Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Kinesiology Commons™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Articles 31 - 60 of 203

Full-Text Articles in Kinesiology

Physiological Responses During A Modified Bruce Max Test In The Anti-Gravity Treadmill, Lucy Kang Jan 2016

Physiological Responses During A Modified Bruce Max Test In The Anti-Gravity Treadmill, Lucy Kang

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

INTRODUCTION: Physical activity can be difficult or painful for the obese, disabled, or those recovering from injury or surgery. For all populations, regular physical activity is a necessity for overall health, increased mobility, and reduction of all-cause mortality rates. Lower body positive pressure (LBPP) treadmills offer a way to unweigh users in an effort to reduce reaction forces that may inhibit physical activity and are less painful than traditional harness systems. To address this, the physiological responses in the AlterG© Anti-Gravity treadmill were measured, while performing a modified Bruce max test. The measurements take were the RPE, absolute and relative …


The Comparison Of Muscle Activation And Performance In A Neutral And Supinated Grip Bicep Curl, Peter Lam Jan 2016

The Comparison Of Muscle Activation And Performance In A Neutral And Supinated Grip Bicep Curl, Peter Lam

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

BACKGROUND: When performing a bicep curl, there are many muscles that must activate in order to achieve this motion much like any other body part. Changing the hand formation from a supinated to a neutral grip can change the biomechanics of the arm during elbow flexion. For this study, the brachioradialis was compared to determine whether or not it was more involved during the initial 40 degrees of elbow flexion during a neutral grip bicep curl compared to a supinated grip bicep curl. According to the literature, most studies found no significant difference in performance and muscle activity between a …


The Effect Of Caffeine As An Ergogenic Aid During A Short-Duration, High Intensity Exercise, Efosa Agbonmamwen Jan 2016

The Effect Of Caffeine As An Ergogenic Aid During A Short-Duration, High Intensity Exercise, Efosa Agbonmamwen

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

INTRODUCTION: Many athlete use caffeine as an ergogenic aid to improve performance. The world anti doping agency (WADA) currently monitors the pattern caffeine is being used during competition among athletes. Evidence from the literature indicates that caffeine ingestion may improve exercise performance by reducing fatigue and increasing concentration and alertness. However, the evidence for caffeine as an ergogenic aid on short-duration and high-intensity activity has been controversial. These conflicting conclusions can be attributed to testing protocol, dose of caffeine, fitness level of subjects, nutrition and subject collaboration. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of caffeine …


The Effects Of Music On Physiological Responses During Submaximal Exercise, Adrian Benna Jan 2016

The Effects Of Music On Physiological Responses During Submaximal Exercise, Adrian Benna

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

INTRODUCTION: Studies have shown that music can have psychological effects on a person. It can affect a person’s emotions and stress levels. Other variables that can be affected by music are heart rate and rate of perceived exertion (RPE). RPE is used as a way to measure workout intensity subjectively and is usually presented in the form of Borg’s scale. Heart rate is also a good indicator of the intensity of the workout. During exercise, there is an increase in sympathetic activity because of the body’s demand for more oxygen which also increases HR. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study …


The Effects Of Creatine Supplementation On The Upper And Lower Body Muscular Strength And Endurance, Luis J. Anaya Niño Jan 2016

The Effects Of Creatine Supplementation On The Upper And Lower Body Muscular Strength And Endurance, Luis J. Anaya Niño

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

BACKGROUND: Since its discovery, many studies have been done on creatine (Cr) and it is an ergogenic supplement that increases short term, high intensity exercise performance. Most of the total Cr (95%) in humans is located in the skeletal muscle, in which 60% is phosphocreatine and the remainder is free Cr (1,2). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of 7 – days of oral creatine supplementation during upper and lower body strength and endurance measurements. METHODS: Students at UTA and the Kinesiology department volunteered to participate in this study, five men (M; age 24 + 3.03 …


A Comparison In Physiological Responses Between Cycle Ergometer And Elliptical Submaximal Exercise, Julio Jaramillo Jan 2016

A Comparison In Physiological Responses Between Cycle Ergometer And Elliptical Submaximal Exercise, Julio Jaramillo

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

BACKGROUND: The specific purpose of this research was to determine if there were any physiological differences in cycle ergometer and elliptical submaximal exercises in terms of oxygen consumption, fat and carbohydrate metabolism, blood lactate production, and the amount of kilocalories metabolized. The cycle ergometer and the elliptical are both valid pieces of exercise equipment to use when pursuing submaximal exercise. The difference in how the human body consumes oxygen, metabolizes fats, carbohydrates, and kilocalories from doing a submaximal exercise using both a cycle ergometer and an elliptical on separate occasions are to be questioned. It was hypothesized that there would …


