Kinesiology Commons^™

External Work Is Deficient In Both Limbs Of Patients With Unilateral Pad, Shane R. Wurdeman, Sara A. Myers, Jason Johanning, Iraklis Pipinos, Nikolaos Stergiou

Journal Articles

External work was utilized to measure differences between the unaffected and the affected limb in patients with unilateral peripheral arterial disease compared to healthy controls. Patients with unilateral peripheral arterial disease have shown deficits in peak joint powers during walking in the unaffected and affected legs. However, no research has detailed the amount of work that is being performed by each leg compared to healthy controls even though such an analysis would provide valuable information on the energy output from the affected and the unaffected legs. Two hypotheses were tested: a) the unaffected and affected leg would perform less work …

Sensitivity Of The Wolf’S And Rosenstein’S Algorithms To Evaluate Local Dynamic Stability From Small Gait Data Sets: Response To Commentaries By Bruijn Et Al., Fabien Cignetti, Leslie M. Decker, Nikolaos Stergiou

Journal Articles

Assessing gait stability using the Largest Lyapunov Exponent (λ₁) has become popular, especially because it may be a key measure in evaluating gait abnormalities in patient populations. However, clinical settings usually involve having small gait data sets and accurate determination of λ₁ estimates from such sets is difficult. In an effort to address this issue, Cignetti et al.2 recently identified that λ₁ estimates using the algorithm of Wolf et al.9 (W-algorithm) were more sensitive than those using the algorithm of Rosenstein et al.7 (R-algorithm) in order to capture age-related …

Peripheral Arterial Disease Affects The Frequency Response Of Ground Reaction Forces During Walking, Denise Mcgrath, Timothy N. Judkins, Iraklis Pipinos, Jason Johanning

Journal Articles

Background—Walking is problematic for patients with Peripheral Arterial Disease. The purpose of this study was to investigate the frequency domain of the ground reaction forces during walking to further elucidate the ambulatory impairment of these patients.

Methods—Nineteen bilateral peripheral arterial disease patients and nineteen controls were included in this study. Subjects were matched for age and gait speed. Participants walked over a force plate sampling at 600Hz. PAD patients were tested before (pain-free condition) after the onset of claudication symptoms (pain). We calculated median frequency, frequency bandwidth, and frequency containing 99.5% of the signal for the vertical and …

Biomechanical Effects Of Obesity On Balance, Hannah Del Porto, Celia Pechak, Darla Smith, Rebecca Reed-Jones

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 5(4) : 301-320, 2012. The objective of this review was to analyze the current literature related to the effects of obesity on balance. These effects were observed during conditions of static balance, perturbed balance and dynamic balance during gait. The literature review included studies focused on the biomechanical effects of obesity, the relationship between weight loss and balance, and the relative efficacy of weight loss as a balance intervention. The older adult population, which faces increased risk of falls and related injuries, was highlighted where targeted research was available. The existing literature provides evidence for …

Path Integration: Effect Of Curved Path Complexity And Sensory System On Blindfolded Walking, Panagiotis Koutakis, Mukul Mukherjee, Srikant Vallabhajosula, David J. Blanke, Nikolaos Stergiou

Journal Articles

Path integration refers to the ability to integrate continuous information of the direction and distance traveled by the system relative to the origin. Previous studies have investigated path integration through blindfolded walking along simple paths such as straight line and triangles. However, limited knowledge exists regarding the role of path complexity in path integration. Moreover, little is known about how information from different sensory input systems (like vision and proprioception) contributes to accurate path integration. The purpose of the current study was to investigate how sensory information and curved path complexity affect path integration. Forty blindfolded participants had to accurately …

Patients With Peripheral Arterial Disease Exhibit Reduced Joint Powers Compared To Velocity-Matched Controls, Shane R. Wurdeman, Panagiotis Koutakis, Sara A. Myers, Jason Johanning, Iraklis Pipinos, Nikolaos Stergiou

Journal Articles

Previous studies have shown major deficits in gait for individuals with peripheral arterial disease before and after the onset of pain. However, these studies did not have subjects ambulate at similar velocities and potential exists that the differences in joint powers may have been due to differences in walking velocity. The purpose of this study was to examine the joint moments and powers of peripheral arterial disease limbs for subjects walking at similar self-selected walking velocities as healthy controls prior to onset of any symptoms. Results revealed peripheral arterial disease patients have reduced peak hip power absorption in midstance ( …

Patients With Peripheral Arterial Disease Exhibit Reduced Joint Powers Compared To Velocity-Matched Controls, Shane Wurdeman, Panagiotis Koutakis, Sara Myers, Jason Johanning, Iraklis Pipinos, Nicholas Stergiou

Journal Articles

Previous studies have shown major deficits in gait for individuals with peripheral arterial disease before and after the onset of pain. However, these studies did not have subjects ambulate at similar velocities and potential exists that the differences in joint powers may have been due to differences in walking velocity. The purpose of this study was to examine the joint moments and powers of peripheral arterial disease limbs for subjects walking at similar self-selected walking velocities as healthy controls prior to onset of any symptoms. Results revealed peripheral arterial disease patients have reduced peak hip power absorption in midstance ( …

