Kinesiology Commons^™

Mental Imagery And Basketball: A Comparison Of Cognitive-Specific And Flow Imagery, Evan Welo

Psychology Honors Projects

Flow is a psychological state that is associated with optimal performance. Sports such as basketball are conducive to an individual experiencing flow because they have rules that structure and focus attention. Past research indicates that sports related mental imagery practice improves athletic performance; however few studies to date have systematically included the characteristics of flow in their sports mental imagery interventions. The present study compared the efficacy of a ―flow‖ and a standard basketball mental imagery intervention at improving performance on a basketball-shooting task. No significant differences were found between groups, but both reported increases in flow experiences.

Differences In Upper Body Posture And Postural Muscle Activation In Females With Larger Breast Sizes, Mindy Bennett

Boise State University Theses and Dissertations

Breast hypertrophy is a common medical condition whose morbidity has increased over recent decades. Symptoms of breast hypertrophy often include musculoskeletal pain in the neck, back and shoulders, and numerous psychosocial health burdens. To date, reduction mammaplasty (RM) is the only treatment shown to significantly reduce the severity of the symptoms associated with breast hypertrophy. However, due to a lack of scientific evidence in the medical literature justifying the medical necessity of RM, insurance companies often deny requests for coverage of this procedure. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate biomechanical differences in the upper body of women …

Hispanic Youth Physical Activity Participation: A Study Of Psychological And Social Influence, Maria L. Trinidad

Theses and Dissertations - UTB/UTPA

This study seeks to identity barriers that influenced middle school students from engaging in daily physical activity at least 60 minutes outside of their physical education classes in the Rio Grande Valley. Statistical significance of the study will be determined at the 95% level of confidence. The researcher offers the null hypothesis of no difference between the doers and non-doers The participants of this study were 79 middle school students ages 12-15. The participants were given an open-ended questionnaire. Cross tabulation analyses was conducted to determine difference using the Mann-Whitney U Test. Data from the research questions was analyzed by …

The Effect Of Concurrent Cell Phone Use And Walking On Gait Characteristics, Jennifer Marie Aldridge

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

This study examined the effects that cell phone use has on gait and situation awareness. Subjects (n=18; 24.67±3.60 yrs) completed three five-minute treadmill walking conditions (self-selected speed): (1) CONTROL (walking only), (2) TALK (walking and talking), and (3) TEXT (walking and texting). The number of detected lights presented in the visual field was recorded, as were kinematic data of the feet. Using a one-way repeated measure ANOVA it was determined light detection (F _(2,17) =39.777, p<0.001) and TC_min (F_(2,17) =8.574, p=0.001) were different between conditions. Specifically, light detection decreased during TEXT (2.6±2.2 lights) versus TALK (5.8±0.05 lights, p<0.001) or CONTROL (5.9±0.05 lights, p<0.001); TC_min decreased …

An Examination Of Body Composition Measurement Methods In Children, Robert Kaplan

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Introduction . Body-composition methods include underwater weighing (UWW), skinfold thickness (SKF), bioelectrical impedance (BIA), and the BOD POD. Although these techniques are used routinely, each has its inherent limitations, especially in children. Purpose . The purpose of this study was to examine the various methods of body composition in children. Methods . The body composition of 7 boys between the ages of 12-14 (13.1 +/- 1.1 years) was determined using the BOD POD, UWW, SKF, and BIA. Results . Percent body fat estimated from the BOD POD (21.9 +/- 7.8%BF) was not significantly different than the estimated percent fat from …

Pulsed Jet Dynamics Of Squid Hatchlings At Intermediate Reynolds Numbers, Ian K. Bartol, Paul S. Krueger, William J. Stewart, Joseph T. Thompson

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Squid paralarvae (hatchlings) rely predominantly on a pulsed jet for locomotion, distinguishing them from the majority of aquatic locomotors at low/intermediate Reynolds numbers (Re), which employ oscillatory/undulatory modes of propulsion. Although squid paralarvae may delineate the lower size limit of biological jet propulsion, surprisingly little is known about the hydrodynamics and propulsive efficiency of paralarval jetting within the intermediate Re realm. To better understand paralarval jet dynamics, we used digital particle image velocimetry (DPIV) and high-speed video to measure bulk vortex properties ( e. g. circulation, impulse, kinetic energy) and other jet features [ e. g. average and …

