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2008

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Articles 181 - 210 of 231

Full-Text Articles in Entomology

Ants Of Arkansas Post National Memorial: How And Where Collected, David M. General, Lynne C. Thompson Jan 2008

Ants Of Arkansas Post National Memorial: How And Where Collected, David M. General, Lynne C. Thompson

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

A knowledge of the fauna of natural areas is necessary for their sustainable management. Thus, intensive ant sampling over multiple years was conducted at Arkansas Post National Memorial in southeastern Arkansas. Our collecting techniques included: pitfalls; leaf litter sifting with Berlese extraction; breaking into twigs, branches, and coarse woody debris located on the ground; baiting tree trunks with peanut butter; and general hand collecting. Ants were collected from diverse habitats, including: open mowed-grass, mowed-grass under hardwood trees, unmowed tall-grass and weeds, and numerous forest types. A total of 43 species in 25 genera and 6 subfamilies were identified. The number …

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Nebline, January 2008 Jan 2008

Nebline, January 2008

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

“Parents Forever” Class Teaches Parents How to Help Children Through a Divorce
Coalition to Assist Children of Parents Experiencing Divorce
Nebraska’s New Parenting Act Puts Children at the Center—Not in the Middle—of Divorce
Upcoming Pesticide Applicator Trainings
Crop Protection Clinic, Jan. 22
Computerized Farm Financial Recordkeeping Workshop, Feb. 16
Year-Round Insect Pests in the Home
Ultrasonic/Subsonic Devices Not Effective for Pest Control
Beginning Beekeeping 2-Day Workshop
Got Deer Problems or Pocket Gophers? UNL Wildlife Experts Need Your Help
Florist Azalea Plant Care
A Gardener’s New Year’s Resolutions
Proper Landscape Plant Maintenance
About Soil Testing
Attract More Birds by Offering a …

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A New Species Of Schizomyia (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), A Pest Of Fernaldia Pandurata (Apocynaceae) In Central America, Raymond Gagne, Rafael Menjivar Jan 2008

A New Species Of Schizomyia (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), A Pest Of Fernaldia Pandurata (Apocynaceae) In Central America, Raymond Gagne, Rafael Menjivar

USDA Systematic Entomology Laboratory

A new species of gall midge, Schizomyia loroco Gagné (Diptera:Cecidomyiidae), is described from loroco, Fernaldia pandurata (A. DC.) Woodson (Apocynaceae), from El Salvador. Females lay eggs in flower buds that then produce characteristic galls. The new species is described, illustrated, and compared to its congeners.

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A New Species Of Wockia Heinemann, 1890 (Lepidoptera: Urodidae) From Korea, Jae-Cheon Sohn, David Adamski Jan 2008

A New Species Of Wockia Heinemann, 1890 (Lepidoptera: Urodidae) From Korea, Jae-Cheon Sohn, David Adamski

USDA Systematic Entomology Laboratory

Wockia koreana Sohn, n. sp., is described from Korea, representing the first record of Urodidae in eastern Asia. Biological and distributional data including host-plant records are provided. Photographs of the holotype and dimorphic antennal and hind tibial features are included in addition to illustrations of wing venation and male and female genitalia.

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North American Species Of Agrostocynips Diaz (Hymenoptera: Figitidae: Eucoilinae), Parasitoids Of Agromyzidae (Diptera): Bionomics And Taxonomy, Matthew L. Buffington, Sonja J. Scheffer Jan 2008

North American Species Of Agrostocynips Diaz (Hymenoptera: Figitidae: Eucoilinae), Parasitoids Of Agromyzidae (Diptera): Bionomics And Taxonomy, Matthew L. Buffington, Sonja J. Scheffer

USDA Systematic Entomology Laboratory

The genus Agrostocynips Diaz is redescribed, as well as two species endemic to the Nearctic: Agrostocynips diastrophi (Ashmead) and A. robusta (Ashmead). Previous to this study, only Neotropical species of Agrostocynips were well diagnosed both taxonomically and biologically. Agrostocynips belongs to the Zaeucoila group of genera, which are Neotropical eucoilines that principally parasitize Agromyzidae (Diptera); among these genera, species of Agrostocynips are some of the few representatives that are found in the Nearctic. Detailed host records and biological notes are provided for the Nearctic species.

