Genetics and Genomics Commons^™

Approximation Methods For Singular Diffusions Arising In Genetics, Nacer E. Abrouk

Mathematical Sciences Technical Reports (MSTR)

Stochastic models in population genetics leading to diffusion equations are considered. When the drift and the square of the diffusion coefficients are polynomials, an infinite system of ordinary differential equations for the moments of the diffusion process can be derived using the Martingale property. An example is provided to show how the classical Fokker-Planck Equation approach may not be appropriate for this derivation. A Gauss-Galerkin method for approximating the laws of the diffusion, originally proposed by Dawson (1980), is examined. In the few special cases for which exact solutions are known, comparison shows that the method is accurate and the …

The Introduction And Translocation Of Fish, Crustaceans And Molluscs In Western Australia., Craig Lawrence

Fisheries Management Papers

This paper discusses three possible impacts of introduced and translocated aquatic organisms: 1. Genetic diversity 2. Pathogens 3 Ecosystem Conservation, in relation to costs and benefits to the community and the Western Australian environment.

Estimation Of The Incidence Of A Rare Genetic Disease Through A Two-Tier Mutation Survey, R Chakraborty, M R Srinivasan, S Raskin

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Recent attempts to detect mutations involving single base changes or small deletions that are specific to genetic diseases provide an opportunity to develop a two-tier mutation-screening program through which incidence of rare genetic disorders and gene carriers may be precisely estimated. A two-tier survey consists of mutation screening in a sample of patients with specific genetic disorders and in a second sample of newborns from the same population in which mutation frequency is evaluated. We provide the statistical basis for evaluating the incidence of affected and gene carriers in such two-tier mutation-screening surveys, from which the precision of the estimates …

Artificial Insemination Of Ewes With Frozen Semen, David Windsor

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

The judicious use of artificial insemination (Al) of ewes with frozen semen by ram breeders offers substantial gains for wool producers, but it promises even greater benefits if it can be used more widely within commercial breeding flocks.

In the Western Australian dairy industry, for example, genetic gains between 1971 and /986 are estimated to have been three times as great in herds bred by Al as in herds that were mated naturally.

Sheep And Wool Industries Need To Improve Their Performance, Rob Kelly, Tim Marshall

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Today in Western Australia, sheep are run at slightly higher stocking rates, are achieving greater lambing percentages (up JO per cent) and higher wool cuts per animal ( up 0. 6 kg greasy) than in the 1960s. When all components of production are considered, the productivity of sheep fanns has increased by 2. 7 per cent per year over the past 35 years.

The challenge of the next decade is to achieve substantially greater rates of improvement than for past years if the sheep and wool industries are to maintain their significant place in Western Australian agriculture.

A Family Showing No Evidence Of Linkage Between The Ataxia Telangiectasia Gene And Chromosome, D. Hernandez, C. M. Mcconville, Michael W. Stacy, C. G. Woods, M. M. Brown, P. Shutt, G. Rysiecki, A. M. R. Taylor

Bioelectrics Publications

We have studied an inbred family in which two cousins presented with the same clinical features of ataxia telangiectasia (AT). Both patients are still ambulatory at ages 25 and 20. Cellular features of both patients are typical of AT and include increased radiosensitivity and an increased level of spontaneously occurring chromosome aberrations in peripheral blood lymphocytes. Linkage studies and haplotype analysis show no clear evidence that the gene for AT in this family is on chromosome 11q22-23. As previously reported AT families from complementation groups AB, C, and D have all shown linkage to this region of 11q22-23. Our study …

Model Consent Forms For Dna Linkage Analysis And Storage, Roger B. Dworkin, R. L. Gold, R. R. Lebel, E. A. Mearns, T Hadro, J. K. Burns

Articles by Maurer Faculty

No abstract provided.

