Entomology Commons^™

Ponderosa Pine Mortality And Bark Beetle-Host Dynamics Following Prescribed And Wildland Fires In The Northern Rocky Mountains, Usa, Ryan Stephen Davis

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Ponderosa pine delayed mortality, and bark beetle attacks and emergence were monitored on 459 trees for 3 years following one prescribed fire in Idaho and one wildland fire in Montana. Resin flow volume (ml) was measured on 145 fire-injured ponderosa pine 2 and 3 years post-fire. Logistic regression was used to construct two predictive ponderosa pine mortality models, and two predictive bark beetle-attack models. Post-fire delayed tree mortality was greater with the presence of primary bark beetles independent of diameter at breast height (DBH) (cm), and was greater in smaller diameter trees most likely due to direct effects of fire-caused …

Tiger Beetles Of South Dakota And Nebraska, Stephen M. Spomer, Matthew L. Brust, Doug Backlund, Scott Weins

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

With color photographs of each, covers the morphology, habitats, conservation, species accounts, and distribution maps of 39 tiger beetles (family Cicindelidae or Carabidae) from Nebraska and South Dakota (United States), as well as possible occurrences of 6 others. Also includes a glossary of terms and references.

Checklist of South Dakota and Nebraska Tiger Beetles

Amblycheila cylindriformis Say

Tetracha carolina L.¹

T. virginica L.

Cicindela longilabris laurentii Schaupp

C. nebraskana Casey

C. remanda Dejean

C. duodecimguttata Dejean

C. hirticollis shelfordi Graves

C. limbata Say

C. limbata limbata Say

C. limbata nympha …

Development Of Methods To Evaluate Susceptibility Of Soybean Aphid To Imidacloprid And Thiamethoxam At Lethal And Sublethal Concentrations, Leonardo C. Magalhaes, Thomas E. Hunt, Blair D. Siegfried

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

The soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura (Homoptera: Aphididae), is a recent introduction (2000) from Asia and has become a serious soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr. (Fabaceae)] pest in North America. Seed treatments using the neonicotinoid insecticides, imidacloprid and thiamethoxam, have been suggested as a method of control, and the use of these insecticides is becoming widespread. As a consequence, there is increased potential to select for resistance to these compounds. In the case of soybean aphids, baseline susceptibility to neonicotinoid insecticides and standardized methods for bioassay are lacking. A bioassay technique that uses excised soybean leaves immersed in an …

Detritus Type Alters The Outcome Of Interspecific Competition Between Aedes Aegypti And Aedes Albopictus (Diptera : Culicidae), Ebony G. Murrell, Steven A. Juliano

Faculty Publications – Biological Sciences

Many studies of interspecific competition between Aedes albopictus (Skuse) and Aedes aegypti (L.) (Diptera: Culicidae) larvae show that Ae. albopictus are superior resource competitors to Ae. aegypti. Single-species studies indicate that growth and survival of Ae. albopictus and Ae. aegypti larvae are affected by the type of detritus present in containers, which presumably affects the amount and quality of microorganisms that the mosquito larvae consume. We tested whether different detritus types alter the intensity of larval competition by raising 10 different density/species combinations of Ae. albopictus and Ae. aegypti larvae under standard laboratory conditions, with one of four detritus types …

Population Dynamics Of The Cotton Aphid, Aphis Gossypii Glover (Homoptera: Aphididae), And Its Fungal Pathogen, Neozygites Fresenii (Nowakoski) Batko (Entomopthorales: Neozygitaceae) In South Carolina, Ruly Anwar

All Dissertations

The broad spectrum insecticide, acephate, neonicotinoid insecticides, acetamiprid, thiamethoxam, and imidacloprid, and other insecticides, λ-cyhalothrin, emamectin benzoate, indoxacarb, and spinosad were evaluated for their effects on the cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii, its entmopathogenic fungus, Neozygites fresenii, aphid parasitoids, lacewings, and coccinellids. Numbers of cotton aphids were significantly higher in plots treated with broad-spectrum insecticide than in untreated plots. Also, levels of both fungus-infected aphids and parasitized aphids were significantly higher in plots treated with broad-spectrum insecticide than in untreated plots. Numbers of lacewings and coccinellids were not significantly different between insecticide treated and untreated plots. Levels of fungus-infected aphids were …

Chemical Ecology And Conservation Biological Control, Zeyaur R. Khan, David G. James, Charles A.O. Midega, John A. Pickett