Effect Of Surface Stability On Core Muscle Activity During Dynamic Resistance Exercises, Brennan J. Thompson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this study was to compare core muscle activity during resistance exercises performed on stable ground versus an unstable surface and to examine whether lifting at different relative intensities affects core muscle activity levels. Twelve trained men performed four different movements including the deadlift, back squat, military press, and curl. Surface electromyography (EMG) was utilized to assess the activity of the rectus abdominis, external oblique, transversus abdominis, and erector spinae muscles. Participants performed each movement under three separate conditions including standing on stable ground with 50% of their one repetition maximum (1-RM), standing on a BOSU balance trainer …

Exercise Science Academic Programs And Research In Brazil, Roberto Simão, Jonato Prestes

International Journal of Exercise Science

The International Journal of Exercise Science has enjoyed an association with several students and professionals from Brazil. In this invited editorial, professors from leading institutions in Brazil, Roberto Simão from Rio de Janeiro Federal University, and Jonato Prestes from the Federal University of São Carlos, share information regarding their programs relating to Exercise Science. They have provided information on academic components such as entrance requirements, progression through programs, and professional opportunities available to students following completion; as well as details regarding funding available to students to participate in research, collaboration, and specific research interests.

The Effects Of Cold Water Immersion On Fractioned Response Time, Patricia Jean Romney

Theses and Dissertations

Objectives: Quantify the effects of cold water immersion of the ankle on fractioned response time of the dominant lower limb. Design and Setting: A 2x2x5x5 crossover design with repeated measures on time and treatment directed data collection. The independent variables were gender, treatment, time (pretreatment, and post 15 seconds, 3 minutes 6 minutes and 9 minutes) and trial (5 trials for each time group). Response time (Tresp), reaction time (Treac), trial and surface temperature were measurement variables. Subjects: Thirty-six subjects, 18 females and 18 males were recruited from a physically active volunteer college student population. Measurements: Fractioned response time was …

Body Composition And Carotid Artery Intima-Media Thickness In 12 To 17-Year-Old Adolescents, Jennifer J. Willis

Theses and Dissertations

Background and Purpose—There is controversy in the literature regarding the relationship between intima-media thickness (IMT) and body composition among adolescents. This study investigated the relationship between body fat percentage and IMT, while controlling for height, weight, age, blood pressure, cholesterol, glucose, triglycerides and VO2max in 12 to 17-year-old children.
Methods—111 children (mean age = 14.33 years) participated in this study. Body fat percentage was assessed using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). A B-mode, high-resolution ultrasonograph was used to measure the IMT of the right and left common carotid arteries (CCA). Fasting blood tests were performed to obtain blood …

Development Of An Exercise Test To Predict Vo2max In Children And Adolescents, Nathan E. Black

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of nonexercise (N-EX) data, specifically, the Perceived Functional Ability (PFA) and Physical Activity Rating (PA-R) questionnaires, with the treadmill walk-jog-run protocol to estimate VO2max in 12 to 17 year old boys and girls. Ninety-one participants (49 males and 42 females) took part in this study. Data were collected via PFA and PA-R questionnaires, a walk-jog-run submaximal treadmill test, and a maximal graded exercise test (GXT). Data collected included gender, age, height, weight, PFA and PA-R scores, heart rate (HR), treadmill speed, maximal treadmill grade, respiratory exchange ratio (RER), rating of …

Power Training: Can It Improve Functional Performance In Older Adults? A Systematic Review, John Rice†, Justin Keogh‡

International Journal of Exercise Science

Older adults’ reduced performance in functional activities of daily living (ADL) such as gait, sit to stand or stair climbing may reflect age-related declines in muscular power more so than strength. Therefore, this review was conducted to determine if power training is effective in improving the functional ability of older adults, and if so, if it was more effective than strength training. The review was performed using Medline (PubMed), CINAHL, Sports Discus, ProQuest 5000 International and Google Scholar with the keywords “power training”, “older adult” and “elder” and all derivatives. Of the 12 eligible studies identified, nine also included a …

