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2004

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Articles 121 - 150 of 176

Full-Text Articles in Forest Sciences

Determining The Effects Of Vibration Parameters And Packaging Method On Mechanical Damage In Golden Delicious Apples, Kubi̇lay K. Vursavuş, Faruk Özgüven Jan 2004

Determining The Effects Of Vibration Parameters And Packaging Method On Mechanical Damage In Golden Delicious Apples, Kubi̇lay K. Vursavuş, Faruk Özgüven

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

This research was conducted to evaluate the effects of vibration frequency, vibration acceleration, packaging method, and vibration duration on the mechanical damage during apple transportation. The research was performed in 3 stages. Firstly, vibration frequency and vibration acceleration were measured on the truck-bed for determining the vibration frequency and acceleration distribution. Secondly, packaging transmissibility and vibration frequency sensitivity for all the packaging methods used in this research were measured. Thirdly, a laboratory vibrator, which simulates the road transportation under laboratory conditions, was used to obtain some factors influencing the mechanical damage during apple transportation. According to the results measured on …

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Comparison Of Irrigation Performance Based On The Basin, Crop Pattern, And Scheme Sizes Using External Indicators, Hasan Merdun Jan 2004

Comparison Of Irrigation Performance Based On The Basin, Crop Pattern, And Scheme Sizes Using External Indicators, Hasan Merdun

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

A comparative assessment allows screening of irrigation systems based on the key issues relative to performance and indicates where improvements should be made, such as in type of management, infrastructure, crop pattern and intensity, and system size. The objective of this study was to assess the performance of 239 irrigation schemes (57 DSI-operated and 182 transferred to Irrigation Associations) based on the basin, crop pattern, and scheme sizes using 6 external indicators for 2001. The basins that grow mostly orchard and industrial crops have higher output per unit land and water than that of the basins that mostly grow cereals. …

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In Vitro Propagation Of Some New Banana Types (Musa Spp.), Hami̇de Gübbük, Mustafa Pekmezci̇ Jan 2004

In Vitro Propagation Of Some New Banana Types (Musa Spp.), Hami̇de Gübbük, Mustafa Pekmezci̇

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Three newly selected superior banana types were used to study the effects of different cytokinin and auxins on shoot multiplication and rooting. Benzylaminopurine [(BAP) (5, 10, 20 and 30 µM)] and thidiazuron [(TDZ) (0.4, 1, 2 and 3 µM)] were tested alone and with 1 µM indoleacetic acid (IAA) for the propagation stage. We compared basal Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium, active charcoal (5 g l^{-1}), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) for rooting. Shoot proliferation and elongation were significantly greater with TDZ than with BAP all 3 types. Furthermore, each cytokinin with IAA increased shoot proliferation and elongation …

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Correlation And Path Coefficient Analyses Of Seed Yield Components In The Narbon Bean (Vicia Narbonensis L.), Celal Yücel Jan 2004

Correlation And Path Coefficient Analyses Of Seed Yield Components In The Narbon Bean (Vicia Narbonensis L.), Celal Yücel

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The purpose of this research was to evaluate phenotypic correlation coefficents between seed yield per plant and some yield components, and to determine the direct and indirect effect of 6 components on seed yield per plant in narbon bean (Vicia narbonensis L.) lines. The research was conducted in the area of the Field Crops Research Training Center of the University of Çukurova, in Adana, Turkey, in the 1996/97 and 1997/98 crop years. The randomized complete blocks design with 3 replications was used. Positive and statistically significant (p

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Insect Growth Regulators For Insect Pest Control*, Hasan Tunaz, Nedi̇m Uygun Jan 2004

Insect Growth Regulators For Insect Pest Control*, Hasan Tunaz, Nedi̇m Uygun

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Insecticides with growth regulating properties (IGR) may adversely affect insects by regulating or inhibiting specific biochemical pathways or processes essential for insect growth and development. Some insects exposed to such compounds may die due to abnormal regulation of hormone-mediated cell or organ development. Other insects may die either from a prolonged exposure at the developmental stage to other mortality factors (susceptibility to natural enemies, environmental conditions etc) or from an abnormal termination of a developmental stage itself. Insect growth regulators may come from a blend of synthetic chemicals or from other natural sources, such as plants. The chemical composition of …

