Entomology Commons^™

New Distribution Records Of Somatochlora Hineana (Odonata: Corduliidae), Wayne P. Steffens

The Great Lakes Entomologist

New records for Somatochlora hineana in Michigan are reported, extending the known distribution of the species by nearly 200 km to the northeast. Habitats are rich fens with shallow creeks, springs, small pools, and marl deposits.

Probable Displacement Of Riffle-Dwelling Invertebrates By The Introduced Rusty Crayfish, Orconectes Rusticus (Decapoda: Cambaridae) In A North-Central Wisconsin Stream, David C. Houghton, Jeffrey J. Dimick, Richard V. Frie

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The rapid northward range expansion of the rusty crayfish, Orconectes rusticus, and its negative effects on Wisconsin lakes have been the subjects of intense study throughout the last fifteen years. In this study, we investigated the possible impact of rusty crayfish on the benthic macroinvertebrate community structure of the Prairie River in north-central Wisconsin. Rusty crayfish and other invertebrates were collected during August and September, 1994, from three sections of the Prairie River. Rusty crayfish relative abundance increased significantly from the upper to middle, and middle to lower sections; and correlated negatively with a significant 77% decrease in total …

A Modification Of The Biotic Index Of Organic Stream Pollution To Remedy Problems And Permit Its Use Throughout The Year, William L. Hilsenhoff

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The biotic index of the arthropod fauna of streams is modified by limiting to ten the number of individuals in each taxon used in its calculation. This reduces detrimental effects on the index of certain fairly tolerant taxa in clean streams, effects of a few tolerant taxa in somewhat polluted streams, and the effect of our inability to identify larvae in some insect genera to species. It also greatly reduces seasonal variability, allowing use of the biotic index throughout the year with only a minimal decrease in the sensitivity of the index during the summer months. The EPT index was …

Caterpillars Of Eastern Forests. David L. Wagner, Valerie Giles, Richard C. Reardon And Michael L. Mcmanus. 1997. Usda Forest Service Fhtet-96-34, 113 Pp., Soft Cover., Mark F. O'Brien

The Great Lakes Entomologist

(excerpt)

Over the years, I have lamented the lack of a popular guide to Lepidoptera larvae. Aside from the classic Golden Guide to Butterflies and Moths (R.T. Mitchell and H. S. Zim, 1987. Golden Press, NY, 160 pp.), field guides have given scant attention to the larvae, illustrating only a few examples of common species.

Indiana Record For Onthophagus Taurus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae): Northwestward Range Extension, Adrienne E. Smith

The Great Lakes Entomologist

(excerpt)

The scarab, Onthophagus taurus Schreber, was introduced from Europe, although the details of its introduction are unknown (Fincher and Woodruff 1975). It was first collected in the Florida panhandle in 1971 (Fincher and Woodruff 1975); by 1974 its range had extended into Georgia, and by 1980 it had reached South and North Carolina (Fincher et al. 1983).

Enallagma Basidens (Odonata: Coenagrionidae) Expands Its Range Into Michigan, Mark F. O'Brien

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Enallagma basidens Calvert, a small bluet damselfly, has been expanding its range across North America since the early part of this century. It is now recorded from two widely-separated localities in the lower peninsula of Michigan.

Feasibility Of Using Cryostored Colorado Potato Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Eggs For Rearing Edovum Puttleri (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), R. F. W. Schroder

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Cryostored eggs of Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) eggs were suitable hosts for Edovum puttleri. Parasitism rates were low, however this study was first to show that rearing the parasite on eggs stored at ultra low temperatures (-70 0 C) is feasible. This method of storage will facilitate mass production of E. puttleri as well as prevent loss of the parasite in the event of a crash in the Colorado potato beetle colony.