Determination Of Systolic Blood Pressure Recovery Time After Exercise In Apparently Healthy, Normotensive, Non-Athletic Adults And The Effects Of Age, Gender, And Exercise Intensity, Uchechukwu Dimkpa†, Andrew C. Ugwu‡

International Journal of Exercise Science

The aim of this study was to determine in statistical terms, the systolic blood pressure recovery time (SBPRT) and the effects of age, gender and exercise intensity in a large sample of apparently healthy non-athletic adults (n=597, aged 18-68). Subjects performed mild, moderate, and severe ergometer exercise tests. Blood pressure was measured before exercise (after 10 and 15 minutes of rest), during exercise (at 2-minute intervals) and at every minute of post-exercise recovery until systolic blood pressure (SBP) returned to baseline. The present findings indicate that the average values of SBPRT were between 5 and 7 minutes regardless of age, …

Anthropometric And Physiological Predictors Of Flat-Water 1000 M Kayak Performance In Young Adolescents And The Effectiveness Of A High Volume Training Camp., Scott C. Forbes†, Daniel L. Fuller†, Joel R. Krentz†, Jonathon P. Little†, Phillip D. Chilibeck‡

International Journal of Exercise Science

Our purpose was to determine the relationship of anthropometric and physiological variables with 1000m flat-water kayak (K1000) performance. A secondary purpose was to determine the effectiveness of a high volume training camp. High performance young adolescent kayakers (n=13, 8 males, 5 females, 15±1 yrs) participated in this study. Testing before and after the 3-4 week training camp included anthropometric measurements (height, sitting height, arm span, and body mass), strength (1-RM: bench press and bench pull), flexibility (sit and reach), and an incremental kayak ergometer test to determine peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) and anaerobic threshold, and an open water K1000 time …

The Influence Of An Environmental Cue And Exercise On Food Consumption In College Students, Samantha J. Hackbart †, James D. Lecheminant‡, John D. Smith‡, Curt L. Lox‡

International Journal of Exercise Science

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of an environmental cue (bowl size) on food consumption and to examine the influence of exercise on that relationship. This cross-sectional study included 286 college students attending a large Midwestern University. Upon arrival at an ice cream social for university students, participants were randomly given a small (8 oz) or large (12 oz) bowl and a 4-page survey addressing exercise and eating habits. At the social, participants were invited to dish themselves as much ice cream as they wanted and the amount consumed was determined by weighing the bowl with …

Determination Of Blood Lactate Concentration: Reliability And Validity Of A Lactate Oxidase-Based Method, Rachel White*, Daniel Yaeger*, Stasinos Stavrianeas‡

International Journal of Exercise Science

The measurement of blood lactate has long been used as marker of exercise intensity and training status. We compared a commercially available lactate oxidase spectrophotometric method (LO) to determine blood lactate levels to two previously validated methods, the lactate dehydrogenase spectrophotometric method (LDH), and the YSI 1500L Sport lactate analyzer (YSI). First we established a series of calibration curves over physiological range of lactate values (1-15 mM∙l-1 for the spectrophotometric assays and 1-30 mM∙l-1 for the YSI) with high correlations (0.986 < r < 0.999). Aerobically trained participants (n = 11) performed repeated exercise bouts of varying intensities on a cycle ergometer. Capillary blood samples (n = 189) were collected from the earlobe and the blood lactate concentration was determined using each of the three methods. An ANOVA (alpha=0.05) revealed no differences in blood lactate concentrations between the three methods. The three experimental protocols yielded similarly-shaped lactate curves, although the actual values for the LDH method was somewhat lower than the LO and the YSI at every intensity level. Bland-Altman plots revealed a slight bias towards lower lactate values with the LDH method, perhaps indicative of a more conservative measure of blood lactate. We conclude that the LO method is a reliable and valid method to determine blood lactate concentrations spectrophotometrically. All three methods can provide useful within-subject lactate curves, although we caution against interchangeable use of the three methods.

