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Evolution

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Articles 31 - 33 of 33

Full-Text Articles in Genetics

Divergent Functions Of The Myotubularin (Mtm) Homologs Atmtm1 And Atmtm2 In Arabidopsis Thaliana: Evolution Of The Plant Mtm Family, Yong Ding, Ivan Ndamukong, Yang Zhao, Yuannan Xia, Jean-Jack Riethoven, David R. Jones, Nullin Divecha, Zoya Avramova Jan 2012

Divergent Functions Of The Myotubularin (Mtm) Homologs Atmtm1 And Atmtm2 In Arabidopsis Thaliana: Evolution Of The Plant Mtm Family, Yong Ding, Ivan Ndamukong, Yang Zhao, Yuannan Xia, Jean-Jack Riethoven, David R. Jones, Nullin Divecha, Zoya Avramova

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

Myotubularin and myotubularin-related proteins are evolutionarily conserved in eukaryotes. Defects in their function result in muscular dystrophy, neuronal diseases, and leukemia in humans. In contrast to the animal lineage, where genes encoding both active and inactive myotubularins (phosphoinositide 3-phosphatases) have appeared and proliferated in the basal metazoan group, myotubularin genes are not found in the unicellular relatives of green plants. However, they are present in land plants encoding proteins highly similar to the active metazoan enzymes. Despite their remarkable structural conservation, plant and animal myotubularins have significantly diverged in their functions. While loss of myotubularin function causes severe disease phenotypes …


Evolution Acts On Enhancer Organization To Fine-Tune Gradient Threshold Readouts, Justin Crocker, Yoichiro Tamori, Albert Erives Nov 2008

Evolution Acts On Enhancer Organization To Fine-Tune Gradient Threshold Readouts, Justin Crocker, Yoichiro Tamori, Albert Erives

Dartmouth Scholarship

The elucidation of principles governing evolution of gene regulatory sequence is critical to the study of metazoan diversification. We are therefore exploring the structure and organizational constraints of regulatory sequences by studying functionally equivalent cis-regulatory modules (CRMs) that have been evolving in parallel across several loci. Such an independent dataset allows a multi-locus study that is not hampered by nonfunctional or constrained homology. The neurogenic ectoderm enhancers (NEEs) of Drosophila melanogaster are one such class of coordinately regulated CRMs. The NEEs share a common organization of binding sites and as a set would be useful to study the relationship …


Three Linked Enzyme Loci In Fishes: Implications In The Evolution Of Vertebrate Chromosomes, D C Morizot, D A Wright, M J Siciliano Jul 1977

Three Linked Enzyme Loci In Fishes: Implications In The Evolution Of Vertebrate Chromosomes, D C Morizot, D A Wright, M J Siciliano

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

A three-point linkage group comprised of loci coding for adenosine deaminase (ADA), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), and 6-phospho-gluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD) is described in fish of the genus Xiphophorus (Poeciliidae). The alleles at loci in this group were shown to assort independently from the alleles at three other loci--isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and 2, and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1. Alleles at the latter three loci also assort independently from each other. Data were obtained by observing the segregation of electrophoretically variant alleles in reciprocal backcross hybrids derived from crosses between either X. helleri guentheri or X. h. strigatus and X. maculatus. The linkage component …