Parasitology Commons^™

Polymorphism Of Eimerian Oocysts: A Dilemma Posed By Working With Some Naturally Infected Hosts, Brent B. Parker, Donald W. Duszynski

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

First paragraph:

Morphological variation of sporulated oocysts within individual eimerian species is well documented (Joyner, 1982. In Biology of the Coccidia, P. L. Long (editor). University Park Press, Baltimore, pages 35-62). In some cases, oocysts of a single eimerian species are known to vary in size by as much as 40% during patency (Duszynski, 1971, Journal of Parasitology 57: 948- 952). During a survey to determine the prevalence of coccidiosis in sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis) wintering in New Mexico (Parker and Duszynski, 1986, Journal of Wildlife Diseases 21: 25-35), marked polymorphism was observed among sporulated oocysts of …

Aspects Of Ecology And Biogeography Of Acanthocephala On Antarctic Seabirds [Données Écologiques Et Biogéographiques Sur Les Acantocéphales D’Oiseaux Marins Antarctiques], Eric P. Hoberg

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Four species of acanthocephalans are reported from seabirds, nototheniid fishes and gammaridean amphipods in the western Antarctic. Corynosoma hamanni (von Linstow, 1892) was found in Phalacrocorax atriceps King, Chionis alba (Gmelin), Larus dominicanus Lichtenstein, and Catharacta lonnbergi (Mathews). The complete life cycle of this acanthocephalan was elucidated: cysticanths develop in the haemocoel of a gammaridean amphipod, Pontogeneiella sp. of the family Eusiridae and presumably, following ingestion of parasitized amphipods, encyst in the body cavity of Antarctic fishes of several species. Corynosoma singularis Skriabin and Nikol’skii, 1971 was found only in P. atriceps. Corynosoma bullosum (von Linstow, 1892) occurred in both …

Cysts Resembling Hydatids In A Chicken, Gerald D. Schmidt, Robert L. Rausch

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Two large cysts recovered from the abdominal cavity of a domestic chicken superficially resembled hydatid cysts of Echinococcus spp. No protoscolices were present. Microscopic examination of the internal lining of one of the cysts revealed a single cuboidal to columnar, ciliated epithelium, leading to a diagnosis of oviduct cysts. Earlier records of hydatids of fowl are reviewed.

Spanish abstract: Reporte de Caso--Quistes en un pollo semejantes a la hidatidosis. Se encontraron dos quistes grandes en la cavidad abdominal de un pollo doméstico. Superficialmente los quistes parecían quistes hidatidícos de Echinococcus spp. No se encontraron escólecis o cabezas de la tenia. …

Two New Species Of Litomosoides (Nematoda: Onchocercidae) From Pocket Gophers (Rodentia: Geomyidae) In Colorado, Scott Lyell Gardner, Gerald D. Schmidt

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Two new species of nematodes representing the genus Litomosoides were obtained from pocket gophers collected in the early 1960s and during 1982 in Colorado. Individuals of Litomosoides thomomydis n. sp. were recovered from the abdominal cavities of two species of pocket gopher, Thomomys tulpoides (Richardson) and T. bottae (Eydoux & Gervais). Nematodes representing L. westi n. sp. were recovered from the abdominal and pleural cavities of the plains pocket gopher Geomys bursarius (Shaw) from eastern Colorado. These two species of filarioid nematodes appear to be restricted in geographical range to those pocket gophers inhabiting the central grasslands and …

Eimeria Halleri Sp. N. (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) From The Round Stingray, Urolophus Halleri (Rajiformes: Dasyatidae), Steve Upton, John Bristol, Scott Lyell Gardner, Donald W. Duszynski

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Eimeria halleri sp. n. (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) is described from the rectal contents ofthe round stingray, Urolophus halleri Cooper (Rajiformes: Dasyatidae) from Puerto Penasco, Mexico. Oocysts are spherical or subspherical, 16.9 x 16.8 (15.0-18.0 x 15.0-18.0) /μm, with a smooth, thin wall. Micropyle, polar granule, and oocyst residuum are absent. Sporocysts are ovoid, 11.1 x 6.8 (10.0-13.0 x 6.0-7.5) /μm and possess Stieda and substieda bodies. Sporozoites are comma-shaped, 9.9 x 3.2 (9.0-11.0 x 2.8-4.0) /μm and contain an ovoid posterior and a spherical anterior refractile body. The sporocyst residuum consists either of numerous finely granular particles scattered among the sporozoites …

