Kinesiology Commons^™

Yoga Training Improves Metabolic Parameters In Obese Boys, Dae Yun Seo, Sungryul Lee, Arturo Figueroa, Hyoung Kyu Kim, Yeong Ho Baek, Yi Sub Kwak, Nari Kim, Tae Hoon Choi, Byoung Doo Rhee, Kyung-Soo Kim, Byung Joo Park, Song-Young Park, Jin Han

Health and Kinesiology Faculty Publications

Yoga has been known to have stimulatory or inhibitory effects on the metabolic parameters and to be uncomplicated therapy for obesity. The purpose of the present study was to test the effect of an 8-week of yoga-asana training on body composition, lipid profile, and insulin resistance (IR) in obese adolescent boys. Twenty volunteers with body mass index (BMI) greater than the 95th percentile were randomly assigned to yoga (age 14.7±0.5 years, n=10) and control groups (age 14.6±1.0 years, n=10). The yoga group performed exercises three times per week at 40~60% of heart-rate reserve (HRR) for 8 weeks. IR was determined …

Effects Of Vibration On Vertical And Joint Stiffness In Ankle Instability And Healthy Subjects, Mark J. Coglianese

Theses and Dissertations

Some have suggested acute increases in musculotendinous stiffness (k) following whole body vibration (WBV). Others propose that chronic ankle instability (CAI) may alter k of the lower extremity. Changes in proprioceptive activity and/or gamma motoneuron activation post-WBV and/or due to CAI could lead to alterations in k. However, little is known about acute effects of WBV on k and less is known about changes in k with CAI. PURPOSE: Assess differences in vertical and joint k between healthy and CAI subjects during single-limb landings and detect alterations in k measures post-vibration. METHODS: Subjects were identified as CAI via the FAAM, …

Human Skeletal Muscle Feed Arteries: Evidence Of Regulatory Potential, S. J. Ives, R. H. I. Andtbacka, Song-Young Park, A. J. Donato, J. R. Gifford, R. D. Noyes, L. A. Lesniewski, R. S. Richardson

Health and Kinesiology Faculty Publications

Aim

Recently, it has been recognized that human skeletal muscle feed arteries can be harvested during exploratory surgery for melanoma. This approach provides vessels for in vitro study from a wide spectrum of relatively healthy humans. Although, the regulatory role of skeletal muscle feed arteries in rodent models has been documented, whether such vessels in humans possess this functionality is unknown.

Methods

Therefore, skeletal muscle feed arteries (~950 μm OD) from 10 humans (48 ± 4, 27–64 years) were studied using pressure myography. Vessel function was assessed using potassium chloride (KCl), phenylephrine (PE), acetylcholine (ACh) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) concentration–response …

Relative Roughness: An Index For Testing The Suitability Of The Monofractal Model, Vivien Marmelat, Kjerstin Torre, Didier Delignières

Journal Articles

Fractal analyses have become very popular and have been applied on a wide variety of empirical time series. The application of these methods supposes that the monofractal framework can offer a suitable model for the analyzed series. However, this model takes into account a quite specific kind of fluctuations, and we consider that fractal analyses have been often applied to series that were completely outside of its relevance. The problem is that fractal methods can be applied to all types of series, and they always give a result, that one can then erroneously interpret in the context of the monofractal …

Accelerometry Cut Points For Physical Activity In Underserved African Americans, Nevelyn N. Trumpeter, Hannah G. Lawman, Dawn K. Wilson, Russell R. Pate, M Lee Van Horn, Alicia K. Tate

Faculty Publications

Background: Despite their increased use, no studies have examined the validity of Actical accelerometry cut points for moderate physical activity (PA) in underserved (low-income, high-crime), minority populations. The high rates of chronic disease and physical inactivity in these populations likely impact the measurement of PA. There is growing concern that traditionally defined cut points may be too high for older or inactive adults. The present study aimed to determine the self-selected pace associated with instructions to “walk for exercise” and the corresponding accelerometry estimates (e.g., Actical counts/minute) for underserved, African American adults.