Spatting Restricts Ankle Motion More Effectively Than Taping During Exercise, Brian E. Udermann†, Kevin C. Miller†, Scott T. Doberstein‡, David M. Reineke‡, Steven R. Murray‡, Robert W. Pettitt‡

International Journal of Exercise Science

Ankle injuries, via plantarflexion (PF) and inversion, are commonplace today. To reduce ankle injuries, restrictive appliances such as taping and bracing have been employed. These appliances, however, have the disadvantage of potentially loosening considerably with mild activity. Spatting—applying tape over the shoe and sock—has been suggested as a viable alternative, yet its efficacy has not been researched widely. We examined the effects of taping or spatting the ankles on 17 men (age = 20.7 ± 2.1 years; height = 185.7 ± 5.7 cm; mass = 93.6 ± 16.2 kg) before, during, and after 60 minutes of exercise involving multi-directional activity. …

Appropriate Practices In College/University Physical Activity Instructional Programs, Bridget F. Melton, Michele M. Sweeney, Jared A. Russel, Carrie L. Moore

Community Health: Faculty Presentations (1993-2018)

This session will introduce the audience to a new NASPE document that supports basic instructional programming at the college and university level. Based on NASPE’s former K-12 Appropriate Practice documents, this document will serve as an advocacy document for the importance of quality programming at the college/university level. Come and preview this new document!

Peer-Led Team Learning: A Prospective Method For Increasing Critical Thinking In Undergraduate Science Courses, Ian J. Quitadamo, C. Jayne Brahler, Gregory J. Crouch

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

This study examined the impact of peer-led team learning (PLTL) on critical thinking gains in science and math courses at a research university in the Pacific Northwest.

Wku Scholar, Office Of Sponsored Programs, Western Kentucky University

WKU Scholar

No abstract provided.

An Examination Of Factors Affecting Weight And Health In Exercising Adults, Cynthia West Dupuis

Doctoral Dissertations

Obesity is a significant problem in American society with approximately 65% of the population classified as overweight and the obesity rate exceeding 30% of all American adults. Obesity is associated with widespread physical and mental health problems which lead to increased healthcare costs, increased work absenteeism, and decreased work productivity. The factors of genetics and diet have been studied extensively by researchers in relation to weight gain and health. Physical exercise also has been established as a factor that affects weight and health, but exercise programs of all types suffer from an average attrition rate of approximately 50%. The additional …

Hamstring Strength Measurements In Collegiate Athletes With A History Of Hamstring Injury, Jaimie Lynn Doherty

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Theses & Dissertations

Eccentric hamstring strength (EHS) and hamstring: quadriceps ratios (H:Q) have been proposed to decrease in those who suffer hamstring injuries after return to play. The purpose of this study was to assess EHS and the three types of H:Q (conventional, functional and inverse functional) at two different velocities. Subjects reported to either the university athletic training room or clinic for a single testing session. We included a sample of convenience of 42 Division I and III collegiate athletes (age= 20.64±1.51 yrs ht= 175.93±10.94 cm; mass= 81.77±18.33 kg) with previous hamstring injury (past 24 months). The Biodex System 3 (Biodex Medical …

The Effect Of Instruction On Jump-Landing Kinematics In Collegiate Age Female Athletes Over Time, Jena Lynne Etnoyer

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Theses & Dissertations

The use of verbal and video instruction is a simple feedback tool that can be implemented into almost all clinical rehabilitative and prevention programs. The purpose of this study was to determine whether self or a combination of self and expert feedback will have a long term effect on box-drop jump (BDJ), running-stop jump (RS), and sidestep maneuver (SS) lower extremity kinematics (knee flexion, knee valgus, hip flexion, hip abduction) over time in healthy college age female athletes. A repeated measures design was used. Forty-three physically active females (age=21.47±1.55years; height=l.65±0.08m; weight=63.78±12kg) were randomly assigned to three groups; 15 self feedback(S), …

Physical Activity In Individuals With Down Syndrome: An Overview, And Suggestions For Appropriate Activities And Instructional Techniques, Lauren La Course

Renée Crown University Honors Thesis Projects - All

Individuals with Down Syndrome (DS) can benefit immensely from the physical as well as social and psychological aspects of sport and exercise. However, because their physical and mental capacities stray from the norm it can often be hard to find suitable activities for them, accessible venues and knowledgeable instructors. This paper outlines the physiological differences associated with DS in regards to the musculoskeletal system, cardiovascular system, and the immune system, in addition to addressing the higher incidence of certain health conditions, such as diabetes, osteoporosis and Alzheimer’s disease, and the relationship exercise has with these conditions.

