Parasitology Commons^™

Endohelminths Of A Snake Mackerel, Gempylus Serpens (Trichiuroidea: Gempylidae), From The Gulf Of Mexico, Charles K. Blend, Norman O. Dronen, James S. Franks, George W. Benz

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Endohelminths are reported from a female snake mackerel, Gempylus serpens (Trichiuroidea: Gempylidae), captured from a depth of 61 m in the Gulf of Mexico 140 km south of the mouth of Mobile Bay, Alabama, in August 1998. A diverse endohelminth parasite fauna was found: 29 plerocercoid type I tetraphyllideans from the lower intestine; 4 didymozoid metacercariae allocated to the collective group Monilicaecum and one didymozoid metacercaria of the collective group Torticaecum from the pyloric cecum; one juvenile Gonocerca phycidis from the stomach; and 5 larvae (L3 stage) comprising 3 species of Anisakis from the pyloric cecum. These nematodes were identified …

Trematoda (Platyhelminthes) Of The Gulf Of Mexico, Robin M. Overstreet, Joshua O. Cook, Richard W. Heard

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

First paragraph:

The platyhelminth class Trematoda, consisting of the subclasses Aspidogastrea and Digenea, contains individuals referred to as digeneans, trematodes, or flukes. Aspidogastreans, not digeneans in the strict sense2 number about 80 species in total (Rohde 2005), but adults in the Gulf of Mexico of 4 species have been reported from teleost and chondrichthyan fishes (Hendrix and Overstreet I 977) and one from a turtle (Wharton 1939). Consequently, this chapter deals with trematodes rather than just digeneans, even though all the records but the 5 refer to digeneans. Trematoda is the largest group of platyhelminths, and trematode adults, other than …

Caecincola Longiscens N. Sp. (Digenea: Cryptogonimidae) From The White Crappie, Pomoxis Annularis, In Mississippi, U.S.A., Stephen S. Curran, Robin M. Overstreet

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

A new cryptogonimid trematode is described from the white crappie, Pomoxis annularis Rafinesque, 1818, collected from Lake Chotard, an oxbow lake directly connected to the Mississippi River in Issaquena County, and from a small ephemeral oxbow periodically connected with the Pascagoula River in Jackson County, both in Mississippi, U.S.A. Caecincola longiscens n. sp. is characterized by having an elongated body with a length to width ratio of 5.5-7.5:1, tandem testes, an elongated tubular seminal vesicle, and vitelline follicles confined to the hindbody.

Rhabditid Nematode-Associated Ophthalmitis And Meningoencephalomyelitis In Captive Asian Horned Frogs (Megophrys Montana) [Case Reports], Denise M. Imai, Steven A. Nadler, Deena Brenner, Taryn A. Donovan, Allan P. Pessier

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Between 2006 and 2008, 4 captive Asian horned frogs (Megophrys montana) were diagnosed with ocular and neurologic disease associated with rhabditid nematodiasis. Mortality, either spontaneous or by humane euthanasia, was high (3/4, 75%). Gross and histologic findings included varying degrees of ulcerative keratitis, histiocytic uveitis and retinitis, meningoencephalomyelitis, and epidermal chromatophore (iridophore) hyperplasia with intralesional nematodes. Entry into the host was presumed to be by direct invasion of the skin and the cornea with migration through the optic nerve to the brain and spinal cord. One frog was diagnosed with rhabditid nematodiasis antemortem, and clinical signs and lesions …

Book Review: The Mermaid’S Tale: Four Billion Years Of Cooperation In The Making Of Living Things By Kenneth M. Weiss And Anne V. Buchanan, Harvard University Press, 2009, Daniel R. Brooks

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Book review of The Mermaid’s Tale: Four Billion Years of Cooperation in the Making of Living Things by Kenneth M. Weiss and Anne V. Buchanan. Harvard University Press, 2009, ISBN: 9780674031937.

