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Articles 1 - 18 of 18
Full-Text Articles in Kinesiology
Microvascular Function In Metabolically Healthy Groups Differing In Bmi And Waist Circumference, Nathan R. Earl
Microvascular Function In Metabolically Healthy Groups Differing In Bmi And Waist Circumference, Nathan R. Earl
Theses and Dissertations
BACKGROUND: Microvascular dysfunction (MD: impaired performance of blood flow, tissue perfusion, blood pressure, etc.) is one of the earliest stages in the progression of various chronic diseases. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine if a difference in microvascular function existed between two metabolically healthy groups that differed in BMI and waist circumference. DESIGN: This study employed a causal comparative design, with two groups: I) normal weight (n =14, BMI 28 kg/m2). METHODS: Microvascular function was assessed by measuring skin blood flow (SkBF) using laser Doppler flowmetry during postocclusive reactive hyperemia (PORH). The area under the SkBF time …
The Effects Of Worksite Health Promotion Programs On Employee Biometric Data, Jamie M. Pratt
The Effects Of Worksite Health Promotion Programs On Employee Biometric Data, Jamie M. Pratt
Theses and Dissertations
INTRODUCTION: Worksite health promotion programs (WHPP) promote maintenance and changes of health-related behaviors of employees. Some companies opt to contract with a third party provider to implement a WHPP. PURPOSE: This study evaluated the participation rates, availability and use of health coaching, and changes in biometric data over a 2-year time period of employees in 13 companies for whom the WHPP was implemented by Wellness Corporate Solutions (WCS). METHODS: We had 2 years of biometric, health risk appraisal (HRA), or health coaching data on 4,473 employees. The statistical analysis included biometric screening data (percent body fat, body mass index (BMI), …
A Randomized Controlled Trial To Study The Effects Of Breakfast On Energy Intake, Physical Activity, And Body Fat In Women, Gabrielle Marie Lecheminant
A Randomized Controlled Trial To Study The Effects Of Breakfast On Energy Intake, Physical Activity, And Body Fat In Women, Gabrielle Marie Lecheminant
Theses and Dissertations
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of eating breakfast on energy intake, physical activity, body weight, and body fat in women who were nonhabitual breakfast eaters over a one-month period. METHODS: We tested 49 premenopausal, nonhabitual breakfast-eating women to compare the effects of eating breakfast versus not eating breakfast. Each participant was randomized to one of two conditions: breakfast or no breakfast. Breakfast eaters were required to eat within an hour and a half of awakening and had to be finished eating their breakfast meal by 8:30 A.M. Non-breakfast eaters were defined as not consuming …
Ground Forces Impact On Release Of Rotational Shot Put Technique, Niklas B. Arrhenius
Ground Forces Impact On Release Of Rotational Shot Put Technique, Niklas B. Arrhenius
Theses and Dissertations
In the shot put throw, the primary power is generated in the form of ground reaction forces as a result of action of the lower extremities (Coh, Stuhec, & Supej, 2008). The purpose of this study was to determine how the ground reaction force and ground contact time during the delivery phase of rotational shot put relates to the predicted distance of the throw. This will allow us to determine the optimal approach of force application for maximum throwing distance (Linthorne, 2001). Eight male subjects were used in this study (age 23 ± 4 y; body mass 123 ± 14 …
Instrumented Figure Skating Blade For Measuring On-Ice Skating Forces, S A. Acuña, D M. Smith, J M. Robinson, J C. Hawks, P Starbuck, D L. King, Sarah T. Ridge, Steven Knight Charles
Instrumented Figure Skating Blade For Measuring On-Ice Skating Forces, S A. Acuña, D M. Smith, J M. Robinson, J C. Hawks, P Starbuck, D L. King, Sarah T. Ridge, Steven Knight Charles
Faculty Publications
Competitive figure skaters experience substantial, repeated impact loading during jumps and landings. Although these loads, which are thought to be as high as six times body weight, can lead to overuse injuries, it is not currently possible to measure these forces on-ice. Consequently, efforts to improve safety for skaters are significantly limited. Here we present the development of an instrumented figure skating blade for measuring forces on-ice. The measurement system consists of strain gauges attached to the blade, Wheatstone bridge circuit boards, and a data acquisition device. The system is capable of measuring forces in the vertical and horizontal directions …
Unilateral Traditional Weight Lifting Generates Greatest Acute Upper Body Power Output, Evan H. Nakachi
Unilateral Traditional Weight Lifting Generates Greatest Acute Upper Body Power Output, Evan H. Nakachi
Theses and Dissertations
Bilateral deficit (BLD) is a phenomenon where the force generated from simultaneous bilateral limb contractions is less than the sum force generated by separate right and left limb contractions. There have been many BLD studies, but the measures of force generation have predominantly been with isometric and isokinetic contractions. There are, however, no dynamic upper body isotonic unilateral weight lifting studies on acute power output. The purpose of this study was to determine acute power output between bilateral and unilateral weight lifting under the conditions of traditional and circuit weight lifting. Seventeen male BYU rugby players (age = 21.8 ± …
