Kinesiology Commons^™

Technique Differences In Women's 100m Hurdles Between The Current Hurdle Height Of 84.0 Cm And A Proposed Hurdle Height Of 91.4 Cm, Jason M. Francis

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study examined women's 100 rn hurdle technique modifications over the proposed hurdle height of 91.4 ern compared to the current hurdle height of 84.0 ern. The technique modifications were determined by the kinematic variables composed of linear displacements and angular displacements, and the performance variables composed of velocity measures and timing information. Three women collegiate 1 OOrn hurdlers at Indiana State University and one post collegiate hurdler training at Indiana State University volunteered for the study. The athletes finished a six-week conditioning program prior to the start of hurdle training. The athletes were given two weeks or four hurdle …

Retrieving Movement Memory With And Without The Use Of Musical Cues, Lora S. Maher

Student Work

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between learning and retrieving movement with and without musical cues. Twenty-three students all of whom had not had any formal dance training participated in this study. The subjects were required to make two visits for data collection purposes. Testing included performance of the "Mayim" folk dance on day one and then again on day two. Subjects in groups one and two learned the dance with music and subjects in groups two and three learned the dance to the beat of the metronome. On their second visit, groups one and three …

The Development Of A Physical Education Teachers' Physical Activity Self-Efficacy Instrument, Jeffrey J. Martin, Pamela Hodges Kulinna

Kinesiology, Health and Sport Studies

In the present investigation a questionnaire was developed to assess physical education teachers' self-efficacy for teaching classes in which their students were engaged in high levels of physical activity (i.e., at least 50% of class time). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses resulted in the development of a 16-item, 4-factor, multidimensional physical education teachers' physical activity self-efficacy scale (PETPAS) that produced reliable and valid scores. The Student factor reflected teachers' efficacy for managing students who didn't enjoy or value physical activity. The Time factor was indicative of teachers' efficacy when they didn't have enough time to teach. The Space factor reflected …

Feedback Profiles Of Cooperating Teachers Supervising The Same Student Teacher [Abstract], David Kahan, Christina Sinclair, Leo Saucier, Nhu Nguyencaiozzi

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

High School Grade Point Average Predicts Admission To An Entry-Level Athletic Training Education Program, Roger S. Dortch

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Introduction: The increased number of applicants to allied health education programs has increased the responsibility of advisors and counselors to identify students that are most likely to succeed in the classroom and in the clinic. High school variables indicative of admission can be used as an early intervention to identify students' areas of strength. Students can be directed to resources that may improve his/her academic profile and possibly his/her chance of admission. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identil\1 whether or not high school cumulative grade point average, high school rank in class, or standardized test scores can …

We Want To Play Too, Peter J. Titlebaum, Kate Brennan, Tracy Chynoweth

Health and Sport Science Faculty Publications

The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) requires that persons with disabilities be integrated to the maximum extent possible, and that these persons cannot be excluded from participation. Intramural directors need to be proactive in this area. The benefits of intramural sports are vast, and they help many students become part of the college community.

Forming an alliance with the Disability Services on campus, the first step, is the most vital aspect of making these programs successful. It is important to remember the difference between what can be done and what must be done. Even with the best of intentions, it …

The Application Of Kinesio Tape Does Not Alter Knee Extensor Torque Production Following Muscle Fatigue, Takeru Hatachi

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Objective: Muscle fatigue is defined as the inability to maintain force output. It seems plausible that some sports injuries can be prevented if muscular fatigue can be reduced. Research evaluating Kinesio tape is still limited. And further study is needed in this area for clearing the effects of the elastic tape to apply effectively, and safely to the clinical setting. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Kinesio tape on knee extensor force output before and after muscle fatigue. Design and Setting: A 2 x 3 factorial design was used to compare force output before and …

Determinants Of Teachers' Intentions To Teach Physically Active Physical Education Classes, Jeffrey J. Martin, Pamela Hodges Kulinna, Robert C. Eklund, Brett Reed