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Elucidating the chemical ecology of natural enemies, herbivores and host plants is important in the development of effective and successful integrated pest management (IPM) strategies where abundance and distribution of natural enemies could be manipulated by semiochemicals for improved conservation biological control (CBC). In response to attack by herbivores, plants produce semiochemicals called Herbivore-Induced Plant Volatiles (HIPVs) which act to repel pests and attract their natural enemies. Damaged, and in some cases, intact plants may also produce volatile signals that warn other plants of impending attack. Some of these intact plants are used as intercrops in 'push-pull' strategies; cropping systems …

Trypanosoma Brucei Rhodesiense Transmitted By A Single Tsetse Fly Bite In Vervet Monkeys As A Model Of Human African Trypanosomiasis, John K. Thuita, John M. Kagira, David Mwangangi, Enock Matovu, C. M.R. Turner, Daniel Masiga

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

We have investigated the pathogenicity of tsetse (Glossina pollidipes)-transmitted cloned strains of Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense in velvet monkeys. Tsetse files were confirmed to have mature trypanosome infections by xenodiagnosis, after which nine monkeys were infected via the bite of a single infected fly. Chancres developed in five of the nine (55.6%) monkeys within 4 to 8 days post infection (dpi). All nine individuals were successfully infected, with a median pre-patent period of 4 (range = 4-10) days, indicating that trypanosomes migrated from the site of fly bite to the systemic circulation rapidly and independently of the development of the chancre. …

Heavy Metals In Mosquito Larval Habitats In Urban Kisumu And Malindi, Kenya, And Their Impact, Paul O. Mireji, Joseph Keating, Ahmed Hassanali, Charles M. Mbogo, Hudson Nyambaka, Samuel Kahindi, John C. Beier

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Concentrations and distribution of cadmium, chromium, copper, iron, lead, manganese and zinc in mosquito larval habitats in urban Kisumu and Malindi, Kenya and their effect on the presence of Anopheles gambiae, Aedes aegypti, Culex quinquefasciatus and Anopheles funestus larvae were investigated. Manganese and iron were the most prevalent heavy metals in water of larval habitats in urban Kisumu and Malindi, respectively. Iron was the most prevalent heavy metal in bottom sediments in larval habitats in both cities. The highest concentrations of all heavy metals, except cadmium and iron, were recorded in the poorly planned-well drained stratum in the two cities. …

Blood-Feeding Patterns Of Culex Quinquefasciatus And Other Culicines And Implications For Disease Transmission In Mwea Rice Scheme, Kenya, Ephantus J. Muturi, Simon Muriu, Josephat Shililu, Joseph M. Mwangangi, Benjamin G. Jacob, Charles Mbogo, John Githure, Robert J. Novak

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Studies were conducted in Mwea Rice Scheme, Kenya during the period April 2005 and January 2007 to determine the host-feeding pattern of culicine mosquitoes. Mosquitoes were collected indoors and outdoors and tested for human, bovine, goat, and donkey blood meals by an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay. A total of 1,714 blood-engorged samples comprising Culex quinquefasciatus Say (96.1%), Culex annulioris Theobald (1.8%), Culex poicilipes Theobald (0.9%), Aedes cuminsi Theobald (1.0%), Aedes taylori Edwards (0.1%), and Mansonia africana Theobald (0.1%) were tested. Except for A. taylori, in which the single blood meal tested was of bovine origin, the other species fed mostly on …

Carpenter Ants, Ryan S. Davis

All Current Publications

Carpenter ants in the genus Camponotus (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) are considered some of the most serious pests to wood structures worldwide. There are over 900 species of carpenter ants in the world, 50 in the United States and Canada, and 12 in Utah. In nature, carpenter ants are most abundant in forests and can be easily found under loose bark of dead trees, stumps, or fallen logs.

Coryneum Or Shothole Blight, Kent Evans, Erin Frank, Jaydee Gunnell, Mike Pace, Maggie Shao

All Current Publications

In Utah, there are typically three generations of corn earworm (CEW) each year. The first generation of adults either come from overwintering pupae (southern and central Utah), or migrate into northern Utah. The adult moth is tannish brown with a 1 1/2 inch wingspan. The front wings are marked with a distinct dark spot in the center and darker bands near the outer margins. The hind wings are lighter tan, with a dark band along the outer margins. The male moths have green eyes. Moth flight occurs primarily on warm, overcast evenings. Moth populations can be monitored using pheromone or …

Curly Top Of Tomato, Rick Heflebower, Chad Reid, Erin Frank, Kent Evans

All Current Publications

Crickets are closely related to grasshoppers and katydids, all belonging in the order Orthoptera. The family of “true crickets” is called Gryllidae, which includes more than 900 different species worldwide. In Utah, we have several species of field crickets and snowy tree crickets located throughout the state. True crickets are often confused with grasshoppers and katydids because they have similar body shapes and large hind legs for jumping.

