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Articles 31 - 60 of 258
Full-Text Articles in Kinesiology
The Effect Time Of Day Has On Maximal Exercise, Maurice Isuo, Aliceson Edwards
The Effect Time Of Day Has On Maximal Exercise, Maurice Isuo, Aliceson Edwards
Kinesiology Student Research - Archive
INTRODUCTION: The circadian rhythm, also known as sleep/wake cycle, is a cycle that is constantly running as long as you are alive. The circadian rhythm is on a 24-hour clock that cycles between sleepiness and alertness at regular intervals. The circadian rhythms will affect physiological variables such as heart rate, oxygen consumption and blood pressure which can have a large impact on exercise performance. The Bruce Protocol is a treadmill test used to measure maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max). PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the VO2max, Rate of Perceived Exertion (RPE), Time of exercise (min: sec), and …
The Short Term Effects Of L-Arginine On Blood Lactate Levels And Performance During Submaximal Exercise, Evelyn Wong, Victoria Carter
The Short Term Effects Of L-Arginine On Blood Lactate Levels And Performance During Submaximal Exercise, Evelyn Wong, Victoria Carter
Kinesiology Student Research - Archive
INTRODUCTION: L-arginine is a non-essential amino acid that is precursor to synthesizing Nitric Oxide (NO). It is responsible for regulating blood pressure and improving exercise efficiency and tolerance, along with improvement in vasodilation. Thus it optimizes blood flow. Increased blood flow to active muscles increases substrate utilization to improve muscle recovery and protein synthesis during and after exercise. This allows for greater removal of metabolites lactate and ammonia that are related to muscle fatigue which inhibit exercise performance. Studies have shown that L-arginine supplementation has been a beneficial treatment for individuals that have hypertension, chronic heart failure, type 2 diabetes, …
The Effect Oral Quercetin Supplementation Has On The Capacity Of Exercise, Aliaa Bekhit, Selin Sosa
The Effect Oral Quercetin Supplementation Has On The Capacity Of Exercise, Aliaa Bekhit, Selin Sosa
Kinesiology Student Research - Archive
INTRODUCTION: Maximal oxygen consumption (VO2 max) is a measure of the body’s total oxygen utilization capacity, or in simpler terms, the capacity for exercise, more specifically oxygen demanding aerobic exercises such as running or cycling since these rely on aerobic rather than anaerobic energy resources. Current research suggests that the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, flavonoid substance quercetin primarily found in food plants, may be responsible for enhanced exercise capacity as measured by VO2 max. Existing studies test this relationship by administering quercetin supplements to individuals over a short period time and then comparing their pre and post-supplement VO2 max values. PURPOSE: The …
Seated Exercise Compared To Standing Exercise In Improving Strength And Endurance In Community-Dwelling Seniors., Karly Zelaska
Seated Exercise Compared To Standing Exercise In Improving Strength And Endurance In Community-Dwelling Seniors., Karly Zelaska
Kinesiology Student Research - Archive
INTRODUCTION: Wellness and preventive exercise programs are being introduced and becoming more prevalent in senior-living communities. These programs are put in place to reduce the recurring costs of hospitalizations and medical services, as well as to maintain or improve independence in these populations. Oftentimes, chair-based exercises are used to perform resistance training because of the ease, simplicity, and safety that they provide to these senior residents. Many studies have explored the effects that a variety of aerobic and strengthening programs have on improving balance and reducing fall risk in seniors, what remains unanswered is whether doing seated or standing exercises …
The Ergogenic Effects Of Caffeine On Submaximal Exercise, Matthew Kellner, Angel Gallardo
The Ergogenic Effects Of Caffeine On Submaximal Exercise, Matthew Kellner, Angel Gallardo
Kinesiology Student Research - Archive
INTRODUCTION: Caffeine is a very abundant substance in society and is commonly found in coffee, tea, soft drinks, pre-workout drinks, and many others. This substance is a central nervous system stimulator which was found to improve wakefulness, thought processes, focus, and coordination. This has been used both medically and in the general public for these desirable psychological and physiological effects. Caffeine is one of the most popular substances when it comes to athletic performance enhancement and has been used for many years. The effects of caffeine on the human body has been studied thoroughly and shows that it does has …
The Effect Of Caffeine On Anaerobic Power, Berenice Villegas
