Parasitology Commons^™

Parasite Population Regulation: Lethal And Sublethal Effects Of Leptorhynchoides Thecatus (Acanthocephala: Rhadinorhynchidae) On Hyalella Azteca (Amphipoda), Richard L. Uznanski, Brent B. Nickol

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

The hypothesis that Leptorhynchoides thecatus populations are regulated by mortality of heavily infected intermediate hosts, Hyalella azteca, was examined experimentally. Mortality related to the infection process could not be demonstrated because no survivorship difference occurred between amphipod groups exposed to L. thecatus and unexposed control groups after 24 hours Likewise, amphipod mortality could not be associated with infection intensity during this period. Amphipod mortality, growth, and infection intensity were monitored for 25 days after a 24-hour exposure period. Cystacanths were infective to fish after 25 days. Survivorship of exposed amphipods was at least as great as that of unexposed …

Isospora Californica (Protozoa: Eimeriidae) In Peromyscus Maniculatus (Cricetidae) From White Sands National Monument, New Mexico, Lillian F. Mayberry, John R. Bristol, Donald W. Duszynski

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Isospora californica (Protozoa: Eimeriidae) in Peromyscus maniculatus (Cricetidae) from White Sands National Monument, New Mexico

This report constitutes a new geographic record for Isospora californica and adds a micrograph of the coccidium, which the original description did not include. The latter is important because to correctly identify coccidia, a photograph as well as a drawing is at times necessary.

Arapaho Prairie, Arthur County, Nebraska: Approximate Ap Grid For Gis, Kathleen H. Keeler, A. T. Harrison, L. S. Vescio

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Grid map of field sites at Arapaho Prairie in Arthur County, Nebraska. Scale 1 5/16" = 1/4 mile. Shows permanently marked vegetation quadrats, blowouts and ravine washouts, roads, and 100' contour intervals. Part of the map was destroyed by mice. What remains of the map as of 2013 is shown.

Three Proteocephalid Cestodes From Colombian Siluriform Fishes, Including Nomimoscolex Alovarius Sp.N. (Monticelliidae: Z Ygobothriinae), Daniel R. Brooks, Thomas L. Deardorff

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Three species of proteocephalid cestodes were collected from Colombian siluriform fishes. Goezeella siluri Fuhrmann, 1916 is reported from Ageneiosus caucanus for the first time, and Colombia is a new locality. Goezeella siluri has a metascolex, biloculate suckers, and cortical gonads. Proteocephalideans possessing uniloculate suckers and cortical gonads represent two groupings. Those species possessing metascolices represent the genus Spatulifer Woodland, 1934, containing the species surubim, piramutab, piracatinga , rugosa , and rugata. Those lacking metascolices belong in Monticellia LaRue, 1911, comprising coryphicephala, lenha, megacephala, and spinulifera. New combinations include Spatulifer piramutab for Goezeella piramutab, S. piracatinga for Monticellia piracatinga, …

Cestodes In Four Species Of Euryhaline Stingrays From Colombia, Daniel R. Brooks, Monte A. Mayers

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Seven species of cestodes are reported from coastal stingrays in the vicinity of Cartagena, Colombia, Acanthobothrium colombianum sp,n. from Aetobatis narinari resembles A . paulum and A. mathiasi but differs by having relatively shorter, more squared proglottids at the end of the strobila, a pre-equatorial genital pore, relatively less elongate ovarian lobes in terminal proglottids, and less prominent apical suckers and pads. Acanthobothrium urotrygoni sp.n. from Urotrygon venezuelae most closely resembles A . olseni in bothridial hook length but differs in cirrus sac size, resembles A. southwelli in cirrus sac size but differs in bothridial hook length, and differs from …

Occurrence Of Quadrigyrus Torquatus Van Cleave, 1920 (Acanthocephala) In North-Central Colombia, South America, Richard L. Buckner, Daniel R. Brooks

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

During June and July of 1975 and 1976, fish of the Magdalena River basin in Colombia, South America, were examined for acanthocephalans, A total of 16 species of fish were collected from the departments of Caldas and Bolivar. Worms were fixed in AFA and stained in Mayer's carmalum,

New Host And Locality For Kathlania Leptura (Rudolphi) (Nematoda: Oxyurata: Kathlanidae), Daniel R. Brooks, Jack Frazier