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A New Species Of Eurytoma (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae) Attacking Quadrastichus Spp. (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) Galling Erythrina Spp. (Fabaceae), With A Summary Of African Eurytoma Biology And Species Checklist, Michael William Gates, Gerard Delvare Jan 2008

A New Species Of Eurytoma (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae) Attacking Quadrastichus Spp. (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) Galling Erythrina Spp. (Fabaceae), With A Summary Of African Eurytoma Biology And Species Checklist, Michael William Gates, Gerard Delvare

USDA Systematic Entomology Laboratory

Eurytoma erythrinae Gates and Delvare, new species, is described and illustrated. This species was reared from fieldcollected galls on Erythrina spp. (Fabaceae) induced by Quadrastichus spp. (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), in Tanzania, Ghana, and South Africa. It is compared with very similar African species, Eurytoma radicicola Risbec. Afrotropical species classified in Eurytoma are reviewed and twenty-seven new combinations are proposed: Aximopsis acaciacola (Hedqvist) comb. n., A. caryedocida (Rasplus) comb. n., A. lamtoensis (Rasplus) comb. n., A. mateui (Hedqvist) comb. n., A. mimosarum (Rasplus) comb. n., A. obocki (Risbec) comb. n., A …

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Resistance To Bacillus Thuringiensis In Sugarcane Borer, Diatraea Saccharalis (F.), Xiaoyi Wu Jan 2008

Resistance To Bacillus Thuringiensis In Sugarcane Borer, Diatraea Saccharalis (F.), Xiaoyi Wu

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The sugarcane borer, Diatraea saccharalis (F.), is a dominant corn stack boring pest and a major target of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt)-corn in many areas of the mid-southern region of the United States. A Cry1Ab-resistant strain of D. saccharalis, capable of survival on commercial Bt corn plants, was established using an F2 screening procedure. Larval survival of Cry1Ab-resistant, -susceptible, and -heterozygous genotypes was evaluated on five non-Bt and seven Bt field corn hybrids at two plant stages. During the vegetative stages, all seven Bt corn hybrids were highly efficacious against the three genotypes, while 8-18% of the heterozygous genotype survived on …

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Contents, Discovery Editors Jan 2008

Contents, Discovery Editors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Letter From The Dean, Lalit R. Verma Jan 2008

Letter From The Dean, Lalit R. Verma

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Insects Inhabiting The Burrows Of The Ozark Pocket Gopher In Arkansas, Peter W. Kovarik, Stephen W. Chordas Iii, H. Robison, P. Skelley, M. Connior, J. Fiene, G. Heidt Jan 2008

Insects Inhabiting The Burrows Of The Ozark Pocket Gopher In Arkansas, Peter W. Kovarik, Stephen W. Chordas Iii, H. Robison, P. Skelley, M. Connior, J. Fiene, G. Heidt

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Pocket gopher burrows provide a stable environment for a variety of inquilines; hence this mammal is regarded as a keystone species. Most of the arthropods inhabiting pocket gopher burrows are restricted to this microhabitat. As part of a planned state-wide biotic survey of insects inhabiting this unusual microhabitat, we have focused our initial sampling efforts on the Ozark pocket gopher (Geomys bursarius ozarkensis; Geomyidae). In 2004 and 2005, pitfall traps were established in pocket gopher burrows and in 2007 and 2008, nests and associated chambers were excavated. Retrieved samples contained scarab, histerid, and rove beetles, cave crickets and anthomyiid flies. …

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The Integration Of Mosquito Avian Host Preference With West Nile Virus Activity In Wild Bird And Mosquito Populations In Baton Rouge, Louisiana, Jessica Erin Brauch Jan 2008