New Records For Euhrychiopsis Lecontei (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) And Their Densities In Wisconsin Lakes, Laura L. Jester, Michael A. Bozek, Sallie P. Sheldon, Daniel R. Helsel

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The native aquatic weevil, Euhrychiopsis lecontei is currently being researched as a potential biological control for the exotic aquatic macrophyte Eurasian watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum), yet little is known about its specific distribution in North America. In this study, E. lecontei was collected in 25 of 27 lakes surveyed for the weevil in Wisconsin, greatly increasing the known distribution of the species in this state. E. lecontei densities evaluated in 14 Wisconsin lakes ranged from <0.01 to 1.91 weevils per apical stem of milfoil. These new records indicate that E. lecontei is widespread throughout Wisconsin and is associated with natural declines of M. spicatum in some lakes. Additional sampling for E. lecontei and …

Relationship Between Fruit Yield And Damage By Codling Moth And Plum Curculio In A Biologically-Managed Apple Orchard, M. Sean Clark, Stuart H. Gage

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Fruit yield, codling moth (Cydia pomonella) damage, and plum curculio (Conotrachelus nenuphar) damage were monitored over an 8-year period in a O.5-ha, biologically-managed apple orchard in southwestern Michigan. The relationship between yield and damage was examined for both of these pests. The orchard showed clear biennial bearing patterns of alternating high and low yields. A significant negative correlation was found for yield and percent- age damage by codling moth but not for plum curculio damage. However, the estimated amount of fruit damaged by codling moth remained relatively stable over the period, indicating that changes in percentage damage depended on yield …

Life Cycle Of Isoperla Lata (Plecoptera: Perlodidae) In A Central Wisconsin Trout Stream, John B. Sandberg, Stanley W. Szczytko

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Monthly qualitative samples of Isoperla lata Frison were made from January 1992 to June 1993 in Ripley Creek, a small second order trout stream in Lincoln County Wisconsin. Additional collecting and an in-stream hatching experiment were conducted in 1994. This species exhibited an S1 (slow) univoltine life cycle. Emergence was synchronous and occurred in late April through early May when stream temperatures in the field were approximately 9-14° C and laboratory stream temperatures were 7-17° C. Laboratory longevity was 2-25 (x = 18.2 ± 4.51) days for males and 7-39 (x = 21.7 ± 5.35) days for females. Mean fecundity …

Susceptibility Of The Endangered Karner Blue Butterfly (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) To Bacillus Thuringiensis Var. Kurstaki Used For Gypsy Moth Suppression In Michigan, Catherine Papp Herms, Deborah G. Mccullough, Leah S. Baue, Robert A. Haack, Deborah L. Miller, Normand R. Dubois

The Great Lakes Entomologist

We investigated the phenological and physiological susceptibility of the endangered Karner blue butterfly (Lycaeides melissa samuelis) to Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki (Bt), a product widely used for gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar) suppression in Michigan and other infested states. We monitored phenology of the bivoltine Karner blue in two regions of Michigan from 1993 to 1995 to determine if larval stages overlapped temporally with the period of Bt application for gypsy moth suppression. Karner blue larvae of the spring generation were found during the period that Bt was applied in nearby areas in 1993 only. However, spring-generation …

The Assassin Bug Zelus Luridus (Heteroptera: Reduviidae) In Michigan's Upper Peninsula, Philip A. Cochran, James R. Hodgson, Adam A. Leisten

The Great Lakes Entomologist

(excerpt)

On 17 July 1992, an assassin bug (Zelus luridus Stal) was flushed from the stomach of a smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu) collected in West Long Lake of the University of Notre Dame Environmental Research Center, Gogebic County, Michigan.

Introduced Purple Loosestrife As Host Of Native Saturniidae (Lepidoptera), James G. Barbour, Erik Kiviat

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria,Lythraceae) arrived in North America nearly 200 years ago. In 1969 we first found larvae of the native Cecropia (Hyalophora cecropia) and Polyphemus (Antheraea polyphemus) moths (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) on loosestrife in the Hudson River Valley, New York, and we have since found Io (Automeris io) on this plant. A census of 4th and 5th instar saturniids in four 0.25 ha plots in purple loosestrife-gray dogwood (Cornus racemosa) wet meadows near Saugerties in 1984 indicated that Polyphemus and Cecropia larvae occurred much more frequently on loosestrife than on dogwood, a …