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Host-Specific Toxin Production By The Tomato Target Leaf Spot Pathogen Corynespora Cassiicola, Şener Kurt Jan 2004

Host-Specific Toxin Production By The Tomato Target Leaf Spot Pathogen Corynespora Cassiicola, Şener Kurt

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The culture filtrate (CF) of Corynespora cassiicola, the causal agent of target leaf spot of tomato, produced visible small, pinpoint, water-soaked lesions on the lower surface of wounded, detached leaves after incubation for 48 h. The extraction, isolation and purification of C. cassiicola tomato (CCT) toxin was achieved by anion exchange and gel filtration chromatography. Treatments of the CF with Diaion HP-20 resin and Cosmosil C18-OPN gel were found to be highly effective. The toxin purified partially by cosmosil gel filtration was highly active against the tomato cultivar Momotaro used in the bioassay test, and the fraction eluted with 50% …

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Harvest Date Influences Superficial Scald Development In Granny Smith Apples During Long Term Storage, Mustafa Erkan, Mustafa Pekmezci̇ Jan 2004

Harvest Date Influences Superficial Scald Development In Granny Smith Apples During Long Term Storage, Mustafa Erkan, Mustafa Pekmezci̇

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The effects of harvest dates on superficial scald development and postharvest quality in 'Granny Smith' apples (Malus domestica Borkh.) were investigated. Apples were harvested at 15-day intervals during 2 consecutive years (2000-2001) and stored at 0 °C with 90% relative humidity for 8 months. At the end of the 8 - month storage period plus an additional 1 week at 20 °C the percentage of superficial scald was lower (24.4%) in late harvested (November 15) apples than in apples harvested early (October 15), which was 85.4%. The apples harvested late reached a climacteric maximum quicker than those harvested early. The …

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Effects Of Inoculation With Rhizobium On Forage Yield And Yield Components Of Common Vetch (Vicia Sativa L.), Sebahatti̇n Albayrak, Cafer Sirri Sevi̇may, Özgür Töngel Jan 2004

Effects Of Inoculation With Rhizobium On Forage Yield And Yield Components Of Common Vetch (Vicia Sativa L.), Sebahatti̇n Albayrak, Cafer Sirri Sevi̇may, Özgür Töngel

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The effects of inoculation with Rhizobium on forage yield and yield components of common vetch (Vicia sativa L.) were evaluated under rainy conditions in Samsun, Turkey, in the 2001-2002 and 2002-2003 growing seasons. Common vetch cultivars Kubilay, Ürem, Kara elçi, Uludağ, Emir, Çubuk, Nilüfer and Rhizobium leguminosarum were used as materials. The experiment was established as a split block design with 3 replicates as averages of 2 years. While the highest forage and dry matter yields were determined in the inoculated cultivar Kara elçi, the highest crude protein content and crude protein yield were obtained from the inoculated cultivars Kubilay …

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Effects Of Different Sowing Date And Intrarow Spacing On Yield And Some Agronomic Traits Of Safflower (Carthamus Tinctorius L.) Under Harran Plain's Arid Conditions*, Abdulhabi̇p Özel, Tuncay Demi̇rbi̇lek, M. Ati̇lla Gür, Osman Çopur Jan 2004

Effects Of Different Sowing Date And Intrarow Spacing On Yield And Some Agronomic Traits Of Safflower (Carthamus Tinctorius L.) Under Harran Plain's Arid Conditions*, Abdulhabi̇p Özel, Tuncay Demi̇rbi̇lek, M. Ati̇lla Gür, Osman Çopur

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

This study was conducted to determine the suitable sowing date and intrarow spacing for safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) under Harran Plain's arid conditions during the 1998-1999 and 1999-2000 winter growing seasons. Four sowing dates (mid-October, early November, mid-November and early December) and 5 intrarow spacings (5 cm, 10 cm, 15 cm, 20 cm and 25 cm) were applied. Dinçer-118 was used as the safflower cultivar. Seed yield (1191.7-667.5 kg ha^{-1}), oil content (35.48-25.66%), oil yield (389.4-175.9 kg ha^{-1}), shell rate (50.37-39.33%) and 1000-seed weight (36.71-29.22 g) were investigated and all parameters measured were significantly affected by the treatments. The results …