Subterranean Termites, Erin Hodgson, Alan H. Roe

All Current Publications

Subterranean termites are social insects with a caste system, and belong to the order Isoptera and family Termititae. These termites are closely related to drywood (Kalotermitidae) and dampwood (Termopsidae) termites.

An Investigation Of Techniques For Using Oxalic Acid To Reduce Varroa Mite Populations In Honey Bee Colonies And Package Bees, Nicholas Aliano

Department of Entomology: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

I investigated strategies for reducing Varroa mite populations (Varroa destructor) in honey bee colonies (Apis mellifera) using oxalic acid (OA). I examined the efficacy of OA in both broodless colonies and colonies that contain brood. My data indicate that OA is most effective at reducing Varroa populations when colonies are broodless because repeated applications of OA did not significantly reduce mite populations in colonies when brood was present. Next, I quantified the contact toxicity of OA to Varroa mites and their honey bee hosts in laboratory bioassays. The results indicate that OA has a low acute …

Larval Description Of Cicindela (Dromochorus) Pruinina (Casey) (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Cicindelinae) With Notes On Habitat And Adult Behavior, Stephen M. Spomer, Paul B. Nabity, Mathew L. Brust

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Cicindela (Dromochorus) pruinina (Casey) is a flightless tiger beetle that was described by Casey in 1897. Since its description, it has had a diverse nomenclatural history. It occurs from Kansas and central Missouri south through Oklahoma to south Texas. Aspects of the life history are poorly known, and the larval stages have not been described. Collections of live adults from Onaga, Kansas, were transferred to a terrarium, eggs were obtained, and larvae were reared and described. Larvae were similar to other known species of Cicindela L. Notes on habitat and adult behavior were also made.

An Annotated Checklist Of The Coleoptera (Insecta) Of The Bahamas, Robert H. Turnbow Jr., Michael C. Thomas

Insecta Mundi

A faunal list of 996 species of Coleoptera in 552 genera in 74 families is presented for the Commonwealth of the Bahamas. For most species, island and locality within island collecting information is provided.

Historically, the beetle fauna of the Bahamas has been very poorly known. Leng and Mutchler (1914) in their list of the beetles of the West Indies, recorded only 31 species specifically from the Bahamas. Blackwelder (1944-1957) listed 98 species from the Bahamas (Vaurie 1952b). In neither case did the authors include the names of the individual island for the records. The present list of 996 species …

Hydrological Modeling Of Geophysical Parameters Of Arboviral And Protozoan Disease Vectors In Internally Displaced People Camps In Gulu, Uganda, Benjamin G. Jacob, Ephantus J. Muturi, Erick X. Caamano, James T. Gunter, Enoch Mpanga, Robert Ayine, Joseph Okelloonen, Jack Pen Mogi Nyeko, Josephat I. Shililu, John I. Githure, James L. Regens, Robert J. Novak, Ibulaimu Kakoma

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Background: The aim of this study was to determine if remotely sensed data and Digital Elevation Model (DEM) can test relationships between Culex quinquefasciatus and Anopheles gambiae s.l. larval habitats and environmental parameters within Internally Displaced People (IDP) campgrounds in Gulu, Uganda. A total of 65 georeferenced aquatic habitats in various IDP camps were studied to compare the larval abundance of Cx. quinquefasciatus and An. gambiae s.l. The aquatic habitat dataset were overlaid onto Land Use Land Cover (LULC) maps retrieved from Landsat imagery with 150 m × 150 m grid cells stratified by levels of drainage. The LULC change …

Nebline, April 2008

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Proper Yard Waste Management
Helps Reduce Storm Water Pollution
Rental Arrangements Changing with the Times Part 2 — Flexible Cash Leases
Establishing a Commercial Vineyard
The Stately American Elm
Glossy Plant Ads
Spraying For Weeds May Also Damage Other Plants
Thank You Master Gardeners!
Planning to Plant a Tree for Arbor Day? Read This First!
Controlling Fleas
Everything Homeowners Need to Know About Termite Control
UNL Termite Researcher Needs Infested House!
Managing Deer Damage
Household Hazardous Waste Collections
Name That Food!
Country Style Potato Salad Recipe
$tretch Your Food Dollar With These 10 Money $aving $trategies
What Counts as a …

Hexapod Herald - Vol. 20, No. 2, April 2008

Hexapod Herald and Other Entomology Department Newsletters

Contents:
Congratulations
Welcome
Farewell
Faculty News
Grad Student News
From the Office
Grants
Meeting News
Museum News
Publications
Travel
Condolences
Meet a Distance Student
Student News
This & That
Hexapod Herald Archives

The Mayfly Newsletter, Peter M. Grant

The Mayfly Newsletter

The Mayfly Newsletter is the official newsletter of the Permanent Committee of the International Conferences on Ephemeroptera.