Effects Of Advocare Spark Supplementation On Submaximal Cycling Test, Matt Mclean Jan 2016

Effects Of Advocare Spark Supplementation On Submaximal Cycling Test, Matt Mclean

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

EFFECTS OF ADVOCARE SPARK SUPPLEMENTATION ON SUBMAXIMAL CYCLING TEST Author: Matt McLean Faculty Sponsor: J.R. Wilson, Ph.D., Brad Heddins, M.S. INTRODUCTION: Submaximal Exercise is one of the most common forms of physical activity and is prevalent in both the advanced athlete’s training regimen as well as the everyday exerciser. Utilizing the consumption of different pre-workout drinks in order to optimize submaximal exercise has been studied for years. It is well documented that the caffeine in pre-workout beverages effect physiological responses to exercise. There has also been many studies showing the effects of vitamin and nutrient supplementation on submaximal exercise. Advocare …


A Comparison Between The Wingate Anaerobic Test And Right Knee Extension Power, Sarah Beckman Jan 2016

A Comparison Between The Wingate Anaerobic Test And Right Knee Extension Power, Sarah Beckman

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

INTRODUCTION: Anaerobic power is maximal power developed during utmost, short term physical effort. Anaerobic activities use energy that is stored in muscles and that can be accessed without the use of oxygen. Power is measured in watts (W) and relative power is measured by watts per kilogram of body weight (W/kg). Research shows that there are correlations between Wingate power and other anaerobic activities such as field tests, vertical jumping, and cycling tests. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the differences and similarities of the Wingate anaerobic power test (WAnT) and right knee extension power as measured …


Comparing Unilateral Transfer Of Mucsle Activity For Reaction Time For Right And Left Handed Individuals, Adam Grillo Jan 2016

Comparing Unilateral Transfer Of Mucsle Activity For Reaction Time For Right And Left Handed Individuals, Adam Grillo

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

INTRODUCTION: Fitts’ law is a descriptive model of human movement that states the time required to rapidly move to a target areas is a function of the ratio between the distance to the target and the width of the target. This means for simple tasks such as a simple bicep curl, the distance and targeted area are short and easy to hit. If one side of the body goes through this simple task, the opposite side will have a better idea of what to expect through what is called bilateral transfer. However unilateral transfer of muscle activity, were someone works …


Effects Of Beta-Alanine Supplementation On Blood Lactate Levels On Maximal Exercise, Yovany Servin Jan 2016

Effects Of Beta-Alanine Supplementation On Blood Lactate Levels On Maximal Exercise, Yovany Servin

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

INTRODUCTION: A physiological measure of ten used to detect metabolic changes during exercise is measurement of blood lactate concentration. Lactate is produced by working muscle and is the end-product of an aerobic glycolysis. Some of it diffuses into the blood, and during exercise, heart fibers and ST fibers in working muscle take up most of the lactate and convert it back into pyruvate, which then enters the Krebs cycle (aerobic system). During exercise recovery, however, most of the lactate is removed from blood by the liver. Certainly, blood lactate concentrations reflect exercise intensity. However, the rapid accumulation of lactate in …


Enhancing Muscular Performance In Men: Traditional Resistance Training Compounded With Plyometric Training In A 6-Week Training Program, Tanner Houston Jan 2016

Enhancing Muscular Performance In Men: Traditional Resistance Training Compounded With Plyometric Training In A 6-Week Training Program, Tanner Houston

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

INTRODUCTION: In-season training for athletes is a tricky time when it comes to maintaining performance on the field. They spend all off-season training their bodies to perform at peak performance when the game is on the line, but during the season training can be a totally different story. The combination of games, practices, and workouts during a season can lead to an early onset of fatigue that can decrease performance prematurely either late in games or throughout an entire prolonged season, so training regimens are bolstered to decrease the intensity during the season to where players can last the entire …


The Effects Of Acute Dietary Nitrate Supplementation On Maximal Exercise Performance, Zachary Blankenship Jan 2016

The Effects Of Acute Dietary Nitrate Supplementation On Maximal Exercise Performance, Zachary Blankenship

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

INTRODUCTION: Beet juice has recently become a growing dietary supplement used by athletes to improve exercise performance. Beet juice is high in dietary nitrates which is absorbed in the upper gastrointestinal tract. The nitrate is then converted into nitrite which is further reduced to nitric oxide. Nitric oxide regulates muscle blood flow via vasodilation and mitochondrial respiration. Research shows that dietary nitrate supplementation reduces the oxygen cost of submaximal exercise for the same workload. This results in more mechanical efficiency of muscle contraction. PURPOSE: The purpose of this experiment was to determine if dietary nitrate improves aerobic exercise performance. METHODS: …