The Effect Of Caffeine On Anaerobic Power, Berenice Villegas
Kinesiology Student Research - Archive
INTRODUCTION: Caffeine is a stimulant used by athletes to help enhance performance. Caffeine has shown to benefit endurance performance in high intensity or power sports. It has been recommended to consume about 200-400 mg of caffeine 20-30 minutes before a workout. Caffeine increases alertness and decreases fatigue due to blockage of adenosine in the brain. During exercise, caffeine consumption causes the body to mobilize fat stores before using glycogen supply. Doing so helps prolong exercise by sparing stored glycogen for later. Caffeine is a drug that causes tolerance to develop quickly and can become more of a maintenance drug for …
Effects Of L-Leucine Supplementation During 6-Week Weight Training Program, Brianna R. Williams
Effects Of L-Leucine Supplementation During 6-Week Weight Training Program, Brianna R. Williams
Kinesiology Student Research - Archive
The potential of leucine to stimulate primarily protein synthesis provides the basis and justification to ingest leucine during resistance exercise training in order to enhance muscle growth and ultimately improve strength and personal performance. An increase in muscle size is generally accompanied by an increase in strength. Strength gains may lead to improved performance in athletic disciplines and everyday life.
The Relationship Between Body Composition And Fitness Parameters, Rachel Agostino
The Relationship Between Body Composition And Fitness Parameters, Rachel Agostino
Kinesiology Student Research - Archive
INTRODUCTION: Body composition details the materials that make up the human body. Fat mass primarily functions as insulation and energy storage, but can be detrimental to physical performance when present in excess. Fat-free mass contains muscles and the remainder of substances within the body. Maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) is the maximum capacity of the body to transport and utilize oxygen during incremental exercise to maximal levels. VO2max correlates with fat-free mass. Power and work can be used to measure the anaerobic system. The amount of muscle mass correlates with the power and work that is produced. PURPOSE: The purpose of …
The Relationship Of Maximal Aerobic Capacity And Body Fat Percentage In Athletes And Non-Athletes, Sandra Mendoza, Rj Williams
The Relationship Of Maximal Aerobic Capacity And Body Fat Percentage In Athletes And Non-Athletes, Sandra Mendoza, Rj Williams
Kinesiology Student Research - Archive
INTRODUCTION: Maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) is the maximum capacity of the body to transport and utilize oxygen during incremental exercise. The relative units are expressed as milliliters of oxygen per kilogram of body weight per minute (ml/kg/min) and the absolute rate is liters of oxygen per minute (L/min). Body Fat percentage is the total mass of fat divided by the total body mass, and multiplied by 100%. It is expressed as a percent value. Research shows that athletes tend to have a lower body fat percentage and a higher VO 2maxas compared to non athletes. PURPOSE: The purpose of this …
The Relationship Between Body Composition And Blood Pressure In College Age Students, Arely Ortiz, Fabiana Villari
The Relationship Between Body Composition And Blood Pressure In College Age Students, Arely Ortiz, Fabiana Villari
Kinesiology Student Research - Archive
INTRODUCTION: Body composition is divided into two components: fat-free mass and fat mass. Fat-free mass includes organs, muscles, bones, blood, and skin which is chemically broken down into water, protein, and bone mineral. Whereas, fat mass would be considered essential or stored fat. A common way to measure body composition is to determine percent of body fat or body mass index (BMI). Many studies suggest that BMI is associated with blood pressure. Unlike measuring percent body fat, BMI does not consider fat-free mass and instead uses the ratio of total body weight to height. Considering fat-free mass when associated to …
The Effect Of A 12-Hour Fast On Maximal Aerobic Performance, Colby Boyko, Madison Helt
The Effect Of A 12-Hour Fast On Maximal Aerobic Performance, Colby Boyko, Madison Helt
Kinesiology Student Research - Archive
Maximum aerobic capacity (VO2max) is an indicator of physical fitness and a measurement of an individual’s ability to transport and utilize oxygen. It is measured in absolute terms in (L/min) and can be normalized with weight in (ml/kg/min). Often times food may not be considered a contributing factor to an individuals VO2max, however, ones diet could have a direct effect on their ability to perform incremental exercise to max. Research suggests fasting may have detrimental effects on individual’s ability to exercise, resulting in a lower VO2max and a quicker time to fatigue.