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Soil Respiration In Young And Old Oriental Spruce Stands And In Adjacent Grasslands In Artvin, Turkey, Aydin Tüfekçi̇oğlu, Mehmet Küçük Jan 2004

Soil Respiration In Young And Old Oriental Spruce Stands And In Adjacent Grasslands In Artvin, Turkey, Aydin Tüfekçi̇oğlu, Mehmet Küçük

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Soil respiration is a good indicator of soil quality. In this study, the influence of species type and sampling time on soil respiration in young and old oriental spruce (Picea orientalis (L.) Link.) stands without understory and with a Rhododendron ponticum L. understory and in adjacent grasslands were investigated in Genya Mountain, Artvin, Turkey. Soil respiration was measured approximately monthly from May to October using the soda-lime technique. Mean daily soil respiration across all sites ranged from 0.26 to 2.66 g C m^{-2} d^{-1}. There were significant differences between grasslands and old forest sites, but no significant differences between young …

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Effect Of Different Operating Parameters On Seed Holding In The Single Seed Metering Unit Of A Pneumatic Planter, Zeli̇ha Bereket Barut, Azi̇z Özmerzi̇ Jan 2004

Effect Of Different Operating Parameters On Seed Holding In The Single Seed Metering Unit Of A Pneumatic Planter, Zeli̇ha Bereket Barut, Azi̇z Özmerzi̇

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

This research was performed to determine the effect of different operating parameters on seed holding in a single seed metering unit. The metering unit was a vertical seed plate with a vacuum, used in seeding maize (Zea mays L.). An electronic counter in the metering unit was used to determine the holes without seed on the plate holes. The shapes of the holes, peripheral velocities, vacuum pressure, hole area on the seed plate and thousand grain weight of seed (TGW) were chosen as the operating parameters. A Factorial Completely Randomized Design was used for analysis of variance, Duncan's multiple range …

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Measuring The Marketing Performances Of State Nurseries In Turkey: Examples Of Eastern Anatolia And Black Sea Region Nurseries, Devlet Toksoy, Hasan Ayyildiz Jan 2004

Measuring The Marketing Performances Of State Nurseries In Turkey: Examples Of Eastern Anatolia And Black Sea Region Nurseries, Devlet Toksoy, Hasan Ayyildiz

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Today, any enterprise has to consider marketing as important as production. Production and marketing are 2 complementary activities in enterprises. An increase in marketing effectiveness is achieved through measuring the activity outcomes that can be described as marketing performance. Because marketing is a social science and, therefore, determining the marketing performance system concretely, examining it and determining its principles may not be possible, a need for a new model was felt to represent the real system, and, consequently, a Multi-Dimensional Purpose-System Model was developed. The above-mentioned model was applied in the 12 Nursery Directorates in the Eastern Anatolia and Black …

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Carbon Dynamics In Tallgrass Prairie And Wheat Ecosystems, Rasi̇m Koçyi̇ği̇t, Charles W. Rice Jan 2004

Carbon Dynamics In Tallgrass Prairie And Wheat Ecosystems, Rasi̇m Koçyi̇ği̇t, Charles W. Rice

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Soil carbon (C) dynamics is an important aspect of the global C cycle. Soils can be a sink or source for atmospheric CO_2 depending upon management. Tallgrass prairie and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) are 2 dominant ecosystems in the Great Plains. This study determined the distribution of C in these 2 ecosystems. Soil C pools, plant root biomass, and aboveground plant biomass were determined at a wheat (winter wheat) and a tallgrass prairie site in northern Oklahoma from 1998 through 2001. The objectives of this study were to determine C storage and changes in soil organic matter in tallgrass prairie …

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Qtl Analysis Of Ascochyta Blight Resistance In Chickpea, Mücella Tekeoğlu, Muzaffer Işik, Fred J. Muehlbauer Jan 2004

Qtl Analysis Of Ascochyta Blight Resistance In Chickpea, Mücella Tekeoğlu, Muzaffer Işik, Fred J. Muehlbauer