Urophora Affinis And U. Quadrifasciata (Diptera: Tephritidae) Released And Monitored By Usda, Aphis, Ppq As Biological Control Agents Of Spotted And Diffuse Knapweed, R. F. Lang, R. D. Richard, R. W. Hansen

The Great Lakes Entomologist

USDA, APHIS, PPQ has distributed the seedhead gall flies Urophora affinis and U. quadrifasciata (Diptera: Tephritidae) as classical biological agents of the introduced weeds spotted and diffuse knapweed (Centaurea maculosa and C. diffusa, respectively) (Asteraceae) in the United States. From 1987 to 1996, Urophora spp. have been released in 97 counties in 14 midwestern and western states. Established populations of U. affinis and U. quadrifasciata are confirmed in 85 and 95 counties, respectively, among all 14 states. These include the first reports of successful establishment of Urophora spp. in Arizona (two counties), Colorado (eight counties), Michigan (one county), Minnesota …

Effects Of Feeding By Two Folivorous Arthropods On Susceptibility Of Hybrid Poplar Clones To A Foliar Pathogen, Kier D. Klepzig, Daniel J. Robison, Eugene B. Smalley, Kenneth F. Raffa

The Great Lakes Entomologist

We investigated variation in folivore-induced effects on subsequent plant suitability to a foliar pathogen. We used a leaf disk assay to expose three clones of hybrid poplar, NC11382, NE332 and NM6, to colonization by a leaf spot pathogen, Septoria musiva. Undamaged leaf disks of NE332 were the most resistant to S. musiva, followed by NM6 and NC11382, respectively. To test the effects of prior herbivory on subsequent susceptibility to this fungal pathogen, we inoculated S. musiva on leaf disks taken from leaves which had been exposed to feeding by Tetranychus mites or cottonwood leaf beetles. Prior activity by …

Evaluation Of Paederus Littorarius (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) As An Egg Predator Of Chrysoteuchia Topiaria (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae In Wisconsin Cranberry Bogs, Sandra Haase-Statz

The Great Lakes Entomologist

A preliminary study was conducted to determine if the rove beetle, Paederus littorarius Grav., would exhibit a feeding preference for the eggs of the pyralid moth, Chrysoteuchia topiaria Zeller, a pest in Wisconsin cran­berry bogs. Individuals were offered a choice of C. topiaria eggs or Drosophila sp. adults for four days. Total number of prey items eaten was converted to weight using a multiplier based on the mean weight of 20 individuals of each prey item, respectively. A significant preference for Drosophila adults was observed in the preference trial; however as many as 24 C. topiaria eggs in addition to …

Hexagenia Bilineata (Ephemeroptera: Ephemeridae) Persists At Low Levels Of Abundance In The Lower Fox River, Wisconsin, Phillip A. Cochran, Andrew P. Kinziger

The Great Lakes Entomologist

After burrowing mayflies (Hexagenia bilineata) were first noted in the vicinity of the DePere Dam on the Fox River in 1991, adults have been observed in small numbers each summer since then. It is possible that the Fox River population has remained at low levels because of an Allee effect. In addition, it is possible that the population is still limited by poor environmental quality, presumably in the upper layer of sediment inhabited by the larvae. Two other relatively sensitive species associated with benthic habitat, the sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) and the lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens), have been observed in …

New Record Of Brachycercus Maculatus Berner (Ephemeroptera: Caenidae) From New York And A Key To Larvae Of Northeastern Species, Steven K. Burian, Margaret A. Novak, Robert W. Bode, Lawrence Abele

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Brachycercus maculatus, a member of a rare group of mayflies, is now recorded for the first time from New York State in the upper Hudson River. An illustrated key to the Brachycercus larvae of northeastern North America is provided to spur further study of the genus in the region.

Notes On The Life Histories Of Acrosternum Hilare And Cosmopepla Bimaculata (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) In Southern Illinois, J. E. Mcpherson, D. L. Tecic

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The life histories of Acrosternum hilare and Cosmopepla bimaculata were studied in southern Illinois from May 1972 to September 1974 and from September 1992 to June 1995. Both species were bivoltine, overwintered as adults, and became active in early spring. The subsequent generations were characterized by marked overlapping of the nymphal instars. No active adults were found after early November.