Evaluation Of Some Vulval Appendages In Nematode Taxonomy, Lynn K. Carta, Zafar A. Handoo, Eric P. Hoberg, Eric F. Erbe, William P. Wergin

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

A survey of the nature and phylogenetic distribution of nematode vulval appendages revealed 3 major classes based on composition, position, and orientation that included membranes, flaps, and epiptygmata. Minor classes included cuticular inflations, protruding vulvar appendages of extruded gonadal tissues, vulval ridges, and peri-vulval pits. Vulval membranes were found in Mermithida, Triplonchida, Chromadorida, Rhabditidae, Panagrolaimidae, Tylenchida, and Trichostrongylidae. Vulval flaps were found in Desmodoroidea, Mermithida, Oxyuroidea, Tylenchida, Rhabditida, and Trichostrongyloidea. Epiptygmata were present within Aphelenchida, Tylenchida, Rhabditida, including the diverged Steinernematidae, and Enoplida. Within the Rhabditida, vulval ridges occurred in Cervidellus, peri-vulval pits in Strongyloides, cuticular inflations in …

Historical Account Of The Two Family-Group Names In Use For The Single Accepted Family Comprising The "Fish Blood Flukes", Stephen A. Bullard, Kirsten Jensen, Robin M. Overstreet

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

The family-group name for the “fish blood flukes” is unstable, with both “Aporocotylidae Odhner, 1912” and “Sanguinicolidae von Graff, 1907” in use for the single family. Although “Sanguinicolidae von Graff, 1907” (or “Graff, 1907”) has been a widely-accepted family-group name for the fish blood flukes subsequent to Yamaguti'’s 1954 and 1958 synoptical publications (“Systema Helminthum”), a critical examination of the relevant literature, much of it published in German during 1900 through 1926, reveals that “Aporocotylidae Odhner, 1912” is the earliest available family-group name for these flukes. The name Aporocotylidae, moreover, was in wide usage by alpha taxonomists before …

Nagmia Rodmani N. Sp., Nagmia Cisloi N. Sp. And Probolitrema Richiardii (López, 1888) (Gorgoderidae: Anaporrhutinae) From Elasmobranchs In The Gulf Of California, Mexico, Stephen S. Curran, Charles K. Blend, Robin M. Overstreet

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

The generic diagnosis of Nagmia Nagaty, 1930, is emended to include species having some vitelline follicles extending into the extracecal space. Two new species belonging in the genus are described from the Gulf of California: Nagmia rodmani n. sp. from the body cavity of the giant electric ray, Narcine entemedor Jordan and Starks, 1895, and Nagmia cisloi n. sp. from the body cavity of the smoothtail mobula, Mobula thurstoni (Lloyd, 1908). Both species are distinguished from each other and the 13 other known congeners by the number of testicular follicles, ratio of widths of oral sucker to ventral sucker, and …

Acanthocephala From Amphibians In China With The Description Of A New Species Of Pseudoacanthocephalus (Echinorhynchida), Sarah E. Bush, Donald W. Duszynski, Brent B. Nickol

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Amphibians of 24 species were surveyed for acanthocephalans in four nature reserves in two Chinese provinces during 2004-2006. Pseudoacanthocephalus bufonis (Echinorhynchida) occurred in both nature reserves in Guangxi Province. In the Jing Xi County Provincial Nature Reserve, P. bufonis infected 36 of 62 amphibians at a mean intensity of 9.9. Less than 250 km away, at Shiwandashan National Nature Reserve, 5 of 20 amphibians were infected at a mean intensity of 6.2. Pseudoacanthocephalus bufonis was not found in either of the reserves in Guizhou Province. In the Kuan Kuoshui Nature Reserve, 9 of 28 amphibians were parasitized at a mean …

Worm-Web Search: A Content-Based Image Retrieval (Cbir) System For The Parasite Image Collection In The Harold W. Manter Laboratory Of Parasitology, University Of Nebraska State Mueum, Ramalingamurthy Meduri, Ashok Samal, Scott Lyell Gardner