Coccidiosis Of Sand Hill Cranes (Grus Canadensis) Wintering In New Mexico, Brent B. Parker, Donald W. Duszynski

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

The feces of 212 Sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis) collected in central New Mexico from October 1982 to January 1983 and from October 1983 to January 1984 were examined to determine the prevalence of coccidial oocysts. One hundred forty-five granulomatous nodules from the viscera of 64 cranes and samples of lung, small intestine, and large intestine from 58 birds were examined by light and transmission electron microscopy for the presence of intestinal or extraintestinal coccidiosis. Of the 212 fecal samples, 160 (75%) were positive for oocysts of Eimeria, including E. gruis in 139 (66%) and E. reichenowi in …

Eimerians From Different Karyotypes Of The Japanese Wood Mouse (Apodemus Spp.), With Descriptions Of Two New Species And A Redescription Of Eimeria Montgomeryae Lewis And Ball, 1983, Constance D. Wash, Donald W. Duszynski, Terry L. Yates

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Examination of 131 wood mice (Apodemus spp.) representing 2 species and 6 subspecies collected from the Japanese islands of Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu, and Tsushima showed that 70 mice (53%) had coccidian oocysts in their feces. These included 21 of 42 (50%) Apodemus argenteus argenteus; 7 of 14 (50%) Apodemus argenteus hokkaidi; 2 of 3 (67%) Apodemus argenteus sagax; 3 of 9 (33%) Apodemus speciosus ainu; 36 of 61 (59%) Apodemus speciosus speciosus; and 1 of 2 (50%) Apodemus speciosus tusimaensis. Four distinct coccidians were identified: Eimeria argenteus n. sp. from A. a. argenteus …

Phylogenetics And The Future Of Helminth Systematics, Daniel R. Brooks

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Phylogenetic systematics is a relatively new formal technique that increases the precision with which one can make direct estimates of the history of phylogenetic descent. These estimates are made in the form of phylogenetic trees, or cladograms. Cladograms may be converted directly into classifications or they may be used to test various hypotheses about the evolutionary process. More than 20 phylogenetic analyses of helminth groups have been published already, and these have been used to investigate evolutionary questions in developmental biology, biogeography, speciation, coevolution, and evolutionary ecology.

American Society Of Parasitologists Henry Baldwin Ward Medal Acceptance Speech, Daniel R. Brooks

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Transcript of American Society of Parasitologists Henry Baldwin Ward Medal acceptance speech, by Daniel R. Brooks, in 1985.

Eimeria Species (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) Infecting Peromyscus Rodents In The Southwestern United States And Northern Mexico With Description Of A New Species, David W. Reducker, Lynn Ann Hertel, Donald W. Duszynski

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Of 198 deermice (Peromyscus spp.) collected from various localities in the southwestern United States and northern Mexico, 106 (54%) had eimerian oocysts in their feces when examined. These included 50 of 106 (47%) Peromyscus truei, 34 of 54 (63%) Peromyscus maniculatus, 4 of 17 (24%) Peromyscus leucopus, and 18 of 21 (86%) Peromyscus eremicus. The following Eimeria were identified from infected mice: Eimeria arizonensis and Eimeria langebarteli from P. truei; E. arizonensis, Eimeria peromysci, and Eimeria delicata from P. maniculatus; E. arizonensis and Eimeria lachrymalis n. sp. from P. eremicus; …

Recovery Of Helminths From Prehistoric Feces: The Cultural Ecology Of Ancient Parasitism, Karl J. Reinhard

Karl Reinhard Publications

Several helminth parasites have been recovered from archaeological sites on the Colorado Plateau. These include Ascaris, Trichuris, Enterobius, Moniliformis, and tapeworms in the families Hymenolepidae and Taeniidae. The recovery of these animals demonstrates that cross-temporal: comparison of parasitism between different prehistoric lifestyles is possible. Such comparison might elucidate the effects of changing lifestyle and subsistance pattern on human parasitism.