Kinesiology, Health and Sport Studies

The purpose of the present investigation was to examine determinants of teachers' intentions to teach physically active physical education classes (i.e., spend at least 50% of class time with the students engaged in moderate to vigorous physical activity). Based on the theories of reasoned action, planned behavior, and self-efficacy, a model was examined hypothesizing that teachers' intentions were determined by subjective norm, attitude, perceived behavioral control, and self-efficacy. Using hierarchical regression analyses, the theories of reasoned action and planned behavior were supported by accounting for 65% of the variance in intention due to the main effects of attitude and subjective …

Childhood Obesity And Its Relationship To Sedentary Behavior Patterns Vs. Other Independent Risk Factors Of Obesity Among Navy Dependent Adolescents, Shaye Lauren Arluk

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Theses & Dissertations

Background According to data gathered in the NHANES 1999 survey 14% of American children are now classified as obese, a 60% increase in prevalence from the NHANES II survey in 1976. Multiple research studies have looked at the role of dietary intake, heredity, and physical activity participation as independent risk factors of obesity with mixed results. However, sedentary behavior patterns, which have markedly increased in the past ten years, have not been extensively studied in relation to childhood obesity. The goal of this study was to focus on the relationship between various sedentary behaviors and childhood obesity.

Methods Two descriptive …

A Comparison Of Lower Back Pain And Injury In Competitive And Non-Competitive Gymnasts, Laura Marie Parks

Student Work

The purpose of this study was to compare the incidence of lower back pain and the incidence o f lower back injury in non-competitive and competitive gymnasts. Secondly, the relationships of training variables with the incidence of lower back pain and lower back injury were examined. Seventy-eight female gymnasts (63 competitive and 15 non-competitive) ages 13-25 representing thirteen gymnastics clubs in the Midwest were surveyed. Each gymnast answered questions regarding years of training, weekly hours of practice, and history of low back pain and injury. Chi square analyses were done in order to compare the incidence o f lower back …

Relationship Between Reported Childhood And Adult Physical Activity, Kipp Ryan Kissinger

Student Work

It was the purpose of this research to examine the relationship between reported childhood and adult physical activity (PA), with special regards to the types of activities that correlate with habitual activity. Subjects were 249 male and female students age 19 to 30 years (M = 21.9 years) enrolled at the University of Nebraska at Omaha. Subjects were surveyed from all departments on campus. Subjects were asked to complete a survey instrument that assessed past and present PA. The results o f the current study reported that there is a significant positive correlation (r = 0.284, p < 0.05) between the total score of past childhood PA and present adult PA. When past PA was divided into preteen and adolescent periods, there were also significant relationships (p < 0.05) with all of the four indices of present PA (work, sport, leisure and total). Regression analysis explained 17.6 % of the variance in exercise when predicting adult PA from the total score of past PA. The prediction equation is as follows: Y ' = 27.761 + 0.775 (Xi) + 0.276 ( X 2 ) + 0.945 ( X 3 ) + 1.787 (3Ct) - 1.254 ( X 5 ) ; where Xi = number o f varsity athletic letters received as an adolescent, X 2 = informal activities as a preteen, X 3 = level of athletic ability or coordination in favorite sport as an adolescent, X4 = P.F.. classes as an adolescent, and X5 = activity level compared to peers as a preteen. It was concluded that there was a significant positive correlation (p < 0.05) between the total score of past PA and each of the four indices of present PA.