Effects Of Varying Load During A Wingate Test, Bobbie Cooks Jan 2016

Effects Of Varying Load During A Wingate Test, Bobbie Cooks

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

Effects of Varying Load During A Wingate Test Author: Bobbie Cooks Faculty Sponsor: J.R. Wilson, Ph.D. INTRODUCTION: The Wingate Anaerobic Test (WAnT) also known as Wingate test is used for athletes to assess peak anaerobic power, anaerobic fatigue, and total anaerobic capacity. It is crucial in determining physiological profiles, training programs, and assessing human muscle capacity. The test requires the subject to pedal a mechanically braked bicycle ergometer for 30 seconds at an “all out” pace. They are advised to complete a 3-5 minute warm-up followed by a 1-2 minute cool down. Research shows that, depending on the study, and …


Effects Of Caffeine On Blood Lactate During Submaximal Exercise In Women, Kyle P. Morone Jan 2016

Effects Of Caffeine On Blood Lactate During Submaximal Exercise In Women, Kyle P. Morone

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

INTRODUCTION: Blood Lactate is the buildup of the byproduct lactic acid (LA) in the blood. LA is present at rest, but is increased during exercise. The rate of clearance of LA is an indication of fitness levels. Research shows that a pre-exercise caffeine supplementation further increases the accumulation of blood lactate.


Effectiveness Of Recovery Methods On Clearance Of Blood Lactate After Strenuous Exercise On Jiu-Jitus Athletes, Jordan Shepler Jan 2016

Effectiveness Of Recovery Methods On Clearance Of Blood Lactate After Strenuous Exercise On Jiu-Jitus Athletes, Jordan Shepler

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

Introduction: Blood lactate is one of the most measured parameters during performance testing of athletes. With high intensity training comes an increased level of blood lactate. If not properly cleared, elevated blood lactate levels are associated with impaired muscle function as well as reduced exercise performance. Previous studies have demonstrated that active recovery (AR), performing low intensity aerobic exercise post exercise is more effective at clearing lactate than rest/ passive recovery (PR). Whole-body Cryotherapy (WBC) has recently gained popularity for improving recovery after strenuous exercise as an alternative to traditional ice-water therapy. Subjects enter a specially designed cabin in which …


Effects Of Fasting On Submaximal Exercise, Lenia Rodriguez Jan 2016

Effects Of Fasting On Submaximal Exercise, Lenia Rodriguez

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

INTRODUCTION: Glucose is the primary energy source for the human body. It is obtained through eating carbohydrates among other things. Its chemical energy contributes to the generation of ATP during aerobic respiration. Glucose is stored in the body’s muscles and liver as glycogen where it can then be readily converted back to its original form. Studies have now shown there to be benefits from fasting before exercise. When eating carbs before a workout it promotes energy storage, inhibits the sympathetic nervous system and therefore reduces fat burning. In the fasting condition process such as energy storage cease. PURPOSE: The purpose …


Submaximal Exercise Capacity Between Beet Juice And Caffeine, Andrew Ballard Jan 2015

Submaximal Exercise Capacity Between Beet Juice And Caffeine, Andrew Ballard

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

Both caffeine and beet juice have been used by athletes and trainers around the world in order to help boost their energy levels and perform longer. Beet juice is used because it contains healthy and natural substances that are essential for the body. However, the main one that athletes are looking for in beet juice is nitrate, because it causes vasodilation in the blood vessels. Caffeine, on the other hand, is the most common substance used by athletes. It is used by athletes because it is an ergogenic aid, which is through to give athletes enhanced energy levels for improved …


The Cardiorespiratory Responses In Lap Swimmers And Zumba Dancers, Natalie Villanueva Jan 2015

The Cardiorespiratory Responses In Lap Swimmers And Zumba Dancers, Natalie Villanueva

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

Cardiorespiratory responses can be evaluated by measuring the workload, heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), and rate of perceived exertion (RPE) in a submaximal test. Although it is often used to determine an exercise prescription, it also evaluates the aerobic fitness of an individual. There are many aerobic activities that benefit health/fitness. Swimming has been one of most popular fitness activities. Swimming is a non-weight bearing exercise that allows individuals who have joint problems or arthritis to exercise. Although, swimming has been ranked second to walking, dancing has become increasingly popular. Zumba is a weight bearing exercise that consists of …


A Comparison Of Median Nerve Compression Symptoms Between First-Year And Fourth-Year Kinesiology Students, R. Hamilton Jan 2015