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Recent advances in quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis have facilitated studies on Ascochyta blight, caused by Ascochyta rabiei Pass (Lab.), resistance in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Using a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from an interspecific cross between C. arietinum and C. reticulatum, the same 2 QTLs conferring resistance to Ascochyta blight were identified at 2 locations by interval mapping. Genotype X environment (G x E) interaction was significant both between years at the same location and between locations. The effect of QTL-1 on linkage group 8 (LG-8) was greater than that of QTL-2 on LG-4 at Pullman while …

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Effects Of Iba And Cutting Dates On The Rooting Ability Of Semi-Hardwood Kiwifruit (Actinidia Deliciosa A.Chev.) Cuttings, Ali̇ Ömer Üçler, Sali̇h Parlak, Zafer Yücesan Jan 2004

Effects Of Iba And Cutting Dates On The Rooting Ability Of Semi-Hardwood Kiwifruit (Actinidia Deliciosa A.Chev.) Cuttings, Ali̇ Ömer Üçler, Sali̇h Parlak, Zafer Yücesan

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The effects of 1 H-indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and cutting date on the rooting of semi-hardwood cuttings from the kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa A.Chev.) were investigated. In rooting experiments 0, 4, 6 and 8 gl^{-1} concentrations of the IBA were used and the cuttings were taken on July 23 and August 22, 1999. The results of the study revealed that cuttings taken in July had better rooting ability in terms of main root numbers, the mean length of the longest 5 roots and rooting area. On the other hand, 6 and 8 gl^{-1} IBA concentrations did not significantly affect rooting ability. Split …

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Determination Of Hydraulic Performance Of Trickle Irrigation Emitters Used In Irrigation Systems In The Harran Plain, Hali̇l Kirnak, Ergün Doğan, Siddik Demi̇r, Sabri̇ Yalçin Jan 2004

Determination Of Hydraulic Performance Of Trickle Irrigation Emitters Used In Irrigation Systems In The Harran Plain, Hali̇l Kirnak, Ergün Doğan, Siddik Demi̇r, Sabri̇ Yalçin

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Trickle irrigation systems' efficiency depends on system uniformity, which is determined by water discharge uniformity from emitters. It is impossible to produce 2 identical emitters due to manufacturing variations. The manufacturer's coefficient of variance is used as a measure of discharge variations of emitters. In this study, manufacturers' reported discharge rates and coefficients of manufacturing variation (CVm) values were compared with test results for various types of in-line emitters manufactured by 4 different companies in Turkey. A total of 9 drip irrigation lines, comprising 7 non-compensating and 2 compensating emitters, were tested at 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 kPa …

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Effect Of Hypocotyl Morphology On Survival Rate And Growth Of Watermelon Seedlings Grafted On Rootstocks With Different Emergence Performance At Various Temperatures, Hali̇t Yeti̇şi̇r, Nebahat Sari Jan 2004

Effect Of Hypocotyl Morphology On Survival Rate And Growth Of Watermelon Seedlings Grafted On Rootstocks With Different Emergence Performance At Various Temperatures, Hali̇t Yeti̇şi̇r, Nebahat Sari

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The emergence performance of different rootstocks and watermelon cultivars at different temperatures, and the effect of hypocotyl structure on grafting success and survival rate were investigated. Evaluated rootstocks were Cucurbita moschata (landrace), C. maxima (Arıcan local cultivar), Strong Tosa (C. maxima x C. moschata), P360 (C. maxima x C. moschata), Luffa cylindrica, Benincasa hispida, Lagenaria siceraria (landrace), Skopje (Landrace), and 2 Lagenaria hybrids, 216 and FR Gold. The Crimson Tide watermelon cultivar was used as scion. Emergence tests at 14 ºC, 18 ºC and 25 ºC were carried out for all rootstocks and scion seeds in a growth chamber. Cucurbita …

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The Competitive Ability Of Avena Spp. And Alopecurus Myosuroides Huds. Influenced By Different Wheat (Triticum Aestivum) Cultivars, Hüsrev Mennan, Doğan Işik Jan 2004

The Competitive Ability Of Avena Spp. And Alopecurus Myosuroides Huds. Influenced By Different Wheat (Triticum Aestivum) Cultivars, Hüsrev Mennan, Doğan Işik