Downhill Treadmill Running Does Not Induce Muscle Damage In Fvb Mice, Brenda Benson
Downhill Treadmill Running Does Not Induce Muscle Damage In Fvb Mice, Brenda Benson
Theses and Dissertations
Downhill treadmill running is a commonly used method to cause exercise-induced muscle damage, especially in rodents. Previous studies have evaluated which muscles in rats are more prone to damage. However research using downhill run mice (DHR) has shown some inconsistencies in which muscle is best analyzed for damage. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to quantify the damage in various muscles in a mouse after a single bout of DHR. Methods: Male FVB mice (5 months) were injected with Evans Blue dye (EBD) and then either used as control (CON) or run downhill (-16°) at 20 meters per minute …
Neural Reactivity To Visual Food Stimuli In The Morning And Evening: An Fmri Study In Women, Travis Daniel Masterson
Neural Reactivity To Visual Food Stimuli In The Morning And Evening: An Fmri Study In Women, Travis Daniel Masterson
Theses and Dissertations
Background: Visual food stimuli have been shown to influence desire to eat and may influence overall energy intake. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence, if any, that time of day has on the neural response to visual food stimuli, as measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Methods: Using a crossover design, 15 healthy women were scanned using fMRI while presented with low- and high-energy pictures of food, once in the morning (6:30–8:30 am) and once in the evening (5:00–7:00 pm). Diets were identical on both days of the fMRI scans and were verified using weighed …
The Effect Of Chronic Mild To Moderate Neck Pain On Neck Function As Measured By Joint Reposition Error And Tactile Acuity Of The Cervical Dermatomes, Kelly Martell Cheever
The Effect Of Chronic Mild To Moderate Neck Pain On Neck Function As Measured By Joint Reposition Error And Tactile Acuity Of The Cervical Dermatomes, Kelly Martell Cheever
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to observe the joint reposition error and tactile acuity of patients with chronic mild to moderate neck pain and compare those values to healthy controls to further investigate the effect of neck pain on neck function and the need for sensorimotor training in patients with chronic neck pain. In spite of some inconsistencies in the literature and methodology, both the two-point discrimination test and the joint reposition error test can give clinicians valuable, inexpensive and quick objective data that can be used in the diagnostic portion of an examination as well as in designing …
Validity Of Posturescreen Mobile® In The Measurement Of Standing Posture, Breanna Cristine Berry Hopkins
Validity Of Posturescreen Mobile® In The Measurement Of Standing Posture, Breanna Cristine Berry Hopkins
Theses and Dissertations
Background: PostureScreen Mobile® is an app created to quickly screen posture using front and side-view photographs. There is currently a lack of evidence that establishes PostureScreen Mobile® (PSM) as a valid measure of posture. Therefore, the purpose of this preliminary study was to document the validity and reliability of PostureScreen Mobile® in assessing static standing posture. Methods: This study was an experimental trial in which the posture of 50 male participants was assessed a total of six times using two different methods: PostureScreen Mobile® and Vicon 3D motion analysis system (VIC). Postural deviations, as measured during six trials of PSM …
The Acute Effects Of Patterned Electrical Neuromuscular Stimulation On Quadriceps Torque Production And Motor Unit Recruitment, John A. Derington
The Acute Effects Of Patterned Electrical Neuromuscular Stimulation On Quadriceps Torque Production And Motor Unit Recruitment, John A. Derington
Theses and Dissertations
Electric muscle stimulation (EMS) has been widely used in the rehabilitation of musculoskeletal injuries. Patterned electrical neuromuscular stimulation (PENS), a specific form of EMS, has been developed to better educate muscles to contract properly. The physiological efficacy of PENS has not been quantifiably identified. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to determine the acute effect of one PENS training session (3 sets of 10 1-sec repetitions) on maximal isometric knee extensor (MVIC) torque production and surface EMG (sEMG) in healthy nonathlete college students. DESIGN: A randomized repeated-measures design was used in this study. METHODS: Twenty-two male college students participated …
The Effect Of Egoscue Corrective Exercises On Chronic Knee And Hip Pain, Zachary Vehrs
The Effect Of Egoscue Corrective Exercises On Chronic Knee And Hip Pain, Zachary Vehrs
Theses and Dissertations
INTRODUCTION: While strengthening and aerobic exercise have been shown to decrease chronic knee and hip pain, little is known about the effectiveness of Egoscue corrective exercises, which are intended to reduce musculoskeletal pain by bringing the body into postural alignment. PURPOSE: An experimental study to determine the acute effect following one treatment and the short-term effect after a 2 week program of Egoscue corrective exercises on knee pain, hip pain, and whole-body postural alignment. METHODS: Forty participants with chronic knee and/or hip pain (defined as pain on most days of the week for at least the previous 12 weeks) were …