Detection Of Point Mutations In The Dystrophin Gene, John Pedretti

Theses : Honours

The dystrophin gene has been localised to Xp 21.1. Mutations of this gene can lead to the clinical manifestations of Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophies (DMD/BMD). In the majority of DMD and BMD patients the disease-causing mutation is a deletion detectable by southern analysis or multiplex PCR, however in 30% of patients no deletion is observed using these conventional tests. Using PCR amplification of cDNA it was possible to detect a deletion in the product of the dystrophin gene of one such individual affected with BMD. It was then necessary to characterise the mutation in order to determine whether this …

Sjögren-Larsson Syndrome: Genetic Studies And Biochemical Characterization Of Human Fatty Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Todd L. Kelson

Theses and Dissertations

Sjögren-Larsson syndrome (SLS) is an autosomal recessive disorder due to deficiency of the fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase (FALDH) component of fatty alcohol:NAD⁺ oxidoreductase (FAO). We investigated the enzymatic defect in SLS in order to elucidate the role of FALDH in fatty aldehyde and fatty alcohol metabolism.

Genetic studies were performed to investigate carrier detection for SLS. Cultured skin fibroblasts from normal controls, SLS obligate heterozygotes, and SLS homozygotes were assayed for FAO and FALDH activities using 18-carbon substrates. In SLS homozygotes, mean FAO and FALDH activities were 8% of normal, and there was no overlap between the homozygote and heterozygote …

Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Sec59 Cells Are Deficient In Dolichol Kinase Activity, Loree Heller, Peter Orlean, W. Lee Adair Jr.

Bioelectrics Publications

The temperature-sensitive Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutant sec59 accumulates inactive and incompletely glycosylated protein precursors in its endoplasmic reticulum at the restrictive temperature. O-mannosylation and glycosyl phosphatidylinositol membrane anchoring of protein are also abolished, consistent with a deficiency in dolichyl phosphate mannose. Membranes prepared from sec59 cells that had been shifted to the restrictive temperature, however, made normal amounts of dolichyl phosphate mannose when exogenous dolichyl phosphate was supplied, but dolichyl phosphate mannose synthesis was severely depressed in the absence of exogenous dolichyl phosphate. Quantitative measurements of dolichyl phosphate in sec59 cells showed that the levels were decreased to 48% of wild …

Genetics And Applications Of Nisin Production In Lactococcus Lactis Subsp. Lactis And Conjugal Exchange Of This Trait, Jeffery R. Broadbent

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Chapter I reviews current literature on gene transfer systems in lactic acid bacteria, how genetically altered microorganisms for food are presently regulated, and how nisin is used as a food preservative.

Chapter II investigates previous reports which linked genes for nisin biosynthesis and sucrose utilization (Nip⁺Suc⁺) to plasmid DNA in two well characterized L. lactis subsp. lactis strains. Plasmid curing studies, conjugations, and DNA-DNA hybridizations indicated that these genes were encoded by chromosomal loci in all Nip⁺Suc⁺ strains examined. Similar results were noted in nisin-sucrose transconjugants of L. lactis subsp. cremoris and S. …

Biochemical Systematics Of Notothenioid Fishes From Antarctica, Mara A. Mcdonald, Michael H. Smith, Michael W. Smith, James M. Novak, Paul E. Johns, Arthur L. Devries

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

Genetic variation at 30 protein-coding loci was examined in seven forms of notothenioid fishes from Antarctica. Multilocus heterozygosity varied from 0.018 to 0.078 across taxa. An analysis of the allozyme data revealed the probable existence of an unrecognized cryptic species within Trematomu5 bemacchii. Pagothenia borchgrevinki is as closely related to some species of Trematomus as are some species of Trematomus to each other. Speciation among the species of Trematomus and Pagothenia appears to have taken place primarily after the separation of Antarctica from Australia.

Embryo Transfer In Sheep, Andras Szell

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

The application of artificial breeding in the sheep industry has increased substantially over the past decade.

This article outlines the potential uses and benefits of embry transfer in sheep and describes the procedures involved.

Breeding Better Malting Barleys, Ross Gilmour, Allen Tarr, Stefan Harasymow

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Development of new barley cultivars in Western Australia has substantially improved the grain yield and quality of the State's barley crop. This has increased returns to barley growers and enhanced Western Australia's reputation in export markets as a major supplier of barley for malting and feed.

The State exports more than 200, 000 t of malting barley, 60, 000 t of barley malt and 150, 000 t of feed barley each year.

The major challenge for the future is to develop new, high yielding cultivars with improved malting quality.

