Entomology Commons^™

Location Of Stemborer Pupae In Various Host Plants And Implications For The Performance Of Natural Enemies With Emphasis On The Pupal Parasitoid Xanthopimpla Stemmator (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), J. J. Muturi, A. J. Ngi-Song, F. Schulthess, J. M. Mueke, M. Sétamou

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

In order to predict host accessibility by the pupal parasitoid Xanthopimpla stemmator (Thunberg), four grass species (Sorghum bicolor, Pennisetum purpureum, Sorghum arundinaceum and Zea mays) were sampled for stemborer pupae in Kwale, in the low altitudes of southern Kenya, and in Trans-Nzoia, in the high altitudes of western Kenya. The pupal position of Chilo orichalcociliellus (Strand), Chilo partellus (Swinhoe), Sesamia calamistis Hampson, Sesamia sp. nr oriaula (Tams and Bowden) and Busseola fusca (Fuller) in the plant were determined in relation to (a) the distance of pupae from the edge of the stem (depth), (b) the distance between the moth-exit hole …

Crop Updates 2005 - Cereals, Darshan Sharma, Brenda Shackley, Mohammad Amjad, Christine M. Zaicou-Kunesch, Wal Anderson, D. Tennant, Steve Penny Jr, Ben Curtis, Veronika Reck, Richard Richards, Gavin Knell, Steve Curtin, David Sermon, Alan Bedggood, T. B. Biddulph, T. L. Setter, J. A. Plummer, D. J. Mares, H. Khabaz-Saberi, I. Waters, G. Mcdonald, Harmohinder Dhammu, David Nicholson, Chris Roberts, Stephen Loss, Ross Brennan, Kithsiri Jayasena, Eddy Pol, Simon Teakle, Rob Loughman, Ciara Beard, Blakely Paynter, K. Tanaka, G. Poulish, A. Smith, Paul Damon, Zed Rengel, Lionel Martin, Narelle Hill, Ron Mctaggart, Ray Tugwell, Geoff J. Thomas, Manisha Shankar, John Majewski, D. Foster, H. Golzar, J. Piotrowski, Rob Grima, Jeff Russell, Angie Roe, Vivien A. Vanstone, Sean Kelly, Helen Hunter, Mena C. Gilchrist, C. R. Newman, Svetlana Micic, Phil Michael, Gabrielle Coupland, Ern Kostas, Mohammed Hamza, Tina Botwright Acuña, Len Wade, Ingrid Richardson

Crop Updates

This session covers thirty six papers from different authors:

WHEAT AGRONOMY

1. Optimum sowing time of new wheat varieties in Western Australia, Darshan Sharma, Brenda Shackley, Mohammad Amjad, Christine M. Zaicou-Kunesch and Wal Anderson, Department of Agriculture

2. Wheat varieties updated in ‘Flowering Calculator’: A model predicting flowering time, B. Shackley, D. Tennant, D. Sharma and C.M. Zaicou-Kunesch, Department of Agriculture

3. Plant populations for wheat varieties, Christine M. Zaicou-Kunesch, Wal Anderson, Darshan Sharma, Brenda Shackley and Mohammad Amjad, Department of Agriculture

4. New wheat cultivars response to fertiliser nitrogen in four major agricultural regions of Western Australia, Mohammad Amjad, …

Crop Updates 2005 Oilseeds, John Duff, Douglas Hamilton, Graham Walton, Hasan Zaheer, Neil Harris, Heather Cosgriff, Margaret C. Campbell, Bill Crabtree, R. F. Brennan, M. D. A. Bolland, P. M. Damon, Z. Rengel, Russel Speed, Neil Rothnie, John Andrew Simons, Ted Spadeck, John Moore, Brenda Coutts, Roger Jones, Neil Harris, Moin Salam, Ravjit Khangura, Art Diggle

Crop Updates

This session covers fifteen papers from different authors:

1. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS, Douglas Hamilton, FARMING SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT OFFICER

CROP AGRONOMY AND NUTRITION

2. Canola workshop at Crop Updates 2005, Oilseeds WA, John Duff, EXECUTIVE OFFICER OILSEEDS WA

3. Comparison of IT and TT canola varieties in geographic zones of WA, 2003-4, Graham Walton and Hasan Zaheer, Department of Agriculture