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Marine testudines are known to host two species of kathlanid nematodes, Kathlania leptura (Rudolphi, 1819) Travassos, 1918 and Tonaudia tonaudia (Lane, 1914) Travassos, 1918, Each species has been reported infrequently but exhibits a wide geographic distribution. Both K. leptura and T. tonaudia have been reported from Ceylon and from the Mediterranean Sea near Egypt, and K. leptura has been reported also from the coast of Brazil (Skrjabin, Shikhobalova, and Lagodovskaya, 1964, in Skrjabin (ed,) Essentials of Nematodology, vol. 13, part 3, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, English translation, 1976, TT75-50011, U.S. Department of Commerce, NTIS, Springfield, Virginia 22151), This …

Taxonomy And Biology Of North American Species Of Goezia (Nematoda: Anisakidae) From Fishes, Including Three New Species, Thomas L. Deardorff, Robin M. Overstreet

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Three new species of Goezia from fishes in North America are described and supplemental data for G. minuta and several unidentified adults and larvae are presented. Males, especially their caudal papillae, are necessary to identify most species. For the new species, G. pelagia sp. n. from Rachycentron canadum and Chaetodipterus faber in the northern Gulf of Mexico possesses 12- 19 preanal, two para-anal, and four postanal pairs of papillae; G. kliksi sp. n. from Pogonias cromis in Lake Borgne, Louisiana, has 10-16 preanal, two para-anal, and five postanal pairs of papillae, and G. sinamora sp. n. from Tilapia aurea, …

Redescription Of Diandrya Composita Darrah, 1930 (Cestoda: Anoplocephalidae) From Nearctic Marmots (Rodentia: Sciuridae) And The Relationships Of The Genus Diandrya Emend., Robert L. Rausch

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

According to the original description of Diandrya composita Darrah, 1930 (the type and only species of the Nearctic genus Diandrya Darrah, 1930) , this cestode would possess a combination of organs, the "interproglottidal glands" and "pedunculated prostate glands," otherwise unknown in any member of the Anoplocephalidae. Neither of these organs is present in D. composita . This species is redescribed and the generic diagnosis is emended accordingly. Diandrya composita has its closest affinities with cestodes of the genus Andrya Railliet, 1893, from which it differs significantly only in reduplication of the reproductive organs.

Two New Species Of Cestode (Trypanorhyncha, Eutetrarhynchidae) From The Yellow-Spotted Stingray, Urolophus Jamaicensis, Kinga J. Kovacs, Gerald D. Schmidt

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Eutetrarhynchus thalassius sp.n. and Eutetrarhynchus caribbensis sp.n. were collected from the spiral valves of three yellow-spotted stingrays, Urolophus jamaicensis, in Discovery Bay, Jamaica. Both species most closely resemble Eutetrarhynchus geraschmidti Dollfus, 1974. Eutetrarhynchus thalassius differs from E. geraschmidti in the arrangement, sizes, and shapes of tentacular armature, Eutetrarhynchus caribbensis differs from E. geraschmidti and E. thalassius on the basis of metabasal armature. The tentacular armature of E. geraschmidti is redescribed,

Cestode Parasites Of Some Venezuelan Stingrays, Monte A. Mayes, Daniel R. Brooks

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Forty-seven stingrays representing 8 species collected in Venezuelan coastal waters were examined for cestode parasites. Specimens of 18 tetraphyllidean, lecanicephalidean, and trypanorhynchan cestode species were collected, 3 described as new. Rhinebothrium margaritense sp. n. from Dasyatis guttata and D. americana most closely resembles R. spinicephalum and R. tetralobatum but differs by having 3-6 rather than only 2 testes per proglottid and a different number of bothridial loculi. Rhodobothrium paucitesticulare sp. n. from Rhinoptera bonasus possesses fewer than half as many testes per proglottid as any other known member of the genus. Dioecotaenia campbelli sp. n. differs from D. cancellata by …

Epicharinema Keralense N. Gen, N. Sp., And Comments On Atylenchinae And Ecphyadophorinae (Nemata : Tylenchidae), Dewey J. Raski, Armand R. Maggenti, Puthenkandathil K. Koshy, Varghese K. Sosamma