The Integration Of Mosquito Avian Host Preference With West Nile Virus Activity In Wild Bird And Mosquito Populations In Baton Rouge, Louisiana, Jessica Erin Brauch

LSU Master's Theses

West Nile virus (WNV) infection rates in wild birds and mosquitoes, and the blood-feeding patterns of mosquitoes were examined at two study sites in Baton Rouge, Louisiana to identify the potential avian reservoir hosts and mosquito vectors of West Nile virus (WNV). Blood samples from a total of 2,442 wild birds in the orders Passeriformes, Piciformes and Columbiformes were collected from May 2006 to April 2008 and tested for the presence of WNV RNA using RT-PCR and antibodies to WNV using an epitope-blocking ELISA. WNV was detected in 3.77% of wild bird blood samples and antibodies to WNV were detected …

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Succession Of Coleoptera On Freshly Killed Loblolly Pine (Pinus Taeda L.) And Southern Red Oak (Quercus Falcata Michaux) In Louisiana, Stephanie Gil Jan 2008

Succession Of Coleoptera On Freshly Killed Loblolly Pine (Pinus Taeda L.) And Southern Red Oak (Quercus Falcata Michaux) In Louisiana, Stephanie Gil

LSU Master's Theses

Wood is important in forest ecology because its large biomass serves as a nutritional substrate and habitat for many organisms, including Coleoptera, and beetles contribute greatly to nutrient recycling in forests. Overlapping complexes of beetles invade dead wood according to the species of tree, ambient conditions, and most importantly, stage of decomposition. Beetle succession was studied in loblolly pines (Pinus taeda L.) and southern red oaks (Quercus falcata Michx.) by documenting beetle arrival and residency in cut, reassembled, and standing bolts. Twelve trees of each species at Feliciana Preserve in West Feliciana parish, LA were felled during October 2004 and …

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Characterizing The Epidemiology Of Bluetongue Virus Serotype One In South Louisiana, Michael Edward Becker Jan 2008

Characterizing The Epidemiology Of Bluetongue Virus Serotype One In South Louisiana, Michael Edward Becker

LSU Master's Theses

In November 2004, bluetongue virus (BTV) serotype 1 was detected for the first time in the U.S. from a hunter-killed deer in the marsh area of the Atchafalaya Delta in St. Mary Parish, LA. Subsequent serum surveys of three cattle farms further inland from the area where the deer was shot found bluetongue virus serotype 1 positive cattle on two of the three farms. The purpose of this study was to determine potential BTV vectors in the area where BTV-1 positive animals were detected and compare different trapping techniques for capturing specimens of the genus Culicoides. The study was conducted …

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Factors Potentially Influencing The Abundance Of Mosquitoes In Louisiana Rice Fields, Ana Maria Sanchez De Cuadra Jan 2008

Factors Potentially Influencing The Abundance Of Mosquitoes In Louisiana Rice Fields, Ana Maria Sanchez De Cuadra

LSU Master's Theses

The rice stink bug (Oebalus pugnax) is the major pest of late-season rice in Louisiana. Prior studies indicate that large populations of mosquitoes are often present in rice fields during the time that rice fields are infested with rice stink bugs. Lambda-cyhalothrin (Karate®) is widely used to control rice stink bugs. The purpose of this study was to determine if application of the insecticide Karate® at a rate of 0.033 kg/ha, for rice stink bug control had an effect on the population of mosquitoes in rice fields. This effect was assessed by monitoring natural populations of mosquitoes before and after …

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New Records Of Eurymerodesmid Millipeds (Diplopoda: Polydesmida) From Arkansas, Kansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, And Texas, Chris T. Mcallister, Rowland M. Shelley Jan 2008

New Records Of Eurymerodesmid Millipeds (Diplopoda: Polydesmida) From Arkansas, Kansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, And Texas, Chris T. Mcallister, Rowland M. Shelley