Levels Of Tolerance, Antibiosis, And Antixenosis Among Resistant Buffalograsses And Zoysiagrasses, Thomas E. Eickhoff, Tiffany Heng-Moss, Frederick P. Baxendale, John E. Foster

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

The western chinch bug, Blissus occiduus Barber, has been documented as one of the most serious pests of buffalograss, Buchloe dactyloides (Nuttall) Engelmann, and zoysiagrass, Zoysia japonica Steudel, grown for turf in midwestern states. Resistance to the western chinch bug has been identified in both buffalograsses and zoysiagrasses. Choice and no-choice studies were conducted to determine the categories (antibiosis, antixenosis, and tolerance) of three resistant buffalograsses (PX3-5-1’, 196’, and 184’) and three resistant zoysiagrasses (El Toro, Emerald, and Zorro). Antibiosis studies found no significant differences in survival, nymphal development, or fecundity among the resistant and susceptible buffalograsses or zoysiagrasses, indicating …

Location, Acceptance And Suitability Of Lepidopteran Stemborers Feeding On A Cultivated And Wild Host-Plant To The Endoparasitoid Cotesia Flavipes Cameron (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), Meshack Obonyo, Fritz Schulthess, Juma Gerald, Onesmus Wanyama, Bruno Le Rü, Paul André Calatayud

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Maize fields in Africa are usually surrounded by land occupied by wild plants many of which harbor lepidopteran stemborer species not found on crops. It is not known if the exotic braconid parasitoid Cotesia flavipes, which was released in Kenya in 1993 against the invasive crambid Chilo partellus, searches for and attacks these borers in their natural habitats and whether they are suitable for parasitoid development. The objective of this study was to assess the relationship between acceptance and suitability of six stemborer species attacking cultivated sorghum (C. partellus, Busseola fusca, Sesamia calamistis, and S. nonagrioides) or Napier grass (Busseola …

Interspecific Competition Between Diadegma Semiclausum Hellen And Diadegma Mollipla (Holmgren), Parasitoids Of The Diamondback Moth, Plutella Xylostella (L), Feeding On A New Host Plant, A. Rossbach, B. Löhr, S. Vidal

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Interspecific competition between an introduced parasitoid species aimed at controlling a herbivorous pest species and a native parasitoid parasitising the same host may influence the success of classical biological control programmes. In Kenya, interspecific competition between an introduced and a local parasitoid on two diamondback moth populations (DBM, Plutella xylostella) was investigated on two different host plants. We tested simultaneous and delayed competition of the local parasitoid Diadegma mollipla Holmgren and its exotic congenus D. semiclausum Hellen on a newly aquired DBM host plant (snowpea) in the laboratory. Under simultaneous competition, D. mollipla produced more progeny than D. semiclausum on …

Zooprophylactic Diversion Of Mosquitoes From Human To Alternative Hosts: A Static Simulation Model, A. Hassanali, L. V. Nedorezov, A. M. Sadykov

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

In this paper we describe the development of individual-based simulation model on zoophilic mosquito's behavior that encounters odor plumes from two groups of alternative hosts. Within the framework of the model it is assumed that (i) the hosts are represented by two points located at varying distance from each other and that their odor plumes ("zones of influence") are represented by fractional-linear functions that depend on the number of individuals in each host group and their relative attractiveness to the mosquito; (ii) a mosquito comes under the attractive influence of the plumes only within a fixed domain with rectangular distribution; …

Green Oak Leaf Roller Moth Dynamics: An Application Of Discrete Time Mathematical Models, Lev V. Nedorezov, Dinara L. Sadykova