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Epicharinema keralense n. gen., n. sp. is described from nematodes collected from soil about the roots of coconut palm in Kerala, India. This genus is related to Ecphyadophora and Ecphyadophoroides but differs from both by virtue of its greater length; larger stylet, spicules and gubernaculum; and its well-developed metacorpus with a prominent valve. E. keralense n. gen., n. sp. also has an elongate, sinuous cleft connected to the amphid which, with the valve in its metacorpus, indicates these belong to the family Tylenchidae. Relationship with Atylenchus and Eutylenchus is also considered and comments on the subfamilies Atylenchinae and Ecphyadophorinae are …

Diatoms In The Gills Of The Commercial White Shrimp, Robin M. Overstreet, Susan Safford

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

A white shrimp from Galveston, Texas, is the first reported case of a crustacean internally infected by a diatom. Even though more than one species occurred in debris on and between gill filaments, only individuals of Amphora sp. occurred within gills. To determine if a related diatom would easily reproduce within the shrimp and cause. a host response similar to that observed, we injected cultured specimens of A. coffaeformis into white shrimp. Under the experimental conditions, individuals of that species did not divide, but they elicited an extensive melanistic host-response.

Cephalic Papillae Of Giant Kidney Nematode Dioctophyma Renale (Goeze, 1782) And Comparison With Eustrongylides Spp., J. R. Lichtenfels, P. A. Madden

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Cephalic papillae of third- and fifth-stage Dioctophyma renale and fourth- and fifth-stage Eustrongylides spp. were found to be of three kinds in addition to the amphids. In all the stages of both genera studied, six papillae were in an internal circle, six in an external circle, and eight to 10 in two lateral fields of four or five each between the internal and external circles. Amphids were closely associated with the externolateral papillae. Another porelike papilla was found between the ventroventral papillae in all but fifth-stage D. renale. In third-stage D. renale, lateral rows of somatic papillae were …

Epicharinema Keralense N. Gen, N. Sp., And Comments On Atylenchinae And Ecphyadophorinae (Nemata: Tylenchidae), Dewey J. Raski, Armand R. Maggenti, P. K. Koshy, V. K. Sosamma

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Epicharinema keralense n. gen., n. sp. is described from nematodes collected from soil about the roots of coconut palm in Kerala, India. This genus is related to Ecphyadophora and Ecphyadophoroides but differs from both by virtue of its greater length ; larger stylet, spicules and gubernaculum; and its well-developed metacorpus with a prominent valve. E. keralense n. gen., n. sp. also has an elongate, sinuous cleft connected to the amphid which, with the valve in its metacorpus, indicates these belong to the family Tylenchidae. Relationship with Atylenchus and Eutylenchus is also considered and comments on the subfamilies Atylenchinae and Ecphyadophorinae …

A New And Unusual Eimerian (Protozoa: Eimeriidae) From The Liver Of The Gulf Killifish, Fundulus Grandis, Donald W. Duszynski, Mobashir A. Solangi, Robin M. Overstreet

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Oocysts and sporocysts of Eimeria funduli sp. n. are described from the Gulf killifish, Fundulus grandis, on the basis of light microscopy, transmission and scanning electron microscopy, and location in the liver of infected hosts. The spherical sporulated oocysts of E. funduli isolated from liver tissue measure 20-31(25) μm across with ovoid sporocysts 9-11 × 5-7 (10 × 6) μm. A micropyle, polar granule, and oocyst residuum are absent, but sporocysts have Stieda and substieda bodies, a few residual granules, and 10-25 (15) unique projecting structures with expanded distal portions that we term “sporopodia.” Sporopodia 1-3 (2) μm high …

Agar Plate Culture Of Selected Trypanosomatidae, Amy Doran Keppel

School of Biological Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Summary

The study of trypanosomatid biology would benefit greatly from the acquisition of a tool for culturing such as those used in microbiology. Agar plate culture has been described several times, but until the present its potential for use in this area has been underestimated. The previous work has demonstrated that this culture method may be used to culture a wide variety of species, that these species give rise to identifiable colony phenotypes, and that these are stable regardless of the life cycle stage used to initiate the culture. It was also shown that colonies could be initiated from the …

Alveolar Hydatid Disease In Minnesota: First Human Case Acquired In The Contiguous United States, William G. Gamble, Martin Segal, Peter M. Schantz, Robert L. Rausch

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

A 56-year-old woman from southwestern Minnesota underwent an extended left hepatic lobectomy to remove a large multinodular mass with a necrotic central cavity. The clinical, serological, and pathological findings led to the diagnosis of alveolar hydatid disease, and specific identification of Echinococcus multilocularis was achieved by growing mature larvas in voles inoculated intraperitoneally with tissue from the hepatic lesions. The patient probably acquired her infection some years previously from pet cats or dogs that had become infected by ingesting infected rodents. In North America E. multilocularis is enzootic in the northern tundra zone of Alaska and Canada. Since 1964 the …

Nueva Especie Del Género Acanthobothrium Van Benedem 1849; Cestode: Tetraphyllidea De Myliobatis Peruvianus Garman 1913, Ruperto Severino L., Luz Sarmiento B.