Effects Of Tens On Voluntary Quadriceps Activation And Vertical Ground Reaction Force During Walking In Subjects With Experimental Knee Pain, Seong Jun Son
Theses and Dissertations
Context: Knee pain is a common symptom in knee pathology and is associated with alterations in quadriceps activation and movement patterns. Reducing pain through intervention may help reestablish neuromuscular function. The independent effects of knee pain are difficult to examine and unclear. Objective: To investigate the effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) on quadriceps activation and vertical ground reaction force (VGRF) during walking. Design: Crossover. Setting: Laboratory. Subjects: 15 in the TENS group (10M and 5F, 23.5 ± 2.8 yrs, 70.5 ± 12.5 kg, 178.1 ± 7.4 cm), and 15 in the sham group (10M and 5F, 22.5 ± …
The Influence Of Ambulation Speed And Corresponding Mechanical Variables On Articular Cartilage Metabolism, W. Matt Denning
The Influence Of Ambulation Speed And Corresponding Mechanical Variables On Articular Cartilage Metabolism, W. Matt Denning
Theses and Dissertations
During ambulation, lower-extremity joint angles and net moments influence knee joint load. It is unclear which mechanical variables most strongly correlate with acute articular cartilage (AC) catabolism in response to ambulation. Purpose: To determine which mechanical variables are most strongly correlated to acute AC catabolism, and to test the acute effect of ambulation speed on AC catabolism, while controlling for load frequency. Methods: 18 able-bodied subjects (9 male, 9 female; age = 23 ± 2 y; mass = 68.3 ± 9.6 kg; height = 1.70 ± 0.08 m) completed three separate ambulation sessions: slow (preferred walking speed), medium (+50% of …
Achilles Tendon Changes In Downhill, Level And Uphill Running, Katy Andrews Neves
Achilles Tendon Changes In Downhill, Level And Uphill Running, Katy Andrews Neves
Theses and Dissertations
In this study, we examined how hill running affects the Achilles tendon, which is a common location for injuries in runners. Twenty females ran for 10 min on three randomly selected grades (-6%, 0%, +6%). Achilles tendon (AT) cross-sectional area (CSA) was imaged using Doppler ultrasound and peak vertical forces were analyzed using high-speed (240 Hz) videography. A metabolic cart and gas analyzer ensured a similar metabolic cost across grades. Data were analyzed using a forward selection regression. Results showed a decrease in AT CSA from pre-run to post-run (p = .0001). Peak vertical forces were different across grades (p …
The Effect Of Interval Training On Resting Blood Pressure, Camilla May Nielson
The Effect Of Interval Training On Resting Blood Pressure, Camilla May Nielson
Theses and Dissertations
Purpose: An experimental study to examine the effects of CardioWaves interval training (IT) and continuous training (CT) on resting blood pressure, resting heart rate, and mind-body wellness. Methods: Fifty-two normotensive (blood pressure <120/80 mmHg), pre-hypertensive (120-139/80-89 mmHg), and hypertensive (>140/90 mmHg) participants were randomly assigned and equally divided between the IT and CT groups. Both groups participated in the assigned exercise protocol thirty minutes per day, four days per week for eight weeks. Resting blood pressure, resting heart rate, and mind-body wellness were measured pre- and post-intervention. Results: A total of 47 participants (15 females and 32 males) were included in the analysis. The IT group had …
The Acute Effects Of Whole-Body Corrective Exercise On Postural Alignment, Nicole Renee Rencher
The Acute Effects Of Whole-Body Corrective Exercise On Postural Alignment, Nicole Renee Rencher
Theses and Dissertations
This study examined the acute effects of whole-body corrective exercise on postural alignment in a sample of 50 male participants (18-30 y) displaying asymmetrical postural deviations. All participants were randomly assigned to either a non-exercise control (n = 25) or corrective exercise treatment (n = 25) group. A three-dimensional motion analysis Vicon system was employed to quantify standing postural alignment at the beginning and end of a 6 d study. Postural misalignments were determined in degrees of symmetry (tilt) and rotation using horizontal and vertical virtual plumb lines for the following locations: hip (ASIS), leg (greater trochanter), shoulder (acromion process), …
Comparison Of Automated Event Detection Algorithms In Pathological Gait, Dustin A. Bruening, Sarah Trager Ridge
Comparison Of Automated Event Detection Algorithms In Pathological Gait, Dustin A. Bruening, Sarah Trager Ridge
Faculty Publications
Accurate automated event detection is important in increasing the efficiency and utility of instrumented gait analysis. Published automated event detection algorithms, however, have had limited testing on pathological populations, particularly those where force measurements are not available or reliable. In this study we first postulated robust definitions of gait events that were subsequently used to compare kinematic based event detection algorithms across difficult pathologies. We hypothesized that algorithm accuracy would vary by gait pattern, and that accurate event detection could be accomplished by first visually classifying the gait pattern, and subsequently choosing the most appropriate algorithm. Nine published kinematic event …