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

We have developed a prototype web-accessible content-based image retrieval (CBIR) system that allows internet/web-based sharing of biological collections that contain large numbers of images of archived specimens. This system will enable both researchers and educators to access verified, high quality data on biological collections that are available in any museum with digitized holdings. The CBIR system that we are testing can play an important role in understanding global biodiversity because no knowledge of the specific names of specimens need be known before useful information can be extracted from such databases. Our CBIR framework allows users to search image collections using …

Presentation Of The 2008 Asp Distinguished Service Award To William C. Campbell, Robin M. Overstreet

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Presentation of the 2008 American Society of Parasitologists Distinguished Service Award to William C. Campbell, Dana Fellow for scientists emeriti at Drew University.

Acceptance Of The Clark P. Read Mentor Award: Students, Opportunity, Serendipity, And W.B. Yeats: "Education Is Not The Filling Of A Pail; It Is The Lighting Of A Fire", Donald W. Duszynski

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Transcript of the speech given by Donald W. Duszynski, of the University of New Mexico, upon acceptance of the American Society of Parasitologists' Clark P. Read Mentor Award, 2008.

A New Species Of Lentiella (Cestoda: Anoplocephalidae) From Proechimys Simonsi (Rodentia: Echimyidae) In Bolivia = Una Especie Nueva De Lentiella (Cestoda: Anoplocephalidae) De Proechimys Simonsi (Rodentia: Echimyidae) En Bolivia, Terry R. Haverkost, Scott Lyell Gardner

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

During a biodiversity survey of mammals and their parasites in the Beni, Bolivia in the summer of 2000, several spiny rats, Proechimys simonsi Thomas, 1900, were collected and examined for parasites. Herein we describe Lentiella lamothei n. sp. from one of these hosts. This species is can be distinguished from L. machadoi Rêgo, 1964 by having a greater total length but smaller maximum width, a greater number of segments, a smaller cirrus sac, a smaller scolex diameter, and in the eggs, a larger pyriform apparatus. In addition, we formally validate the genus Lentiella Rêgo, 1964, that had been placed in …

Endoparasites Of Fat-Tailed Mouse Opossums (Thylamys: Didelphidae) From Northwestern Argentina And Southern Bolivia, With The Description Of A New Species Of Tapeworm, F. Agustin Jimenez Ruiz, Janet K. Braun, Mariel Campbell, Scott Lyell Gardner

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

The parasite fauna of two species of fat-tailed mouse opossums from northwestern Argentina is herein presented. Five species of helminths were found, i.e., Pterygodermatites kozeki, Hoineffia simplispicula, Oligacanthorhynchus sp., and a new species of tapeworm, Mathevotaenia sanmartini n. sp. (Cyclophyllidea: Anoplocephalidae). The new species is characterized by a calyciform scolex, relatively few testes (32), and a long cirrus sac; it occurs in fat-tailed mouse opossums at localities above 4,000 m. Those characters make it different from 6 species known to occur in marsupials from the New World, and from other species occurring in armadillos and bats. Didelphoxyuris thylamisis …

The Systematic Position Of Lauroiinae Skrjabin And Schikhobalova, 1951 (Nemata: Heterakoidea: Aspidoderidae), As Revealed By The Analysis Of Traits Used In Its Diagnosis, F. Agustin Jimenez-Ruiz, Scott Lyell Gardner, Dely Noronha, Roberto Magalhães Pinto

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

During our work on biodiversity of parasites of mammals of the Neotropics we collected numerous nematodes assignable to species of the family Aspidoderidae (Nemata: Heterakoidea). These nematodes occur as parasites of the cecum and large intestine of marsupials, rodents and xenarthrans (armadillos) only in the New World. As aspidoderid nematodes have been little studied beyond their alpha taxonomy, it is the purpose of the present paper to apply phylogenetic systematic methods to more completely understand the evolutionary relationships of the included species. Members of the aspidoderid subfamily Lauroiinae have had very little work applied to their systematic relationships and no …