Method: Fifty one participants (61% women) had a …

The Relationship Between Gait Measures And Posturographical Measures In An Elderly Population, Drue Baker

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

1 in 3 older adults will experience a fall each year. Falls are the leading cause of accidental death in adults over 65 years, and are the leading cause of nonfatal injuries and hospital admissions for trauma. Most falls occur during locomotion, and impaired gait and postural control have many implications that affect stability during walking. Dynamic posturography has been shown to be a good measure of postural stability, while measures of gait have been linked to age-related changes as well as discriminating between fallers and non-fallers

The Difference In Aerobic Capacity And Anaerobic Power Between Young Male Recreational Basketball And Soccer Players, Lesley Ngo

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

Basketball and Soccer are two sports that are usually played recreationally that provide for an active lifestyle. At competitive levels of both sports athletes undergo different kinds of training in order to improve performance for longer periods of time but not recreationally. Basketball and soccer are sports which often require the use of both anaerobic and aerobic faculties of energy production in activities including but not limited to: dribbling, sprinting, passing, shooting, walking and jumping. The purpose of this research was to investigate the difference in aerobic capacity and anaerobic power between young male recreational basketball and soccer players. It …

The Supplement Beast Mode And Its Effect On Anaerobic Power, Isaac Majors

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

Anaerobic metabolism is the production of energy in the absence of oxygen and anaerobic power can be measured as either mean or peak power output in exercise that lasts thirty seconds or less. Power is force times velocity and it is measured in Watts. Research has shown that caffeine has a positive effect on sports performance and today many athletes use it as an ergogenic aid. Caffeine’s affect on maximal anaerobic power however are less understood.

Relationship Between Total Sleep Duration And Body Composition, Heather Church

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

In the endless pursuit of possible causes for obesity and overweight, it has been hypothesized that sleep may have an effect on body composition. Some studies have shown that sleep deprivation is associated with a lower energy expenditure; however, other studies have shown that there is no correlation between body composition and sleep. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between body composition, specifically percent body fat (%BF), determined by hydrostatic weighing versus sleep quality, specifically sleep duration and efficiency. Seven kinesiology students from the University of Texas at Arlington participated in this study, in which body …

School Day Segmented Physical Activity Patterns Of High And Low Active Children, Stuart J. Fairclough, Aaron Beighle, Heather Erwin, Nicola D. Ridgers

Kinesiology and Health Promotion Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Variability exists in children's activity patterns due to the association with environmental, social, demographic, and inter-individual factors. This study described accelerometer assessed physical activity patterns of high and low active children during segmented school week days whilst controlling for potential correlates.

METHODS: Two hundred and twenty-three children (mean age: 10.7 ± 0.3 yrs, 55.6% girls, 18.9% overweight/obese) from 8 north-west England primary schools wore ActiGraph GT1M accelerometers for 7 consecutive days during autumn of 2009. ActiGraph counts were converted to minutes of moderate (MPA), vigorous (VPA) and moderate-to-vigorous (MVPA) physical activity. Children were classified as high active (HIGH) or …

Reflections On The Psychological Preparation Of The Usa Ski And Snowboard Team For The Vancouver 2010 Olympic Games, Richard D. Gordin, Keith P. Henschen

Kinesiology and Health Science Faculty Publications

This article explains the program in existence since the 1990s that has been used to prepare the USA’s male alpine and USA’s male Nordic Combined ski teams for international events including World Cup competitions, World Championships, and multiple Winter Olympic Games. The authors initially developed this program in the 1980s for use with Summer Olympic teams including track and field, women’s gymnastics, and other Olympic sports. Philosophical components of service delivery will be explored as well as the range of services provided, problems encountered, and how these issues were handled. Also, special attention will be provided to explain how we …

Caudate Nucleus Volume Mediates The Link Between Cardiorespiratory Fitness And Cognitive Flexibility In Older Adults, Timothy D. Verstynen, Brighid Lynch, Destiny L. Miller, Michelle W. Voss, Ruchika Shaurya Prakash, Laura Chaddock, Chandramallika Basak, Amanda Szabo, Erin A. Olson, Thomas R. Wojcicki, Jason Fanning, Neha P. Gothe, Edward Mcauley, Arthur F. Kramer, Kirk I. Erickson

Kinesiology, Health and Sport Studies

The basal ganglia play a central role in regulating the response selection abilities that are critical formental flexibility. In neocortical areas, higher cardiorespiratory fitness levels are associated with increased gray matter volume, and these volumetric differences mediate enhanced cognitive performance in a variety of tasks. Here we examine whether cardiorespiratory fitness correlates with the volume of the subcortical nuclei that make up the basal ganglia and whether this relationship predicts cognitive flexibility in older adults. Structural MRI was used to determine the volume of the basal ganglia nuclei in a group of older, neurologically healthy individuals (mean age 66 years, …