4. Farmer scale canola variety trials in WA, 2004, Graham Walton, John Duff, Neil Harris and Heather Cosgriff, Oilseeds WA

5. Oilseed crops for industrial uses, Margaret C. Campbell, Centre for Legumes in Mediterranean Agriculture (CLIMA), Graham Walton,Department of Agriculture

6. …

Immunological Assessment Of An Insecticide Resistance-Associated Esterase In The Western Corn Rootworm, Xuguo Zhou, Michael E. Scharf, Lance J. Meinke, Laurence D. Chandler, Blair D. Siegfried

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

In previous investigations, we have determined that organophosphate resistance in the western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera, is at least partially attributed to a group of non-specific carboxylesterases referred to as group II. Antiserum raised against a purified 66-kDa group II esterase is specific for the denatured enzyme. This antiserum reacts similarly with both beetle homogenates from resistant and susceptible populations, although there is much higher signal intensity in immunoblots of resistant relative to susceptible beetles. These results suggest that overproduction of group II esterases is the underlying basis of esterase-mediated resistance in D. v. virgifera by demonstrating that …

Hexapod Herald - Vol. 17, No. 1, February 2005

Hexapod Herald and Other Entomology Department Newsletters

Contents:
Congratulations
Welcome
Farewell
Faculty News
Grad Student News
From the Office
Grants
Museum News
Publications
Travel
Condolences
This & That
Hexapod Herald Archives

Stochastic Dietary Restriction Using A Markov-Chain Feeding Protocol Elicits Complex, Life History Response In Medflies, James R. Carey, Pablo Liedo, Hans-Georg Müller, Jane-Ling Wang, Ying Zhang, Lawrence G. Harshman

Lawrence G. Harshman Publications

Lifespan in individually housed medflies (virgins of both sexes) and daily reproduction for females were studied following one of 12 dietary restriction (DR) treatments in which the availability of high-quality food (yeast–sugar mixture) for each fly was based on a Markov chain feeding scheme – a stochastic dietary regime which specifies that the future dietary state depends only on the present dietary state and not on the path by which the present state was achieved. The stochastic treatments consisted of a combination of one of four values of a ‘discovery’ parameter and one of three values of a ‘persistence’ parameter. …

Phylogenetic Reconstruction Of Exoristinae Using Molecular Data: A Bayesian Re-Analysis, John O. Stireman Iii

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

A few years ago I published the results of a phylogenetic analysis of New World Exoristinae based on molecular data from two genes, 28S rDNA and Elongation Factor 1-alpha (Stireman 2002). In that study I employed parsimony, neighbor joining, and maximum likelihood inference methods to generate phylogenetic reconstructions, and explored a variety of weighting schemes and combinations of the sequence data (i.e. each gene separately and both together). The results of these analyses generally supported recent taxonomic hypotheses (e.g., Herting 1984; Wood 1987; O’Hara and Wood 2004). For example, Tachinidae and Exoristinae were reconstructed as monophyletic in most analyses, as …

Nebline, February 2005

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

The Scoop on Poop: Lessons in Wastewater Biology
Fertilizing Cropland With Biosolids
Shopping for Plants, Seeds
Colorful Coleus Make Good Bedding or Container Plants
Garden Guide: Things to do this month
Bromeliads Need Strong Light, Warm Temperatures to Survive
The Acreage Yard and Garden: an Ongoing Process
Shock Chlorination of Domestic Water Supplies
Rural Living Clinic on Raising Fruits, Feb. 10
Fewer “Trips to the Attic” of the Food Guide Pyramid Create Great Health Benefits
Italian White Bean Soup Recipe
Eating Well as We Age, Part 1
“Blooming” Chocolate Won’t Hurt You
President’s Notes — Janet’s Jargon
Household Hints: Beat …

Tritrophic Interaction Of Parasitoid Lysiphlebus Testaceipes (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae), Greenbug, Schizaphis Graminum (Homoptera: Aphididae), And Greenbug-Resistant Sorghum Hybrids, Mahmut Dogramaci, Z. B. Mayo, Robert J. Wright, John C. Reese