The Difference In Pain Tolerance Between Ncaa Division 1-A Male And Female Athletes, Mollie K. Karabatsos

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

How well an athlete tolerates pain may aid the athletic trainer in determining a proper rehabilitation protocol for the quickest recovery and return to play after an injury. The present investigation was conducted to determine if there is a difference in pain tolerance between NCAA Division I-A male and female athletes. The subjects consisted of nineteen healthy Division I-A male athletes and nineteen healthy Division I-A female athletes all between the ages of 18 and 23 (N=38). The subjects placed their hand, up to their styloid process, into a one - degree Celsius ice bath for one minute. After one …

Secondary School Students' Attitudes Toward Physical Activity, Mai Keok Low

Student Works (2000-2009)

The purpose of this study is to investigate the attitude of Malaysian secondary school students toward physical activity, age 16, in Senior Methodist Girls ' School, Kuala Lumpur. The dependent variable of this study is attitude in terms of the six perceived sub-domains of physical activity. The sub-domains are: physical activity as an aesthetic experience physical activity as catharsis; physical activity as a pursuit of vertigo physical activity for health and fitness; physical activity as a social experience and physical activity as an ascetic experience. The independent variables are academic fields of study (Arts and Science) and athletic experience of …

The Relationship Between Intramuscular Temperature, Skin Interface Temperature, And Skin Fold Measurements During And After Cryotherapy, Lisa S. Jutte

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Objective: Many studies have questionably measured skin temperature to assess the efficacy of cryotherapy. In addition, there is controversy owr the relationship between subcutaneous adipose thickness and intramuscular temperature. Thcret'ore. the twofold purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between skin and intramuscular temperature and to describe the relationships between muscle temperature, skin temperature, room temperature, body core temperature, and subcutaneous adipose thickness. Design and Setting: A multiple linear regression was used. The independent variables were skin temperature, body core temperature, subcutaneous adipose thickness, and room temperature. The dependent variable was intramuscular temperature. Subjects: Fifteen volunteers (age= 22.9 …

"A Comparison Of The Use Of Exercise As A Leisure Activity For Anorexic And Bulimic Teenage Girls To A Control Group", Sara Beth Mccracken

Student Work

The purpose of this study was to determine if the leisure activities of anorexic and bulimic teenage girls differ from those of a control group and to determine the difference between the two groups in their commitment to exercise. Two surveys, the State Technical Institute's Leisure Assessment Process (STILAP) and the Commitment to Exercise Scale, were distributed to anorexic and bulimic teenage girls in an Omaha, Nebraska, treatment facility. The surveys were also given to a control group made up of teenage girls in two Omaha area high schools. Six girls participated in the anorexic and bulimic group and 18 …

Stress And Burnout In Female High School Athletic Directors, Jeffrey J. Martin, Betty Kelley, Candice Dias

Kinesiology, Health and Sport Studies

In the current study we examined the relationships between stress predictors, stress, and burnout in female high school athletic directors (N = 52). Significant negative correlations between stress and hardiness and between stress and number of social support providers were found. Significant positive correlations between stress and time concerns, personnel concerns, and program success (e.g., winning) subscales of the athletic directing issues scale were also found. Subjects high in hardiness and with adequate social support networks, who also reported few athletic directing issues, were likely to report minimal stress. Significant positive correlations also indicated that stress was related to …

Modifying Teacher Behaviors To Promote Critical Thinking In K-12 Physical Education, Frances Cleland, John Helion, Frank F. Fry

Kinesiology Faculty Publications

This study examined four physical educators' teaching behaviors before and after an intervention. The study was conducted over the span of three 15-week academic semesters. Phase 1 of the study involved videotaping the participants' instruction prior to intervention. In Phase 2, participants were involved in two workshops planned to convey teaching strategies related to promoting critical thinking in physical education. In addition, participants and co-investigators team-taught three sample lessons focused on incorporating teaching behaviors attempting to foster critical thinking. Data collection was completed during Phase 3 by videotaping each teacher during one unit of instruction. A chi-square analysis of post-intervention …

The Relationship Between Physical Activity And Flexibility, Tanya Marie Schramm

Student Work

The purpose of this study was to determine if a relationship existed between flexibility and physical activity levels. Subjects included 128 male (n=64) and female (n=64) volunteers, 19 to 55 years of age. All subjects completed a physical activity questionnaire (which differentiated between work, sport, leisure and total physical activity) and a series of five flexibility tests. Four of the five flexibility tests were completed with the use of a goniometer which measured shoulder flexion, hip flexion, knee flexion and ankle dorsiflexion. The sit and reach test was used to assess hamstring­ lumbar flexibility. After analyzing the data by using …