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Using Rna Interference To Determine The Role Of Varisin In The Innate Immune System Of The Hard Tick Dermacentor Variabilis (Acari: Ixodidae)., Wayne L. Hynes, Martha M. Stokes, Shannon M. Hensley, S. Michelle Todd, Daniel E. Sonenshine Jan 2008

Using Rna Interference To Determine The Role Of Varisin In The Innate Immune System Of The Hard Tick Dermacentor Variabilis (Acari: Ixodidae)., Wayne L. Hynes, Martha M. Stokes, Shannon M. Hensley, S. Michelle Todd, Daniel E. Sonenshine

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Defensins are an important component of the innate immune system of ticks. These small peptides are produced by various genera of ticks, and expressed in various tissues. In this study we used RNA interference to silence the expression of the defensin varisin produced by the hemocytes of the American dog tick, Dermacentor variabilis. Ticks were injected with double stranded varisin RNA prior to being placed on a rabbit. After feeding, the ticks were removed, bled, and the hemolymph plasma and hemocytes separated. Hemocytes were screened for the presence (or absence) of both varisin transcript and peptide. Varisin peptide was …

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Biodiversity Of Insects From The Syrphidae And Carabidae Families In Three Ecological Niches (Forest, Forest Boarder, And Farming Area) In Three Communities Of The Coroico Municipality, Nor Yungas, La Paz, Eddy Alarcón Jan 2008

Biodiversity Of Insects From The Syrphidae And Carabidae Families In Three Ecological Niches (Forest, Forest Boarder, And Farming Area) In Three Communities Of The Coroico Municipality, Nor Yungas, La Paz, Eddy Alarcón

Theses and Dissertations

Today, biodiversity is one of the most studied disciplines because it encompasses all species of plants, animals, and microorganisms that exist and act within an ecosystem. In recent decades, biodiversity has been degrading rapidly due to the simplification of agricultural systems, and the irrational use of pesticides that alter the normal function of ecosystems. Within nature, each insect population is attacked by one or more natural enemies. In this investigation, during a six month period from June to December 2006, the biodiversity of predatory insects from the syrphidae and carabidae families was determined in three ecological niches of three communities …

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Concentration-Dependent Degradation Of Three Termiticides In Soil Under Laboratory Conditions And Their Bioavailability To Eastern Subterranean Termites (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae), Raj K. Saran, Shripat T. Kamble Jan 2008

Concentration-Dependent Degradation Of Three Termiticides In Soil Under Laboratory Conditions And Their Bioavailability To Eastern Subterranean Termites (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae), Raj K. Saran, Shripat T. Kamble

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Degradation and bioavailability of imidacloprid, fipronil, and bifenthrin applied at label rates ([AI], wt:wt in soil) in the loamy soil of Nebraska were determined over a 6-mo duration. Based on the calculated half-lives of the three termiticides, it was concluded that the degradation rate was lowest when a termiticide was applied at the highest label rate. Bioassays of Reticulitermes flavipes (Kollar) (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) conducted at 8, 31, 65, 90, 135, 160, and 180 d posttreatment showed an inverse relationship between the LT90 values and the variable concentrations. At day 180, exposures to all the termiticide-treated soil samples (concentration × …

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Inheritance Of Cry1f Resistance In Laboratory-Selected European Corn Borer And Its Survival On Transgenic Corn Expressing The Cry1f Toxin, E. J. G. Pereira, N. P. Storer, Blair D. Siegfried Jan 2008

Inheritance Of Cry1f Resistance In Laboratory-Selected European Corn Borer And Its Survival On Transgenic Corn Expressing The Cry1f Toxin, E. J. G. Pereira, N. P. Storer, Blair D. Siegfried

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

A major assumption of the high-dose/refuge strategy proposed for insect resistance management strategies for transgenic crop plants that express toxins from Bacillus thuringiensis is that resistance traits that evolve in pest species will be recessive. The inheritance of Cry1F resistance and larval survival on commercially available Cry1F corn hybrids were determined in a laboratory-selected strain of European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hu¨ bner), displaying more than 3000-fold resistance to Cry1F. Concentration-response bioassays of reciprocal parental crosses indicated that the resistance is autosomal and recessive. Bioassays of the backcross of the F1 generation with the selected strain were consistent with …