In this article, the authors discuss the achievements of the past; …

Mitochondrial Transfer Rna Genes In A Black Fly, Simulium Vittatum (Diptera: Simuliidae), Indicate Long Divergence From Mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae) And Fruit Fly (Diptera: Drosophilidae), K. P. Pruess, X. Zhu, T. O. Powers

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Sequences are given for nine complete genes and one partial mitochondrial tRNA gene of the black fly, Simulium vittatum (Zetterstedt). Sequenced tRNA genes were for alanine, arginine, asparagine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glycine, leucine(CUN), lysine, serine(AGN), and valine. Nucleotides were aligned with the same previously sequenced genes in Aedes albopictus Skuse and Drosophila yakuba Burla. A cluster of six tRNA genes, which differ in arrangement in Ae. albopictus and D. yakuba, was amplified by PCR and found to have the same position and orientation in S. vittatum as in D. yakuba. Overall, similarity with either D. yakuba or …

Multiple Alleles And Estimation Of Genetic Parameters: Computational Equations Showing Involvement Of All Alleles, R Chakraborty

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), through their complex cargo, can reflect the state of their cell of origin and change the functions and phenotypes of other cells. These features indicate strong biomarker and therapeutic potential and have generated broad interest, as evidenced by the steady year‐on‐year increase in the numbers of scientific publications about EVs. Important advances have been made in EV metrology and in understanding and applying EV biology. However, hurdles remain to realising the potential of EVs in domains ranging from basic biology to clinical applications due to challenges in EV nomenclature, separation from non‐vesicular extracellular particles, characterisation and functional …

Statistical Interpretation Of Dna Typing Data, R Chakraborty

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Inclusion Of Data On Relatives For Estimation Of Allele Frequencies, R Chakraborty

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

The Future For Recreational Fishing Final Report Of The Recreational Fishing Advisory Committee, Recreational Fishing Advisory Committee

Fisheries Management Papers

This report discusses: What Recreational fishing means to Western Australia's estimated 300,000 fishers. Conservation and equality in catch sharing was at the heart of the Committee's investigations into developing strategies for the future management of important recreational fish stocks.

The Wokalup Beef Cattle Selection Experiment, Alan Lymbery, Mick Carrick, Patrick Donnelly

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

The aim of the Department of Agriculture's long-term beef cattle selection experiment at Wokalup is to examine the effects of selection for faster-growing cattle on biological traits that may influence the productivity of a commercial beef herd. Selection lines were established from Hereford and multibreed cattle in 1977. Twelve years of selection have produced an increase in growth rate to weaning of about 120 g per day in both lines. About 40 per cent of this increase is the result of permanent genetic improvement.

We plan to compare these characteristics in cattle from the selection lines with cattle that have …

A Temperature-Sensitive Mutant Of Escherichia Coli Affected In The Alpha Subunit Of Rna Polymerase, Majid Mehrpouyan

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

A temperature-sensitive mutant of Escherichia coli affected in the alpha subunit of RNA polymerase has been investigated. Gene mapping and complementation experiments placed the mutation to temperature-sensitivity within the alpha operon at 72 min on the bacterial chromosome. The rate of RNA synthesis in vivo and the accumulation of ribosomal RNA were significantly reduced in the mutant at 44$\sp\circ$C. The thermostability at 44$\sp\circ$C of the purified holoenzyme from mutant cells was about 20% of that of the normal enzyme. Assays with T7 DNA as a template showed that the fraction of active enzyme competent for transcription was reduced as a …

The Use Of Synthetic Oligodeoxyribonucleotides In Direct Analysis Of Single Nucleotide Variations And Inhibition Of Eukaryotic Gene Expression, Daniel Y. Wu

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The present thesis work contributes to two areas of molecular genetics, namely the development of methods for identifying single nucleotides and the understanding of the mechanism by which antisense oligonucleotides inhibit eukaryotic gene expression. Three single nucleotide detection methods are presented. The first method utilizes hybridization with synthetic oligonucleotide probes to detect single or multiple nucleotide differences between alleles in genomic DNA without electrophoretic separation. Total genomic DNA (either digested or undigested with restriction endonucleases) was immobilized in depressions in an agarose gel (in situ dots) and hybridized with radiolabeled, allele-specific oligonucleotide probes. We show that this method can be …

Bulletin No 4187 - Choosing Commercial Beef Bulls, David Barker

Bulletins 4000 -

This bulletin provides a method of placing realistic differences in value on young bulls offered for sale.