Gait Variability Is An Independent Marker Of Frailty, Anam Islam

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

The objectives of this study were to 1) determine if high gait variability is associated with frailty; 2) test the inter-rater reliability of the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) and its concurrent validity against the Frailty Phenotype Index (FPI) in classifying frailty. Frailty status was determined by applying the FPI and CFS to the sample of 107 community-dwelling older adults. Inter-rater reliability of the CFS was assessed using kappa statistics. Mantel-Haenszel test for trends evaluated concurrent validity of the CFS against the FPI components. Quantitative gait variables were assessed with an electronic walkway. Multivariable linear regression analysis evaluated the outcome of …

A Method Of Altering Coronal Plane Prosthetic Foot Stiffness For Studying Its Effect On Amputee Gait, Courtney E. Shell, Glenn K. Klute, Richard R. Neptune

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

In an effort to understand the effects of prosthetic foot stiffness on amputee gait and mobility, it is useful to produce prototype prosthetic feet that differ in stiffness. While many commercial prosthetic feet are made out of carbon fiber, the manufacturing process is ill-suited to design experimentation as it is expensive, time consuming and requires tooling modifications to produce design changes. In order to facilitate a study of the effects of coronal plane prosthetic foot stiffness on amputee maneuvering gait, we are manufacturing custom prosthetic feet using a form of additive manufacturing, selective laser sintering (SLS), that was developed at …

Do Horizontal Forces Matter For Horizontal Running?, Kenneth P. Clark, Laurence J. Ryan, Peter G. Weyand

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

DO HORIZONTAL FORCES MATTER FOR HORIZONTAL RUNNING?

Kenneth P. Clark, Laurence J. Ryan, and Peter G. Weyand

Southern Methodist University, Locomotor Performance Laboratory, Department of Applied Physiology and Wellness, Dallas, TX 75206

Classification of First Author: Doctoral Student

Introduction: The application of ground force is widely recognized as the critical determinant of running speed. At maximal speeds, 90-98% of the total force applied is directed vertically into the running surface while horizontal (fore-aft) contributions are relatively small. Despite their small magnitude, horizontal forces are clearly essential for balance and may be important for other reasons. However, the pattern of horizontal …

Wearing A Safety Harness During Treadmill Walking Influences Lower Extremity Kinematics Mainly Through Changes In Ankle Regularity And Local Stability, Leslie M. Decker, Fabien Cignetti, Nikolaos Stergiou

Journal Articles

Background: Wearing a harness during treadmill walking ensures the subject’s safety and is common practice in biomedical engineering research. However, the extent to which such practice influences gait is unknown. This study investigated harness-related changes in gait patterns, as evaluated from lower extremity kinematics during treadmill walking.

Findings: Healthy subjects (n = 10) walked on a treadmill at their preferred speed for 3 minutes with and without wearing a harness (LiteGait®, Mobility Research, Inc.). In the former condition, no weight support was provided to the subjects. Lower extremity kinematics was assessed in the sagittal plane from the mean (meanRoM), standard …

The Effect Of Load On Movement Coordination During Sled Towing, Michael Lawrence, Daniel Leib, Cara Masterson, Erin Hartigan

Daniel Leib

INTRODUCTION Towing sleds while walking is a popular resistance exercise for the healthy athlete. One reason for the popularity of sled towing is that it is widely believed to be a ‘functional’ exercise. Preliminary research suggests towing while walking can increases lower extremity moment impulses; however whether towing a sled utilizes the same coordination patterns as un-resisted walking is unknown. While altered patterns may not be as relevant to a healthy athlete, sled towing is also sometimes used in the rehabilitation of athletes who sustained a lower extremity injury (anterior cruciate ligament rupture) with the goal of regaining movement symmetry. …

Variability Of Gait Is Dependent On Direction Of Progression: Implications For Active Control, Shane R. Wurdeman, Neil B. Huben

Journal Articles

Typical healthy walking displays greater variability in the mediolateral direction compared to the anteroposterior direction. This greater variability is thought to represent increased uncertainty in movement. As a result, it has been postulated that the mediolateral direction of gait requires more active control by the central nervous system while the anteroposterior direction is controlled through passive actions. However, this theory has only been tested on gait where progression occurs in the anteroposterior direction. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate how the amount of variability is affected if progression occurs in the mediolateral direction using a lateral stepping …

The Clinical Usefulness Of Vector Coding Variability In Female Runners With And Without Patellofemoral Pain, Tommy Joseph Cunningham

Theses and Dissertations--Kinesiology and Health Promotion

It has been suggested that Patellofemoral Pain (PFP) may be the result of a coordinate state which exhibits less joint coordination variability. The ability to relate joint coordination variability to PFP pathology could have many clinical uses; however, evidence to support clinical application is lacking. Vector coding’s coupling angle variability (CAV) has been introduced as a possible analysis method to quantify joint coordination variability. The purpose of this study was to assess the clinical usefulness of CAV measures from a dynamical systems perspective. This involved establishing the precision limits of CAV measures when physiological conditions are held constant, altering control …