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Interactions of the parasitoid Lysiphlebus testaceipes (Cresson) and the greenbug, Schizaphis graminum (Rondani), on greenbug-resistant ‘Cargill 607E’ (antibiosis), ‘Cargill 797’ (primarily tolerance), and -susceptible ‘Golden Harvest 510B’ sorghum, Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench, were tested using three levels of biotype I greenbug infestation. The parasitoid infestation rate was 0.5 female and 1.0 male L. testaceipes per plant. For all three greenbug infestation levels, the parasitoid brought the greenbug under control (i.e., prevented the greenbugs from killing the plants) on both resistant hybrids, but it did not prevent heavy leaf damage at the higher greenbug infestation rates. At the low greenbug infestation …

Comparative Performance Of The Mbita Trap, Cdc Light Trap And The Human Landing Catch In The Sampling Of Anopheles Arabiensis, An. Funestus And Culicine Species In A Rice Irrigation In Western Kenya, Evan M. Mathenge, Gedion O. Misiani, David O. Oulo, Lucy W. Irungu, Paul N. Ndegwa, Tom A. Smith, Gerry F. Killeen, Bart G.J. Knols

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Background: Mosquitoes sampling is an important component in malaria control. However, most of the methods used have several shortcomings and hence there is a need to develop and calibrate new methods. The Mbita trap for capturing host-seeking mosquitoes was recently developed and successfully tested in Kenya. However, the Mbita trap is less effective at catching outdoor-biting Anopheles funestus and Anopheles arabiensis in Madagascar and, thus, there is need to further evaluate this trap in diverse epidemiological settings. This study reports a field evaluation of the Mbita trap in a rice irrigation scheme in Kenya. Methods: The mosquito sampling efficiency of …

Host Genotype By Parasite Genotype Interactions Underlying The Resistance Of Anopheline Mosquitoes To Plasmodium Falciparum, Louis Lambrechts, Jean Halbert, Patrick Durand, Louis C. Gouagna, Jacob C. Koella

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Background: Most studies on the resistance of mosquitoes to their malaria parasites focus on the response of a mosquito line or colony against a single parasite genotype. In natural situations, however, it may be expected that mosquito-malaria relationships are based, as are many other host-parasite systems, on host genotype by parasite genotype interactions. In such systems, certain hosts are resistant to one subset of the parasite's genotypes, while other hosts are resistant to a different subset. Methods: To test for genotype by genotype interactions between malaria parasites and their anopheline vectors, different genetic backgrounds (families consisting of the F1 offspring …

Oryctoantiquus Borealis, New Genus And Species From The Eocene Of Oregon, U.S.A., The World’S Oldest Fossil Dynastine And Largest Fossil Scarabaeid (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae), Brett C. Ratcliffe, Dena M. Smith, D Erwin

University of Nebraska State Museum: Entomology Papers

Oryctoantiquus borealis Ratcliffe and Smith is described as a new genus and new species of fossil dynastine Scarabaeidae from West Branch Creek of the Middle Eocene Clarno Formation (44.6–46.8 Ma) of north-central Oregon, U.S.A. This specimen is the oldest specimen attributable to the subfamily Dynastinae and the largest fossil in the family Scarabaeidae.

Larval Descriptions Of Eight Species Of Megasoma Kirby (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae) With A Key For Identification And Notes On Biology, Brett C. Ratcliffe, Miguel Angel Morón

University of Nebraska State Museum: Entomology Papers

The third instar larvae of Megasoma pachecoi Cartwright, M. punctulatus Hardy, M. thersites LeConte, M. vogti Cartwright, M. cedrosa Hardy, M. elephas (F.), M. actaeon (L.), and M. occidentalis Bolívar y Pieltain, Jiménez-Asúa, and Martínez are described. Preliminary diagnosis for the larvae of Megasoma species from North and Central America and a key to eight species are presented. Comparative, brief descriptions of first and second instar larvae of M. elephas, M. thersites, M. pachecoi, and M. cedrosa, and a detailed description of the male pupa of M. elephas, are also included. Diagnostic structures of immatures …

A Review Of The South American Genus Hoplopygothrix Schürhoff (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae: Gymnetini), Brett C. Ratcliffe

University of Nebraska State Museum: Entomology Papers

The southern Brazilian genus Hoplopygothrix is reviewed. The genus now contains only one species, H. atropurpurea (Schaum). Hoplopygothrix atropurpurea nigroscutellaris (Moser) and H. fulvohirta (Moser) are placed in synonymy with H. atropurpurea.