Effect Of Creatine Supplementation On Anaerobic Power As Determined By Wingate Cycle Ergometer Testing In Men, Sarah Ballinger
Effect Of Creatine Supplementation On Anaerobic Power As Determined By Wingate Cycle Ergometer Testing In Men, Sarah Ballinger
Kinesiology Student Research - Archive
INTRODUCTION: Creatine monohydrate is widely available and regularly used by amateur and elite athletes in order to better anaerobic performance. Oral supplementation of Creatine can increase skeletal muscle stores by as much as 20%, especially in those that do not regularly consume meat and fish because although Creatine is produced endogenously by the liver, the body also relies on exogenous sources. Phosphocreatine stores are considered a limiting factor for short duration, high intensity exercise. Augmenting available stores has been shown to decrease the rate of fatigue and increase energy availability to power muscular contraction force for longer durations and aid …
Effects Of Sleep On Maximal Exercise, Jose Rios
Effects Of Sleep On Maximal Exercise, Jose Rios
Kinesiology Student Research - Archive
INTRODUCTION: Sleep is a function of the body that is essential for proper recovery physically and mentally. Necessary for tissue repair and growth, muscle relaxation and healthy balance of hormones. The average time of sleep for the body to function properly is approximately seven to eight hours a night. Sleep deficiency is common among adults and it can cause chronic health problems such as high blood pressure, heart disease, diabetes, stroke, and kidney disease. Research shows that sleep has no effect on maximal exercise. Maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) is the maximum capacity of the body to transport and utilize oxygen …
The Effects Of Dynamic And Static Stretching On Anaerobic Power And Capacity, Toan T. Nguyen
The Effects Of Dynamic And Static Stretching On Anaerobic Power And Capacity, Toan T. Nguyen
Kinesiology Student Research - Archive
INTRODUCTION: There are various ways to warm up and many studies suggest that different forms of warm-ups and stretches can positively or negatively affect athletic performance. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine if dynamic and static stretching would have an effect on anaerobic performance as measured through the vertical jump, broad jump, and Wingate Anaerobic Test (WAnT). METHODS: Participants came in on 3 nonconsecutive days. The first visit consisted of a pre-screening to determine the participants’ age, weight, and activity level. Once completed, the participants performed the experimental procedure without any form of stretching. Three trials of …
The Effects Of Exercise Intensity On Short-Term Memory, Karina Puentes, Joselynn Rivas
The Effects Of Exercise Intensity On Short-Term Memory, Karina Puentes, Joselynn Rivas
Kinesiology Student Research - Archive
The ability to recall information from the past is what is known as memory. There are two types of memory: short-term memory and long-term. Short-term is responsible for small temporary memory that can allocate past information within minutes and seconds. Long-term memory that is responsible to store large information for an extended period of time for months and years. Evidence shows that with increase exercise there is an improvement in memory retention/ cognitive function over time (Coles, 2008). People, more specifically college students, utilize their memory every single day, for example to recall an important note that the professor covered. …
The Physiological Effects Of Advocare Spark Energy On Submaximal Aerobic Exercise, Tommy Tran, Dagoberto Pozos
The Physiological Effects Of Advocare Spark Energy On Submaximal Aerobic Exercise, Tommy Tran, Dagoberto Pozos
Kinesiology Student Research - Archive
INTRODUCTION: AdvoCare-Spark energy is a multi-nutrient supplement that incorporates ergogenic aids such as creatine and caffeine. The referred ergogenic aids are substances that enhance performance, and is one of the most studied research areas in athletic performance. Many supplements contain nutrients including water-soluble vitamins, metabolic by-products of nutrients, plant extracts, substances found in food (vitamin B6, creatine, caffeine) and are found in high amounts naturally in foods. Studies have shown that ingestion of caffeine pre-exercise can enhance endurance performance by decreasing the rate of perceived exertion. The combination of caffeine . and taurine in Advocare-Spark energy are both stimulants that …