Muscle Contraction Duration And Fibre Recruitment Influence Blood Flow And Vo2 Independent Of Contractile Work During Steady-State Exercise In Humans, Jennifer C. Richards, Anne R. Crecelius, Brett S. Kirby, Dennis G. Larson, Frank A. Dinenno

Health and Sport Science Faculty Publications

We tested the hypothesis that, among conditions of matched contractile work, shorter contraction durations and greater muscle fibre recruitment result in augmented skeletal muscle blood flow and oxygen consumption (O2) during steady-state exercise in humans. To do so, we measured forearm blood flow (FBF; Doppler ultrasound) during 4 minutes of rhythmic handgrip exercise in 24 healthy young adults and calculated forearm O2 via blood samples obtained from a catheter placed in retrograde fashion into a deep vein draining the forearm muscle. In Protocol 1 (n = 11), subjects performed rhythmic isometric handgrip exercise at mild and moderate intensities under conditions …

Wellness Works: A Collaborative Program For Youth And Adults In Rural Utah, Lindsey Shirley, Mark F. Roark, Lisa Lewis

Kinesiology and Health Science Faculty Publications

The article focuses on the need of Cooperative Extension programs for rural communities of Central Utah residents who are leading an unhealthy lifestyle. It is discussed that the Family and Consumer Sciences (FCS) Extension Agent in Utah developed a wellness community program to address the health concerns of adults. It is discussed that the program promotes healthy living in adults by emphasizing on physical activity and nutrition.

Throwing Frame For Athletes With Dissabilities, Andrew Higgins, Stefan Owechko, Gabriel (Gabe) Terrasas, Kevin Crisfield

Mechanical Engineering

Team Zeus’ senior project was to design, build and test a working throwing frame system for Bridge II Sports, a nonprofit organization in North Carolina. The throwing frame is used to allow athletes and individuals with disabilities to throw shot-put, discus, and javelin using a frame to sit against. Team Zeus was specifically tasked to build a frame that is lighter weight and more transportable than products that are currently on the market. This frame also is adjustable to accommodate a wide range of athlete weights, sizes, and abilities. The final result is a 35lb aluminum frame with two different …

Comparing Thigh Muscle Cross-Sectional Area And Squat Strength Among National Class Olympic Weightlifters, Power Lifters, And Bodybuilders, James J. Di Naso, Brian L. Pritschet, John D. Emmett, Jill W. Owen, Jeffrey Willardson, Travis W. Beck, Jason M. Defreitas, Fabio E. Fontana

Faculty Research and Creative Activity

Few studies have compared anthropometric characteristics among national class athletes from different resistance training disciplines, such as Olympic Weightlifting (OL), Power Lifting (PL), and Bodybuilding (BB). Objective: The purpose of the current study was to determine if significant differences exist in the relationship between thigh muscle cross-sectional area and back squat strength among national class athletes from the sports of OL, PL, and BB. Methods: Fifteen national class athletes were assessed for back squat strength, mid-thigh circumference, and mid-thigh skinfold from which total thigh cross-sectional was estimated. A series of One-Way ANOVAs and Pearson Product Moment Correlations were used to …

The Effect Of Dynamic Stretching On Exercise Performance, Nkechi Offor

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

Dynamic stretching uses speed of movement, momentum and active muscular effort to bring about a stretch. It is similar to ballistic stretching except that it avoids bouncing motions and tends to incorporate more sports-specific movements. Researches show that dynamic stretching tends to have more advantages as compared to static stretching (stretching muscles while the body is at rest). Studies show that static stretching techniques do little to increase flexibility or reduce injury when performed before a workout; they also show that static stretches tend to have a detrimental effect on explosive movements and strength output as compared to dynamic stretching.

The Effects Of Electrical Muscle Stimulation On Muscle Strength, Power, And Size, N.K. Barber

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate the Vertical Jump, Margaria-Kalamen(M-K), 1 Repetition Maximum (1RM) for a toe raise, and circumference of the belly of the gastrocnemius between groups who received EMS treatment, plyometric training, or both EMS treatment while performing plyometric training to determine any differences.