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Invasion Of Europe By The Western Corn Rootworm, Diabrotica Virgifera Virgifera: Multiple Transatlantic Introductions With Various Reductions Of Genetic Diversity, M. Ciosi, Nicholas Miller, R. Giordano, A. Estoup, T. Guillemaud, S. Kim Jan 2008

Invasion Of Europe By The Western Corn Rootworm, Diabrotica Virgifera Virgifera: Multiple Transatlantic Introductions With Various Reductions Of Genetic Diversity, M. Ciosi, Nicholas Miller, R. Giordano, A. Estoup, T. Guillemaud, S. Kim

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

The early stages of invasion involve demographic bottlenecks that may result in lower genetic variation in introduced populations as compared to source population/s. Low genetic variability may decrease the adaptive potential of such populations in their new environments. Previous population genetic studies of invasive species have reported varying levels of losses of genetic variability in comparisons of source and invasive populations. However, intraspecific comparisons are required to assess more thoroughly the repeatability of genetic consequences of colonization events. Descriptions of invasive species for which multiple introductions from a single source population have been demonstrated may be particularly informative. The western …

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Mortalités Et Dépopulations Des Colonies D’Abeilles Domestiques : Le Cas Américain, Yves Le Conte, Marion D. Ellis Jan 2008

Mortalités Et Dépopulations Des Colonies D’Abeilles Domestiques : Le Cas Américain, Yves Le Conte, Marion D. Ellis

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Après la France et l’Europe, l’Amérique du Nord subit des problèmes de mortalités massives d’abeilles. Un déficit d’abeilles pour la pollinisation et les résultats d’enquêtes auprès des apiculteurs attestent clairement que ce phénomène est très préoccupant pour l’apiculture américaine. Le déclin de ce pollinisateur peut constituer un problème environnemental grave pour les écosystèmes.

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A Technique To Morphologically Differentiate Larvae Of Diabrotica Virgifera Virgifera And D. Barberi (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), Sabine C. Becker, Lance J. Meinke Jan 2008

A Technique To Morphologically Differentiate Larvae Of Diabrotica Virgifera Virgifera And D. Barberi (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), Sabine C. Becker, Lance J. Meinke

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

The western corn rootworm (WCR), Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte and northern corn rootworm (NCR) Diabrotica barberi Smith are key pests of corn in the north-central United States (Chiang, 1973; Levine and Oloumi-Sadeghi, 1991). Both species are commonly found as larvae in the same cornfields in areas where geographic distributions overlap. Attempts to distinguish larvae of each species using external characters have proven to be difficult. Mendoza and Peters (1964) reported that differences in anal plate (pygidial shield) morphology could be used to separate larvae of each species. The WCR generally has a notched, dark brown anal plate whereas the anal …

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Use Of Spectral Vegetation Indices Derived From Airborne Hyperspectral Imagery For Detection Of European Corn Borer Infestation In Iowa Corn Plots, Matthew W. Carroll, John A. Glaser, Richard L. Hellmich, Thomas E. Hunt, Thomas W. Sappington, Dennis Calvin, Ken Copenhaver, Jon Fridgen Jan 2008

Use Of Spectral Vegetation Indices Derived From Airborne Hyperspectral Imagery For Detection Of European Corn Borer Infestation In Iowa Corn Plots, Matthew W. Carroll, John A. Glaser, Richard L. Hellmich, Thomas E. Hunt, Thomas W. Sappington, Dennis Calvin, Ken Copenhaver, Jon Fridgen