Queen's College Step Test And Its Validity Of Vo(2max) Prediction On Young Healthy Females, Aaron Newland, Kevin Nguyen
Queen's College Step Test And Its Validity Of Vo(2max) Prediction On Young Healthy Females, Aaron Newland, Kevin Nguyen
Kinesiology Student Research - Archive
INTRODUCTION: The Queen's college step test (QCT) is a submaximal exercise test that is used to measure cardiorespiratory fitness. The test consists of 3 minutes of stepping up and down on a 15-inch step at a set rate of 22 steps/min. This test can also be used to estimate maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max). VO2max is an internationally accepted reference standard for assessing cardiorespiratory fitness (Shepard 1968). A lower maximal oxygen capacity is a strong predictor of cardiovascular disease. Despite claims that the QCT is a valid measure of VO2max, its validity in young healthy women has been contested (Chatterjee 2003). …
Effects Of Glucose Supplementation And Submaximal Exercise On Short-Term Memory Recall, Insaf Abughoush, Jane Cloud
Effects Of Glucose Supplementation And Submaximal Exercise On Short-Term Memory Recall, Insaf Abughoush, Jane Cloud
Kinesiology Student Research - Archive
INTRODUCTION: Short-term memory recall is the ability to hold a limited amount of information easily accessible by the brain. Research has shown the positive trends of increased memory through aerobic exercise and regular blood glucose levels in separate studies. Reasons for increased memory from exercise and glucose include building stronger synapses which allows for increased communication between the hippocampus and cortical brain regions and glucose is the primary energy source of the brain. PURPOSE: The purpose of this research study was to find how glucose supplementation and submaximal exercise affects short-term memory recall. METHODS: Five female college students (age 21.75 …
The Effects Of Dietary Nitrate On Oxygen Consumption In College Aged Males, Simi Tometi, Jean Plaisimon
The Effects Of Dietary Nitrate On Oxygen Consumption In College Aged Males, Simi Tometi, Jean Plaisimon
Kinesiology Student Research - Archive
INTRODUCTION: Nitrate (NO3-) is an inorganic polyatomic ion readily available in foods such as lettuce, celery, spinach, and beetroot. Once ingested nitrate is ultimately converted into nitric oxide (NO) by several metabolic pathways. NO is a well-known vasodilator which has been shown to improve exercise performance. Therefore, several researchers have studied the effects of dietary nitrate on exercise performance. Additionally, dietary nitrate supplementation has exhibited the ability to reduce the body's oxygen demand during submaximal work. The Bruce protocol is an incremental maximal exercise test used to determine oxygen consumption. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the …
Mobile Ecological Momentary Diet Assessment Methods For Behavioral Research: Systematic Review, Susan M. Schembre, Yue Liao, Sydney G. O’Connor, Melanie D. Hingle, Shu-En Shen, Katarina G. Hamoy, Jimi Huh, Genevieve F. Dunton, Rick Weiss, Cynthia A. Thomson, Carol J. Boushey
Mobile Ecological Momentary Diet Assessment Methods For Behavioral Research: Systematic Review, Susan M. Schembre, Yue Liao, Sydney G. O’Connor, Melanie D. Hingle, Shu-En Shen, Katarina G. Hamoy, Jimi Huh, Genevieve F. Dunton, Rick Weiss, Cynthia A. Thomson, Carol J. Boushey
Kinesiology Faculty Publications & Presentations - Archive
Background: New methods for assessing diet in research are being developed to address the limitations of traditional dietary assessment methods. Mobile device–assisted ecological momentary diet assessment (mEMDA) is a new dietary assessment method that has not yet been optimized and has the potential to minimize recall biases and participant burden while maximizing ecological validity. There have been limited efforts to characterize the use of mEMDA in behavioral research settings. Objective: The aims of this study were to summarize mEMDA protocols used in research to date, to characterize key aspects of these assessment approaches, and to discuss the advantages and disadvantages …
Acceptability Of Continuous Glucose Monitoring In Free-Living Healthy Individuals: Implications For The Use Of Wearable Biosensors In Diet And Physical Activity Research, Yue Liao, Susan Schembre
Acceptability Of Continuous Glucose Monitoring In Free-Living Healthy Individuals: Implications For The Use Of Wearable Biosensors In Diet And Physical Activity Research, Yue Liao, Susan Schembre