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Field experiments were conducted at Havza and Gelemen to evaluate the effect of different densities of Avena spp. and Alopecurus myosuroides Huds. on wheat cultivars Bezostaja and Kate-A-I. As expected the semi-dwarf cultivar Bezostaja was shorter than Kate-A-I in all weed densities, indicating that plant height was not correlated with competitiveness under the experimental conditions. The mean yields of Bezostaja and Kate-A-I in the weed-free plots in 2000-2001were 3420 kg ha^{-1} and 3360 kg ha^{-1}, respectively. Both species caused decreases in wheat yield with increasing density. While 20 Avena spp. per square reduced the yield by 13.3% in Bezostaja, yield …

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A New Method Of Designing Forest Roads, Abdullah E. Akay Jan 2004

A New Method Of Designing Forest Roads, Abdullah E. Akay

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

An unlimited number of alternative paths can be generated to connect 2 end points. Modern optimization techniques, which perform a systematic search for an optimum solution, can be used to solve such complex problems. In the field of highway design, various optimization techniques have been applied to locate a path between 2 known locations. However, there has been little optimization application in current forest road design systems. These systems are used as a tool to perform the mathematical calculations required to make basic manual road design. This study introduces a new method that integrates 2 optimization techniques for designing forest …

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Effect Of Tissue On The Inoculation And Detection Of Xylella Fastidiosa In The Grapevine, Ni̇hal Buzkan, M. Andrew Walker Jan 2004

Effect Of Tissue On The Inoculation And Detection Of Xylella Fastidiosa In The Grapevine, Ni̇hal Buzkan, M. Andrew Walker

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Pierce's disease of the grapevine is caused by a xylem-limited bacterium, Xylella fastidiosa (Xf). Susceptible vines die within a few years after infection. However, the mechanism of pathogenesis is not fully understood. It is very important to optimize the timing and positioning of inoculation in host plants to study the infection process. Rooted dormant cuttings of cv. Chardonnay (susceptible vine) were grouped as stem tissue hardening and shoot elongation for needle-inoculation with 20 µl of 2 x 10^8 cfu ml^{-1} of Xf suspension. The infected plants were sampled 2 and 3 weeks following postinoculation (wpi) at 10 cm above the …

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Comparison Of Fresh Pod Yield And Pod Related Characteristics In Pea (Pisum Sativum L.) Cultivars Sown In Autumn And Spring Under Samsun Ecological Conditions, Erkut Pekşen, Aysun Pekşen, Hati̇ce Bozoğlu, Ali̇ Gülümser Jan 2004

Comparison Of Fresh Pod Yield And Pod Related Characteristics In Pea (Pisum Sativum L.) Cultivars Sown In Autumn And Spring Under Samsun Ecological Conditions, Erkut Pekşen, Aysun Pekşen, Hati̇ce Bozoğlu, Ali̇ Gülümser

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

: In this study, 15 pea (Pisum sativum L.) cultivars sown in autumn and spring were investigated for their fresh pod yield and pod characteristics under Samsun ecological conditions during the 1999-2000 and 2000-2001 growing seasons. The results of the study for fresh pod yield from the combined 2 years showed that there was a statistically significant difference among the cultivars. The highest fresh pod yield was obtained from Vilmoren (17,840 kg ha^{-1}), followed by Lancet (14,290 kg ha^{-1}), Agromar AG 7306 (13,880 kg ha^{-1}), Jumbo (13,830 kg ha^{-1}), Sprinter (13,690 kg ha^{-1}), Sugar Bon (12,370 kg ha^{-1}), Bolero (12,800 …

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Growth Trends And Water Use Efficiency Of Pinus Pinaster Ait. In Response To Historical Climate And Groundwater Trends On The Gnangara Mound, Western Australia, Lindsay Bourke Jan 2004

Growth Trends And Water Use Efficiency Of Pinus Pinaster Ait. In Response To Historical Climate And Groundwater Trends On The Gnangara Mound, Western Australia, Lindsay Bourke