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Discrete mathematical model is selected for description of green oak leaf roller (Tortrix viridana L.) population dynamics. Experimental data set from Rubtsov [Rubtsov, V.V., 1992. Models of Oscillation Processes in Forest Ecosystems, Forest Institute, Moscow, Russian Federation, p. 39 (in Russian)] is analyzed from the standpoint of phenomenological theory of forest insect population dynamics [Isaev, A.S., Khlebopros, R.G., Nedorezov, L.V., Kiselev, V.V., Kondakov, Yu. P., 1984. Dynamics of Forest Insects Populations, USSR, Nauka, Novosibirsk, p. 224 (in Russian); Isaev, A.S., Khlebopros, R.G., Nedorezov, L.V., Kiselev, V.V., Kondakov, Yu.P., Soukhovol'sky, V.G., 2001. Population Dynamics of Forest Insects, Russian Federation, Nauka, Moscow, …

On-Farm Evaluation Of The 'Push-Pull' Technology For The Control Of Stemborers And Striga Weed On Maize In Western Kenya, Zeyaur R. Khan, Charles A.O. Midega, David M. Amudavi, Ahmed Hassanali, John A. Pickett

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

The 'push-pull' technology is a novel pest management strategy developed for control of stemborers and striga weed, Striga hermonthica, in maize-based farming systems in eastern Africa, where maize is intercropped with desmodium, a forage legume, and Napier grass is planted as a border crop. Desmodium repels stemborer moths while Napier grass attracts them. Desmodium also suppresses the parasitic striga weed through a series of mechanisms ranging from shading to allelopathy through the root system. The technology is currently being disseminated among smallholder farmers in eastern Africa and adoption rates are rising. Our on-station studies have reported efficacy of this technology …

A New Species Of The Genus Gomphomastax Brunner Von Wattenwyl (Orthoptera: Eumastacidae: Gomphomastacinae) From Indian Kashmir, M. Kamil Usmani, Shabir A. Reshi, M. Nayyar Azim

Insecta Mundi

A new species, Gomphomastax nigrovittata Usmani, from Kashmir is described and illustrated. In addition to conventional morphological characters, genitalic structures are also studied. A key to known species of Gomphomastax from Indian Kashmir is given.

New Taxa And Combinations In Neotropical Issidae (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea), Vladimir M. Gnezdilov, Lois B. O'Brien

Insecta Mundi

Six new genera are erected as follows: in the Issini, Argepara gen. n. (type species: Hysteropterum semipellucidum Melichar, 1906), Aztecus gen. n. (type species: Hysteropterum montezuma Kirkaldy, 1913), Incasa gen. n. (type species: Hysteropterum riobambae Schmidt, 1910), Bumaya gen. n. (type species: Bumaya knorozovi sp. n.); and in the Colpopterini, Caudibeccus, gen. n. (type species: Colpoptera carlota Myers, 1928) and Jamaha gen. n. (type species: Poeciloptera elevans Walker, 1858).

Four new generic synomymies are proposed: Prothona Caldwell, 1945 and Plummerana Caldwell, 1945 are placed in synonymy under Proteinissus Fowler, 1904. Thionissa Metcalf, 1938 is placed in synonymy under Dracela …

New Ommatius Wiedemann From The Americas With Two New Species Groups, Keys, And Taxonomic Notes (Diptera: Asilidae), Aubrey G. Scarbrough

Insecta Mundi

Two species groups are proposed for Ommatius Wiedemann, normus and tibialis species groups, increasing the number to eight groups from the Americas. The normus group includes six species, two of which are new, O. nebulosus n. sp. and O. tepui n. sp., from Venezuela. This species group thus far extends from Venezuela southward into Paraguay and southern Brazil. Ommatius pulcher (Engel) is redescribed and a neotype designated. The tibialis group includes eight previously described species from eastern and southwestern United States. Ommatius gemma Brimley is transferred to the costatus group. Keys to the eight species groups and the species of …

Eco-Social Analysis Of An East African Agro-Pastoral System: Management Of Tsetse And Bovine Trypanosomiasis, Johann Baumgärtner, Gianni Gilioli, Getachew Tikubet, Andrew Paul Gutierrez

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

A key constraint for development of many East African agro-pastoral communities is African animal trypanosomiasis or nagana caused by Trypanosoma spp. and vectored by species of tsetse flies (Glossina spp.). Suppression of trypanosomiasis through trapping of tsetse fly populations was conducted from 1995 to 2005 at and near Luke, Southwest Ethiopia. Odor baited mass trapping technology was used to suppress adult fly populations to very low levels while tryponocidal drugs were used to treat trypanosome infections in cattle. Data on ecological, economic and social variables were collected and analyzed in the context of eco-social dynamics in the community. The bio-economic …