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Eleven spectral vegetation indices that emphasize foliar plant pigments were calculated using airborne hyperspectral imagery and evaluated in 2004 and 2005 for their ability to detect experimental plots of corn manually inoculated with Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner) neonate larvae. Manual inoculations were timed to simulate infestation of corn, Zea mays L., by first and second fiights of adult O. nubilalis. The ability of spectral vegetation indices to detect O. nubilalis-inoculated plots improved as the growing season progressed, with multiple spectral vegetation indices able to identify infested plots in late August and early September. Our findings also indicate that for …

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Agroecossistemas Orizícolas Irrigados: Insetos-Praga, Imimigos Naturais E Manejo Integrado, Leila Lucia Fritz, Elvis Arden Heinrichs, Marciele Pandolfo, Silvia Martins De Salles, Jaime Vargas De Oliveira, Lidia Mariana Fiuza Jan 2008

Agroecossistemas Orizícolas Irrigados: Insetos-Praga, Imimigos Naturais E Manejo Integrado, Leila Lucia Fritz, Elvis Arden Heinrichs, Marciele Pandolfo, Silvia Martins De Salles, Jaime Vargas De Oliveira, Lidia Mariana Fiuza

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Nos ecossistemas de produção de arroz irrigado, os insetos-praga são considerados uma das limitações na produção mundial. Diante desse fato, diversas formas de controle vêm sendo pesquisadas para minimizar o problema. O uso contínuo de produtos fitossanitários ocasiona a resistência das pragas, além do aumento da população de pragas secundárais. Como alternativa, o uso do controle biológico, através de inimigos naturais, como predadores, parasitóides e patógenos, se revela capaz de regular as pragas em seu ambiente natural, reduzindo a densidade das populações e conseqüentemente os danos às plantas hospedeiras. Sendo assim, nesse trabalho de revisão são apresentados dados sobre a …

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Quantification Of Pollinating Insects Of The Superfamily Apoidea In Three Ecological Niches Of Three Communities In The Municipality Of Coroico-Nor Yungas, Department Of La Paz, Óscar Jaime Claros Sossa Jan 2008

Quantification Of Pollinating Insects Of The Superfamily Apoidea In Three Ecological Niches Of Three Communities In The Municipality Of Coroico-Nor Yungas, Department Of La Paz, Óscar Jaime Claros Sossa

Theses and Dissertations

The superfamily Apoidea (commonly referred to as bees), are insects whose diet consists of the nectar and pollen from flowering plants. Therefore, they are essential pollinators of many species, both wild and cultivated.
Bees are similar to other Hymenoptera in appearance, size, and color variety. The superfamily Apoidea contains 17,000 known species and could possibly contain up to 30,000. Bees perform many tasks that benefit humanity such as pollinating the flowers of both wild and cultivated plants. Without this work, fruits and seeds necessary for the survival of different species, for our own food supply, and for industry would not …

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Two New Termite (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) Feeding Indexes For Woods Of Varying Palatability, C. J. Peterson, P. D. Gerard Jan 2008

Two New Termite (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) Feeding Indexes For Woods Of Varying Palatability, C. J. Peterson, P. D. Gerard

Midsouth Entomologist

In order for bait matrices, treated wood and resistant wood species to be properly evaluated in the laboratory for termite resistance or palatability, reliable tests that can distinguish between food choices must be developed; otherwise, inferior products may enter the marketplace. In the current study, a bioassay method is proposed that allows the calculation of two new feeding indexes, a Wood Resistance Index (WRI) and a Termite Preference Index (TPI). These indexes incorporate the feeding behavior of termites in both choice and no-choice situations. In tests using Reticulitermes flavipes (Kollar), the WRI consistently provided statistically significant comparisons between three wood …

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Rediscovery Of Pogonomyrmex Badius (Latreille) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) In Mainland Mississippi, With An Analysis Of Associated Seeds And Vegetation, J. A. Macgown, J. G. Hill, L. C. Majure, J. L. Setzer Jan 2008

Rediscovery Of Pogonomyrmex Badius (Latreille) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) In Mainland Mississippi, With An Analysis Of Associated Seeds And Vegetation, J. A. Macgown, J. G. Hill, L. C. Majure, J. L. Setzer