Effects Of Extended Time Of Stretch On Anaerobic Exercise, Leon Ii Montgomery

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

Stretching is commonly used to prepare the body for work and protect the exercising muscles from sudden exertion. Ballistic, dynamic, active, passive, static, isometric and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching are the various ways of stretching that hold certain values which are beneficial for the body yet still pose draw backs in the nature of the movements. Static and dynamic stretching are more commonly used in athletics since they still prepare the body for work yet “dynamic stretching performed prior to vertical jumps can result in improvements in performance” (Vanderka 2011). Static stretching has long been the mode of choice for …

Mind Body And The Effects Of Music, Laura Huffstuttler, Amber Kunes, Shelby Runge, Peter Samuels, Sabrina Smith, Stacy Thomas

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

The study is intended to show if music can affect one’s rate of perceived exertion (RPE) using heart rate (HR) as a validity measure while exercising. The hypothesis is the effect will be positive with the use of music thus encouraging more people to exercise.

Effects Of Running Shoes And Finger Shoes On Tibial Shock Attenuation, Dung Mai

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of running shoes and finger shoes on tibial shock attenuation. We hypothesized that tibial impacts would be higher in the finger shoes.

The Effects Of N.O.-Xplode 2.0 Supplementation On Aerobic Performance, Robert C. Jones

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

The purpose of this research study was to measure and record the effects of N.O.-Xplode 2.0 supplementation on female exercisers during a VO2max test using the Bruce protocol.

Knowledge Transfer Of Educational Online Concussion Modules, Michael Bolli, Ryan Johnson, Jessica Lair, Heather Sandford

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

Sport-related concussion has become a major health concern resulting in new legislation mandating standardized concussion education for coaches and administrators.

The Effects Of Hand Osteoarthritis On Hand Grip Strength, Tiffany Parish

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

Hand osteoarthritis (HOA) is one of the most common joint disorders in elderly people. Osteoarthritis is known as degenerative arthritis since it is a condition in which the cartilage wears out between joints causing the bones to rub directly against other bones. Along with causing pain, it can limit mobility and range of motion, making it difficult for a person to grasp or use small objects, such as keys or pens. Other functional consequences may include hand weakness and force deficit. Depending on the severity of HOA a person has, the mobility, pain, and level of joint stiffness varies.

The Effects Of Acute Caffeine Ingestion On Perceived Exertion And Muscular Strength Endurance, Jason Livas

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of caffeine supplementation on perception of workload intensity and muscular strength endurance during deadlift performance to failure.

Is It Really Getting You Jack3d?, J Abney, C Anderson, B Guglielmelli, T Herr, S Row, J Schneider

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

More and more workout supplements are being introduced to the public without thorough testing, which is why more research is needed, especially for the supplements that are quite expensive. Jack3D is the supplement we chose to do our research on.

The Effects Of Caffeine On Physical Performance And Preceived Exertion In Caffeine Users And Non-Caffeine Users During Resistance Training, Andre Wilson, Carlin Johnston, Cecilia Acuna, Cliff Gardner, Eryka Aghedo, Gemina Genuzio

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

Caffeine has been used as a supplement primarily for aerobic exercise to keep athletes focused. There has been little research on the effects of caffeine during anaerobic training. The research found on the effects of caffeine on aerobic training mostly have positive results, therefore it is important to see whether or not caffeine would have the same positive effects during anaerobic training.

Are You More Fit Than A Third Grader?, Stevie Carpenter, Taylor Elrod, Jesse Gruber, Danny Sayavong

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

Previous studies have tested why adults seem to perform better in the areas of aerobic and anaerobic capacity, they have found that this occurs because with age comes a higher lung capacity. Also previous studies have looked at the comparison between motor development and its effect on fitness level. It was found that the higher an individuals motor proficiency the higher their fitness level appeared.

The Anaerobic Ability Of Elite Female Ice Hockey Players, Kimberly Van Dyke

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

The purpose of this study was to describe the anaerobic ability of elite female ice hockey players by producing power through their lower extremities.

The Effect Of Caffeine On Anaerobic Exercise, Nelson Gonzalez

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

Caffeine is one of the most socially acceptable performance enhancement drugs used by athletes and is one of the most widely studied ergogenic aids by sports scientists. The effect caffeine has on exercise performance is well founded, generally eliciting a dampening of perceptual response during exercise allowing the athlete to perform at a higher level. However, in comparison to aerobic performance, less research has been conducted on the ergogenic potential on anaerobic performance. Most research has been conducted through the use of the Wingate anaerobic test (WAnT), which determines anaerobic power. The WAnT requires the subject to pedal a cycle …