Species Of Coccidia (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) In Shrews From Alaska, U.S.A., And Northeastern Siberia, Russia, With Description Of Two New Species, A. J. Lynch, Donald W. Duszynski

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Fecal samples (n = 636) from 10 species of shrews collected in Alaska (n = 540) and northeastern Siberia (n = 96) were examined for the presence of coccidia (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae). Five distinct oocyst morphotypes were observed. Three types were consistent with oocysts of previously recognized coccidia species from other shrew hosts. These were Eimeria inyoni, E. vagrantis, and Isospora brevicauda, originally described from the inyo shrew (Sorex tenellus), dusky shrew (S. monticolus), and northern short-tailed shrew (Blarina brevicauda), respectively. We found 5 new host records for E. …

A Review Of Species In The Genus Rhopalias (Rudolphi, 1819), Terry R. Haverkost, Scott Lyell Gardner

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Currently, there are 6 recognized species in the genus Rhopalias. These parasites are found in the small intestines of numerous species of marsupials throughout North and South America. Small mistakes in various classical taxonomic works have given rise to recent and numerous misidentifications of these species. In this work, we examine a total of 99 specimens across all species from museum collections in an attempt to determine informative taxonomic characters to distinguish these species. Despite confusion in the literature, accurate identification of these species can be achieved by observing the presence or absence of oral and flanking spines anterior …

Parasites As Probes For Prehistoric Human Migrations?, Adauto Araújo, Karl J. Reinhard, Luiz Fernando Ferreira, Scott Lyell Gardner

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Host-specific parasites of humans are used to track ancient migrations. Based on archaeoparasitology, it is clear that humans entered the New World at least twice in ancient times. The archaeoparasitology of some intestinal parasites in the New World points to migration routes other than the Bering Land Bridge. Helminths have been found in mummies and coprolites in North and South America. Hookworms (Necator and Ancylostoma), whipworms (Trichuris trichiura) and other helminths require specific conditions for life-cycle completion. They could not survive in the cold climate of the northern region of the Americas. Therefore, humans would have …

Stable Yellowhead Virus (Yhv) Rna Detection By Qrt-Pcr During Six-Day Storage, Hongwei Ma, Robin M. Overstreet, Jean A. Jovonovich

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Storage conditions of haemolymph samples which contain yellowhead virus (YHV) may result in a decline of YHV RNA concentration or false-negative results in the detection of YHV. We evaluated the stability of YHV RNA in haemolymph stored at different temperatures for 6 d with conventional RT-PCR and TaqMan qRT-PCR. Specific pathogen-free individuals of Litopenaeus vannamei were challenged with YHV92TH isolate, and haemolymph samples of 3 groups of 10 pooled moribund shrimp were aliquoted and stored at 4 and 25°C for 0, 2, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96, 120, and 144 h. All samples were evaluated by conventional RT-PCR and …

New Genus And Species Of Aporocotylidae (Digenea) From A Basal Actinopterygian, The American Paddlefish, Polyodon Spathula, (Acipenseriformes: Polyodontidae) From The Mississippi Delta, Stephen A. Bullard, Scott D. Snyder, Kirsten Jensen, Robin M. Overstreet

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Acipensericola petersoni n. gen., n. sp. (Digenea: Aporocotylidae) infects the heart of the American paddlefish Polyodon spathula (Walbaum, 1792) in the Mississippi Delta. It has robust, spike-like body spines arranged in ventrolateral transverse rows; a bowl-shaped anterior sucker centered on the mouth and having minute spines on the inner anteroventral surface only; a pharynx; an inverse U-shaped ceca extending to near the posterior body end; intercecal testes comprising a pre-ovarian testicular column plus a single testis posteriorly; an extensively lobed ovary located medially and immediately posterior to the testicular column; a spherical ootype that is intercecal and post-ovarian; a Laurer’s …

A Tick From A Prehistoric Arizona Coprolite, Keith L. Johnson, Karl J. Reinhard, Luciana Sianto, Adauto Araújo, Scott Lyell Gardner, John J. Janovy Jr.