The Effects Of Habitual Physical Activity On Number Of Colds And Incidence Of Cold Symptoms, Katie Lynn Maniatis

Masters Theses

The purpose of this investigation was to compare frequency of colds and symptoms of upper respiratory infection in college students who have different levels of habitual physical activity. Subjects were Eastern Illinois University students (N=535, aged 18-25). A survey was conducted which included questions inquiring about demographic information, physical activity habits, the number of colds contracted the month before the survey, and symptom number and severity. Data collection occurred between February 12th and March 1st, 1998. This particular time period was chosen for several reasons, including that student stress level should have been lower than at the beginning or end …

A Comparison Of Measures In Physical Fitness And Biological Maturity Between Female Gymnasts And Females Not Involved In Organized Sport, Cara Kokenes

Masters Theses

The purpose of this study was to investigate differences in physical fitness and biological development between two groups of twelve year old females. One group consisted of idividuals who had been involved in competitive sport for at least two years while the other group was not involved in organized sport. Two groups of 20 subjects were examined in terms of height, weight, flexibility, strength, body composition, maturation, eating attitudes, and cardiorespiratory endurance. The results indicated that the gymnasts were significantly (p<.05) shorter, lighter, stronger in regard to left hand grip strength, lower in percent body fat, less biologically mature, and had greater cardiorespiratory fitness than the non-gymnasts. No significant differences were observed in right hand grip strength or eating attitudes. It was concluded that maturation level as well as gymnastic training played a major role in influencing values obtained through measurements of physical fitness.

Predictors Of Social Physique Anxiety In Elite Female Youth Athletes, Jeffrey J. Martin, Hermann J. Engels, John C. Wirth, Kari L. Smith

Kinesiology, Health and Sport Studies

The purpose of this study was to examine predictors of social physique anxiety (SPA). SPA, self-esteem, body-esteem, public body consciousness (PBC) and percent body fat (%BF) were assessed with elite female youth athletes (N = 68) competing in either figure skating, soccer or gymnastics. Stepwise multiple regression analyses, controlling for BF%, accounted for 59% of the variance in SPA. Self-esteem entered first, and BF%, followed by body-esteem and PBC. The psychological variables accounted for 57% of the variance with self-esteem contributing the most (R square change = 45%). Contrary to previous research, BF% did not significantly contribute to SPA. …

Physiological Responses To Various Durations And Intensities Of Warmup, Susan J. Hanson

Student Work

Warmup has been a general practice for most athletes to engage in prior to a practice or competitive race. However, there has been little scientific evidence, specifically for the endurance athlete concerning the appropriate duration, intensity, or a combination of duration and intensity needed to enhance performance. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine how different combinations of durations and intensities of warmup affect heart rate (HR), lactic acid· (LA), minute ventilation (VE), respiratory exchange ratio (R) and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) during a 5 minute treadmill run at 80% VO2 max. Subjects included four male and …

Students' Perception Of Teacher Expectation In A Co-Educational Physical Activity Class, Cari Robin Turner

Student Work

The purpose of this study was to determine if a gender difference exists between students perception of male and female teacher expectation. Student perceptions were determined by administering the Student Perception Inventory (SPI) developed by McBride (1990). Three high schools and five junior high schools which included 15 teachers participated in the study. All students who participated were enrolled in co-educational physical activity classes. All students were surveyed at the beginning of the class period. There were 363 students surveyed. Of the 363 students surveyed, 342 were considered usable. Analysis of the data included frequency and percentage of response, as …

The Historical Transformation Of Swimming Into A Modern Leisure Activity, Stephanie J. Haas

Student Work

The purpose of this study is to trace the transformation of swimming from its earliest appearance in the literature to its contemporary form as a modern leisure activity. The processes of rationalization, legitimation and democratization are examined in pre-industrial, industrial, and post-industrial societies.