Desiccated feces recovered from archaelogical deposits were studied. Hunter-gatherer feces were selected from Dust Devil Cave in southeastern Utah. Agriculturalist feces were studied from Antelope House, a cave site in northeastern Arizona, and Salmon Ruins, a Pueblo …

Helminth Parasites Of Thomomys Bulbivorus (Richardson) (Rodentia: Geomyidae), With The Description Of A New Species Of Hymenolepis (Cestoda), Scott Lyell Gardner

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

A cestode, Hymenolepis tualatinensis n. sp., is described from the pocket gopher, Thomomys bulbivorus (Richardson) (Rodentia: Geomyidae), from the Willamette Valley in Oregon. Helminths of four additional species were found. Trichuris fossor Hall, 1916, Ransomus rodentorum Hall, 1916, Heligmosomoides thomomyos Gardner and Jasmer, 1983, and Hymenolepis horrida (von Linstow, 1901), of which all but H. thomomyos represent new host records. A significant change in prevalence of the whipworm T. fossor in the population of T. bulbivorus from spring through summer was noted. Significant differences in prevalence of infection of helminths in pocket gophers collected from two different …

Coccidian Parasites (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) Of Microtus Spp. (Rodentia: Arvicolidae) From The United States, Mexico, And Japan, With Descriptions Of Five New Species, Tedman L. Vance, Donald W. Duszynski

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Beginning in July 1980, 149 voles (Microtus spp.) representing 9 species and 14 subspecies collected in Japan, Mexico and the United States were examined for coccidia; 67 (45%) had oocysts in their feces. These included 1 of 3 (33%) M. californicus sactidiegi; 0 of 1 M. longicaudus longicaudus; 0 of 1 M. l. macrurus; 48 of 111 (43%) M. mexicanus including 11 of 26 (42%) M. m. fulviventer, 1 of 2 (50%) M. m. fundatus, 13 of 31 (42%) M. m. mexicanus, 1 of 4 (25%) M. m. mogollonensis and 22 of 48 …

Reticulotaenia N. Gen. For Lateriporus Australis Jones And Williams, 1967, And Lateriporus Mawsoni Prudhoe, 1969 (Cestoda: Dilepididae), From Sheathbills, Chionis Spp., In Antarctica, With A Consideration Of Infraspecific Variation And Speciation, Eric P. Hoberg

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Reticulotaenia n. gen. was established in the family Dilepididae for two species of cestodes, formerly referred to Lateriporus Fuhrmann, 1907, that are characteristic helminths in sheathbills, Chionis spp., in Antarctica. The new genus was most similar to Lateriporus and Dilepis Weinland, 1858, but was easily distinguished from these and other genera of Dilepidinae having a unilateral genital pore. The salient features of Reticulotaenia were a rostellum armed with a single row of 10 hooks, a vaginal sphincter, and a reticulate ovary and uterus. Reticulotaenia australis (Jones and Williams, 1967) n. comb. was redescribed on the basis of specimens from Chionis …

Eimeria From Bats Of The World: A New Species In Tomopeas Ravus From Peru, Donald W. Duszynski, Linda J. Barkley

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Two of 17 (12%) crevice bats, Tomopeas ravus (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae), from Peru had coccidian oocysts in their feces when examined. Sporulated oocysts of Eimeria tomopea n. sp. are ellipsoid to subspheroid, 30.6 x 24.6 (26-34 x 20-28) μm with ovoid sporocysts 13.9 x 9.0 (12-15 x 8-10) μm. A micropyle and substieda body are absent, but polar bodies, oocyst and sporocyst residua, and small, indistinct Stieda bodies are present. The oocyst wall is thick, ≈1.5 μm and consists of 2 layers, the outermost being rough and mammillated. This is only the 13th eimerian to be described from bats worldwide. The …

Presidential Address: Parasitology: Retrospect And Prospect, Robert L. Rausch, Gerald D. Schmidt

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Transcript of the presidential address given by Dr. Robert L. Rausch, of the University of Washington, at the 59th Annual Meeting, American Society of Parasitologists, August 9, 1984, in Snowbird, Utah, with a transcript of introductory remarks given by Dr. Gerald D. Schmidt, of the University of Northern Colorado.