Report Of A Novel Biological Association For Paracrias Huberi Gumovsky (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) With Redescription Of The Female And Description Of The Unknown Male, M. A. Metz, M. W. Gates, M. E. Schauff

USDA Systematic Entomology Laboratory

The female of Paracrias huberi Gumovsky (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) is redescribed and the previously unknown male described from material collected by George B. Vogt near Plummers Island, Maryland. The species is diagnosed and placed within the current phylogenetic concept for the genus Paracrias. Collection records indicate this species was reared from Homoeolabus analis Illiger (Coleoptera: Attelabidae), which is a leaf-rolling herbivore of Quercus spp. and Castanea spp. (Fagales: Fagaceae), thus expanding the potential host guild range of the genus Paracrias and the known biology of the species. In addition, these records report an association with Q. prinus L., a species …

Discovery: The Student Journal Of Dale Bumpers College Of Agricultural, Food And Life Sciences - Volume 6 2005, Several Authors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Letter From The Dean, Gregory J. Weidemann

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Contents, Discovery Editors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Instructions For Authors, Discovery Editors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Tiger Beetles Common During Summer Months, Tanja Mckay, Aldemaro Romero Jr.

Publications and Research

No abstract provided.

Nebline, January 2005

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Partnering With the Community: Lancaster County Extension Collaborates with over 125 Community Partners
Crop Protection Clinic on Jan. 24
Reduce Soil Compaction by Controlling Traffic in Fields
“10 Ways to Boost Profit by $20/Acre” Workshop on Jan. 26
Increased Quantities of Stored Corn Heighten Need to Preserve Quality
Things to Consider When Planting on an Acreage
Understanding Groundwater
Paving and Other Soil Surfacing
Chainsaws — Cut Safely and Comfortably
Latest U.S. Drought Monitor Map
Can You Guess It?
StairWELL to Better Health
Cranberry Apple Crisp Recipe
It’s the Berries!
Choose Your Drinks Wisely — It Makes Sense, and Saves Cents! …

Tapeworms Of Elasmobranchs (Part I) A Monograph On The Lecanicephalidea (Platyhelminthes, Cestoda), Kirsten Jensen

Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum (1924–2023)

This represents the first monographic and phylogenetic treatment of the order Lecanicephalidea. The main objective was to treat the Lecanicephalidea at the generic level, while providing information on morphology, taxonomic history, phylogenetic relationships, geographic distribution, and host associations of the group. Following an introduction to the morphology of the Lecanicephalidea, the phylogenetic placement of the group is addressed. This is followed by a review of the taxonomic history of the group and relationships within, including summaries of 29 previously used classification schemes. Despite the generic focus of this study, the taxonomic status of 137 previously recognized lecanicephalidean species was evaluated, …

Adult Dispersal Of Ostrinia Nubilalis Hübner (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) And Its Implications For Resistance Management In Bt-Maize, J. A. Qureshi, L. L. Buschman, James E. Throne, S. B. Ramaswamy

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Dispersal of European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis Hubner was examined by release and recapture of the dye marked adults and by capture of the feral adults in and around the large 50 ha center pivot irrigated fields of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) maize. Pheromone and black light traps were used to catch the adults. In 1999, 15 094 marked males and 7993 marked females were released, and in 2001, 13 942 marked males and 9977 marked females were released. In 1999, maximum mean recapture beyond the release point was 1.95 and 1.67% for males and females, but in 2001, the recapture …

Sperm Stratification And Paternity Success In Red Flour Beetles, Sara M. Lewis, Annika Kobel, Tatyana Fedina, Richard W. Beeman

Entomology Papers from Other Sources

When females are inseminated by multiple males, male paternity success (sperm precedence) is determined by the underlying processes of sperm storage and sperm utilization. Although informative for many questions, two-male sperm competition experiments may offer limited insight into natural mating scenarios when females are likely to mate with several males. In this study, genetic markers in Tribolium castaneum are used to trace paternity for multiple sires, and to determine whether displacement of stored sperm that occurs after a third mating equally affects both previous mates, or if fertilizations are disproportionately lost by the female’s most recent mate. For 20 days …

Fifty-Four State Records Of True Bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) From Arkansas, Stephen W. Chordas Iii, Henry W. Robison, Eric G. Chapman, Betty G. Crump, Peter W. Kovarik