The reasons for low …

Immediate Effect Of Heel-Pain Orthosis And An Augmented Low-Dye Taping On Plantar Pressures And Pain In Subjects With Plantar Fasciitis, Tracy Andus

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Theses & Dissertations

Research has been done investigating plantar pressures and pain in subjects with pathologies after the application of orthoses and arch taping. To date, however, no study has been conducted investigating plantar pressures and pain in subjects with plantar fasciitis after the application of the augmented low-dye taping (ALD) in comparison to a heel-pain orthosis (HPO). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the effects of the ALD in comparison to a HPO on pain, peak plantar pressure (PPP), and mean plantar pressure (MPP) under multiple areas of the foot in subjects with plantar fasciitis while walking and jogging. …

The Effects Of Isolated Hamstring Fatigue On Jump Landing In Healthy Recreational Athletes, Kristen Anne Phillips

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Theses & Dissertations

The musculature of the lower extremity provides dynamic stability during daily and athletic tasks. In landing tasks, the lower extremity absorbs forces and reduces excessive stresses and motions that are placed upon the body. Neuromuscular fatigue has been linked to an increase in injury and altered kinematics during jump landing tasks. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of hamstring fatigue on knee and hip kinematics pre and post hamstrings fatigue while landing from a box drop of 30cm height, during the stop-jump phase. The study aimed to quantify the kinematic data of the hip and knee …

Preventing Childhood Obesity: What Works?, Ll Birch, A K. Ventura

Kinesiology and Public Health

Rates of overweight in North American children and adolescents have increased dramatically since the 1970s. Childhood obesity has reached epidemic proportions and calls for prevention and treatment programs to reverse this trend have been made. However, the evidence base needed for effective action is still incomplete, especially for childhood obesity prevention programs. This paper focuses on primary prevention of childhood obesity and has three aims: (1) to briefly describe current primary prevention approaches for childhood obesity and the evidence for their impact; (2) to elucidate promising, but untested intervention strategies using an ecological framework and evidence from experimental and epidemiological …

Gait Variability Is Altered In Patients With Peripheral Arterial Disease, Sara A. Myers, Jason Johanning, Nikolaos Stergiou, Ronaldo Celis, Leon Robinson

Journal Articles

Objective

Claudication is the most common presentation of peripheral arterial disease (PAD), producing significant ambulatory compromise. Claudicating patients, most of whom are elderly, have reduced mobility and poor health outcomes, including an increased risk of falls. The gait of elderly fallers is characterized by increased variability. Increase in the variability of the locomotor system makes the gait more noisy and unstable. The purpose of this study is to investigate gait variability in patients with PAD.

Methods

Nineteen symptomatic PAD patients (age, 63.6 ± 9.8 years; body mass, 82.1 ± 18.5 kg; height, 1.71 ± 0.06 m) walked on a treadmill …

Factors Affecting Functional Reach Scores In Youth With Typical Development, Kathleen G. Volkman, Nikolaos Stergiou, Wayne A. Stuberg, Regina T. Harbourne, Daniel Blanke, Julie Stoner

Journal Articles

Purpose: Functional Reach Test scores were examined for the effects of traditional and alternate methods and subject characteristics.

Methods: Eighty subjects aged 7 to 16 years were tested. Effects of measurement method (from finger-to-finger or from toe-to-finger) and style of reach (1 or 2 arms) were investigated. Five subject variables were analyzed for interactions among the methods and groups defined by subject characteristics.

Results: Measurement method and style of reach showed a significant interaction. Interaction of method with subject characteristics was significant for age, height, and base of support only. Height groups by quartile were significantly different and scores increased …

Development Of A Prone Bridge Test As A Measurement Of Abdominal Stability In Healthy Adults, Joel D. Reece

Theses and Dissertations

Abstract This study sought to develop an interval prone bridge fitness test to assess core stabilization in healthy adults (ages 18–39 years). Participants performed a prone bridge maneuver in alternating 15-sec work and 5-sec rest intervals with participants' RPE scores (0–10) recorded at the end of each work interval. The RPE score reported after 95 sec (RPE-95) was used to predict total interval prone bridge endurance time along with participants' self-reported level of physical activity (PA; sedentary = 0, low active = 1, active = 2, very active = 3). Multiple linear regression was employed to generate the following prediction …