Modification Of Sand Fly Biting Behavior By Leishmania Leads To Increased Parasite Transmission, Raymond Beach, Gabriel Kjilu, Johannis Leeuwenberg

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Library Materials

To attempt rodent-sand fly-rodent transmission of Leishmania major, laboratory-reared Phlebotomus doboscqi were fed on L. major-infected mice and then refed on uninfected mice 21 days later. Flies which refed either probed 1–2 times and took a full blood meal in less than 10 minutes or probed 3 or more times and took little or no blood during a period of 15 minutes or more. When dissected, 7 of 8 flies which experienced difficulty in obtaining a blood meal had flagellates in their cibaria, an observation supporting the hypothesis that parasites in this part of the alimentary canal modify normal …

Development And Life Cycles, Gerald D. Schmidt

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Embryological development and biology of the Acanthocephala occupied the attention of several early investigators. Most notable among these were Leuckart (1862), Schneider (1871), Hamann (1891 a) and Kaiser (1893). These works and others, including his own observations, were summarized by Meyer (1933) in the monograph celebrated by the present volume. For this reason findings of these early researchers are not discussed further, except to say that it would be difficult to find more elegant, detailed and correct studies of acanthocephalan ontogeny than those published by these pioneers.

Since Meyer's monograph, many studies have been published on most aspects of …

A List Of Records Of Freshwater Aspidogastrids (Trematoda) And Their Hosts In North America, Sherman S. Hendrix, Malcolm F. Vidrine, Raymond H. Hartenstine

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Published records for the six species of North American freshwater aspidogastrid trematodes from molluscs and vertebrates have been compiled, listing both hosts and localities for state or province. Seventeen new unionid mussel hosts (Bivalvia) are reported for Aspidogaster conchicola along with new state records for Arkansas, Connecticut, Delaware, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, New York, Virginia, and San Luis Potosi (Mexico); 12 new unionid host species for Cotylaspis insignis, with new state records for Arkansas, Delaware, Massachusetts, Mississippi, New Jersey, Rhode Island, and Wisconsin; five new unionid hosts for Cotylogaster occidentalis, with new state records for Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, …

Nearshore Foodwebs And The Distribution Of Acanthocephalan Parasites In Antarctic Seabirds, Eric P. Hoberg

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Field studies, in the vicinity of Palmer Station during the austral summer of 1982— 1983, yielded an extensive collection of acanthocephalans and other parasites from seabirds, fish and invertebrates. The continuing analysis of this material has resulted in the elucidation of factors that control the occurrence of Corynosoma spp. in Antarctic seabirds. Notably, the host-distribution of Corynosoma spp. suggested that these parasites were being acquired from piscine or possibly amphipod prey, generally in nearshore habitats.

Introduction [To Biology Of The Acanthocephala], Brent B. Nickol

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Introduction to Biology of the Acanthocephala, edited by D.W.T. Crompton and Brent B. Nickol; Cambridge University Press, 1985.

Development And Life Cycles: [Chapter 8 In Biology Of The Acanthocephala], Gerald D. Schmidt, Brent B. Nickol

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Embryological development and biology of the Acanthocephala occupied the attention of several early investigators. Most notable among these were Leuckart (1862), Schneider (1871), Hamann (1891a) and Kaiser (1893). These works and others, including his own observations, were summarized by Meyer (1933) in the monograph celebrated by the present volume. For this reason findings of these early researchers are not discussed further, except to say that it would be difficult to find more elegant, detailed and correct studies of acanthocephalan ontogeny than those published by these pioneers.

Since Meyer's monograph, many studies have been published on most aspects of the biology …

Epizootiology: [Chapter 9 In Biology Of The Acanthocephala], Brent B. Nickol

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

In practice, epizootiology deals with how parasites spread through host populations, how rapidly the spread occurs and whether or not epizootics result. Prevalence, incidence, factors that permit establishment of infection, host response to infection, parasite fecundity and methods of transfer are, therefore, aspects of epizootiology. Indeed, most aspects of a parasite could be related in sorne way to epizootiology, but many of these topics are best considered in other contexts. General patterns of transmission, adaptations that facilitate transmission, establishment of infection and occurrence of epizootics are discussed in this chapter.