The prices paid for young bulls are often based on superficial appearance alone, and this has important financial implications for the purchaser. Different characteristics have either large or small effects on the net value of progeny produced. They are dependent on such factors as: the variability of different characteristics in cattle; differences in reliability of the assessment; the extent to which the characteristic is passed on to the progeny; the effect of the characteristic on realized net value of the progeny; the effect …

Differences Between Merino Strains And Studs, Roger Lewer

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

When commercial wool growers select Merino rams they often use the following pattern: the buyers first consider the main strains of Merinos in Western Australia - Bungaree, Collinsville and Peppin. They then study the 550 studs and numerous non-stud ram breeders in this State. Having chosen a breeder, they examine the rams on offer and buy their annual requirements from among these. Until recently, no objective information has been available on the differences between studs and strains in Western Australia's agricultural areas. However, as part of a major study at the Department of Agriculture's Great Southern Agricultural Research Institute, these …

Molecular And Cytogenetic Characterization Of De Novo Acrocentric Rearrangements In Humans, Lisa Gail Shaffer

Theses and Dissertations

I have studied 26 children who have a de novo rearrangement of the acrocentric chromosomes in order to understand the formation of these aberrations. The families include '25 probands ascertained for Robertsonian-type translocations, 13 between nonhomologous chromosomes and 12 between homologs, and one rea(21;21)(q22;q22). The parental origins of the de novo rearrangements were determined in 26/26 families using QFQ and NOR variants and/or RFLP analyses. While there was no overall difference in the sex distribution of the parents of origin, there were more maternally derived nonhomologous ("true" Robertsonian) translocations (8 mat: 5 pat) and more paternally derived homologous rearrangements (4 …

Preliminary Agronomic Evaluation And Characterization Of The Genetic Resources Of Trifolium And Ornithopus Species., R. Snowball

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Trial 91MD13

Location: Medina Vegetable Research Station

To evaluate and characterize new and old collections of Trifolium and Ornithopus species.

To regenerate lines to provide sufficient seed of high quality for long term storage in the Australian Trifolium Genetic Resource Centre (ATGRC).

Can Genetically Engineered Crops Become Weeds?, Kathleen H. Keeler

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

There are significant differences if the distribution of weedy characteristics among weeds, normal plants, and crops. The world’s most serious weeds possess on the average 10 or 11 of these characters, a random collection of British plants have an average seven of the traits, and crop plants only five. For the average crop to become as “weedy” as the average weed, it would need to acquire five weedy traits. Even using the unlikely assumption that those traits are single loci in which a dominant mutation would provide the weedy character, this would require the simultaneous acquisition of five gene substitutions. …

Micronuclear Genome Organization In Euplotes Crassus: A Transposonlike Element Is Removed During Macronuclear Development, Scott Everet Baird, Gina M. Fino, Susan L. Tausta, Lawrence A. Klobutcher

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

After mating, hypotrichous ciliated protozoa transform a set of their micronuclear chromosomes into thousands of short, linear DNA molecules that form the macronuclear genome. To examine micronuclear genome organization in the hypotrich Euplotes crassus, we have analyzed two cloned segments of micronuclear DNA as well as the macronuclear DNA molecules that are derived from them. E. crassus was found to display a number of features characteristic of other hypotrich genomes, including (i) clustering and close spacing of the precursors of macronuclear DNA molecules, (ii) the frequent occurrence of internal eliminated sequences within macronuclear precursors, (iii) overlapping macronuclear precursors, (iv) lack …

The Paradigm Of Huntington Disease, John B. Jenkins, P. M. Conneally

Biology Faculty Works

No abstract provided.

Southern Demersal Gillnet And Longline Fishery., Management Advisory Committee

Fisheries Management Papers

In its report to the Ministier for Fisheries in November 1986, the Southern Western Australian Shark Working Group recommended the establishment of an Industry/Government Mangement Advisory Committee to provide managememt advice on the fishery to the Minister for Fisheries. The Advisory Committee held its first meeting in Albany on 23 February 1989. After being briefed on the state of shark stocks, the Committee's deliberations fell into three broad categories. In the first category there was sufficient time and information available to make a recommendation to the Minister for Fisheries. In the second category, discussion commenced, but was held over to …