A Comparison Of Median Nerve Compression Symptoms Between First-Year And Fourth-Year Kinesiology Students, R. Hamilton

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

A COMPARISON OF MEDIAN NERVE COMPRESSION SYMPTOMS BETWEEN FIRST-YEAR AND FOURTH-YEAR KINESIOLOGY STUDENTS R. Hamilton Department of Kinesiology. The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington Texas 76019 BACKGROUND The median nerve is one of three nerves that control the intrinsic muscles of the hand. The median nerve may become compressed within the carpal tunnel of the wrist, the most common manifestation being carpal tunnel syndrome. Causes of median nerve compression (MNC) or carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) include pathological and habitual factors. Repetition and vibration seem to be prominent work-related risk factors in the development of CTS, however, more research is …


The Effects Of Passive, Active, And Beta-Alanine Supplemented Recovery On Blood Lactate During Anaerobic Exercise, Tracey Hampshire Jan 2015

The Effects Of Passive, Active, And Beta-Alanine Supplemented Recovery On Blood Lactate During Anaerobic Exercise, Tracey Hampshire

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

INTRODUCTION: It is widely shown through experimentation and knowledge of human physiology that an active recovery following high-intensity exercise removes lactic acid (BLa) more quickly than passive recovery. Some research suggests that Beta-Alanine (BA) supplementation can decrease BLa levels following supramaximal exercise. PURPOSE: The purpose of this research was to assess whether passive, active, or Beta-Alanine supplemented recovery is more effective at lowering blood lactate accumulation following supramaximal anaerobic exercise. METHODS: Five male (M, 21.2 ±1.48 yrs, 178.25 ±6.36 cm, 85.59 ±10.30 kg) and three female subjects (F, 22 ±1.73 yrs, 164.23 ±1.50 cm, 70.9 ±12.56 kgs) at UTA volunteered …


Effects Of C4 On Maximum Testing During Bruce Protocol, Darshan Patel Jan 2015

Effects Of C4 On Maximum Testing During Bruce Protocol, Darshan Patel

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

INTRODUCTION: The Bruce Protocol is a commonly used test for determining maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max). The VO2maxvalue is a measure of an athlete’s aerobic endurance. VO2maxcan be reported in absolute terms (L/min) or it can be reported in relative terms (ml/kg/min). C4 is one of the most popular pre-workout supplements on the market. Research has showed that C4 can improve an athletes’ anaerobic power and endurance, but not much research has been done on how C4 can affect aerobic endurance. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects that C4 had on subjects during maximal exercise testing …


The Effects Of Zumba On Fitness Levels As Determined By The Ymca Submaximal Exercise Test, Victor Ngwanah Jan 2015

The Effects Of Zumba On Fitness Levels As Determined By The Ymca Submaximal Exercise Test, Victor Ngwanah

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

Introduction: Zumba is a dance fitness exercise with Latin rhythm including dance movements such as salsa, rumba, and merengue. Previous studies have shown that aerobic dance training programs do not necessarily produce the same aerobic adaptation responses in cardiorespiratory capacity as running, however exercise intensity can be assessed in different ways: blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), and Borg’s rate of perceived exertion (RPE) scale. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Zumba on fitness levels during YMCA graded exercises testing in a two week period Methods: Three women (W; age 40.0 + 4.16 yrs) and …


Effects Of Upper Body Exercise On Physiological Variables In Men And Women, Kreshun Neal Jan 2015

Effects Of Upper Body Exercise On Physiological Variables In Men And Women, Kreshun Neal

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

Introduction: Monitoring exercise intensity during an exercise bout is important to provide feedback. Monitoring heart rate, blood lactate, and rate of perceived exertion provide useful information that give feedback to the exerciser. Research has suggested that rate of perceived exertion is more of an appropriate measure of exercise intensity than individual physiological variables and that RPE can be correlated with other physiological measures such as heart rate and blood lactate. With the pain scale (VAS) research has shown that it tends to restrict the rating behavior into a linear regression whereas the RPE has an incremental curve because it is …


Effects Of Five-Hour Energy Supplement During Maximal Exercise Testing, Nancy Ofoegbu Jan 2015

Effects Of Five-Hour Energy Supplement During Maximal Exercise Testing, Nancy Ofoegbu

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

Six women (W; age 20.8 ±1.46 yrs.) of the UTA Kinesiology department, volunteered to participate in this study. Each subject was asked to consume either Five-Hour Energy or a control (Splenda mixed with water) and perform a maximal exercise test on the treadmill with increasing speed and elevation until exhaustion. The maximal exercise test was conducted as follows: A heart rate monitor was attached to the chest of the participant upon arrival to the lab. This was to allow measurement of heart rate. This signal was sent to a watch and the heart rate was read from there. The subject …