Nearctic Acleris: Resurrection Of A. Stadiana And A Revised Identity For A. Semiannula (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), Michael Sabourin, Ronald J. Priest, William E. Miller

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Type study showed that Acleris stadiana (Barnes & Busck), currently considered a junior synonym of A. semiannula (Robinson), is in fact a distinct taxon. Although superficially similar, these taxa differ markedly in genital structure. In males of A. semiannula, the aedeagus is short, broad, and virtually straight, whereas in those of A. stadiana, it is long, thin, and sharply bent. What was known in literature as A. semiannula proved to be A. stadi­ana. We redefine both A. semiannula and the resurrected A. stadiana.

The Mayfly Newsletter, Donna J. Giberson

The Mayfly Newsletter

The Mayfly Newsletter is the official newsletter of the Permanent Committee of the International Conferences on Ephemeroptera.

Antagonistic Actions Of Juvenile Hormone And 20-Hydroxyecdysone Within The Ring Gland Determine Developmental Transitions In Drosophila, Suning Liu, Kang Li, Yue Gao, Xi Liu, Weiting Chen, Wei Ge, Qili Feng, Subba Reddy Palli, Sheng Li

Entomology Faculty Publications

In both vertebrates and insects, developmental transition from the juvenile stage to adulthood is regulated by steroid hormones. In insects, the steroid hormone, 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E), elicits metamorphosis, thus promoting this transition, while the sesquiterpenoid juvenile hormone (JH) antagonizes 20E signaling to prevent precocious metamorphosis during the larval stages. However, not much is known about the mechanisms involved in cross-talk between these two hormones. In this study, we discovered that in the ring gland (RG) of Drosophila larvae, JH and 20E control each other’s biosynthesis. JH induces expression of a Krüppel-like transcription factor gene Kr-h1 in the prothoracic gland (PG), a …

Octapartite Negative-Sense Rna Genome Of High Plains Wheat Mosaic Virus Encodes Two Suppressors Of Rna Silencing, Adarsh K. Gupta, Gary L. Hein, Robert A. Graybosch, Satyanarayana Tatineni

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

High Plains wheat mosaic virus (HPWMoV, genus Emaravirus; family Fimoviridae), transmitted by the wheat curl mite (Aceria tosichella Keifer), harbors a monocistronic octapartite single-stranded negative-sense RNA genome. In this study, putative proteins encoded by HPWMoV genomic RNAs 2–8 were screened for potential RNA silencing suppression activity by using a green fluorescent protein-based reporter agroinfiltration assay. We found that proteins encoded by RNAs 7 (P7) and 8 (P8) suppressed silencing induced by single- or doublestranded RNAs and efficiently suppressed the transitive pathway of RNA silencing. Additionally, a Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV, genus Tritimovirus; family Potyviridae …

Behavioral Observations Of Drosophila Melanogaster As Compared To Humans, Ali Hosey, Marissa Arnett

Natural Sciences Student Research Presentations

In this poster for the Natural Sciences Poster Session at Parkland College, students posit whether there are behavioral similarities between fruit flies and humans, given the genetic similarity. Using both wild type and vestigial wing fruit flies, the students concluded that, while there were no obvious individual behaviors, there might be a similar drive to congregate together.

Nebraska Invasive Plants Field Guide, Nebraska Invasive Species Program

Nebraska Invasive Species Program

Invasive species are plants, animals or pathogens that are non-native to an ecosystem. They cause harm to the economy, environment or human health. They negatively affect native species and ecosystems and interfere with outdoor recreation opportunities. This guide identifies federal and state-listed noxious weeds. Federal noxious weeds are regulated by the U.S. Department of Agriculture; State noxious weeds are regulated by the Nebraska Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Protection, Noxious Weed Program. Aquatic invasive species are listed and regulated by Nebraska Game and Parks Commission.