Midsouth Entomologist

Pogonomyrmex badius (Latreille)was considered to be a relatively common species in central and southern Mississippi before the introduction of the imported fire ants, Solenopsis invicta and S. richteri, and before subsequent area wide control measures, but it has not been reported from the mainland since the mid 1930's. Recent collections in a relic sandhill community in Smith County have resulted in the rediscovery of this species in central Mississippi. Colony characteristics and microhabitat of P. badius are described. Observations of P. badius and other ant species found walking on the P. badius craters are provided. Seeds found in middens and …

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Comparison And Validation Of Methods To Quantify Cry1ab Toxin From Bacillus Thuringiensis For Standardization Of Insect Bioassays, Andre L. B. Crespo, Terrence A. Spencer, Emily Nekl, Marianne Pusztai-Carey, William J. Moar, Blair D. Siegfried Jan 2008

Comparison And Validation Of Methods To Quantify Cry1ab Toxin From Bacillus Thuringiensis For Standardization Of Insect Bioassays, Andre L. B. Crespo, Terrence A. Spencer, Emily Nekl, Marianne Pusztai-Carey, William J. Moar, Blair D. Siegfried

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Standardization of toxin preparations derived from Bacillus thuringiensis (Berliner) used in laboratory bioassays is critical for accurately assessing possible changes in the susceptibility of field populations of target pests. Different methods were evaluated to quantify Cry1Ab, the toxin expressed by 80% of the commercially available transgenic maize that targets the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hubner). We compared three methods of quantification on three different toxin preparations from independent sources: enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and densitometry (SDS-PAGE/densitometry), and the Bradford assay for total protein. The results were compared to those obtained by immunoblot analysis and …

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Effects Of The Synergist S,S,S-Tributyl Phosphorotrithioate On Indoxacarb Toxicity And Metabolism In The European Corn Borer, Ostrinia Nubilalis (Hübner), Analiza P. Alves, William J. Allgeier, Blair D. Siegfried Jan 2008

Effects Of The Synergist S,S,S-Tributyl Phosphorotrithioate On Indoxacarb Toxicity And Metabolism In The European Corn Borer, Ostrinia Nubilalis (Hübner), Analiza P. Alves, William J. Allgeier, Blair D. Siegfried

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

The toxicity of the oxadiazine insecticide indoxacarb to the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), was evaluated in the presence and absence of S,S,S-tributyl phosphorotrithioate (DEF), an inhibitor of hydrolytic metabolism. Bioassays involving topical application of different concentrations of indoxacarb to third instars of a susceptible O. nubilalis laboratory strain were performed, and in vitro metabolism experiments involving [14C] indoxacarb were examined to determine the role of hydrolytic metabolism in indoxacarb activation. Indoxacarb toxicity decreased in the presence of DEF indicating antagonism of toxicity. Results of in vivo and in vitro inhibition experiments indicated a …

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Predation Of The Chinch Bug, Blissus Occiduus Barber (Hemiptera: Blissidae) By Geocoris Uliginosus (Say) (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae), J. D. Carstens, Frederick P. Baxendale, Tiffany Heng-Moss, Robert J. Wright Jan 2008

Predation Of The Chinch Bug, Blissus Occiduus Barber (Hemiptera: Blissidae) By Geocoris Uliginosus (Say) (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae), J. D. Carstens, Frederick P. Baxendale, Tiffany Heng-Moss, Robert J. Wright

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Big-eyed bugs have been well documented as predators on a diverse group of arthropod prey in turfgrasses; however, little is known about the big-eyed bug species associated with buffalograss, or their feeding habits relative to the western chinch bug, Blissus occiduus Barber. This research documented that Geocoris uliginosus (Say) was the predominant big-eyed bug species associated with buffalograss, obtained information on its feeding behavior, and characterized predation rates. Laboratory studies documented G. uliginosus, as a predator of B. occiduus. While all life stages of B. occiduus were attacked by G. uliginosus, predation was greater on 1st through …

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