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Ticks have never been reported in archaeological analyses. Here, we present the discovery of a tick from a coprolite excavated from Antelope Cave in extreme northwest Arizona. Dietary analysis indicates that the coprolite has a human origin. This archaeological occupation is associated with the Ancestral Pueblo culture (Anasazi). This discovery supports previous hypotheses that ticks were a potential source of disease and that ectoparasites were eaten by ancient people.

Two Cyclocoelids From The Lesser Yellowlegs, Tringa Flavipes (Scolopacidae), From The Central Flyway Of North America, Including The Description Of Haematotrephus Selfi N. Sp. (Digenea: Cyclocoelidae), Norman O. Dronen, Scott Lyell Gardner, F. Agustin Jimenez-Ruiz

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Seven specimens of cyclocoelids (6 specimens representing Haematotrephus selfi n. sp. and 1 specimen representing a second unidentified species of Haematotrephus) collected by the late Dr. J. Teague Self, former professor, Department of Zoology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, U.S.A., from the body cavities of 3 lesser yellowlegs, Tringa flavipes, (2 birds collected from Roger Mills County, Oklahoma on 23 and 29 August 1963, and 1 collected from Manitoba, Canada on 3 June 1964) and deposited in the Manter Laboratory of Parasitology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska are described. Haematotrephus selfi n. sp. can be distinguished from all …

Helminths Of Small Mammals (Chiroptera, Insectivora, Lagomorpha) From Mongolia With A Description Of A New Species Of Schizorchis (Cestoda: Anoplocephalidae), David S. Tinnin, Scott Lyell Gardner, Sumiya Ganzorig

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Fifty-eight individuals belonging to 10 species of bats, insectivores, and pikas were examined for helminths from 4 collection sites in Mongolia in 1999. Two species of bats (Vespertilio murinus and Eptesicus gobiensis) were infected with a single species of trematode (Plagiorchis vespertilionis), which represents a new record for the country. One individual of E. gobiensis also harbored 1 unidentified filaroid nematode. The acanthocephalan Moniliformis moniliformis was found in the hedgehog Hemiechinus auritus. Cestodes in the genus Catenotaenia and the herein described Schizorchis mongoliensis n. sp. were recovered from pikas belonging to the species Ochotona alpina …

An Exploration Of Diversity Among The Ostertagiinae (Nematoda: Trichostrongyloidea) In Ungulates From Sub-Saharan Africa With A Proposal For A New Genus, Eric P. Hoberg, Arthur Abrams, Vanessa O. Ezenwa

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Abomasal nematodes (Ostertagiine: Trichostrongyloidea) representing a previously unrecognized genus and species are reported in African buffalo (Syncerus caffer caffer) from Kenya, Uganda, and South Africa. Africanastrongylus buceros gen. nov. et sp. nov. is characterized by a symmetrical tapering synlophe in the cervical region and a maximum of 60 ridges in males and females. Bursal structure is 2–2–1, with subequal Rays 4/5, massive Rays 8, and Rays 9/10, and a massive dorsal lobe that is reduced in length, laterally and dorsally inflated, and positioned ventral to externodorsal rays. Spicules are tripartite, and the gubernaculum is broadly alate in the …

Muscleworms, Parelaphostrongylus Andersoni (Nematoda: Protostrongylidae), Discovered In Columbia White-Tailed Deer From Oregon And Washington: Implications For Biogeography And Host Associations, Ingrid M. Asmundsson, Jack A. Mortenson, Eric P. Hoberg