ABSINTH WORMWOOD • AMUR HONEYSUCKLE • AUTUMN OLIVE • BRITTLE NAIAD • CALLERY …

Large Effect Quantitative Trait Loci For Salicinoid Phenolic Glycosides In Populus: Implications For Gene Discovery, Scott A. Woolbright, Brian J. Rehill, Richard L. Lindroth, Stephen P. Difazio, Gregory D. Martinsen, Matthew S. Zinkgraf, Gerard J. Allan, Paul Keim, Thomas G. Whitham

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Genomic studies have been used to identify genes underlying many important plant secondary metabolic pathways. However, genes for salicinoid phenolic glycosides (SPGs)—ecologically important compounds with significant commercial, cultural, and medicinal applications—remain largely undescribed. We used a linkage map derived from a full-sib population of hybrid cottonwoods (Populus spp.) to search for quanti- tative trait loci (QTL) for the SPGs salicortin and HCH-salicortin. SSR markers and primer sequences were used to anchor the map to the V3.0 P. trichocarpa genome. We discovered 21 QTL for the two traits, including a major QTL for HCH-salicortin (R2 = .52) that colocated with a …

Rnai-Mediated Knockdown Of Vatpase Subunits Affects Survival And Reproduction Of Bed Bugs (Hemiptera: Cimicidae), Sanjay Basnet, Shripat T. Kamble

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

The common bed bug, Cimex lectularius L. (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) has resurged as one of the most troublesome household pests affecting people across the globe. Bed bug infestations have increased in recent years primarily due to the evolution of insecticide resistance and the insect’s ability to hitchhike with travelers. vATPases are one of the most evolutionarily conserved holoenzymes in eukaryotes, which are mainly involved in proton transport across the plasma membranes and intracellu­lar organelles. RNA interference (RNAi) has been developed as a promising tool for insect control. In this study, we used RNAi as an approach to knock down subunits A …

An Engineer Cantonment Bestiary: The Art Of Titian Ramsay Peale, Hugh H. Genoways, Thomas E. Labedz

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

Includes an overview of the work of American nature artist Titian Ramsay Peale as part of the Stephen H. Long Expedition, 1819-1820, at Engineer Cantonment in eastern Nebraska, USA.

Includes textual descriptions and/or reproductions of watercolors and lined drawings by Peale of banded killifish (Fundulus diaphanous), American White Pelican (Pelecanus erythrothynchos), Wood Duck (Aix sponsa), Rough-legged Hawk (Buteo lagopus/Falco lagopus), Sandhill Crane (Grus canadensis tabida), Pectoral Sandpiper (Calidris melanotos), Scarlet Tanager (Piranga olivacea), American Tree Sparrow (Spizella arborea), Yellow-headed Blackbird (Xanthocephalus …

Diet Breadth Evolution And Diversification Of A Generalist Insect Herbivore, Mayra Cadorin Vidal

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Insect herbivores are one of the most diverse groups of multicellular organisms, and the vast majority are specialists, which feed on only a few plant species. The factors that cause some herbivores to be specialists and others to be generalists are still unclear. It is known that the selective forces from natural enemies (top-down) and the host plants (bottom-up) influence an herbivore's diet breadth. In my meta-analysis evaluating the relative important of top-down and bottom-up forces on insect herbivore fitness, I found that herbivores usually have greater performance on better quality plants and in the absence or reduction of enemy …

Effects Of Anthropogenic Noise On Mating Behavior And Fitness, Gabrielle A. Gurule-Small

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

When environments change rapidly, adaptive phenotypic plasticity can ameliorate negative effects of environmental change on survival and reproduction. Recent evidence, however, suggests that plastic responses to human induced environmental change are often maladaptive or insufficient to overcome novel selection pressures. Anthropogenic noise is a ubiquitous and expanding disturbance with demonstrated effects on fitness-related traits of animals like stress responses, foraging, vigilance, and pairing success. Elucidating the lifetime fitness effects of noise has been challenging because long-lived vertebrate systems are typically studied in this context. In both chapters described herein, I reared field crickets, Teleogryllus oceanicus, in masking traffic noise, …