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Se describe Acanthobothrium gonzalesmugaburoi n.sp. (Cestoda: Tetraphyllidea: Onchobotriidae) hallado en la válvula espiral de 10 ejemplares de "raya aguila" Myliobatis peruvianus Garman, 1913, procedentes del litoral peruano. Difiere de las demás especies del género, por el número y distribución de los testículos y por la longitud total del gancho. Huésped y localidad se señalan por primera vez.

Scanning And Transmission Electron Microscopy Of The Oocyst Wall Of Isospora Lacazei, Clarence A. Speer, Alan A. Marchiondo, Bodo Mueller, Donald W. Duszynski

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

The oocyst wall of Isospora lacazei from sparrows was studied with scanning (SEM) and transmission (TEM) electron microscopy. In TEM, t he oocyst wall consisted of four distinct layers (Ll-4). The innermost layer, Ll, was moderately electron-lucent and 240-285 nm thick; L2 was electronJense and 210-240 nm thick; L3 was moderately electron-lucent and 15-150 nm thick; L4, the outer most layer, was discontinuous and consisted of electron-dense discoid bodies which measured 180-220 nm x 320-840 nm. The discoid bodies of L4 as seen by TEM appeared spheroid in shape when observed by SEM. One or two membranes were situated on …

Endoparasites, John E. Ubelaker, Robert D. Specian, Donald W. Duszynski

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

The leaf-nosed bats of the New World family Phyllostomatidae occur from the southwestern United States through tropical Central and South America. Members of this family are also found throughout the Antilles. The ecological associations of the species in this family seem to be rather broad; species are found in humid tropical to semiarid and arid subtropical environments. Diversity in feeding is readily apparent ranging from nectivores (Glossophaga), frugivores (Artibeus), sanguivores (Desmodus), to omnivores (Phyllostomus) (see review by Glass, 1970; Gardner, this volume).

To understand better the biology of phyllostomatid bats, it is …

Differentiation Of Fourth And Early Fifth Stages Of Parascaris Equorum (Goeze, 1782) Nematoda: Ascaridoidea, P. A. Pilitt, J. R. Lichtenfels, P. A. Madden

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

The morphology of Parascaris equorum of horses was studied; light and scanning electron microscopy were used. Late fourth-stage larvae have narrow, rectangular lips bearing few, large. triangular, irregularly spaced denticles and the lips are not markedly set off from the body. The cutick of the late fourth stage is completely transversely striated, with incomplete longitudinal ridges creating a brickwork pattern; longitudinal alae are present. Total body lengths of fourth-stage larvae range from 10 to 32 mm. A single molting fourth-stage male was found to be 33 mm long. Early fifthstage nematodes have wide, trilobate lips with a deep transverse groove …

Paravitellotrema Overstreeti Sp. N. (Digenea: Hemiuridae) From The Colombian Freshwater Stingray Potamotrygon Magdalenae Dumeri, Daniel R. Brooks, Monte A. Mayers, Thomas B. Thorson

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Paravitellotrema overstreeti from the freshwater stingray Potamotrygon magdalenae in northern Colombia most closely resembles P. thorsoni by possessing a muscular sinus organ and sinus sac as well as exhibiting a saccate rather than elongate prostatic vesicle, It differs by possessing lobate rather than spherical vitellaria, a smaller sinus organ and sinus sac, elongate rather than diamond-shaped prostatic cells enclosed in a delicate membrane rather than free in the parenchyma, and a metraterm joining the hermaphroditic duct immediately anterior to the prostatic vesicle rather than at the base of the sinus organ,

Neopronocephalus Orientalis Sp. N. (Digenea: Pronocephalidae) And Spirhapalum Elongatum Rohde, Lee, And Lim, 1968 (Digenea: Spirorchiidae) From Cuora Amboinensis (Daudin) In Malaysia, Daniel R. Brooks, James R. Palmieri