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Parelaphostrongylus andersoni is considered a characteristic nematode infecting white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). Host and geographic distribution for this parasite, however, remain poorly defined in the region of western North America. Fecal samples collected from Columbia white-tailed deer (O. v. leucurus) in a restricted range endemic to Oregon and Washington, USA, were examined for dorsal-spined larvae characteristic of many protostrongylid nematodes. Multilocus DNA sequence data (internal transcribed spacer 2 and cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1) established the identity and a new record for P. andersoni in a subspecies of white-tailed deer previously unrecognized as hosts. Populations of …

Age Distribution And Seasonal Dynamics Of Abomasal Helminths In Wild Red Deer From Central Spain, Mónica Santín-Durán, José M. Alunda, Eric P. Hoberg, Concepción De La Fuente

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

A study on age distribution and seasonal dynamics of abomasal helminths in wild red deer was conducted in central Spain, by monthly samplings of fawns (<1 >yr), subadult (1–2 yr), and adult (>2 yr) animals. Both intensity and prevalence of abomasal parasitism were higher in older animals, particularly in males. A bimodal pattern for intensity of infection by gastrointestinal parasites was observed. Maximum values attained in winter and summer may be related to variation in climate and the shifting availability of forage resources. The pattern was largely due to the contribution of Spiculopteragia asymmetrica/Spiculopteragia quadrispiculata, whereas …

Hamulonema Gen. Nov. For Teladorsagia Hamata And Ostertagia Kenyensis In The Ostertagiinae Fauna (Nematoda: Trichostrongyloidea) From African Ungulates, Eric P. Hoberg, Arthur Abrams

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Hamulonema gen. nov. is proposed for Teladorsagia hamata and Ostertagia kenyensis in the ostertagiine nematode fauna found in artiodactyl hosts from Africa. Monomorphic species representing this genus are characterized by a bilaterally symmetrical and parallel synlophe in males and females, a 2-2-1 bursal formula, an accessory bursal membrane that is strongly cuticularized and reduced, a strongly reduced dorsal lobe and ray, and robust spicules with a simple, weakly pointed, ventral process, and curved, hooklike dorsal process. Species referred to Hamulonema nov. gen. are immediately distinguished from those of Camelostrongylus, Longistrongylus, Marshallagia, Orloffia, Ostertagia, and Pseudomarshallagia …

Illustrated Identification Keys To Strongylid Parasites Strongyllidae Nematoda Of Horses Zebras And Asses Equidae, J. Ralph Lichtenfels, Vitaliy A. Kharchenko, Grigory M. Dvojnos

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

The Equidae (the horse, Equus caballus, the ass, Equus asinus, zebras and their hybrids) are hosts to a great variety of nematode parasites, some of which can cause significant morbidity or mortality if individual hosts are untreated. Worldwide the nematode parasites of horses belong to 7 suborders, 12 families, 29 genera and 83 species. The great majority (19 of 29 genera and 64 of 83 species) are members of the family Strongylidae, which includes the most common and pathogenic nematode parasites of horses. Only the Strongylidae are included in this treatise.

The Strongylidae (common name strongylids) of horses …

Preface [To Identification Keys To Strongylid Nematode Parasites Of Equids], J. Ralph Lichtenfels

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Preface to a special issue of Veterinary Parasitology (v. 156, nos. 1-2, 2008), titled Identification Keys to Strongylid Nematode Parasites of Equids.

Presidential Address: Nothing Succeeds Like Excess, Steven A. Nadler

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

To the members of the American Society of Parasitologists, I offer my appreciation for the opportunity to serve as your president. When I was notified of my successful election as an officer, it brought to mind that famous remark by Adlai Stevenson who said, ‘‘In America, anybody can be president. That’s one of the risks you take.’’ So, what I initially perceived as somewhat of a risky venture, proved to be a more valuable and interesting experience than I anticipated. Let’s hope that my presidential address has a similar outcome.