Kinesiology Faculty Publications & Presentations - Archive
Background: Wearable sensors have been increasingly used in behavioral research for real-time assessment and intervention purposes. The rapid advancement of biomedical technology typically used in clinical settings has made wearable sensors more accessible to a wider population. Yet the acceptability of this technology for nonclinical purposes has not been examined. Objective: The aim was to assess the acceptability of wearing a continuous glucose monitor (CGM) device among a sample of nondiabetic individuals, and to compare the acceptability of a CGM between a mobile diet tracking app (MyFitnessPal) and an accelerometer. Methods: A total of 30 nondiabetic adults went through a …
Short-Term Intermittent Parathyroid Hormone 1-34 Administration And Bone Vascular Alterations In C57bl/6 Mice, Seungyong Lee
Short-Term Intermittent Parathyroid Hormone 1-34 Administration And Bone Vascular Alterations In C57bl/6 Mice, Seungyong Lee
Kinesiology Dissertations - Archive
Advancing age is associated with progressive bone loss, declines in vasodilator capacity of blood vessels, vascular rarefaction and bone marrow blood vessel ossification. Intermittent parathyroid hormone (PTH) administration augments bone volume and is an anabolic agent used to treat osteoporosis in a duration-dependent manner. In animal research, at least 15 days of intermittent PTH administration is required to achieve bone accrual. However, physiological stimuli such as intermittent PTH administration effects the bone vascular system more rapidly; i.e., changes in the bone vascular system precede alterations in bone. Intermittent PTH administration also increases vasodilator capacity of bone blood vessels; however, data …
Racial Disparity In Cardiovascular Disease And Oxidative Stress In African American Women, Auburn L. Johnson
Racial Disparity In Cardiovascular Disease And Oxidative Stress In African American Women, Auburn L. Johnson
Kinesiology Theses - Archive
Several studies have demonstrated that African Americans (AA) exhibit elevations in systemic oxidative stress compared to Caucasian Americans (CA). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) have been identified as one of the primary contributors to systemic reactive oxygen species (i.e. oxidative stress) via the NADPH enzyme pathway and may be an underlying mechanism for the development of hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. Previous work demonstrates that young healthy AA men have elevated PBMC-derived superoxide production when compared to CA men. However, whether PBMC-derived superoxide production is also elevated in young healthy AA women remains unknown. Accordingly, this study investigated PBMC-derived superoxide production …
The Effect Of Midsole Cushioning On The Kinetics, Kinematics, And Control Of Running, Brian Joseph Prejean
The Effect Of Midsole Cushioning On The Kinetics, Kinematics, And Control Of Running, Brian Joseph Prejean
Kinesiology Dissertations - Archive
The incidence of musculoskeletal injuries associated with the stress of running, known as running-related injuries (RRIs), has risen in conjunction with the resurgence of running as a health-related physical activity approximately half a century ago, with some reports giving an annual prevalence as high as 79% of practitioners surveyed. Running shoes with increased amounts of midsole cushioning have been promoted to reduce the risk of sustaining RRIs by absorbing some of the high magnitude and frequency ground reaction forces (GRFs) imposed on the leg with every stride. However, individual variability, as well as the ability of the motor system to …
Racial Disparities In Vascular Function:The Role Of Oxidative Stress, Jordan C. Patik
Racial Disparities In Vascular Function:The Role Of Oxidative Stress, Jordan C. Patik
Kinesiology Dissertations - Archive
Hypertension disproportionately affects the black population, contributing to a greater impact of cardiovascular disease in these individuals. While multiple factors underlie the development of hypertension in this population, impaired vascular function is routinely observed in this population beginning at a young age and is a likely an early contributor to the development of high blood pressure. However, the origins of this impairment have not been elucidated. Therefore, the current set of studies aimed to determine the extent to which oxidative stress plays a role in blunted vascular function in the black population. Studies 1 and 2 (Chapters 2 and 3) …