An investigation of the available literature disclosed negative attitudes toward swimming during the Middle Ages which caused a decrease in expressive uses of swimming. After this period, swimming's acceptance as a legitimate leisure activity continued to increase through the industrial and post-industrial eras. The democratization of swimming seemed limited to societies on the coasts of large bodies …

The Effect Of A Weight Training Program On The Happiness Of Young Women, Natalie Dowty

Student Work

An increasing body of research indicates that exercise has some positive psychological effects. But few studies focus specifically on weight training as the treatment, or happiness as the dependent variable. Additionally, much research has focused on psychological state changes from immediately before, to immediately following a physical activity. Little has been reported on the relationship between weight training and general happiness over a longer period of time, (i.e. three to four months). The purpose of this study was: (a) to determine the effect of beginning and maintaining a regular weight training program on the happiness of previously sedentary women, (b) …

Running With Running Shoes Versus Barefoot Running: A Videographical Analysis, Nikolaos Stergiou

Student Work

The purpose of this study was to kinematically describe the movements of the lower extremities in running with running shoes and running barefoot. Another purpose of this study was to identify and compare the anatomical and mechanical adaptations that occur. Seven college age females, members of the University of Nebraska at Omaha cross-country team, and one local competitive long-distance female runner 27 yrs old, were subjects of this study. All subjects were free of any physical disability that could have caused an impaired performance.

All subjects completed one testing session consisting of three acceptable trials each with and without their …

Subject-Generated Verbalized Strategy And Error Estimation During Skill Acquisition, Kent Darby Wagoner

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of subject-generated verbalized strategy during the post-KR delay interval on motor learning of college-aged students. A second purpose of the study was to replicate the Hogan and Yanowitz (1978) experiment and examine the effects of subject-generated verbalized error estimation on motor learning. Additionally, this study examined the interaction effects of verbalized strategy and verbalized error estimation on motor learning of college-aged students. Based on the conclusions drawn from relevant literature it was hypothesized that subject-generated verbalized strategy and verbalized error estimation during skill acquisition would enhance learning.

The subjects participating …

The Effects Of An Employee Fitness Program On Absenteeism And Health Care Costs, Brian C. Bell

Student Work

Health care expenditures in the United States have continued to climb at an alarming rate. In 1982, health care expenditures accounted for nearly $322.4 billion of the gross national product (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 1982). Health care expenditures are expected to consume nearly 12 percent of the nation's economic output by the year 1990, reaching nearly $756 billion in projected costs (Cullen and Towe, 1983). Although health care costs have climbed at an annual rate of less than 10 percent, these costs have continued to increase in the private sector, which currently absorbs one-fourth of the nation's …

The Effects Of An Aerobic Arm Cranking Program On Children With Myelomeningocele, Lisa L. Jacques

Student Work

The number of men and women with lower extremity disability is growing {Pollock, Miller, Linnerind, Laughridge, Coleman, and Alexander, 1974). A chief cause of this growth is an increase in the number of accidents damaging the spinal column (Pollock et al., 1974). However, many individuals are also born with these types of disabilities, and one of the causes is a disease termed spina bifida. Spina bifida occurs in about 3 per 1000 live births (Batshaw & Perret, 1981). The spine of children born with this defect is bifida and may be exposed, along with nervous tissue surrounding the area, on …

The Effect Of A Corporate Fitness Program On Worker Productivity, Joseph A. Leutzinger

Student Work

Other parts of the world, namely Europe and Asia, are out producing the United States. According to Steers & Porter (1987), the U.S. ranked sixth among seven leading industrial nations in productivity increases from 1968-1978. An unhealthy life-style is one factor causing decreased productivity in the U.S. (Cox, Shephard & Corey, 1981). Fitness level, work capacity, mental fatigue and stress are related to life-style and have an impact on productivity (Falkenberg, 1987). It is estimated that two-thirds of all businesses in the U.S. with fifty or more employees offer some type of health promotion program (McLemore & Dolzier, 1987). These …