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The terrestrial true bug (Hemipterar: Heteroptera) fauna of Arkansas is poorly represented in the literature. Between 1998 and 2004, we retained Hemiptera specimens collected while conducting a few scattered entomological projects. Ninety-nine species of terrestrial Hemiptera, representing 15 families, were collected from various locations within 9 Arkansas counties. Of these 99 species, 54 are new state records for Arkansas. The majority of these 54 new state records are of common, widespread species that would be expected for Arkansas. Twenty-two of the 54 species have been reported for at least 4 states bordering Arkansas, whereas only 5 species (all Miridae) were …

Nuclear Genome Diversity And Relationships Among Naturally Occurring Buffalograss Genotypes Determined By Sequence-Related Amplified Polymorphism Markers, O. Gulsen, Robert C. Shearman, Kenneth P. Vogel, Donald J. Lee, P. Stephen Baenziger, Tiffany M. Heng-Moss, Hikmet Budak

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Buffalograss [Buchloe dactyloides (Nutt.) Engelm.] has the potential for increased use as a turfgrass species due to its low maintenance and water conservation characteristics. This study was conducted to estimate diversity and relationships among naturally occurring buffalograss genotypes based on the nuclear genome, using sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) markers. The 56 genotypes studied represented five ploidy levels collected from diverse geographic locations in the North American Great Plains. In addition, blue grama [Bouteloua gracilis (H.B.K.) Lag. Ex Steud.] and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) were included as outgroups. Twenty-five combinations of forward and reverse primers were used. …

Only Large Amounts Of Powdered Sugar Applied Directly To Brood Cells Harms Immature Honey Bees, Nicholas P. Aliano, Marion D. Ellis

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

We applied measured amounts of powdered sugar directly to honey bee brood combs containing eggs and larvae of known age groups. 24 h later, we compared powdered sugar-treated brood with similarly aged cohorts of immature bees that did not receive powdered sugar. Low and high doses of powdered sugar (0.3 and 0.6 g per 151.5 ± 1.0 cells, respectively) caused significant egg removal of 62.2 ± 5.1% and 86.1 ± 5.1%, respectively, when compared to eggs that received no powdered sugar (t = 16.91; df = 29; P = 0.0001). Powdered sugar had no effect on 5-day-old honey bee larvae …

Phylogenetic Revision Of The Genus Mesynodites Reichardt (Coleptera: Histeridae: Hetaeriinae), Alexey K. Tishechkin

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Mesynodites is the largest genus within the exclusively inquilinous (social insect-associated) histerid beetle subfamily Hetaeriinae (Insecta: Coleoptera: Histeridae). The 44 described species are systematically revised, and new taxa are described based on newly discovered species and the results of a cladistic analysis. The work was based on available type specimens representing 42 species and approximately 2500 specimens of non-type material. Phylogenetic hypotheses were based on maximum parsimony analysis of 150 morphological characters derived from a selection of Mesynodites species and representatives of related genera. This analysis confirmed that, in its current concept, Mesynodites is not a monophyletic taxon. Species included …

Integrated Pest Management Of The Mexican Rice Borer In Louisiana And Texas Sugarcane And Rice, Francis P. F. Reay-Jones

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Interactions between sugarcane, Saccharum spp., and the invasive species Mexican rice borer, Eoreuma loftini (Dyar), were evaluated in field experiments and in the greenhouse with rice, Oryza sativa L., as an additional host. By determining adult emergence holes together with percent bored internodes, a novel method for evaluating sugarcane cultivar resistance was developed. In 2001, LCP 85-384 had the greatest moth production per hectare, significantly higher (P ≤ 0.05) than HoCP 85-845. High levels of sodium and magnesium salt stress in the soil were associated with higher E. loftini injury in all cultivars except HoCP 91-555 and CP 70-321. Irrigation …

Nymphal Rnai: Systemic Rnai Mediated Gene Knockdown In Juvenile Grasshopper, Ying Dong, Markus Friedrich

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

Background

Grasshopper serves as important model system in neuroscience, development and evolution. Representatives of this primitive insect group are also highly relevant targets of pest control efforts. Unfortunately, the lack of genetics or gene specific molecular manipulation imposes major limitations to the study of grasshopper biology.

Results

We investigated whether juvenile instars of the grasshopper species Schistocerca americana are conducive to gene silencing via the systemic RNAi pathway. Injection of dsRNA corresponding to the eye colour gene vermilion into first instar nymphs triggered suppression of ommochrome formation in the eye lasting through two instars equivalent to 10–14 days in …