Theses : Honours

In Western Australia, groundwater accounts for about 57% of Perth's water supply. The majority of this is from the Gnangara Mound, the largest superficial aquifer on the Swan Coastal Plain. Prior to the mid 1970's groundwater of the superficial aquifer reached a semi-steady state, however since this period levels have been steadily falling. This decline coincides with a dramatic change in Perth's climate, groundwater abstraction and maturation of pine plantations. The influence of pine plantations upon groundwater recharge is well understood, however there is paucity of information about groundwater use, in particular whether pines directly access shallow groundwater resources. This …

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Destructive Effects Of Classical Viscosimeters On The Microstructure Of Yoghurt Gel, Barbaros H. Özer Jan 2004

Destructive Effects Of Classical Viscosimeters On The Microstructure Of Yoghurt Gel, Barbaros H. Özer

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The effects of empirical viscosity measuring techniques that are commonly used in the determination of the viscosity of weak viscoelastic gels such as yoghurt on the microstructure of yoghurt were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In the measurement of viscosity, Brookfield and Haake viscosimeters were employed at 2 different measuring periods (15 and 30 s). The results obtained indicated that the increase in the measuring period (15 s versus 30 s) stimulated the further destruction of the casein gel network. Additionally, the Brookfield viscosimeter was more destructive than the Haake viscosimeter. In general, lower viscosity values were in good …

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Evaluation Of The Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activities Of Clary Sage (Salvia Sclarea L.), İlhami̇ Gülçi̇n, Meti̇n T. Uğuz, Müni̇r Oktay, Şükrü Beydemi̇r, Ömer İrfan Küfrevi̇oğlu Jan 2004

Evaluation Of The Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activities Of Clary Sage (Salvia Sclarea L.), İlhami̇ Gülçi̇n, Meti̇n T. Uğuz, Müni̇r Oktay, Şükrü Beydemi̇r, Ömer İrfan Küfrevi̇oğlu

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The present work evaluates the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of clary sage (CS) Salvia sclarea L. Antimicrobial, total antioxidant, DPPH radical scavenging, superoxide anion radical scavenging, hydrogen peroxide scavenging and metal chelating activities, reducing power, and total contents of phenolic compounds of dried herb samples extracted with chloroform and acetone were studied. The chloroform extract had stronger total antioxidant activity than the acetone extract and exhibited 93 and 68% inhibition of linoleic acid peroxidation, respectively. a-Tocopherol, quercetin, butylated hydroxyanisole and butylated hydroxytoluene were used as standard antioxidants. Antimicrobial activities of both CS extracts were examined by means of disk-diffusion methods …

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Effects Of Controlled Atmosphere Storage On Scald Development And Postharvest Physiology Of Granny Smith Apples, Mustafa Erkan, Mustafa Pekmezci̇, Hami̇de Gübbük, Işilay Karaşahi̇n Jan 2004

Effects Of Controlled Atmosphere Storage On Scald Development And Postharvest Physiology Of Granny Smith Apples, Mustafa Erkan, Mustafa Pekmezci̇, Hami̇de Gübbük, Işilay Karaşahi̇n

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The effects of different O2 and CO_2 concentrations on the scald development and postharvest physiology of Granny Smith apples (Malus domestica Borkh.) were investigated. Apples were harvested at optimal harvest time and stored in 1% CO_2/2% O_2, 2% CO_2/2% O_2, 3% CO_2/2% O_2 and 0% CO_2/21% O_2 (control) at 0 °C and 90-92% relative humidity for 9 months. At certain intervals, samples were collected from each storage condition for physical and chemical analysis (e.g. weight loss, flesh firmness, amount of titratable acid, total soluble solids, skin color, scald development, respiration rate and decayed fruit). Respiration rates of the apples were …

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The Effect Of Moisture Content And Wood Density On The Preservative Uptake Of Caucasian Fir (Abies Nordmanniana (Link.) Spach.) Treated With Cca, İlker Usta Jan 2004

The Effect Of Moisture Content And Wood Density On The Preservative Uptake Of Caucasian Fir (Abies Nordmanniana (Link.) Spach.) Treated With Cca, İlker Usta

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The effect of moisture content and wood density on the preservative uptake (on the basis of the percentage of void volume filled (VVF%)) of Caucasian fir (Abies nordmanniana (Link.) Spach.) was studied in various levels of moisture content (MC). VVF% was measured in 11 MC regimes (7 of which were designed to be below the fibre saturation point (FSP)) consequtively nominated using a conventional kiln. All the samples were treated with CCA-tanalith C via a mild schedule of full-cell impregnation. A significant correspondence between MC and both wood density and VVF% was established and an attempt was thus made to …

