke, Alberto Cordova, Donovan L. Fogt

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

We evaluated whether changes in heart rate (HR) and/or heart rate variability (HRV) would reflect anaerobic threshold (AT) using a discontinuous, incremental, cycle test. To accomplish this, exercise thresholds were determined for HR and HRV metrics and compared with AT via ventilatory threshold. Experienced cyclists (30.6±5.9y; 7 males, 8 females) completed a discontinuous cycle test consisting of 7 stages (6 min each with 3 min of rest between). Three stages were performed at W below AT, one at AT, and 3 above AT. The averaged stage data for Ve, HR, and time- and frequency-domain HRV metrics were plotted versus W. …

Where College Students Live Can Impact Their Eating And Exercise Habits, Dong Woo Hahn, Aram Yoon, Kijeong Kim, Sukho Lee

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

University freshmen usually face with huge environmental changes. They are often stressful and may lead to some health-related problems. We wanted to know whether or not their residence influences eating and exercising habits. PURPOSE: To examine the effect of residence on level of physical activity, eating and other health related habits in college students. Methods: Total 71 college students participated in this study. Thirty one lives on campus and forty lives off campus. Participants completed a consent form and measurements of body weight, height, and body mass index (BMI). Level of physical activity was monitored using pedometer for 7 days. …

Simulated Galactic Cosmic Radiation Exposure Impairs Mouse Vertebral Bone Adaptations To Exercise During Recovery From Partial Weightbearing, Katherine A. Elmer, Ramon D. Boudreaux, Corinne E. Metzger, Susan A. Bloomfield

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Partial weightbearing that simulates Lunar gravity (1/6^th of Earth’s gravitational force) results in a loss of bone volume. High energy radiation like that found in galactic cosmic radiation exposure also negatively affects the skeleton. Because resistance training is the most effective exercise mode to counteract disuse-induced bone loss, this experiment combined low-dose, high-energy simulated galactic cosmic radiation (GCR) exposure, followed by a period of partial weightbearing (PWB), and then a period of resistance exercise or normal cage activity during recovery. Young adult female BALB/c mice were randomly assigned to age-matched cage controls (CC) or PWB (G/6) groups. From there, …