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Neopronocephalus orientalis from Cuora amboinensis in Malaysia most closely resembles N. spinometraterminis from Kachuga tectum tentoria in India by possessing postovarian cecal tips and an average of more than 30 vitelline follicles, but differs by having equatorial rather than preequatorial testes which are mostly intercecal rather than extracecal and a slightly smaller cirrus sac, Neopronocephaius spinometraterminis purportedly has spines in the metraterm and a common genital pore, whereas N . orientalis exhibits nonstaining wrinkled epithelium lining the metraterm and separate genital pores. Spirhapalum elongatum was also collected from its type host near the type locality.

New Records For Amphibian And Reptile Trematodes, Daniel R. Brooks

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

From 1975 to 1978, 200 amphibians and reptiles from localities in Nebraska, Arkansas, Oklahoma, Louisiana, Mississippi, Florida, North Carolina, and West Virginia were examined for trematode parasites. This report provides additional information concerning the geographical distribution of North American amphibian and reptile trematodes. Some results have already been published (Brooks and Fusco, 1978, J. Miss. Acad. Sci. 23:95-99). Worms, removed from their hosts, were examined alive when possible, and fixed with AFA after flattening with slight coverslip pressure. Specimens were stored in 7{)1lO ethanol, then stained with Mayer's hematoxylin and mounted in Histoclad or Canada balsam for study as whole …

Differentiation Of Fourth And Early Fifth Stages Of Parascaris Equorum (Goeze, 1782) Nematoda: Ascaridoidea, P. A. Pilitt, J. R. Lichtenfels, P. A. Madden

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

The morphology of Parascaris equorum of horses was studied; light and scanning electron microscopy were used. Late fourth-stage larvae have narrow, rectangular lips bearing few, large . triangular, irregularly spaced denticles and the lips are not markedly set off from the body. The cuticle of the late fourth stage is completely transversely striated, with incomplete longitudinal ridges creating a brickwork pattern; longitudinal alae are present. Total body lengths of fourth-stage larvae range from 10 to 32 mm. A single molting fourth-stage male was found to be 33 mm long. Early fifthstage nematodes have wide, trilobate lips with a deep transverse …

Oligacanthorhynchus Lamasi (Freitas And Costa, 1964) Comb. N. From Domestic Cats Of Brazil, J. F.R. Amato, Brent B. Nickol, O. M. Froes

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Freitas and Costa (1964, Arq. Esc. Vet. Univ. Fed. Minas Gerais 16:231-234) described a new species, Echinopardalis lamasi, from two acanthocephalans (1 male, 1 female) of a cat, Felis domestica (=F. catus), captured in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. These specimens have been lost (Freitas, 1975, personal communication). Until two of 127 domestic cats, F. catus, from Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do SuI, captured between October 1973 and July 1976, were found to harbor respectively two and nine acanthocephalans conspecific with those described by Freitas and Costa, no additional specimens of this species were available for study. These new specimens assist …

A Filamentous Bacterium On The Brine Shrimp And Its Control, Mobashir A. Solangi, Robin M. Overstreet, Ann L. Gannam

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

A strain of a colorless, filamentous bacterium (tentatively identified as Leucothrix mucor) heavily infests the brine shrimp, Artemia salina. Its ultrastructure, unlike that of some other strains, does not reveal a distinct middle layer between its outer cell wall layer and cytoplasmic membrane, irregular blebs extending from the cell layers, or an external sheath. An entire infestation, represented as a mat of the bacterium with associated debris and microorganisms, sloughs from the shrimp when exposed to a variety of treatments. Primarily because most effective treatments are toxic to the shrimp, 100 ppm terramycin provides the treatment of choice.

Introduction: Harold W. Manter And Parasitology, Franklin Sogandares-Bernal

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Introductory remarks given by Franklin Sogandares-Bernal of Southern Methodist University at a symposium held at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, U.S.A., October 5-7, 1977, on host-parasite interfaces. An overview of the career of American parasitologist Harold Winfred Manter, whose career was spent as a professor at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, is presented.

Preface To Host-Parasite Interactions, Edited By Brent B. Nickol, Brent B. Nickol

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Preface to Host-Parasite Interactions, edited by Brent B. Nickol, proceedings of a symposium held at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, U.S.A., October 5-7, 1977.