When life cycles are unknown, little progress can be made …

The Pentastomid Sebekia Mississippiensis Sp. N. In The American Alligator And Other Hosts, Robin M. Overstreet, J. Teague Self, Kent A. Vliet

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Sebekia mississippiensis sp. n. is described from Alligator mississippiensis in Louisiana, Mississippi, and Florida. Closely related to S. oxycephala in South American crocodilians, it differs by having a smaller and less spinous hook shield, a broader base for the posterior extensions of the oral cadre. and a thinner and more delicate tegument. The male reproductive system differs somewhat from that described for other pentastomids. Nymphs parasitize several fishes as well as turtles, snakes, and mammals.

Effects Of Space Shuttle Exhaust Plumes On Gills Of Some Estuarine Fishes: A Light And Electron Microscopic Study, William E. Hawkins, Robin M. Overstreet, Mark J. Provancha

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

The first few launches of the space shuttle resulted in fish kills in a lagoon near the launch site. To study this phenomenon further, sheepshead minnow (Cyprinodon variegatus), sailfin molly (Poecilia latipinna), and mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis) were exposed to the exhaust plume in buckets placed near the launch site. An open bucket provided a full exposure, a partly closed one provided an intermediate exposure, and a closed one was the control. Three h after launch, the pH of the water from the full exposure had decreased from about 7 to about 3, Al and …

A New Gall-Forming Species Of Anguina Scopoli, 1777 (Nemata: Anguinidae) On Bluegrass, Poa Annua L., From The Coast Of California, I. Cid Del Prado Vera, Armand R. Maggenti

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Anguina pacificae n. sp. is described and illustrated from stem galls on bluegrass, Poa annua L., from golf courses along coastal California. The females are characterized by constrictions in the anterior and posterior connections of the isthmus with the respective parts of the esophagus, the long multicellular columella, and the sharply pointed tail tip. Males are dorsally curved after death; body width is increased markedly after 13 annuli in both sexes, and the tail is conical and with an acute terminus.

In Memoriam: Konstantin Minaevich Ryzhikov, 1912-1983, Robert L. Rausch

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Obituary of Konstantin Minaevich Ryzhikov, 1912-1983.

Alcataenia Pygmaeus Sp. N. (Cestoda: Dilepididae) From The Whiskered Auklet, Aethia Pygmaea, In The Western Aleutian Islands, Alaska, With A Comment On The Genera Alcataenia And Rissotaenia, Eric P. Hoberg

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Alcataenia pygmaeus sp. n. is described from whiskered auklets, Aethia pygmaea (Gmelin), from the western Aleutian Islands, Alaska. It is distinguished from its congeners by the overall small size of the strobila and a combination of other characters. The rostellum is armed with 34-38 hooks that measure 41-49 µm in length. The cirrus sac is relatively short, 101-174 µm in length, and reaches or just crosses the poral osmoregulatory canals. There are 36-50 testes located entirely posterior to the female organs. The scolex is deeply embedded in the mucosal tissue of the duodenum of the host. This is the first …

Discobothrium Caribbensis Sp. N., A Lecanicephalidean Cestode From A Yellow-Spotted Stingray, Urolophus Jamaicensis, In Jamaica, Scott Lyell Gardner, Gerald D. Schmidt

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Discobothrium caribbensis sp. n. (Lecanicephalidea) is described from the spiral valve of the yellow- spotted stingray, Urolophus jamaicensis from Jamaica. The new species is the only member of the genus described with four testes. It is most similar in number of testes to D. japonicum Yamaguti, 1934, which has six testes and a myzorhynchus. A myzorhynchus is absent in D. caribbensis.

Ultrastructure Of The Interface Between Stages Of Eimeria Funduli (Apicomplexa) And Hepatocytes Of The Longnose Killifish, Fundulus Similis, William E. Hawkins, John W. Fournie, Robin M. Overstreet

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

The interface between stages of Eimeria funduli and hepatocytes of the experimentally infected killifish Fundulus similis was studied ultrastructurally. Parasitophorous vacuoles (PV's) in which meronts, macrogamonts, and microgamonts developed were lined by an inner, smooth membrane and an outer, ribosome-studded membrane. The outer membrane bordered on the cytoplasm of the host cell, whereas the inner one limited the PV. The origins of these membranes have not been determined with certainty, but images were observed in which both membranes appeared to be continuous with the outer nuclear membrane of the host cell. Furthermore, the outer PV membrane was continuous with membranes …