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In Vitro Studies On Some Natural Beverages As Botanical Pesticides Against Erwinia Amylovora And Curtobacterium Flaccumfaciensis Subsp. Poinsettiae, Mehmet Nuri̇ Nas Jan 2004

In Vitro Studies On Some Natural Beverages As Botanical Pesticides Against Erwinia Amylovora And Curtobacterium Flaccumfaciensis Subsp. Poinsettiae, Mehmet Nuri̇ Nas

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Several tannin-rich beverages were tested for their antibacterial activity against 2 important phytopathogenic bacteria, Erwinia amylovora and Curtobacterium flacumfaciensis subsp. poinsettiae. Black tea (9.5, 19 and 38 g l^{-1}), green tea (9.5, 19 and 38 g l^{-1}) and tannic acid (0.2, 0.4 and 0.8 g l^{-1}) inhibited the growth of E. amylovora and C. f. subsp. poinsettiae. Coffee (8.75, 17.5 and 35 g l^{-1}) and cocoa (8.75, 17.5 and 35 g l^{-1}) did not display any inhibitory effect on the growth of bacterial cultures. The numbers of colony forming units (CFUs) of E. amylovora in the presence of black tea, …

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Potassium Potential Of The Soils Of The Gevaş Region In Eastern Anatolia, Keri̇m Mesut Çi̇mri̇n, Emrah Akça, Muzaffer Şenol, Gökhan Büyük, Seli̇m Kabur Jan 2004

Potassium Potential Of The Soils Of The Gevaş Region In Eastern Anatolia, Keri̇m Mesut Çi̇mri̇n, Emrah Akça, Muzaffer Şenol, Gökhan Büyük, Seli̇m Kabur

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Due to its semi-arid climate and sloping topography, Eastern Anatolia has limited soil resources for agriculture, strongly necessitating sustainable land management. Fertile soils occur only in limited areas such as the Gevaş region, where sugar beet is one of the main crops with a particular need for K. Unfortunately, studies on the non-exchangeable (slowly available) and exchangeable K contents, along with soil properties such as clay mineralogy, organic matter content and texture, which are closely related to soil production potential, are not sufficient in the region. Thus, 40 soil samples out of 7 soil series were collected for the determination …

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Determining The Need To Fertilize Landscape Trees And Shrubs, District/Extension Forester, Extension Soils Specialist, State Extension Forester Jan 2004

Determining The Need To Fertilize Landscape Trees And Shrubs, District/Extension Forester, Extension Soils Specialist, State Extension Forester

Nebraska Forest Service: Publications

Most Nebraska soils are fertile enough to support tree and shrub growth without applying fertilizer. However, when woody plants exhibit poor growth or reduced vigor, yet have had adequate moisture and are not experiencing pest problems or other environmental limitations, the proper application of fertilizer may be necessary.

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Bank Stabilization, Riparian Land Use And The Distribution Of Large Woody Debris In A Regulated Reach Of The Upper Missouri River, North Dakota, Usa, Ted R. Angrandi, E William Schweiger, David W. Bolgrien, Peter Ismert, Tony Selle Jan 2004

Bank Stabilization, Riparian Land Use And The Distribution Of Large Woody Debris In A Regulated Reach Of The Upper Missouri River, North Dakota, Usa, Ted R. Angrandi, E William Schweiger, David W. Bolgrien, Peter Ismert, Tony Selle

United States Environmental Protection Agency: Publications

Large woody debris (LWD) is an important component of ecosystem structure and function in large floodplain rivers. We examined associations between LWD distribution and riparian land use, bank stabilization (e.g. riprap revetment), local channel geomorphology, and distance downriver from the dam in the Garrison Reach, a regulated reach of the upper Missouri River in North Dakota, USA. We conducted a survey of shoreline-associated LWD in the reach during typical summer flow conditions. Reachwide LWDdensity was 21.3 pieces km^-1 of shoreline, of which most pieces (39%) were ‘beached’ between the waterline and the bank full level, 31% of pieces had evidence …

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