Skeletal Muscle Oxidative Capacity In The Elderly, Susie Chung
Skeletal Muscle Oxidative Capacity In The Elderly, Susie Chung
Kinesiology Theses - Archive
Age is the greatest risk factor for chronic disease and is associated with a marked decline in functional capacity and quality of life, with loss of skeletal muscle function regarded as a key contributing factor. While the exact mechanism(s) for the loss of skeletal muscle function remains incompletely understood, age-related mitochondrial dysfunction is thought to play a major role. To explore this question further, we studied 15 independently-living seniors (age: 72 ± 5 yrs; m/f: 4/11; BMI: 27.6 ± 5.9) and 17 young volunteers (age: 25 ± 4 years; m/f: 8/9; BMI: 24.0 ± 3.3). Skeletal muscle oxidative function was …
The Effect Of Acute High Phosphate Intake On Muscle Metaboreflex Activation And Vascular Function, Brandi Yong Stephens
The Effect Of Acute High Phosphate Intake On Muscle Metaboreflex Activation And Vascular Function, Brandi Yong Stephens
Kinesiology Theses - Archive
Emerging evidence suggests that long term high consumption of inorganic phosphate (Pi) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Importantly, with the growing abundance of processed foods, dietary intake of Pi in the United States has doubled the daily-recommended allowance. Recently, Mizuno et al. demonstrated that chronic high dietary Pi consumption results in significantly exaggerated increases in mean arterial pressure (MAP) in response to exercise and muscle metaboreflex activation in rodents. Whether acute high Pi influences MAP responses in humans remains unknown. Notably, acute high Pi consumption has been shown to impair vascular function in healthy men, but …
Is There A Difference In Acute Memory Retention Between Maximal Treadmill Exercise And Maximal Ergometer Exercise?, Elizabeth Jumbo
Is There A Difference In Acute Memory Retention Between Maximal Treadmill Exercise And Maximal Ergometer Exercise?, Elizabeth Jumbo
Kinesiology Student Research - Archive
INTRODUCTION: Physical activity can have positive effects on the proper functioning of the brain. A single bout of exercise may stimulate plasticity within the cortex, a portion of the brain with a unique applicability to reconstruct memory. There are a couple key components of the physiological effects of exercise on the brain that may control the improvements in memory. During a single bout of exercise, heart rate and stroke volume increase to pump more oxygenated blood throughout the body. Elevated cardiac output results in increased cerebral blood flow, which stimulates elevated electrical activity within the brain. A rise in frequencies …
The Effects Of Music On A Submaximal Exercise Performance, Ashley Gonzales, Sabrina Garcia
The Effects Of Music On A Submaximal Exercise Performance, Ashley Gonzales, Sabrina Garcia
Kinesiology Student Research - Archive
INTRODUCTION: Individuals who work out several times a week often use music as a motivation or a distraction. However, will listening to music actually help the individual workout harder and longer or is it just a distraction affecting the intensity of the exercise. It has been suggested that music is more beneficial for longer distances and improves performance by “distracting” the individual who is exercising. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of music on a 30-minute submaximal exercise test on the cycle ergometer. METHODS: Five males (age 21.4 ±1.62 yrs) of the UTA Kinesiology department, …
The Effects Of Body Weight Assistance On Maximal Aerobic Capacity In College Age Women, Sabino Rojas, Max Tosaw
The Effects Of Body Weight Assistance On Maximal Aerobic Capacity In College Age Women, Sabino Rojas, Max Tosaw
Kinesiology Student Research - Archive
Maximal oxygen consumption, or VO2max is the maximal capacity for the body to deliver and utilize oxygen during an intense exercise. VO2max can be expressed as an absolute value in liters of oxygen per minute (L/min) or in a relative value as milliliters of oxygen per kilogram of body weight per minute (ml/kg/min). Body weight assistance (BWA) is often used within the rehabilitation setting as a reliable resource to provide patients the ability to perform a walking motion at a reduced body weight. The AlterG Anti-Gravity Treadmill utilizes the Differential Air Pressure technology to alleviate the individual’s weight. Research has …