Predicting Wingate Power From Lung Volumes, Ashley Deam Jan 2015

Predicting Wingate Power From Lung Volumes, Ashley Deam

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

INTRODUCTION: Two different measurements, static lung volume and dynamic lung volume are used to report lung size, volume, and contractility. Spirometric Respiratory Tests are one way to measure these different lung values. Anaerobic Power is used for short bursts of high intensity power and is mainly measured using the Wingate Anaerobic Test (WAnT). The relationship between lung function and anaerobic power in healthy individuals is not completely understood. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine if lung volumes could be used to predict Wingate power. METHODS: Six women (W; age 24.7 ± 4.8 yrs.) and five men (M; …


A Comparison Of Continuous And Intermittent Exercise Effect On Excess Post-Exercise Oxygen Consumption (Epoc), Kelly Tran Jan 2015

A Comparison Of Continuous And Intermittent Exercise Effect On Excess Post-Exercise Oxygen Consumption (Epoc), Kelly Tran

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

INTRODUCTION: As individuals conduct exercise, the body’s oxygen consumption rate is elevated to provide the increase oxygen demanded by the working muscles. During recovery, oxygen consumption declines but remains elevated above pre-exercising resting levels. The length of time that oxygen consumption remains elevated is dependent on the intensity and duration of the exercise, as well as the fitness level of the individual. The oxygen that is consumed above resting levels during recovery is referred to as excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC). PURPOSE:The purpose of this study is to determine if there is a difference in excess post-exercise oxygen consumption between …


Impact Of Diminished Visual Feedback On Postural Control, Kripa Thomas Jan 2015

Impact Of Diminished Visual Feedback On Postural Control, Kripa Thomas

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

INTRODUCTION: Sensory systems are an integral key to efficient postural control. Out of all the sensory systems, visual has shown to be the most heavily relied on. With the progression of age there is a decline with not only this sensory system but also postural control. The vestibular sensory system contributes to equilibrium, balance, and spatial orientation. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate postural control when visual feedback was diminished in an unstable support surface. METHODS: Twelve women (age 75 +10.0 yrs), of the Center of Healthy Living and Longevity, volunteered to participate in this study. Each …


Comparison Of Treatments For Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (Doms), Kathleen Palladino, Sabrina Garcia, Sandeep Moses, Luis Anaya Jan 2015

Comparison Of Treatments For Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (Doms), Kathleen Palladino, Sabrina Garcia, Sandeep Moses, Luis Anaya

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

Delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) is related to pain that follows an unfamiliar eccentric exercise that causes damage to the skeletal muscle (Hilbert, et al. 2003). The pain typically appears within the first 24 hours and starts to peak between 48-72 hours post exercise. Symptoms include the feeling of stiffness, pain, and inflammation. Some common forms of treatment for DOMS are ice packs, hot packs, and topical analgesics.


Endurance Performance After Caffeine Pill Ingestion, Sanaz Dokan, Morgann Robinson, Hang Dinh, Lenia Rodriguez, Jeanette Lopez Jan 2015

Endurance Performance After Caffeine Pill Ingestion, Sanaz Dokan, Morgann Robinson, Hang Dinh, Lenia Rodriguez, Jeanette Lopez

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

Endurance is the capacity one can last during exercise and the time it takes to reach fatigue to a certain point. Caffeine is a mild stimulant drug providing many people with energy and/or alertness; it also stimulates the nervous muscles. Placebo is an experimental alternative to caffeine that was used. The study conducted compared caffeine pills to placebo pills (calcium) versus their VO2 levels, these results were achieved using a Balke treadmill endurance test. The purpose of this research is to examine If caffeine pills help increase endurance levels. 17 subjects participated in the graded exercise test until fatigue was …


Effects Of Caffeine On Anaerobic Performance, Babak Mouri Jan 2015

Effects Of Caffeine On Anaerobic Performance, Babak Mouri

Kinesiology Student Research - Archive

INTRODUCTION: Anaerobic performance refers to high intensity, short duration exercise performance focusing on speed and power. These are short duration exercises with a high intensity, lasting from three seconds to a maximum of two minutes. The predominate systems within the body working during these performances are the adenosine triphosphate and phosphocreatine (ATP-PC) systems which utilizes stores in the muscle and anaerobic glycolysis which generates ATP and leads to the metabolic byproduct, lactic acid. Caffeine is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant. This drug increases the metabolism of fatty acids, and in turn spares muscle glycogen to enhance performance. Glycogen is …