Food Biotechnology Commons^™

Determination Of The Effect Of Dairy Powders On Adherence Of Streptococcus Sobrinus And Streptococcus Salivarius To Hydroxylapatite And Growth Of These Bacteria, Rachel Halpin, D.B. Brady, E.D. O’Riordan, M. O’Sullivan

Articles

Dental caries is a highly prevalent disease caused by colonisation of tooth surfaces by cariogenic bacteria, such as Streptococcus sobrinus and Streptococcus salivarius. Reducing initial adherence of such bacteria to teeth may delay onset of caries. Many foods, such as milk, can inhibit microbial adherence. In this investigation, the effect of untreated (UT) and enzyme-treated (ET) dairy powders on adherence of S. sobrinus and S. salivarius to hydroxylapatite (HA), an analogue of tooth enamel, was examined. Untreated (UT) acid whey protein concentrate (AWPC) 80 inhibited streptococcal adherence to phosphate-buffered saline-coated HA (PBS-HA) and saliva-coated HA (S-HA) by >80% at …

Growth Inhibition Of Common Food Spoilage And Pathogenic Microorganisms In The Presence Of Brown Seaweed Extracts, Shilpi Gupta, Sabrina Cox, Gaurav Rajauria, Amit Jaiswal, Nissreen Abu-Ghannam

Articles

The possibility of using extracts from brown seaweed, Himanthalia elongata, as a natural antimicrobial agent for food preservation is presented. The effect of different concentrations of seaweed extract on the growth kinetics of four common food spoilage (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterococcus faecalis) and food pathogenic micro-organisms (Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella abony) was examined. Seaweed extract at a concentration of 6% inhibited the growth of all four of the studied organisms. Lower concentrations of seaweed extract prolonged the lag phase and reduced both the exponential growth rate and final population densities of the culture. Suitability of three kinetic models, Baranyi-Roberts, Modified …

Development And Validation Of A Light Weight, Energy Dense, Ready To Eat (Rte) Bar, Jacob Wilhelm-Maria Heick

Master's Theses

DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF A LIGHT WEIGHT, ENERGY DENSE, READY TO EAT (RTE) BAR

Jacob Wilhelm-Maria Heick

Providing additional calories in the form of an RTE bar to endurance athletes will increase performance and muscle re-synthesis, reduce muscle breakdown, and shorten recovery time. An RTE bar containing a blend of dairy proteins and carbohydrates will create a product with superior functionality, including bioactive and immunity enhancing properties from dairy derived ingredients. The protein will provide benefits in the form of easily digestible calories, essential amino acids and physical satiate.

A formulation was developed and optimized, resulting in a final product …

Metabolic Profiling And Fingerprinting For The Detection And Discrimination Of Mechanical Damage In Mushrooms (Agaricus Bisporus) During Storage, Aoife O'Gorman

Doctoral

Horticultural products such as mushrooms are exposed to external agents during their postharvest life, which are going to affect product quality. Loss of whiteness during storage is particularly important in the mushroom industry. Rough handling and distribution of crops, fruiting body senescence, bacterial and viral infection are among the causes of mushroom discolouration. The aim of this work was to study the use of metabolic fingerprinting and metabolic profiling tools for the detection and discrimination of mechanical damage on mushrooms. This research involved: 1. Investigating whether the chemical changes induced by mechanical damage and ageing of mushrooms could be (a) …

Strategies For The Elimination Of Matrix Effects In The Lc-Ms/Ms Analysis Of The Lipophilic Toxins Okadaic Acid And Azaspiracid-1 In Molluscan Shellfish, Jane Kilcoyne, Elie Fux

Articles

Considerable efforts are being made worldwide to replace in vivo assays with instrumental methods of analysis for the monitoring of marine biotoxins in shellfish. Analysis of these compounds by the preferred technique of LC-MS/MS is challenged by matrix effects associated with shellfish tissue components. In methods validation, assessment of matrix interferences is imperative to ensure the accuracy of analytical results. We evaluated matrix interferences in the analysis of okadaic acid (OA) and azaspiracid 1 (AZA1) in mollucscan shellfish by using a conventional acidic method on electrospray triple stage quadrapole (TSQ) and hybrid quadrupole time of flight (QToF) instruments, with matrix …

Changes In Microbiological, Physicochemical, Biochemical And Therapeutical Characteristics Of Yoghurt Upon The Addition Of Selected Medicinal Herbs., Afsaneh Najarian

Student Works (2010-2019)

The effects of herbs on the changes in probiotic growth and metabolism in yoghurt during storage were studied. Angelica sinensis, Codonopsis pilosula, Illicium verum, Lycium barbarum, Momorsdica grosvenori and Psidium gujava water-extracts were co-incubated with pasteurized full cream milk containing Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium, Streptococcus thermophilus and L.casei as starter culture. The addition of herbal water extracts stimulated Lactobacillus sp. growth in P. guajava–yoghurt (126.3±26.3 × 106 CFUml-1) only on day 0 and in L. barbarum–yoghurt from 0 to 3 days (109.3±21.5 to 112.7±28.8×106 CFUml-1 respectively) of refrigerated storage. The growth of S. thermophilus were recorded higher than plain yoghurt for …

Untreated And Enzyme-Modified Bovine Whey Products Reduce Association Of Salmonella Typhimurium, Escherichia Coli O157:H7 And Cronobacter Malonaticus (Formerly Enterobacter Sakazakii) To Caco-2 Cells, Rachel Halpin, D.B. Brady, E.D. O’Riordan, M. O’Sullivan

Articles

Adhesion of a micro-organism to a cell surface is often considered to be the first step in pathogenesis. Inhibiting this process may have therapeutic effects in vivo. This study investigates the inhibitory effects of various bovine whey products on the association of Salm. Typhimurium, E. coli O157:H7 and C. malonaticus (formerly Enterobacter sakazakii) to the human CaCo-2 cell line. Invasion of CaCo-2 cells by Salm. Typhimurium and C. malonaticus was also examined.

Growth And Kinetics Of Lactobacillus Plantarum In The Fermentation Of Edible Irish Brown Seaweeds, Shilpi Gupta, Nissreen Abu-Ghannam, Amalia G.M. Scannell

Articles

The aim of the present study was to see the applicability of using brown edible seaweeds as a sole source of nutrition for the growth of lactic acid bacteria. Growth kinetics of lactic acid bacteria (LAB; Lactobacillus plantarum) was studied using three species of edible Irish brown seaweeds Himanthalia elongata, Laminaria digitata and Laminaria saccharina. As part of the screening process, growth of the LAB was carried out on raw and heat treated forms of seaweeds. The seaweed species in their raw state could not support the growth of L. plantarum. Heat treatment resulted in almost 4 times increase in …

Substrate Profiling And Aldehyde Dismutase Activity Of The Kvβ2 Subunit Of The Mammalian Kv1 Potassium Channel, A. Kumari, Barry Ryan, J. Dolly, Gary Henehan

Articles

Voltage-dependent potassium channels (Kv) are involved in various cellular signalling processes by governing the membrane potential of excitable cells. The cytosolic face of these α subunit-containing channels is associated with β subunits that can modulate channel responses. Surprisingly, the β subunit of the mammalian Kv1 channels, Kvβ2, has a high level of sequence homology with the aldo-keto reductase (AKR) superfamily of proteins. Recent studies have shown that Kvβ2 can catalyze the reduction of aldehydes and, most significantly, that channel function is modulated when Kvβ2-bound NADPH is concomitantly oxidized. As a result, the redox chemistry of this subunit is crucial to …